ABSTRACT ENCON 2011 PART E Modelling & Simulation NO AUTHOR & TITLE ABSTRACT 1 Ahmad Shahir Jamaludin*, Abdullah Yassin, Mohd. Shahril Osman, Syed Tarmizi Syed Shazali Cutting force and cutting edge temperature prediction of small ball end milling using Finite Element Method (FEM) This paper describes the development of 2 dimensional finite element investigation on the high speed machining on laser sintered material with ball end mill to validate experimental results. The works employ finite elemen method (FEM) to simulate the experimental methods. The application of updated Lagrangian formulation, machining of laser-sintered material were simulated using 2D thermomechanical plane-strain model. The predicted cutting forces and cutting temperatures will validate corresponding experimental values measured using piezoelectric dynamometer and three colour pyrometer. Mild steel AISI1055 was used as comparison. Simulation results of cutting force errors of 5-15 %, compared to experimental results when 0.8 shear friction coefficients were used. The cutting force shows increasing values when the radial depth increases for both type of materials due to increasing chip removal rate. The cutting temperature increases with increasing cutting speed due to increasing cutting energy. Results show cutting force for laser sintered material is lower than AISI1055 due to its lower young modulus but cutting edge temperature for laser-sintered materials is higher than
2 M.F. Atan, N. Abdul Rahman, S. F. Salleh, and S.H.Hashim Determination of the key parameters influencing the volumetric coefficient of mass transfer in liquid phase in saline milieu In most gas-liquid interphase studies, investigation of oxygen conductivity in water, kl, and interfacial area, a, to fluid intermixing and flow are conducted separately for bioreactor. As such, the effect of interrelation for both parameters to fluid mixing and flow in bioreactor is barely understood. Therefore, the main objective of this study is to investigate the key parameter influencing the interrelation of both kl, and a, in which denoted as kla or volumetric coefficient of mass transfer. In this study, experimental investigations are conducted on the effect of surfactant addition, level of ph and concentration of salinity. Two types of surfactant have been identified in this study namely liquid detergent and sucrose ester. For ph level study, the variation of ph is varied from 1 to 14 while for the concentration salt in saline solutions are varied accordingly from 1 to 5%vol/vol of water. In addition, investigation is also attempted to measure the size of bubble diameter by utilising an image analyzer. The results from experimental investigations are then correlated to both Henzler and Van t Riet correlation for verification. From experimental investigation, the presence of salts and coalescence inhibitory causes an increase of kla value in the saline solution. However, if the percentage of the salt is further increase (more than 3% vol/vol), the value of kla will decrease but still remains higher than the value without salts addition. In surfactant addition investigation, it is found that at 0.03% vol/vol or higher concentration of liquid detergent addition into fluid will decrease kla values which eventually making it becoming unstable. The same observation made for sucrose ester addition. In ph level study, it is found that stability of kla occurred at 4 and 8 ph levels in saline solution of 1%vol/vol. In correlation study, the experiments results are then used to verify Henzler correlation in which modification on the coefficient especially power of aerated solution, PG, is suggested for the moderated stirring speed (up to 600 RPM). However, the new
3 W. L. Cheong, S. T. Syed Shazali, A. M. N. Abg Kamaruddin, S. Mohamaddan and K. Case. Emergency Evacuation Simulation Development Using Game Programming This paper discusses the development of emergency evacuation simulation using DarkBasic Professional. This simulation was developed to simulate the evacuation performance of buildings. The building design created using 3D World Studio for compatibility with DarkBasic Professional. The human entities in the simulation are created with artificial intelligence using Dark AI. There are four options in the simulation that can be displayed to the user;- entity walking paths, obstacle bounds, view arcs, and avoidance angles. The human entities are able to find the shortest path to the destination point with the use of Dark AI. If the shortest path is blocked by obstacles, the human entities are able to find an alternative path to the destination unless there is no other path. The simulation computes the total evacuation time after all the human entities have evacuated. 4 H. Mohamed Basri, K.Lias, W.A. Wan Zainal Abidin, M.F. Mohd Sabri, A. Lit. Development of Direct Torque Control Space Vector Modulated (DTC-SVM) Using RST Controller In this paper, an improved Direct Torque Control method with Space Vector modulation is proposed for a three phase inverter. It is used in AC drives system to obtain high performance of output torque regulation. SVM-DTC strategy allows the error of the flux and the torque to be arranged in a geometrical manner. In this paper, a Cartesian x-y model for three phase induction machine is implemented. Simulations were carried out and performance analysis of the scheme is presented. 5 W. Yufridin, H. Huzein Fahmi, A.B. Norantanum, M.R. Rafidah. Design and Simulation of Microhotplate for gas sensing applications using MEMS 6 M. Asri, M. Fayzul, I. Daut, T. M. N. Tunku Mansur, N. Roshidah. L ocalised Flux and Losses Distribution in the Stator Core of 0.5HP Three Phase AC Induction Motor With recent development of MEMs technology, Microhotplate is now fastly gaining momentum as essential part of micro sensor component especially on gas sensor detection. By using metal oxide sensor as sensing film, this MEMS Microhotplate sensor has the potential to replace the conventional olfactory techniques. In this paper, we will present the simulation results of a Microhotplate design for Metal Oxide Sensor. The electro-thermo-mechanical behaviors of the proposed structure have been simulated by using ANSYS software. In this simulation, maximum stress, temperature distributions and mechanical deflection were investigated. The 3D simulation results show that the temperature, displacement for Metal Oxide electrode operation is as per desired. With the Microhotplate design, at thickness 5μm sensing film, thermal distributions are found to be evenly distribute making it an ideal design for a gas sensor. Measurements of localised flux density and localised power loss have been conducted on a stator core model induced by 1.8T. Within the stator teeth, flux was found to be distorted and rotational. Localised power losses in the stator teeth were much higher than in the outer of the stator. The harmonic plots of fundamental, third, fifth and seventh at the stator are presented.
7 M.R. Ghazali, M.F. Rahmat, W.I. Ibrahim, and M.F. Mat Jusof, N. Salim Pakheri. Spatial Filtering Effect on Circular and Rectangular Electrode in Electrodynamic Sensor 8 H.H.Goh, C.M.Soo, B.C.Kok, and K.C.Goh. Vibration Monitoring For Rolling Element Bearing Using Fast Fourier Transform 9 W. Sapto Widodo, Mohamad Fadzzly, Kamarul bin Amir Mohamed, Nurul Hidayah. Modeling and Simulation of Deep Drawing Process This paper is focus on spatial filtering effect or frequency bandwidths characteristics in circular and rectangular electrode. This spatial filtering effect is the relationship between sensor size and the frequency bandwidth of transducer determine from frequency response obtained during which corresponds to a detectable particle. The sensing device was built from conductor and insulator materials that have the different size and shape. Three types of electrodes that commonly used were pin, quarter ring and ring shapes. This paper focuses on pin shape with variation of size for circular and rectangular shapes. Non-intrusive method was designed and applied to the both shapes to investigate the spatial filtering effect of the sensor. Many types of equipment today are required in service well for 24 hours a day and beyond their intended lifetimes. Then, to dismantle them for inspection from time to time is very expensive while the owners need to consider all the faults before making the decision. Therefore, vibration signature is introduced to help the owners to decide based on all the relevant information taken. Vibration signature is an essential tool to detect motor problems, which can identify the specific faults like bearing or gears, or rotor imbalances without interrupting the operation of the motor. The techniques used in the vibration signature are field measurement with portable instruments, field recording followed by detailed analysis and permanent online monitoring. Each vibration shows the different characteristic that determined by the running speed, the number of poles on the rotor, the numbers of slot in the rotor or stator, and other variables. The objective of this project is to identify most of the bearing defects during the operation and provide valuable information to develop a maintenance schedule before the motor breaks down. All in all, from all the information, the owner can reduce the amount of unscheduled downtime while extend the running time of the The paper presents the dynamic simulation of a deep drawing process using ANSYS software. The main purpose of the simulation is to investigate the friction and clearance effect in the deep drawing process. The other purpose of the simulation is to reduce time required to perform try-out process before actual production process can start. Hence the simulation more focuses on the two parameters which affect in the deep drawing process i.e friction and die clearance. During simulations the friction and clearance parameters were altered to obtain the optimum result of thedraw piece which is no wrinkles in the side wall and no cracks exist in the whole part. Nine sets of simulations have been done the results are presented.
10 Siti Nor Hafizah Mohd Zaid, Mohamed Abdel-Maguid and Abdel-Hamid Soliman. Towards Driver Eye Gesture Analysis for Driver Assistance Systems Based Upon Template Matching 11 Lazim Abdullah and Nurnadiah Zamri. Road Accident Model with a Threshold Level of Fuzzy Linear Regression 12 A. Faridah Hanim Mohd Noh, B. Roziah Aziz, and C. Then Kai Hao. A n Application of Multi Layer Perceptron with Back- Propagation Algorithm for Voltage Sag Classification The work presented here proposes a driver condition monitoring system known as a Non-intrusive Intelligent Driver Assistance and Safety System (Ni-DASS). Ni-DASS is a context aware non-invasive driver condition assessment system that monitors a vehicle driver s eye gaze (using an on-board CCD camera), changes to vehicle speed and direction in order to detect unsafe driving behaviour. At the heart of Ni-DASS is the Driver s Eye Gaze Analyser (DEGA) algorithm. DEGA monitors and analyses the trajectory of a vehicle driver s eye movement and classifies them into a set of meaningful behaviours such as checking the side mirror; checking the blind spot; checking that eyes are on the road etc. The work presented here demonstrates the use of driver and vehicle profiles with an image based template matching algorithm to detect if a driver is failing to make proper observations of the wing and rear-view mirrors during manoeuvres. This is achieved by matching the driver s eyes with templates drawn from images of the driver making the correct observations. A failure to make a correct observation is flagged when there is low correlation between the driver s eyes and the appropriate template for that observation. By detecting such situations and giving personalized warnings which adapt to different driving styles, it is hoped to It has been hypothesized that number of road accidents and road casualties are increased in line with the raise in the variables of registered vehicles, population and road length. However the effects of these variables toward road accidents are still inconclusive. Therefore, this paper develops a model based on the variables which can be used to determine road accidents in Malaysia. In order to explain the effects of these variables to road accident, a fuzzy linear regression model with 0.5 threshold level is used. Historical data from the year 1974 to 2007 were collected to test the model. The results show that by applying a multi-variable approach to fuzzy linear regression, the model provides not only crisp output but also output range for road accident in Malaysia. The selected variables were contributed significantly to number of road accidents in Malaysia. Voltage sag is a serious issue in power quality problems. It can bring to the failure of equipments, data and financial losses to the customer, as well as to utility service provider. In order to prevent voltage sag from degrading power quality, detecting voltage sag for its mitigation purpose has become main issues. In this paper, an application of multi layer perceptron (MLP) neural network with back-propagation (BP) training algorithm, which suitable for pattern recognition is used to detect and classify voltage sag. The training and testing data obtained from the simulated model based on Matlab/Simulink software. The result shows the aptness and the capability of the proposed system in identification and classification of voltage sag.
13 Kismet Anak Hong Ping, Fathi Bin Ramli, Thelaha Bin Haji Masri, Wan Azlan Bin Wan Zainal Abidin, Al-Khalid Bin Haji Othman. Microstrip Rectangular Patch Antenna at 6 GHz for Object Detection Applications 14 K. Lias, T. Masri, W. A. Wan Zainal Abidin, A. K. Othman, A. S. Marzuki, H. Mohamed Basri. Pyramidal ElectromagneticWave Absorber Simulation Performance using Different Type of Materials This paper presents microstrip rectangular patch antenna with a Quarter-wave Stripline feeding technique. The proposed antenna is suitable for object detection applications operating at 6 GHz. The small size of antenna is significant in order to minimize the space used, reduce the cost of fabrication and ease of extension into a scalable array of similar antennas. Thus, more antennas can be added into the system and more information can be collected. Parametric studies are carried out to obtain optimum performance of antenna. The proposed design has been optimized using quarter-wave stripline approach to provide high performance at a wide functional bandwidth while minimizing reflection effects. Electrical properties of materials (objects) are varied to study the signal penetration through different mediums. Hence, the results obtained from the simulations using CST Microwave Studio software which is based on the Finite Integration Technique are demonstrated and analyzed. This paper presented the simulated performance of pyramidal microwave absorbers which were designed by using different type of materials. The height of these absorbers was set to 200 mm and its width and length to 100mm, with simulated frequency range from 1.5GHz to 11GHz. There were five materials chosen in the investigation. They are eccosorb or also known as polystyrene, wood, silicon, paper and rubber. From the results, all the materials provide good absorption performance and wood is the best obtained.