LibUSB: Create a Solution Without the Class Struggle!

LibUSB: Create a Solution Without the Class Struggle! RX USB lab 2L01I Description: Use a LibUSB PC Host application together with an target board USB Device. Lab objectives Understand how to easily create a PC Host RX solution by using LibUSB. You will learn 1. That you don t have to follow a class specification. 2. How make a USB peripheral known to Windows using LibUSB so that a PC host app can connect to it. 3. How to use and modify both a simple host (PC) application and the target board to create a solution. 4. Show example USB transfers using Control, Bulk, and Interrupt endpoints. Skill Level Knowledge of Basic USB host and peripheral concepts. Some USB hardware and class knowledge is preferred, but not necessary. Some proficiency in C. This is a hands-on debug session. Lab Materials Please verify you have the following materials at your lab station. SW E2studio min 1.0.1.14. RX compiler min. v. 1.2.1. Python min. v. 2.7 and PyUSB Directory C:\Workspace\e2studio\LibUSB_Demo should contain sub-directories LibUSB_Demo and LibUSB_Demo\LibUSB_HostPC. HW RDK63N Black A to mini-b USB cable for JLink debugger Black A to mini-b USB cable used for target board peripheral USB0 port to PC. Time to Complete 120 Minutes Lab Sections 1 Download LibUSB target code... 2 2 Make the LibUSB target known to Windows... 5 3 Windows Found New Hardware... 7 4 Pipes and endpoints... 10 5 Host app: Learn about the USB target... 13 6 Host app: Communicate with target bulk endpoints... 16 7 Add an interrupt IN endpoint... 19 8 Appendix. Use LibUSB Install-filter to access any device!... 21 9 (Lab restore)... 22 2L01I LibUSB - Create a Solution Without the Class Struggle_LabProcedure Page 1 of 22

1 Download LibUSB target code Overview Download and run the LibUSB peripheral ( function or device ) code on the target board. Procedural Steps The RX LibUSB firmware is based on the common code USB Basic FW found in all Renesas USB firmware downloads from the Software Library. The LibUSB package is the Basic FW with an added application that does not follow any class. The application demonstrates USB communication with the target board to light LEDs, write to the board display, and read the ADC. The target board runs as the USB peripheral (or USB function ). The PC will be the USB host. Step 1.1 Step 1.2 Step 1.3 Plug the USB A-to-mini-B cable to the PC and the YRDK63N Segger USB port (next to the DB9 connector). Start e2studio. It will ask you for the path to the workspace to open. Enter C:\Workspace\e2studio\LibUSB_Demo. A build configuration with include paths etc has been prepared for the project. Make sure that this build configuration is the active build configuration: Highlight the project folder, then select Project=> Build Configuration=>Manage. Select Renesas HardwareDebug, and press Set Active if it isn t already the active configuration. Step 1.4 Compile (Ctrl+B). Make sure that LibUSB_Demo.x is built. If it is, it should be visible in in the Project browser like this. 2L01I LibUSB - Create a Solution Without the Class Struggle_LabProcedure Page 2 of 22

Step 1.5 Let s see if we can download and debug. Select Run=>Debug Configurations. Click on LibUSB_Demo_JLink, which is a member of Renesas GDB Hardware Debug. Press Debug. If asked to select debug hardware, select Segger JLink. As target device, select R5F63NB. Step 1.6 Step 1.7 If you connect successfully, you should see the binary being downloaded in the console window. Make sure the Renesas Debug Perspective (tab) is active, if it wasn t selected automatically. You can switch between the C/C++ and debug perspectives when you are debugging to more easily search code etc. Press the Reset symbol. The program counter should now equal the value of the reset vector. Step (over) with F6 to see if you are connected successfully. The green back-ground shows where the program counter is. Step 1.8 Hit Go (F8). If you hit a breakpoint that was left in a previous debug session, just hit Go again. (To halt execution press the Pause symbol, NOT the red square which exits debug!) If you have come this far, compiling and debugging with e2studio and works. With that out of the way we can focus on LibUSB! 2L01I LibUSB - Create a Solution Without the Class Struggle_LabProcedure Page 3 of 22

Step 1.9 Make sure target is running (F8), then connect the USB A-to-mini-B cable between the target board USB port and the PC. Step 1.10 If the Found New Hardware Wizard pops up, click Cancel. We will go through the process of installing the driver later. With the YRDK the cable must be reconnected after the board executes the USB code in order to enumerate. The Found New Hardware Wizard will pop up when the USB cable is connected if the RX peripheral was never connected to the PC before. In order for Windows to select the right driver for this USB peripheral we need to point to an INF-file. The RX target won t enumerate unless someone previously ran the lab on the PC. If it doesn t enumerate, what do you think is missing? Hint: Read the green box. 2L01I LibUSB - Create a Solution Without the Class Struggle_LabProcedure Page 4 of 22

2 Make the LibUSB target known to Windows Overview Create an.inf-file so that windows can access the USB peripheral (target board). DevCon 12 lab procedure The only way our Windows PC host can access a peripheral is by first providing information about it. To provide information for USB peripherals, Windows uses INF-files. When connecting a device for the very first time, Windows will try to find an INF-file from the windows\inf folder that matches the VID and PID from the descriptors of the device. If a matching INF is not found, Windows will ask you for one. We will create an INF-file for the LibUSB target. As an alternative method to access a device via Windows, you can use the \libusb-win32-bin- 1.2.6.0\bin\x86\ install-filter-win.exe. This is much faster and great for testing devices but not realistic for something that is to be deployed as a product. See Appendix. The LibUSB INF Wizard Step 2.1 Step 2.2 Start the LibUSB INF Wizard; C:\Workspace\e2studio\LibUSB_Demo\LibUSB_Demo\LibUSB_HostPC\libusb-win32-bin- 1.2.6.0\bin\inf-wizard.exe and click Next. With the target board running and connected to the PC, you should find the Lib USB Demo among other USB devices that are attached. You will probably not see this many devices in the lab. The screenshot is from a desktop. 2L01I LibUSB - Create a Solution Without the Class Struggle_LabProcedure Page 5 of 22

In case you are curious; the string RX600 LibUSB Demo is the second string descriptor, the product string. It can be modified in file r_usb_vendor_descriptor.c in the data vector usb_gplibusb_string_descriptor2[]. The Renesas Vendor ID (registered with usb.org) and Prodiuct ID can also be found in this file as USB_VENDORID and USB_PRODUCTID. Step 2.3 Select the RX600 LibUSB Demo and press Next. s Do the VID, PID, and product string descriptor, all in r_usb_vendor_descriptor.c, match what the INF Wizard shows? Step 2.4 Step 2.5 Step 2.6 Step 2.7 The wizard is about to create an INF file. As manufacturer you can enter your last name (whatever you like). You can also change the device name if you like, for example DevCon 2012 LibUSB Demo. You can leave the MI field blank. Press Next. Make a note of the filename in the question box below. Save the INF-file to C:\Windows\inf but in some machines the INF directory is e.g. C:\Windows\system32\inf. You can save it to anywhere you want, but Windows searches that directory automatically. If you save it somewhere else you will later have to point to that directory in the Found New Hardware Wizard section. Press Done. Note the option to Install Now. This option guides you through the process of copying libusb0.sys to the Windows driver directory. We will copy this file manually instead to show how a user would point to your INF file. s Note the INF-file name you created here..inf The idea of course is that a user shouldn t have to know about it. But as the product designer you probably want to how all this works! Step 2.8 Open the INF file in e.g. Notepad. During enumeration the Windows host will try to match the incoming device descriptor with the the DeviceID, listed under [Strings] DeviceID = in the INF-file. (It may match this information from what is in the registry if it previously learned about this peripheral.) s What is the Device ID (product string)?. What is the USB class?. 2L01I LibUSB - Create a Solution Without the Class Struggle_LabProcedure Page 6 of 22

3 Windows Found New Hardware Step 3.1 Step 3.2 Start Windows Device Manager: In the Start menu, select Run. Type devmgmt.msc and click OK. (Win7; type device manager into the Windows Run menu) This will help keep track of enumeration status. Keep it open. Restart the target by disconnecting and reconnecting the cable. We will follow the Found New HW Wizard. The correct driver (libusb0.sys) will be found automatically by Windows if the vendor and product ids was used by Windows at some time in the past, for example if someone ran the lab before you. To avoid it all happening in the background, let s do this in detail to learn how this would work for a customer doing this for the first time with your new product. If then the Found New HW Wizard does not appear, right click on Lib USB Demonstration in the Device Manager and click on Update Driver. Then follow the same steps as below. Step 3.3 In the Windows Found New HW wizard, select No, not this time (Win7; Browse my computer ), then Install from a specific location (Win7; Let me pick ). If you saved your INF-file to Window s INF-directory and are given a choice of several INFfiles e.g. because someone ran the lab before, identify yours by matching manufacture name. There are several ways to do locate the INF file. Just to make sure we pick the right INF-file, select Don t search, I will choose driver then Have disk, and browse to your INF file. Step 3.4 Click Next. When prompted to insert an installation disk, click OK then Browse and point to the directory C:\Workspace\LibUSB_Demo\LibUSB_Demo\LibUSB_HostPC\libusb-win32- bin-1.2.6.0\bin\x86. Click OK. 2L01I LibUSB - Create a Solution Without the Class Struggle_LabProcedure Page 7 of 22

Step 3.5 Press OK and Finish. If something goes wrong, restart the target firmware, uninstall the driver by right-clicking on the device in Device Mgr (Step 9.2), then redo the procedure. An example is shown above for WinXP. Libusb-win32 (the driver libusb0.sys) Libusb-win32 is a driver library allowing user-space applications to access USB devices on Windows (XP, Vista, Win7) without writing kernel driver code. libusb0.sys comes together with the INF-Wizard. It s all part of the LibUSB-Win32 download. In your future product install guide the customer must be told where (e.g. a CD) libusb0.sys can be found. If you write a Windows host application, you need to use the API WinUSB or Libusb-win32 to access USB devices (unless you are using a Windows.NET USB developer API or similar). Of course you can use Python as we will do, and even a Python-made GUI. 2L01I LibUSB - Create a Solution Without the Class Struggle_LabProcedure Page 8 of 22

Step 3.6 In Windows Device Manager, check that Windows has enumerated the RX properly. You should have it listed under the libusb-win32 device class. Summary This whole mechanism which we have now put in place is sometimes referred to as the Windows LibUSB backend. With LibUSB, a PC application can now access ANY connected USB device and its endpoints! See Appendix (Section 8) later for details. 2L01I LibUSB - Create a Solution Without the Class Struggle_LabProcedure Page 9 of 22

4 Pipes and endpoints Overview Find out what endpoints and pipes are used to learn how both the host and function application programs communicate with each other. Basics of USB communication - before we start this section. In order for data to be shared by host and peripheral, endpoints are defined by the peripheral. The host must learn about these endpoints via the descriptors. A pipe is a node s means of communication to and from an endpoint. A pipe consists of the device address of the peripheral and an endpoint number, available bandwidth, transfer type, direction of data flow (IN, OUT) and max buffer size. The default, or control pipe is a bidirectional pipe made up of endpoint zero. In USB at the lowest level, the host always initiates transaction of data, even for interrupt endpoints. RX demo pipes and endpoints Step 4.1 Let s examine the RX peripheral demo s endpoints and pipes. Open the file r_usb_vendor_descriptor.c as shown below, from the folder APL. Only a USB function (or device ) has descriptor data defined in the source code. A USB function needs to send this to a host when asked, so that the host knows how to communicate. The host always starts by asking for the device descriptor which contains the VID and the PID of the peripheral. These are listed near the top of the file. Write them down here. Vendor ID Product ID 2L01I LibUSB - Create a Solution Without the Class Struggle_LabProcedure Page 10 of 22

Step 4.2 Step 4.3 Step 4.4 In this file we also have the pipe information table usb_gpvendor_smpl_eptbl1[] and the descriptors at the end of the file. Let s see what pipes and endpoints the host application must use to communicate with the target board. The endpoints are listed in the configuration descriptor structure, usb_gpvendor_smpl_configurationf_1 right after the first interface descriptor, located around line 221. When the host asks for the configuration descriptor, all the descriptors in this structure are sent; configuration, interface and endpoint descriptors. That s why are in the same structure. Step 4.5 By studying the structure, try to fill out the first three columns of the EP-table below. Fill in this endpoint table Endpoints Transfer type at lowest USB protocol level: Control, Bulk, Interrupt or Isochronous Payload data flow direction as seen from host. IN or OUT. Interface number 0, 1,2,.. Pipe nr 0-9 for RX6xx (Step 4.6) EP1 descriptor EP2 descriptor EP3 descriptor EP4 descriptor Step 4.6 Now look at the pipe information table, usb_gpvendor_smpl_eptbl1, ~line 115. This is where endpoints and pipes are paired together for the RX USB peripheral. Which pipe is used for an endpoint is only relevant inside a USB node. (The configuration descriptor is what is sent to host. On the other end of the USB cable only the EP number is needed. The host selects its own pipe.) Which pipes are used by each respective endpoint? Fill in pipe numbers in the table s last column. (Hint: 2nd item in each pipe record - end of line.) 2L01I LibUSB - Create a Solution Without the Class Struggle_LabProcedure Page 11 of 22

Pipes cannot be chosen randomly for the RX. From the HW manual we can see that: - PIPE0 is for control transfers only. - PIPE1 and 2 are for bulk transfers or isochronous transfers. - PIPE3 to 5 are for bulk transfers only. - PIPE6 to 9 for interrupt transfers only. The pipe information table for peripherals is described in section 3.6.3 in the Basic FW manual (r01an0512ej0200_usb.pdf). This can be downloaded from am.renesas.com. String Descriptors Step 4.7 Now look at the string descriptors at the bottom of the file. According to the USB specification, inclusion of string descriptors is optional. The string descriptors can be fetched by the host application using the standard USB request get_descriptor as we will see later. If string descriptors are included, string descriptor 0 must contain the language ID. Fill in the string descriptors of the target. String descriptor 0: The sixteen-bit LANGID field, at offset 2 bytes: (hex) String descriptor 1 String descriptor 2: Apparently, the INF Wizard asked for the string descriptors since it displayed String descriptor2 in Step 2.2! Step 4.8 In Windows Device Manager, right-click on the LibUSB target and select Properties. Does Windows use any of the string descriptors to show a connected device in Device manager?. Hint: Check Device manager when target has enumerated, then check the INF-file. There is another way to get device information! Sometimes you don t have source code, but want to learn about a device anyway. Use LibUSB!.. 2L01I LibUSB - Create a Solution Without the Class Struggle_LabProcedure Page 12 of 22

5 Host app: Learn about the USB target Overview: We will run a PC USB Host application written in Python. You will see how you can learn about a USB function by reading its descriptors from the host s application program. You can then configure it and finally have some useful communication take place between the host and function application layers. Windows, using the LibUSB backend that we set up in section 2 takes care of basic enumeration to learn what driver to use for the PID and VID of the function. After enumeration is done, all a PC application needs to do is connect to the LibUSB backend with the right VID and PID to be able to talk to the device and do something useful! Run a host sample application in Python Step 5.1 Step 5.2 Step 5.3 Open directory C:\Workspace\e2studio\LibUSB_Demo\LibUSB_Demo\LibUSB_HostPC\labdocs. Locate the USB host application file Renesas_libusb_host_lab.py. Right-click on the file and select Edit with Idle. This will open the Editor window. The console window will appear when you run the code for the first time. When we refer to Idle below we mean the editor. If you are interested, study the code later. Right now we will just see what we can do with LibUSB from the PC side. Step 5.4 In Idle, scroll down to ################################################## # # # M A I N # # # ################################################## at the bottom third of the file, around line 200. Line number is at the bottom right in Idle. Even further down, around line 245 you will see ############### # Find the RX # ############### my_usb_object = RenesasLibUsbDevice(0, 0) Python is object-oriented - we will now try to find the object of interest, the target board! We can do this as the program uses the Python add on package PyUSB [in C:\Python27\Lib\site-packages\usb ] which enables us to talk to the Windows LibUSB backend (libusb0.sys). 2L01I LibUSB - Create a Solution Without the Class Struggle_LabProcedure Page 13 of 22

Step 5.5 Step 5.6 Step 5.7 We need to enter the PID and VID of the target board on this line. Since it is easy to forget these numbers, a feature is added to the code to see what devices are available via the LibUSB backend. At the beginning of main (~line 225), this line does exactly that: devices = usb.core.find(find_all=true) Make sure the target is running (F8 in e2studio). Does the board display say LibUSB successful open? If not, reconnect the USB cable. Run the program with F5 in Idle (the editor) and study the output. If Python output says that there is no LibUSB backend it didn t associate the PID and VID of the device with the libusb0.sys driver, or, it cannot find libusb0.sys because it was never installed. This shouldn t happen if you successfully ran the INF-wizard in section 2. But here then again is a summary of how to get the Windows LibUSB backend working: To have Windows install libusb0.sys properly and use it for your device, the Found New HW pop-up must read the correct INF-file with the same VID and PID as your peripheral, and, if libusb0.sys was never installed, tell it where to find it (Browse ). To debug ; control what is happening by not letting Windows do these steps automatically when the pop-up appears.(step 3.1 ). If the pop up does not appear, or the device does not appear correctly in Device Mgr., select Uninstall from Device Mgr, then Update Driver and follow Step 3.1 Step 5.8 If all is working, you should see the target board PID and VID listed at the very beginning of the output. For example: main List USB devices found: [<usb.core.device object at 0x01903CD0>, <usb.core.device object at 0x019031D0> ] In detail: Vendor ID 0x483 & Product ID = 0x2016 Vendor ID 0x45b & Product ID = 0x512 Was your USB target (the RX) found? List PID and VID pairs found. You should have at least one peripheral connected to the PC the RX target board! PID VID ( PID VID PID VID (If you get only one, that s fine. To get all connected USB devices to show up, see section 8.) Any devices listed in the Python output window are accessible to a LibUSB host PC application otherwise they wouldn t be in the list. If you don t see the other USB devices connected to your PC and you would like to interface with them, for example to read the descriptors, use the LibUSB Install-filter described in section 8 to make it visible You can talk to ANY USB device via LibUSB! 2L01I LibUSB - Create a Solution Without the Class Struggle_LabProcedure Page 14 of 22

Step 5.9 To control the device, enter the PID and VID of the RX as arguments in the my_usb_object.. call as my_usb_object = RenesasLibUsbDevice(0x<VID>, 0x<PID>) Step 5.10 Run the Python code by hitting F5 inside Idle. What information does the host app manage to get from the target using the calls my_usb_object = RenesasLibUsbDevice( ) (~line 245) and my_usb_object.listdescriptors() (~line 250)? You don t have to list everything, just be impressed by the fact that we are actually communicating with the target board. We used LibUSB to list configurations, interfaces, endpoints and string descriptors. This was added to the host application for debug purposes, for learn about a connected device. This Python code was added for you to copy and use at your convenience in your future test & development! 2L01I LibUSB - Create a Solution Without the Class Struggle_LabProcedure Page 15 of 22

6 Host app: Communicate with target bulk endpoints Overview: We will use the endpoints that you listed in the table (page 11) for a simple application. The default LibUSB target board application code can do some basic things like set an LED and write to the board display. We can send demo commands to the target using one of the endpoints. This is described in the application note r01an0492ej_usb.pdf. This application note is included in your workspace under LibUSB_Demo\LibUSB_HostPC\lab-docs. Control the target application Step 6.1 Find what endpoint is used to control the target application. In e2studio, open r_usb_vendor_papl.c and go to function usb_pvendor_apl_task (line ~315). Here is how reading data over USB works When the application task usb_pvendor_apl_task (an OS-like process) receives the message USB_PSTD_OPEN it calls the open() function for vendor class communication. Using control() It then registers an automatic call-back to be triggered due to a call to read(). The call-back will then trigger only when these two conditions are met: 1) A read-call was issued 2) a subsequent BULK transfer completes in hardware. The call-back when such a transfer completes, in our case, is therefore usb_pvendor_smp_bulkread_notify. (See line ~390. Don t need to check this now, but its all in this file.) When this call-back is later called by the stack it in turn sends a message back to this same application process with the flag USB_PSTD_BULK_RECEIVE_END, together with the data from host. See line ~470. Perhaps a bit more complex than a simple read, but the USB firmware uses processes and callbacks so that we don t wait in while-loops for things to complete. We don t know when data is going to be sent, and we want to be prepared beforehand to manage incoming data in realtime, in an event handling manner. Writing operates in a similar way. Step 6.2 Put a breakpoint where the code is that runs when a bulk receive transfer to the peripheral (OUT as seen from host) occurs, at line case USB_PSTD_BULK_RECEIVE_END: /* Data reception complete for BULK OUT transfer Make sure the target is running (F8 in e2studio). Step 6.3 Before we run the Python code, answer a few questions about this case statement that will handle received bulk data. 2L01I LibUSB - Create a Solution Without the Class Struggle_LabProcedure Page 16 of 22

Which pipe does the target board use to receive application demo commands? Which endpoint is that pipe set up to use? (Ref. your table in section 4.) Control LEDs Step 6.4 Step 6.5 Step 6.6 Step 6.7 In the Python code, enable the section that controls the LEDs by enabling that section right below the ***LED*** heading. (Change if 0: to if 1:). If you try to run the Python code you will see error messages due to a missing EP address. We need to define the EP-address for the command endpoint in the Python code. Enter this on line ~230. Run the Python code with F5. Python will complain, but this should be due to that the target is not responding since your breakpoint triggered. Look in e2studio. If the BP in triggered, you know we have a connection! The first test data we are sending from the host is in my_usb_object.writeep(ep1_addr_cmd_out, '\x01' + '\x02\x03\x04\x05\x06\x07') The data 0x01 0x02 0x03 0x04 0x05 0x06 0x07 is now available for the RX inside usb_gcvendor_smpl_trn_ptr, the variable registered at the read() call. The function usb_plibusb_libusbcmdchk(), triggered when our bulk pipe (and associated endpoint) receives data from the host, is defined at the end of the file. What value must be the first byte we need to send from the Python app to the demo command pipe to - Control the LED? - Trigger the ADC to be read? - Write to the LCD?. Step 6.8 Step 6.9 Step (F6=step over) until you reach usb_plibusb_libusbcmdchk(). Step into (F5) usb_plibusb_libusbcmdchk(). Continue stepping (F6) all the way to case USB_LIBUSB_CMD_LED:. The data from the host (in usb_gcvendor_smpl_trn_ptr) is passed as the string host_command_string. View the content by opening it in the Expressions tab in e2studio. Now that you know how to see the data received in the RX. Get rid of the BP when you don t need it, or the PC Python code will time out. Use as needed to debug only. Step 6.10 Check that all LEDs toggle when the Python app runs. 2L01I LibUSB - Create a Solution Without the Class Struggle_LabProcedure Page 17 of 22

Write to LCD Step 6.11 Write to the LCD by enabling that section. Two strings are written alternatively each main program loop, with a delay, to show that it s running. Write your own text to the display; max 12 characters. The second byte is the line number. This must be 0-7. Read ADC Step 6.12 Now enable the section to read the ADC by enabling that section in the Python code. To read the ADC we must first write to the demo command OUT endpoint with the right value, then read another IN endpoint to get the ADC data. Since we did Step 6.7we know that is the command byte to be sent to the target through pipe 1 and EP1 (OUT) to trigger an ADC read, but which pipe and EP (IN) is used for reading the ADC data coming from target?. Hint: You can find this by looking at what pipe nr is used under case USB_LIBUSB_CMD_ADC: Then use your EP table on page 10 to determine the endpoint. The host does not use endpoint number, but EP-address. According to the USB 2.0 spec, the EP-address is made up of one byte, where - bit 7 indicates direction, 0 being OUT and 1 being IN. - bit 6-0 indicate EP-number. The EP-address for EP2 then becomes 10000000 + 00000010 = 10000010 = 0x82. For EP1, since bit 7 should be set to 0 (OUT), the address is simply 0x01. Step 6.13 Enter the EP-address used for reading the ADC data value. The EP-address value for the ADC IN is right below the command EP-address. Step 6.14 Run with F5. Reading ADC data from the pipe is done by the line adc_array = my_usb_object.readep(ep2_addr_adc_in, 32, EP_TIMEOUT) The rest of the.py code after my_usb_object.readep() is there to convert the ADC-value from an array to a string and make it look nice. What does the ADC value vary between? It should change when you turn the ADC potentiometer, located to the left of the circle of LEDs? to. 2L01I LibUSB - Create a Solution Without the Class Struggle_LabProcedure Page 18 of 22

7 Add an interrupt IN endpoint Overview: If you have time, add an interrupt endpoint to the target and use it with a target board switch. So far we have used: - Control EP 0. We don t fiddle with pipe and EP 0. The control endpoint was used during enumeration and by the get-descriptor commands we used in the Python code. - Bulk EP 1 (OUT) and 2 (IN). Bulk EP1 was for the demo commands, and Bulk EP 2 was used by the host used to read ADC data. If you have time, let s use an interrupt endpoint and have it do something when a target switch is pressed! Observe that even for interrupt endpoints, the host initiates all communication on the bus. An interrupt endpoint is thus polled like all other endpoints, but does have a maximum latency. The max. latency is given by the device endpoint descriptor s binterval field, and can be between 1 and 255 ms. Step 7.1 Step 7.2 Open file r_usb_vendor_descriptor.c and go to Endpoint Descriptor 3. An interrupt endpoint is already added to the configuration descriptor in the USB Basic FW by default, so we don t need to add this endpoint, change descriptor length USB_SMPLCONFLEN etc. Aside from this being an interrupt endpoint, this endpoint is part of a different. (Hint, there are two of them, one is for EP 1 & 2, and one is for EP 3 & 4.) Which one should we use if we want to press a switch on the target and have it as soon as possible transmit some (IN) data to the host?. What is then the EP-address, which we need to use in the Python code?. Hint: Step 6.12. Step 7.3 Step 7.4 Step 7.5 Step 7.6 Step 7.7 Back in r_usb_vendor_papl.c at the bottom of the file, there is code added that is triggered when SW1 (IRQ8 - defined in rx_rsk.c) on the board is pressed. A series of integers is sent each time the switch is pressed. In the Python code, enable the interrupt IN code. Enter the EP-address above by adding EP3_ADDR_EXTRA_IN and enabling the interrupt endpoint reading code with if 1:. Disable the sections LED, ADC and LCD. We want fast response! Set NR_TEST_LOOPS to e.g. 10 in the Python code. (Right before the demo loop.) In the command result_array = my_usb_object.device.read(ep3_addr_extra_in, USB_SMP_II_TRNSIZE, 0, EP_TIMEOUT*10) the interface is set to 0. Change it appropriately according to what is set in the endpoint descriptor in r_usb_vendor_descriptor.c and run the Python code. 2L01I LibUSB - Create a Solution Without the Class Struggle_LabProcedure Page 19 of 22

Step 7.8 The code will stall waiting for the interrupt IN data. There is a timeout setting, so don t wait too long to press SW1! Summarize what s happening! (You should get the interrupt IN data from EP3 each time SW1 is pressed. The data is just an incrementing series of integers.) The data at the USB bus level in has a determined max latency. What is this max latency value set to? Hint see the top green field and Step 7.1. Check the value of binterval, which can be 1-255 ms Step 7.9 Change all if 0: to if 1: in the Python code. Now the board switch triggers everything to occur in the loop, once per switch press! Step 7.10 As a last step, run the GUI Renesas_libusb_host_gui.py! 2L01I LibUSB - Create a Solution Without the Class Struggle_LabProcedure Page 20 of 22

8 Appendix. Use LibUSB Install-filter to access any device! Using the LibUSB filter application to access a device through Windows. Do this at home! Overview: Try this at home to put the Python code we made for you to use! This section describes how to access any USB device via the LibUSB Windows backend. The LibUSB Install-filter can add and remove libusb-win32 as a driver to an existing driver installation. Step 8.1 Run C:\Workspace\e2studio\LibUSB_Demo\LibUSB_Demo\LibUSB_HostPC\libusb-win32- bin-1.2.6.0\bin\x86\ install-filter-win.exe. Devices available to a PC host application via LibUSB are listed in the output (Step 5.6) with the command: usb.core.find() If you don t see a particular USB device but would like to interface it (e.g. to see actual descriptor values) you can use the LibUSB filter application to make it visible. The tool...\libusb-win32-bin-1.2.6.0\bin\x86\ install-filter-win.exe provides a convenient way to gain access to a device. This is perhaps not realistic for something that is to be deployed as a product as asking the customer to use this filter is not standard procedure, unless it could be run as part of an install procedure. Step 8.2 Step 8.3 Step 8.4 Step 8.5 Step 8.6 Start the Install filter. Select Install a device filter, press Next. Select the device you would like to interface with via LibUSB. Now you should be able to communicate with the device via the Windows LibUSB backend. Run the Python code by hitting F5 again in Idle. Study the beginning of the.py output. You should now see the added device under the target board s LibUSB VID and PID. Here is example output from the python output window: main start List USB devices found: [<usb.core.device object at 0x00C242F0>] In detail: Vendor ID 0x45b & Product ID = 0x2016 Vendor ID 0x46d & Product ID = 0xc016 This is our LibUSB target! Now you know how to interface with a device of another class using LibUSB. But be careful. Setting a configuration of a device already used by a Windows driver may cause the Windows USB driver interaction to become corrupted! Either the device must be reconnected, or worst case if you are not careful, Windows must be restarted. (Windows logout and login may be enough.) / LAB END 2L01I LibUSB - Create a Solution Without the Class Struggle_LabProcedure Page 21 of 22

9 (Lab restore) Overview Prepare the PC for the lab. If Win7 is used, the screenshot and text will differ, but the restorage steps are similar. Procedural Steps Tthis section should be done prior to the lab by the DevCon crew. This lab assumes that Python, PyUSB, and libusb0.sys are installed. See the top of file..\reahost\renesas_libusb_0492_lab_v1.00.py for more info on how to install. Step 9.1 Step 9.2 Start by Section 1, that is run the target code. Then come back here. In Windows Device Manager, right-click on the device you should see under class libusb-win32-devices and select Uninstall. Step 9.3 Start regedit and delete all entries under HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE/SYSTEM/CurrentControlSet/Enum/USB/VID_045B&PID0512. Step 9.4 Step 9.5 Search C:\Windows\INF, or wherever the Windows INF-folder is it could be e.g. in C:\Windows\system32\INF), with search parameters filename =.inf, and Word or phrase in the file = lib usb. Search also for libusb without space. Use advanced search with Case sensitive unchecked. Delete any files found. Step 9.6 Step 9.7 Go to the folder C:\Workspace\e2studio\LibUSB_Demo\LibUSB_HostPC and delete the file Renesas_libusb_host.py. Make a copy of Renesas_libusb_host_lab_restore.py. Rename the copy Renesas_libusb_host_lab.py to replace the one you deleted in the previous step. /DONE! 2L01I LibUSB - Create a Solution Without the Class Struggle_LabProcedure Page 22 of 22