MULTISTAKEHOLDER DIALOGUE AND ICT STATISTICS THE BRAZILIAN EXPERIENCE TA2.20 - Academy-centered partnerships for data production and sharing UNITED NATIONS WORLD DATA FORUM Cape Town 17 th of January 2017
OUTLINE 1. The need of data: Evidence-based policymaking and ICTs; 2. Measuring ICTs for SGDs; 3. Multistakeholder Internet governance in Brazil; 4. ICT-related statistics production in Brazil; 5. Building multistakeholder partnerships.
1. The Need of Data: Evidencebased policymaking and ICTs
THE NEED OF DATA EVIDENCE-BASED POLICY MAKING The impact of policy can be measured with good statistics. If policy cannot be measured it is not good policy. (Othman, 2005) o o o o Reliable Relevant Timely Accessible ICT & SDG indicators Internationally comparable data o ICT Infrastructure o Access and use o ICT skills o Online activities o o Cost-effective Interdisciplinary Relevant data to inform policy o Barriers and motivations
THE NEED OF DATA POLICY GAP IN LATIN AMERICA A large number of countries have implemented ICT policies in the education sector, which has led to their institutionalization and the allocation of increased resources GAP [ ] Lack of standardized and comparable statistical information in the region (ECLAC, 2014). SUNKEL, Guillermo; TRUCCO, Daniela; ESPEJO, Andrés. La integración de las tecnologías digitales en las escuelas de América Latina y el Caribe: una mirada multidimensional. Santiago de Chile, CEPAL mayo de 2014
2. Measuring ICTs for Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs)
MEASURING ICTs FOR BETTER POLICIES BENCHMARKING International comparability Planning Evidence-based Public policies ICT STATISTICS Monitoring National and international goals UN Sustainable Development Goals WSIS Action Lines LAC Digital Agenda
INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES AND SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT GOALS
1 ICTs are a fundamental component in achieving of the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). 2 ICTs integrate and accelerate the pillars of sustainable development: economic growth, social inclusion and environmental sustainability.
3 Measuring and tracking the expansion of ICTs is critical to the process of designing and monitoring of public policies fostering sustainable development.
DATA SOURCES FOR POLICY DESIGN Administrative data Ministries & National agencies Data from Ministries and Regulatory Agencies Lack of data on access and use Survey data ICT statistics for SDGs International comparability Data analysis for policy design SUPPLY Big Data Alternative data sources Data analytics DEMAND National Statistical Offices & Observatories Sampling surveys Data collection Joint work of Government, Universities and International Organizations (standard measures)
ECOSYSTEM OF ICT STATISTICS IN BRAZIL ICT-DATA USERS TELECOM REGULATOR MINISTRIES (Science & Technology, Education, Health, Industry and Commerce, etc) ACADEMIA AND RESEARCHERS PRESS AND SOCIETY (ANATEL) ICT-DATA PRODUCERS BRAZILIAN INTERNET BRAZILIAN INST. INSTITUTE FOR ASSOC. FOR PROMOTION STEERING GEOGRAPHY APPLIED OF COMMITTEE AND ECONOMIC SOFTWARE STATTISTICS RESEARCH EXCELENCE CGI/NIC/CETIC IBGE IPEA SOFTEX ICT-DATA PRIVATE PROVIDERS ICT SERVICE PROVIDERS (Operators, ISPs) OTHERS PRIVATE PROVIDERS (Industry Associations)
3. Multistakeholder Internet governance in Brazil
MULTISTAKEHOLDER INTERNET GOVERNANCE KURBALIJA, Jovan. An Introduction to Internet Governance: Diplo Foundation, 7th edition. 2016 The Internet started as a government project. In the late 1960s, the US government sponsored the development of the Advanced Research Projects Agency Network (ARPANet), a network aimed to facilitate the sharing of digital resources among computers. By the mid-1970s, with the invention of TCP/IP (Transmission Control Protocol/Internet Protocol), this network evolved into what is known today as the Internet. One of the key principles of the Internet is its distributed nature: data packets can take different paths through the network, avoiding traditional barriers and control mechanisms. [ ] There was no central government, no central planning, no grand design.
MULTISTAKEHOLDER INTERNET GOVERNANCE KURBALIJA, Jovan. An Introduction to Internet Governance: Diplo Foundation, 7th edition. 2016 In Internet governance, governments had to enter an already existing non-governmental regime. In other policy areas [ ] intergovernmental policy space has been opening gradually to non-governmental actors. Wide variety of actors, including national governments, international organizations, the business sector, civil society, and the academic and technical communities. Multidisciplinary nature of issues: technological, legal, economic, human rights, and sociocultural aspects, among others. Different policy levels: local, national, regional, and global.
INTERNET GOVERNANCE IN BRAZIL MULTISTAKEHOLDER MODEL UNIQUE INTERNET GOVERNANCE MODEL EFFECTIVE PARTICIPATION OF SOCIETY MULTILATERALISM, TRANSPARENCY, DEMOCRACY SUSTAINABILITY, INNOVATION & TECHNICAL QUALITY
INTERNET GOVERNANCE IN BRAZIL MULTISTAKEHOLDER MODEL The Brazilian Internet Steering Committee Multistakeholder model Created in1995 and modified in2003
INTERNET GOVERNANCE SUSTAINABILITY Brazilian Internet Steering Committee Brazilian Network Information Center 1995 2003 2005 SUSTAINABILITY (*) New Federal Decree: constitution and structure of CGI.br. 6 th largest domain name database
4. ICT-related statistics in Brazil
CETIC.br MISSION AND SCOPE OF ACTION 1995 2003 2005 Mission: Contribute to building inclusive knowledge societies through information and communication technologies. Scope of action: Latin America and Portuguese-speaking countries of Africa. Lines of action:
CETIC.BR ICT SURVEYS IN BRAZIL HOUSEHOLDS ENTEPRISES PUBLIC INTERNET ACCESS International frameworks KIDS ONLINE NON-PROFIT ORGANIZATIONS INTERNET SERVICE PROVIDERSS Broadband policies elac 2018 EDUCATION E-GOVERNMENT SDGs & WSIS Monitoring national policies HEALTH CULTURE
PRODUCING QUALITY DATA FOR EVIDENCE-BASED POLICYMAKING AND RESEARCH
BROADBAND SUPPLY AND DEMAND SURVEYS: ICT PROVIDERS AND ICT HOUSEHOLDS 100 Households with Internet, by area 2.138 ISPs in Brazil (2014) 80 60 40 20 0 56 22 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 Urban Rural Speed avalible 15% 70~100Mbit/s 94% up to 10Mbit/s 34,1 million households with Internet access (2015) 38% 48% 53% 60% 40% Providers by 100,000 inhabitants 35% Of the households with 2 Mbit/s Internet connection 100 80 60 40 20 0 By socioeconomic status 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 A B C D/E 97 82 49 16
5. Building multistakeholder partnerships
BEST PRACTICES DESIGNING ICT SURVEYS Stakeholders Critical activities and survey process 1 2 3 4 5 SURVEY PLANNING FIELDWORK DATA PROCESSING DATA ANALYSIS PUBLIC DISSEMINATION Relevant products: manuals, control, data basis, reports Survey Procedures Manual Methodological Report Field Control Report Collected data (tables & transcripts) Raw data tables Preliminary Data Analysis Report Publication (Analysis and ICT Indicators) Book Website CETIC.br Data collection instruments: questionnaires, interview scripts, etc.
ICT STATISTICS PLATFORM MEASURING THE INFORMATION SOCIETIES INDIVIDUALS ORGANIZATIONS HOUSEHOLDS INDIVIDUALS KIDS ONLINE EDUCATION HEALTH CULTURE ENTERPRISES GOVERNMENT NON-GOV T ORG. ISP PROVIDERS TELECENTERS DATA COLLECTION DATA ANALYSIS DATA DISSEMINATION Survey Data Big Data New Sources DATA PROCESSING & MANAGEMENT METHODOLOGICAL APPROACHES Publications Data Visualization Capacity Building FRAMING & REGISTERS STATISTICAL MICRODATA Policymaking & Research
METHODOLOGICAL APPROACHES PRODUCING QUALITY DATA FOR POLICIES AND RESEARCH QUALITATIVE APPROACH: o Focus groups o Cognitive interviewing o In-depth interview o Case studies DATA ANALYTICS Web Scraping (Semantic Web) QUALITATIVE METHODS BIG DATA Organizations Surveys QUANTITATIVE METHODS Household Surveys QUANTITATIVE APPROACH: o National probabilistic surveys o Disaggregated results
ENGAGING EXPERTS LETIGIMACY TO ICT STATISTICS PRODUCTION Government 63 Organizations 200+ experts engaged in the process of data production International Organizations Academia & Research Institutes Civil Society Organizations
PARTICIPATION AND ENGAGEMENT IN INTERNATIONAL WORKING GROUPS Methodological definitions ICT Indicators: definition and harmonization Publication of guidelines and methodological recommendations Economic Commission for Latin America and the Caribbean (ECLAC) International Telecommunication Union (ITU) Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD) United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (Unesco)
RELEVANT OUTCOMES INTERNATIONAL FRAMEWORKS FOR MEASURING ICTs Regional LAC framework for measuring ICT in Health UN ECLAC, NSOs and Ministries of Health LACKO Latin America Kids Online Network UNICEF, UNESCO, Academia and Civil Society Orgs. Global framework for measuring ICT in Education UNESCO, UIS, Ministries of Education, Academia and Civil Society Organizations Big Data Pilot for measuring the Digital Economy UN ECLAC: Brazil, Chile, Colombia and México Framework for measuring Electronic Government UN ECLAC, Red GEALC (LAC e-gov Network)
RELEVANT OUTCOMES CROSS-NATIONAL STUDIES Barbosa, A., O Neill, B., Ponte, C., Simões, J.A., and Jereissati, T. (2013). Risks and safety on the internet: Comparing Brazilian and European children. LSE, London: EU Kids Online. Sozio, M. E. ; Ponte, C. ; Sampaio, I. V. ; Senne, F. J. N. ; Olafsson, K. ; Alves, S. J. Z. ; Garroux, C. (2015). Children and Internet use: A comparative analysis of Brazil and seven European countries. EU Kids Online, v. 1, p. 1-19.
LINE OF ACTIONS MAIN PROJECTS AND INITIATIVES Knowledge Center Capacity building in survey methodologies: o Brazil o Latin America o Africa Laboratory of ideas: o Public debates o Expert group meetings Culture and Ethics on the Internet Int l cooperation: o UNESCO, UIS, ITU, UNECLAC, OECD, A4AI o Academia
DISSEMINATION CRITICAL ACTIVITIES Special studies: monitoring of relevant ICT issues Online data visualization tool Internet Sector Overview Report
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