San Diego International Airport: Building For The Future, Through Underground Distribution Automation and SCADA OC IEEE IAS/PES Meeting February 21, 2013 1
Presenter: Randy Denton, PE Under Ground Utility Automation 2
San Diego International Airport Under Ground Utility Automation 3
Topics Project Goals & Objectives Background Power System Planning Study and Results Power System Configuration and Operation SCADA Architecture and Technologies Challenges Questions and Answers 4
Project Goals Provide San Diego International Airport (SDIA) and Electrical Operations Staff with a12kv primary system, based on Underground Distribution Automation techniques, that functions through a dedicated SCADA system to automatically monitor and control the distribution of power throughout the airport property during the planning period 2015-2035 Provide SDIA s power system with highest reliability, electric utility grade distribution equipment, protective relaying and SCADA systems. Efficiently control loading of the two SDG&E preferred-source 12kV feeders, the alternate source feeder and future grid-connected PV solar generation Obtain SDG&E acceptance of the design 5
Project Objectives Maximize uptime Using DA techniques, controlling the effects of loss of source, brown outs, system disturbances, equipment problems, power cable failures and overload conditions through looped feeders that are segmented by ATO switchgear allowing the transfer of loads between SDG&E preferred and alternate sources Minimize power outages to - Terminals, CUP and other facilities to approximately five to ten seconds while SCADA performs automatic loop operations to isolate problem segment(s) of self-healing loops Include load shedding to - allow use of a rotating list of loads to be shed for continued operation at a reduced capacity until source returns or equipment is reset or repairs are completed Transfer all present SDG&E loads on site to SDIA system 6
Project Objectives cont d Complete operational control and report generation through a dedicated SCADA system Provide staff the ability to isolate any portion of the system to perform maintenance or emergency repairs Continuously record synchrophasor data for operations analysis, trending and troubleshooting Monitor conductor duct bank temperature as feedback for dynamic rating 7
Background SDIA has two 12.0kV preferred services from SDG&E, each rated at 10MW peak (15 minute demand period) by contract. Alternate service is 5MW peak The SDG&E services terminate in a single building the Electrical Vault. It is a Main A-tie-Main C-tie-Main B setup of 2000 amp, 15kV, metal clad switchgear, six feeders each in Main A & Main B SDIA has a Central Utilities Plant (CUP), but no central backup power system. They have smaller diesel units for several facilities, but most do not. Three 12kV connection points are available for roll-up generation in a long-term outage. 8
Background cont d SDIA has a maximum peak coincident demand of about 7.1 MVA serving Terminal 1, Terminal 2, CUP and the Commuter Terminal, plus misc. small facilities The airport is a night peaking load, generally 4-6 AM, as the terminals come alive for the day. Present power system has four (4) primary selective Automatic Throw Over (ATO) switchgear units. Relays are SEL 451 s and each G&W Electric ATO has two motorized line switches and two or three vacuum load interrupters 9
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Power System Planning Study Previous recent 12kV Conversion project had accurate data on system equipment, circuits and relaying Computer model created with SKM PTW V.7 which adds PV solar sources. SDIA Planning Department provided future projects data and timing. Multiple changes in planned project loads and timing. SDG&E updated 12kV main service parameters and usage for tenant loads to be converted to the SDIA system Multiple load scenarios were developed for each 5-year interval of the 20-year plan. Looked at adding capacitors SDG&E and airport side Scenarios included the five loops planned for the site: Terminal 1, Terminal 2, CUP, Perimeter & Smart Curb 12
NEW Rent-a-Car Center Under Ground Utility Automation 13
North Side Development Under Ground Utility Automation 14
Scenario Load Table Under Ground Utility Automation 15
SDIA UG FEEDER LOOPS Under Ground Utility Automation 16
Typical Duct Bank Drawing Under Ground Utility Automation 17
Power System Planning Study - Results Peak coincident demand predicted to grow from 7.1 MVA today to 24MVA by 2035 a factor of 3.4 Peak coincident demand predicted with Green Build Project and conversions is 15.1 MVA in 2015 Maximum combined capacity two SDG&E feeders is 24MVA; which is predicted to be reached by SDIA by 2035 By 2025 an additional SDG&E source will be needed for the Perimeter Loop on the north side of the airport or sooner if load growth accelerates 18
Power System Planning Study Results cont d Voltage support (capacitor banks) needed on SDG&E and SDIA systems Some circuit cable ampacity ratings will be reached by 2025, load shifting will be needed Perimeter Loop may need parallel set of conductors or express feeder to handle load growth before 2025, two spare 6 conduits were added to east side of loop 19
Power System Configuration Two SDG&E 10MW sources and one alternate 5MW source Main-tie-Main-tie-Main switchgear with five 5 feeders each on two buses to open loops SCADA continuously knows the state of the system. Always keeps one switch in the loop open must not tie SDG&E sources together Loops are not cross-connected, independent No loads taken directly from loop circuits, always beyond an interrupter, especially PV solar, standby gens ATO s provide two or three load take-off points; interrupter open/close/trip function through local SEL 451 relay and interface to SCADA Fiber optic cable follows power path, local to every ATO. 20
SDIA One-Line Diagram Under Ground Utility Automation 21
ATO One Line Diagram Under Ground Utility Automation 22
ATO LOCATIONS Under Ground Utility Automation 23
By The Numbers: 750 kcm, AL, 15kV Cable: 50,000 circuit ft. 250 kcm, AL, 15kV Cable: 2,321 circuit ft. #4/0 AWG, AL, 15kV Cable: 12,426 circuit ft. ATOs (Existing, reconfigured): 4 ATOs (New): 12 ATOs (Future): 3 SEL 451 Relays: 48 12kV Manholes/Pullboxes Installed: 90 New Transformers: 22, total of 11,200 kva Trenching: 40,800 ft., various widths 24
SDIA Power System SCADA Overview SCADA will control and monitor the operation of 12kV power distribution system within the SDIA including: Line Switches, Load Interrupters, and Circuit Breakers IEDs, Battery and UPS systems Power Metering Facility Substation Transformers Utility and Alternative Power Systems Communications, Cables, Ancillary Devices, and Environmental Conditions 25
SDIA Power System SCADA Overview SDIA Power System SCADA was designed around hardware and software manufactured by Schweitzer Engineering Laboratories Inc. The intent is to minimize the use of 3rd party applications as an integral part of SDIA Power System SCADA. Implement Utility Grade Solutions, onsite service and Warranty 26
SDIA Power System SCADA Architecture Five (5) Main Categories Power system protective relaying, devices and equipment control and monitoring Data collection and device synchronization Human Machine Interface (data display and operation, trending, report generation, data storage) Secured Interface between SCADA and SDIA Facility Business Network and Remote Engineering Support Access Mass Notification, CMMS, and Asset Management Systems 27
SDIA Power System SCADA Architecture Topology Under Ground Utility Automation 28
SCADA FO Loop Under Ground Utility Automation 29
SCADA - ATO Interface Signals Under Ground Utility Automation 30
SCADA-ATO Interconnection Wiring Under Ground Utility Automation 31
SDIA Power System SCADA Architecture HMI Example Under Ground Utility Automation 32
SDIA Power System SCADA Architecture Stand Alone SDIA Power System SCADA will not reside on the SDIA Airport BMS Facility Network SDIA Power System SCADA will be installed as a stand-alone LAN with one (1) secured and continuous interface with SDIA Airport Facility Network Dedicated Fiber Optic cable on path with each power loop 33
SDIA Power System SCADA Architecture Functionality Monitor and Control 12kV Power Distribution System Display Power Device and Equipment Operating Status and Power Data Perform Power Device and Equipment Control (open/close, reset) Collect Data and Display Power Trends (kw, kv, PF, Load Amps, Cable Temperature) Display and Print Critical Alarms Trend, Display and Print Critical Synchronized Sequence of Events Display and Print Power Data Reports 34
SDIA Power System SCADA Architecture Functionality Implement automatic system recovery and load shedding in the event of a system fault, or loss of power source (utility or alternative power source). Support maintenance Integrate SCADA with existing Management Systems including Energy Metering, CMMS, Asset Management, and Mass Notification Manage data and information exchange with internal Stakeholders (BMS) Coordinate Data and Information Exchange with SDG&E if required 35
SDIA Power System SCADA Architecture Functionality Support communication between Programmable Intelligent Devices (IED)s, Automatic Controller, HMI Control and View Nodes, and Printers over the Power System LAN Support secured communication between Power System LAN and Airport Facility Network and SEL Engineer Remote Access 36
SDIA Power System SCADA Architecture Functionality Support remote Web-based Access Support SCADA ihistorian and Administration (i.e. Open Development of Data Collection, Reporting, CMMS and Asset Management and data exchange with Airport Facility Network) Scalability supporting system expansion (i.e. addition of future devices, IEDs, control and view nodes, inputs/outputs, displays, trends, alarms, security, passwords, and configurations) 37
Power System SCADA Architecture Main components SEL -3530 Real-Time Automation Controllers: Redundant controllers located within 12kV Main Switchgear Vault Building providing centralized control, monitoring, and data acquisition across the Power System SCADA Local Area Network (LAN). 38
Power System SCADA Architecture Main Components SEL -3354 Embedded Automation Computing Platform Controller: Located within 12kV Main Switchgear Building for local hardened operator interface, and concentration of synchrophaser (event) data from IEDS and interface with SCADA HMI(s). 39
Power System SCADA Architecture Main Components SEL -3620 Managed switch: Router providing virtual private network (VPN) endpoint, and firewall security for Serial and Ethernet-based network communication systems. 40
Power System SCADA Architecture Main Components SEL-2407 satellite-synchronized clock: Clock supporting the synchronization of time between controllers and IEDs as part of implementing synchrophaser functionality (relay event correlation, data generation and collection). Main Switchgear Vault Bldg (2) T2W Electrical Switchgear Room 41
Power System SCADA Architecture Main Components IEDs Intelligent electronic devices SEL-451: Protective relaying and signal interface performing automatic protective control and monitoring for, automatic throw-over (ATO) pad mounted switches and breakers and supporting synchronized event data collection and display. 42
Power System SCADA Architecture Main Components IEDs Intelligent electronic devices SEL- 2240: Performing as remote IO assembly for the monitoring and controlling of various discrete signals (intrusion, open, close, opened, closed, fault, tripped, alarm, lockout) 43
Power System SCADA Architecture Main Components Network Ring- SEL ICON supports single or multiple ring network topologies with single- or Dual-interconnection ties between rings. If a fiber fails in a ring network, traffic switches in less than 5 milliseconds. In addition to ring network topologies, point-to-point and linear configurations are also supported. 44
Power System SCADA Architecture Main Components HMI Workstations HMI Computers ihistorian Server(s) 45
Power System SCADA Architecture Main Components Outdoor Control Cabinets: support the mounting and provide environmental protection for controllers, communication devices, IEDs, DC Control Power, UPS, and other ancillary devices at each ATO. 46
Power System SCADA Architecture Main Components Software: SEL acselerator TEAM suite of software products to provide custom data and event report collection 47
Power System SCADA Architecture Main Components Software: Synchrophaser suite of software products developed to provide for remote visualizing and analyzing of realtime streaming data and archived data 48
49 Power System SCADA Architecture Control Modes Local-Manual Control Local-Automatic Control Local Manual Control: Power system protective devices and equipment will have a method of local manual control supporting maintenance and operations during emergency situations when IEDs and RTACs are not available for operation. Local Automatic Control: All power system protective devices and equipment will include local automatic control based upon programmed parameters within IEDS to open and close protective devices and equipment in the event of programmed conditions and events (overload, short circuit, cable fault, voltage unbalances, equipment failure).
Power System SCADA Architecture Control Modes Remote Manual Control Remote Automatic Control Remote Manual Control: This mode will allow protective devices and equipment to be manually operated (open-closed) by Operators via secured password protected HMIs. Remote Automatic Control: The RTAC control system will automatically adjust/operate power system devices and equipment to isolate fault conditions, sequence the transfer of loads between utility and additional sources of power, and perform load shedding. 50
51 SDIA Power System SCADA Data Points 12kV Main Switchgear and Electrical Room Meter Data, Breaker Open-Close, Trip, Fault Status, & Open-Close Commands Circuit Current, Voltage, Power, PF Room Temperature DC Control Voltage, Alarm, UPS Battery On and Alarms Fire Alarm, Cabinet Intrusion
SDIA Power System SCADA Data Points 12kV ATOs Line Switch & Load Interrupter Open-Close, Trip, Fault Status, & Open-Close Commands Ductbank Temp Control Panel Temp DC Control Voltage, Alarm, Circuit Current, Voltage, Power, PF 52
SDIA Power System SCADA Data Points 12kV Substation Transformers Transformer Alarms, Oil Pressure High, Low Oil, High Temperature (where available). 53
SDIA Power System SCADA HMI Display Screen Navigation Display Device Operating Status (Opened/Closed, Fault, Alarm, Trouble, On/Off) Display Device Value Indication (Voltage, Current, Temperature, kw, kwh, PF, Date-Time, Quantity) Device Control (Open/Close, Sequence Priority Selections) Consistent look across HMI control and view nodes 54
Alarm Notification and Display Real-Time Alarms & Summary Alarm History Automated Alarm Printing SDIA Power System SCADA HMI 55
SDIA Power System SCADA HMI Data Collection Log data at various configured intervals. Log Analog and Discrete data. Data will be generated and transferred in ODBC format (SQL) allowing for 3 rd party retrieval and data manipulation. 56
SDIA Power System SCADA Trends and Synchrophaser Event Capture 57
SDIA Power System SCADA HMI Report Generation - ability to access data and configure reports to generate Daily, Weekly, Monthly, Yearly (max, min, average values). May be implemented using 3 rd party software such as Crystal Reports, Microsoft Visual Basic and Excel. 58
Security SDIA Power System SCADA HMI Ability to administer various levels of security through password management. Ability to administer and monitor power LAN and exchange with SDIA Facility Network. 59
SDIA Power System & SCADA Challenges 1. On-Airport meter data collection private accounts 2. Forecasting load data for expansion projects 3. Developing technical requirements between multiple Authority departments 4. Multiple on-going projects ahead of us but required to build portions of our ductbank before our design is complete 5. Management /staff understanding the size and complexity of the expanded power system and needing to think and act like a utility company 60
San Diego International Airport: Building For The Future, Through Underground Distribution Automation and SCADA Questions and Answers?