Introduction to C Programming 計算機程式設計

Transcription

1 Introduction to C Programming 計算機程式設計 2/22/2012 朱浩華 Today s Do List Course Overview (20 minutes) Setup computer accounts Hello world! CodeBlocks program (30 minutes) Overviews of Computers and Programming (50 minutes) 1 2 Course Goals Course Topics First course in programming language for non CSIE majors Learning Learn how to become a good C programmer Able to use the programming skill to solve problems in your fields of studies. Computer language is a lot simpler than natural language such as Chinese (because machines are dump) Limited vocabulary (< 100 constructs) Simple grammar (plural, singular, ) No ambiguity (e.g., present the present) 3 Cover as much as C programming as possible (adjust based on progress) Basics Selection structures (if else, switch) Repetition and Loop (for, while, do) Modular programming & pointers Simple and Complex Data types (arrays) Strings Recursion Structure and Union Types File processing (<stdio.h>) Linked list 4 Prerequisite Textbook Good typing skill Non CSIE major Read some English Problem Solving and Program Design in C, 6 th Edition, Jeri R. Hanly and Eliot B. Koffman 5 6 1

2 Course Format Weekly take home programming assignments (13) Midterm exam Fixed date 4/25/2012 in class Offer once only Final exam Fixed date: 6/20/2012 in class Offer once only Grading (Tentative) Tentative means that it may be changed later 33%: 13 assignments 33%: Midterm exam 33%: Final exam 7 8 Teaching Staff Instructor: Hao Chu ( 朱浩華 ) hchu@csie.ntu.edu.tw Office: CSIE 518 Weekly office hours: Thu 2 3:30 pm TA: TimeString ( 何柏樟 ) the master programmer timestringalpha@gmail.com Office: CSIE 336 Weekly office hours:? Means of Communications Course homepage: Send to TA or me Come to office hours 9 10 Lecture Notes Available on the course homepage prior to each lecture Complement, not replacement for attending lecture We will do plenty of programming practices during classes Roster call to see who are here and how many extra students we can take

3 Questions on the Administrative Things? 13 Before writing your 1 st program Hand out computer accounts What is a program? A sequence of instructions that the computer executes What is and isn t a program? Will use CodeBlocks to write programs. IDE (Integrated Development Environment) Aprogram that makes it easy for you to write programs Actually contains many programs A word processor: like MS Words A compiler: translate your text program into machine executable code A debugger: test the correctness of a program 14 Hello World with CodeBlocks Make sure your computer has CodeBlocks installed Switch to programming screen Create a new project called helloworld Type in the Hello World program Click on Build > Build and run Overview of Computers and Programs Chapter Computer Hardware PC Motherboard

4 Hardware vs. Software Hello World software program executed on the PC hardware A bit of Hardware memory What is memory? Consists of memory cells like a pill box Each memory cell stores content or data (0s and 1s) Each memory cell has an address (like the day) Bits and Bytes Bt A bit stores one binary digits (0 or 1). A byte = 8 bits (one char, like A) Memory storage units Term Abbrev. Equivalent to Comparison to Power of 10 Bit b Byte B 8 bits Kilobyte KB 1024 (2 10 ) bytes bt > How big is 4GB (Gigabyte)? 4 * 10 9 bytes Megabyte MB 1,048,576 (2 20 ) bytes Gigabyte GB 1,073,741,824 (2 30 ) bytes Terabyte TB 1,099,511,627,776 (2 40 ) bytes > 10 6 > 10 9 > googol Main memory vs. secondary storage Directory vs. file Main memory: data loss after power loss Secondary storage (harddisk, flash): no data loss after power loss

5 What is CPU (Central Processing Unit)? It executes instructions (e.g., in your program) Computer Languages High level languages More like English, easier to program C, Java, Objective C, Machine language Made up of 0/1s, not easy to read Compiler (the build command in CodeBlocks) Translate high level language to machine language