Indicate the answer choice that best completes the statement or answers the question. Enter the appropriate word(s) to complete the statement.

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1 1. C#, C++, C, and Java use the symbol as the logical OR operator. a. $ b. % c. ^ d. 2. errors are relatively easy to locate and correct because the compiler or interpreter you use highlights every error. a. Input b. Logic c. Syntax d. Process 3. Programmers use the term to describe programs that are well designed and easy to understand and maintain. a. industrial b. intractable c. well behaved d. elegant 4. A(n) is another name for a subscript. a. index b. place holder c. pointer d. sequence 5. When using a bubble sort to sort a 10-element array, on the fourth pass through the array list you detect that no swap has occurred. This indicates. a. you must make one more pass through the array b. you must make a total of 10 passes through the array c. all elements in the array are already in the correct order d. the elements in the array were badly out of order 6. The NOT operator is a operator, meaning it takes only one operand. 7. When creating a truth table, you must determine how many possible Boolean value combinations exist for the conditions. If there are two conditions, combinations will exist. a. two b. four c. eight d Because they enable you to locate a particular record directly (without reading all of the preceding records), random access files are also called files. a. sequential access b. pointed access c. indirect access d. direct access 9. You can perform a by making comparisons using either the lowest or highest value in a range of values. a. logic check b. trivial expression c. range check d. nested if 10. When mathematicians use a two-dimensional array, they often call it a or a table. Copyright Cengage Learning. Powered by Cognero. Page 1

2 a. square b. vector c. grid d. matrix 11. A bubble sort is sometimes called a. a. compare sort b. dropping sort c. sinking sort d. pair sort 12. if-else examples can also be called because they contain the action taken when the tested condition is true and the action taken when it is false. a. do loops b. repetition c. dual-alternative selections d. single-alternative selections 13. In a truth table, the expression is false. a. false OR false b. false OR true c. true OR true d. true OR false 14. Use a counter or a(n) to control a loop s repetitions. a. sentinel variable b. end value c. end statement d. sentinel value 15. Programmers say that variables and constants declared within a module are only within that module. a. in reference b. abstracted c. in scope d. out of scope 16. A allows users to interact with a program in a graphical environment. a. command line b. GCI c. CGI d. GUI 17. When businesses store data items on computer systems, they are often stored in a framework called the data that describes the relationships between data components. 18. Whole number variables are known as variables. 19. The amount by which a for loop control variable changes is often called a value. a. group b. key c. step d. sentinel 20. A(n) is a program that you use to create simple text files. a. text editor b. IDE c. GUI d. GDE Copyright Cengage Learning. Powered by Cognero. Page 2

3 21. One advantage to using a named constant is that the statement becomes. a. self-referencing b. self-mitigating c. self-perpetuating d. self-documenting 22. tasks include any steps you must perform at the beginning of a program to get ready for the rest of the program. 23. When the records in a file are sorted in order from lowest to highest values, the records are in order. a. descending b. merged c. bubble d. ascending 24. A(n) is any numeric variable you use to count the number of times an event has occurred. a. counter b. index c. key d. accumulator 25. A(n) is a small unit of storage that, for example, holds only one character in a simple text file. 26. When you use an index, you can store records on a storage device. a. sequential-access b. linear-access c. random-access d. uniform-access 27. The file holds temporary data that is used to update the master file. a. directory b. database c. merge d. transaction 28. Programmers say the statements that are contained in a module have been. a. embedded b. modularized c. encapsulated d. decomposed 29. Pseudocode uses the end-structure statement to clearly show where the structure ends. a. end b. endstructure c. endif d. endloop 30. Named hold values that do not change during a program s execution. a. objects b. items c. constants d. variables Copyright Cengage Learning. Powered by Cognero. Page 3

4 31. Usually, when you create nested loops, each loop has its own. a. sentinel value b. loop control variable c. entrance condition d. goto statement 32. The case structure is a variation of the structure. a. selection b. while c. sequence d. do Match each term with a statement below. a. Reliability b. Declaration c. Echoing input d. String variable e. Identifier f. Prompt g. Variables h. Data dictionary i. Numeric variable j. Type-safety 33. Named memory locations whose contents can vary or differ over time 34. The act of repeating input back to a user either in a subsequent prompt or in output 35. A list of every variable name used in a program, along with its type, size, and description 36. A program component s name 37. A statement that provides a data type and an identifier for a variable 38. The feature of programming languages that prevents assigning values of an incorrect data type 39. Can hold digits and have mathematical operations performed on it 40. The feature of programs that assures you a module has been tested and proven to function correctly 41. Can hold text, such as letters of the alphabet, and other special characters, such as punctuation marks 42. A message that is displayed on a monitor to ask the user for a response and perhaps explain how that response should be formatted 43. is processing that involves performing the same tasks with many records, one after the other. a. Online processing b. Volume processing c. Batch processing d. Standard processing Copyright Cengage Learning. Powered by Cognero. Page 4

5 44. A loop within another loop is known as a(n) loop. a. infinite b. hidden c. indefinite d. nested 45. In a, the loop body executes at least one time because the loop control variable is not tested until after one iteration. a. posttest loop b. loop control c. pretest loop d. nested loop 46. Before a programmer plans the logic of the program, he or she must. a. test the program b. understand the problem c. write the program code d. maintain the program 47. The process of naming program variables and assigning a type to them is called variables. a. identifying b. proclaiming c. initializing d. declaring 48. A(n) is a location on your computer screen where you type text entries to communicate with the computer s operating system. a. GCI b. command line c. communication line d. input line 49. The first step in a while loop is typically to. a. execute the body of the loop b. initialize the loop control variable c. increment the loop control variable d. compare the loop control variable to a constant value 50. can ensure that a value is the correct data type or that it falls within an acceptable range. 51. Every array has a(n) size. a. infinite b. finite c. constant d. variable 52. In its simplest form, creating a(n) list involves creating one extra field in every record of stored data. 53. When you search through a list from one end to the other, you are performing a. Copyright Cengage Learning. Powered by Cognero. Page 5

6 a. quadratic search b. single lookup c. linear search d. binary search 54. A error results when you use a syntactically correct statement but use the wrong one for the current context. a. programming b. semantic c. logical d. syntax 55. Programmers employ the acronym to mean that if your input is incorrect, your output is worthless. a. IIOW b. IBOW c. GIGO d. GIGS 56. Adding to a variable is called the variable. Match each term with a statement below. a. linear search b. out of bounds c. flag d. parallel arrays e. array f. element g. for loop h. named constant i. binary search j. populating the array 57. Each separate item in an array 58. A series of values in computer memory 59. With a(n), you perform an action or task, and then you perform the next action, in order. a. loop sequence b. ordered structure c. sequence structure d. sequence problem 60. Both operands in a comparison expression must be the same. a. value b. name c. length d. data type Copyright Cengage Learning. Powered by Cognero. Page 6

PLD Semester Exam Study Guide Dec. 2018

PLD Semester Exam Study Guide Dec. 2018 Covers material from Chapters 1-8. Semester Exam will be built from these questions and answers, though they will be re-ordered and re-numbered and possibly worded slightly differently than on this study