IBM z/os V1R13 XL C/C++

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1 IBM z/os V1R13 XL C/C++ Enable high-performing z/os XL C/C++ programs for workload optimized business software solutions Highlights v Enhances system programming capabilities by adding advanced optimization options for METAL C to significantly improve the speed of METAL C programs and improve performance without code changes, and METAL C programming features to reduce system programming effort v Exploits zenterprise system servers through new hardware built-ins and multiply and add in hexadecimal floating-mode for improved application performance v Provides improved feedback through informational messages displayed by default in z/os UNIX System Services (USS) v Reduces application effort and improves productivity through new C++ programming features v Continues to enable ease of application migration to System z through new source compatibility features v Provides easier access to debug information for debug files v Improves debugging of development-time programs to more closely align with production programs v Integrates with IBM Rational Developer for System z and IBM Rational Team Concert providing a modern development environment and a collaborative team environment The IBM z/os XL C/C++ compiler helps you create and maintain critical business applications written in C or C++, maximize application performance, and improve developer productivity. z/os XL C/C++ can transform C or C++ source code to fully exploit your existing IBM System z hardware and optimize workloads through smarter computing capabilities with the new IBM zenterprise System. Built-in functions, performance-tuned libraries, and language constructs are some of the features that simplify programming and boost application runtime performance. IBM works constantly to improve compiler components, including front-ends, high-level optimizers, and low-level optimizers. By upgrading your compiler, you can keep up with new language standards and extensions, advancements in hardware technology, usability features, and advances in optimization with minimal or no source code changes. IBM compilers offer a cost-effective way to get more out of existing technology and stay ahead of competitors on the technology curve. z/os XL C/C++ is a leading-edge, z/os-based compiler that maximizes middleware by providing access to IBM DB2, CICS, and IMS systems. This new release of z/os V1R13 XL C/C++, reinforces the continuing IBM commitment to the C/C++ programming language on the z/os platform. Enables system programming capabilities through METAL C System programming allows for development of freestanding programs that do not depend on any supplied runtime environment, such as Language Environment. These programs obtain the system services needed by calling assembler services directly. You can use the METAL C feature of z/os XL C in place of assembler for development of system programs. METAL C includes the following capabilities: v The asm keyword enables you to specify assembly instructions in C code. v The METAL Compiler option enables you to use the MVS system linkage conventions. v The PROLOG and EPILOG compiler options and the #pragma prolog() and #pragma epilog() preprocessor directives enable you to specify

2 custom HLASM prolog and epilog code, to implement custom function linkage conventions if required. System programs written in C, exploit the same advancements in hardware and advances in performance optimization realized by application programs coded in C. METAL C can also be used to write programs to run in the CICS Transaction Server for z/os, particularly in situations where you would otherwise code directly using assembler. Improves the optimization of METAL C programs through advanced optimization options for METAL C The HOT (high-order loop analysis and transformation) optimizer is a specialized loop transformation optimizer. Loops typically account for the majority of the execution time of most applications and the HOT optimizer performs in-depth analysis of loops to minimize their execution time. Loop optimization techniques include: interchange, fusion, unrolling of loop nests, and reducing the use of temporary arrays. In z/os V1R13 the HOT compiler option enables the optimizer to perform specialized loop transformation to generate more highly optimized code, which in turn will speed up the execution time of loops in the program. As most programs spend a lot of their time in loops, this optional optimization can provide strong benefits in execution time. Interprocedural analysis (IPA) enables the compiler to optimize across different files (whole-program analysis), and can result in significant performance improvements. In z/os V1R13, the addition of IPA optimizations to METAL C allows similar performance gains for non-metal C programs to be achieved for METAL C programs. Makes it easy to identify C functions and their associated properties when scanning binary code It is often desirable to find the function name associated with the binary code, for example in the dump. It may also be useful to find the properties of the function in association with how it is compiled, for example 64-bit or 32-bit code. In z/os V1R13 the METAL C code adds per-function property data that you can use to help identify the C functions and their associated properties when code scanning or dump reading. This data is called Function Property Block (FPB) and can be found through the new Function Entry Point Marker placed immediately before each function s entry point. Makes it easy to point to additional functional data In z/os V1R13 there is a reliable way of reserving a field of the size of a pointer, for example, 4-bytes for AMODE 31 and 8-bytes for AMODE 64, on the stack. This added functionality can enable cleaner and easier to read user source code, enhancing maintainability. Simplifies METAL C programming with automatic argument parsing The standard C convention for passing in arguments to a program at program invocation consists of passing in the number of arguments (argument count) in an int type and then an array of strings/char arrays, of values (argument values) as local variables to the main entry point function. In z/os V1R13, METAL C supports the generation of argument parsing code conditionally. This provides wider flexibility and allows any existing program specific argument parsing to remain in effect if needed, while providing the functionality by default for ease of use. You can use automatic argument parsing to ease the programming burden and to simplify developing new programs or porting existing programs to METAL C. Exploits zenterprise System Servers through new built-in functions and options In the z/os V1R13 XL C/C++ September 2012 PTF, there is a new ARCH(10) option to enable functions for programs running on zenterprise EC12 System servers, including support for the 2

3 execution-hint facility, the load-and-trap facility, the miscellaneous-instruction-extension facility, and the transactional-execution facility, as well as a new TUNE(10) option to generate code that is optimized for zec12 machines. New built-in functions have been added to mark the beginning and end of transactions, and to diagnose the reasons for failure. Supported transaction memory built-in functions are: v TM_simple_begin v TM_begin v TM_end v TM_abort v TM_named_abort v TM_nesting_depth v TM_non_transactional_store v TM_is_user_abort v TM_is_named_user_abort v TM_is_illegal v TM_is_footprint_exceeded v TM_is_nested_too_deep v TM_is_conflict v TM_is_failure_persistent v TM_failure_address v TM_failure_code In z/os V1R13 there are new ARCH(9) functions for programs running on zenterprise System servers, including support for the interlocked storage access instructions, and for Multiply and Add in hexadecimal floating-mode with new FLOAT(MAF) and FLOAT(HEX) option combination. Simplifies programming with access to interlocked storage access instructions A built-in function is inline code that is generated in place of an actual function call. The hardware built-in functions send requests to the compiler to use instructions that are not typically generated by the compiler. In z/os V1R13 interlocked-storage-access instructions, available on models where the interlocked-access-facility is installed, provide a means by which a load, update and store operation can be performed with interlocked update in a single instruction. Supported interlocked-storage-access instructions are: v Load and Add (LAA, LAAG) v Load and Add Logical (LAAL, LAALG) v Load and And (LAN, LANG) v Load and Exclusive Or (LAX, LAXG) v Load and Or (LAO, LAOG) v Load Pair Disjoint (LPD, LPDG) These new ARCH(9) functions allow you to generate these instructions for programs running on zenterprise System servers. Delivers single instruction hexadecimal floating point calculations The FLOAT compiler option enables you to speed up or improve the accuracy of floating-point calculations. The suboption MAF (multiply add float) makes floating-point calculations faster and more accurate by using floating-point multiply-add instructions where appropriate. The suboption HEX instructs the compiler to generate hexadecimal floating-point formatted numbers and instructions. Up until now MAF was only available for FLOAT(IEEE). In z/os V1R13 MAF is available for FLOAT(HEX) at ARCHITECTURE(9) level and higher. The compiler can now generate fused multiply and add instructions for hexadecimal floating point calculations. Provides improved feedback through informational messages displayed by default in z/os UNIX System Services (USS) In USS, the default for the FLAG option was W (warnings and higher are displayed). This could cause you to miss potentially helpful diagnostics (especially using the INFO option). In z/os V1R13, FLAG(I) is now the default in z/os USS for consistency with batch compilations. Now you can see any potential problems without having to remember to change the FLAG option to I in USS. 3

4 Reduces application effort and improves productivity through new programming features Each release of the z/os XL C/C++ compiler improves usability by making it easier for you to work with the compiler, and thus be more productive. Besides all the METAL C programming features mentioned above, in z/os V1R13, you have increased C++ template control using the option TEMPLATEDEPTH. Using this option you can specify the maximum number of recursively instantiated template specializations to be processed by the compiler. This option prevents the compiler from entering infinite loops while instantiating improperly written user template code and allows more recursive instantiations to compile where user template code is carefully crafted. Continues to enable ease of application migration to System z through new source compatibility features Several new programming features enable easier porting of C/C++ applications to z/os. Function attributes (gnu_inline, used, malloc) The function attribute gnu_inline means you can use pre-c99 GCC inline behavior while the function attribute used marks a function as used so it is not removed. The function attribute malloc means that any non-null pointer returned cannot alias any other pointer that is valid at the time of a function call. Having these features makes code porting easier to System z. The function attribute malloc can also help increase runtime performance. INFO/CHECKOUT defaults Some of the default suboptions for INFO and CHECKOUT (deprecated) have changed to avoid emitting non-problem messages and to make CHECKOUT more similar to INFO. Using the ALL suboption will now no longer emit preprocessing trace information by default and instead only the potential non-aliasing error cases. By changing the defaults for CHECKOUT to match INFO, you can expect more useful messages to be emitted and to help port code to System z. Temporary lifetime extensions (C++ only) This feature is used to extend the lifetime of C++ temporaries beyond that specified by the C++ language standard in 12.2 [class.temporary]. When enabled, the lifetime of temporaries shall be treated as local variables declared in the inner-most containing lexical scope where possible. This feature is useful when you port an application, which might implement late temporary destruction, and you want to extend the lifetime of such temporaries in order to replicate the previous non-standard compliant behavior. This feature might also be helpful when a program incorrectly depends on resources, which might have been previously released. Intrinsic complex types added to C++ The complex types, float _Complex, double _Complex and long double _Complex are provided by the XL C/C++ compiler as built-in types, according to ISO/IEC 9899:1999 standard. Programs with built-in complex types can now be compiled with C++. There is no need to convert intrinsic complex types to Complex class template implementation. Addressable labels In z/os V1R13, addressable labels are supported for the Labels-as-values and Computed-goto features that are implemented by GCC. This feature makes it easier to port code to System z. Standards support (C++0x) trailing return type In z/os V1R13, a new C++0x function, trailing return type is added, whereby the compiler deduces the type of an auto variable from the type of its initializer expression. 4

5 Given an expression such as a*b, where a and b are arbitrary types, type of a*b is not valid. C++0x trailing return type in conjunction with C++0x Decltype removes this limitation. This feature provides the ability to declare function templates whose return type depends on the types of the template arguments. Binding rvalue to non-const reference (C++ only) This feature allows a non-const reference to bind an rvalue only in the declaration of a function parameter or function return type where an initializer is not required and only for user-defined types. Non-compliant compilers might allow a non-const reference to be bound to an rvalue. Text after #endif and #else You can now suppress warnings for text following #endif and #else preprocessing directives. Text is now allowed on the same line after the #endif and #else preprocessing directives. This allows non-standard code to be more easily ported to System z. Provides easier access to debug information for debug files The compiler creates a.dbg file for each compilation unit if the DEBUG compiler option is specified. The path names of all of the.dbg files are then stored in the module, which is an executable file or a DLL. The dbgld command opens all of the.dbg files associated with the module and stores all of the functions, global variables, external types, and source files in a single module map file with a.mdbg extension. In addition, the contents of all of the.dbg files are packaged together into this same.mdbg file. In z/os V1R13, new debugging APIs ddpi_function_get_func_entrypt() and ddpi_function_get_first_stmt_addr() provide easier access to debug information in.mdbg and.dbg files. Improves debugging of development-time programs to more closely align with production programs A hook is a location in a compiled program where the compiler has inserted an instruction that allows you to interrupt a program (by setting breakpoints) for debugging purposes. Up until now, the z/os dbx debugger for C/C++ programs required that the compiler insert Execute (EX) instructions (called hooks) so that the debugger can gain control during program execution to display information about the program and the data it processes. In z/os V1R13, dbx now provides support for debugging programs compiled without hooks, in addition to those compiled with hooks. This support allows you to debug programs whose sizes and performance characteristics are more closely aligned with production programs. Exploits the decimal floating-point unit It is estimated that 55 percent of numeric data in commercial databases is decimal data. Traditional floating-point arithmetic is not sufficient for commercial software. It often leads to unexpected results for values that are inherently decimal, such as monetary values and percentages. Currently, many decimal arithmetic calculations are carried out in software, which is typically estimated to be 10 to 100 times slower than hardware. IBM z10 or later processors leverage a decimal floating-point (DFP) unit. This is designed to bring significant performance and accuracy improvements to commercial software that operates on decimal data. The z/os XL C/C++ compiler exploits the DFP unit. Enables easier porting of C/C++ applications to z/os The IBM z/os XL C compiler conforms to ISO C89 and C99 standards. The XL C++ compiler supports the C standard including the 2003 Technical Corrigendum 1 updates and features of the emerging draft C++0x standard. To handle applications with mixed C and C++ code 5

6 and to include header files that contain C99 language constructs, XL C++ also supports a subset of C99. Augmenting the standardized language levels, the IBM z/os XL C/C++ compiler has implemented selected C and C++ language extensions, such as ones from GNU C and C++. and debug z/os XL C and XL C++ applications right from your workstation. IBM Rational Team Concert, also an Eclipse-based offering, allows you to boost programming productivity with a collaborative team environment that makes it easy to manage your distributed software projects and teams. The z/os XL C/C++ compiler continues to implement additional C++0x features frequently requested by users. C++0x is the working draft of the next C++ programming standard. The following C++0x features are supported: auto type deduction, C99 long long, C99 preprocessor features adopted in C++0x, decltype, delegating constructors, explicit instantiation declarations, extended friend declarations, inline namespace definitions, static assertion, and variadic templates. Integrates with IBM Rational Developer for System z and IBM Rational Team Concert providing a modern development environment and a collaborative team environment IBM Rational Developer for System z, an Eclipse-based offering, boosts programming productivity with an integrated development environment that makes it easy to edit, compile License options To help you optimize software licensing costs, IBM can assist in identifying the licenses that best suits your organization. For additional information on the types of licenses available for z/os, see: Ordering Information IBM z/os XL C/C++ is an optional priced feature of z/os. z/os XL C/C++ is available through the ShopzSeries web site: ShopzSeries at www14.software.ibm.com/webapp/shopzseries/shopzseries.jsp where it is listed as z/os V1 C/C++ without Debug. Summary of features and benefits 6

7 The following table summarizes the features and benefits for z/os XL C/C++. Table 1. Summary of features and benefits Feature Benefit Designed for IBM platforms Exploits z/architecture Industry language standards compliance v Facilitates porting from other platforms to z/os Industry-leading optimizers Maximizes middleware Improved debug information and debug APIs Improved low-level programming support Exploits hardware support for IEEE 754 decimal floating-point data v Provides compiler diagnostics to help you achieve the level of conformance to a particular programming language standard v Supports commonly used IBM and non-ibm language extensions Uses technology from the industry-leading XL C/C++ family of compilers; z/os XL C/C++ is designed to offer superior application performance on z/os. Exploits the latest middleware (DB2, CICS, IMS) to facilitate application integration and modernization. Enables tool providers (including Debug Tool, Application Performance Analyzer, z/os dbx, as well as third-party tools) to build additional capability and improved performance in their tools. Provides system programming capabilities through METAL C. With METAL C you can insert HLASM instructions into C source, specify custom function prologs and epilogs, and generate HLASM source, making it easier to integrate new code with existing HLASM programs. Improves the accuracy and performance of decimal floating-point calculations for commercial applications Built-in functions v Provides access to the newest and most efficient hardware operations at the source level Integrated development environment Collaborative team environment v Simplifies the development effort for creating and maintaining high-performance applications Rational Developer for System z (separate product) boosts developer productivity by making it easy to edit, compile, and debug C/C++ applications from your workstation. Rational Team Concert (separate product) unifies development teams by making it easy to manage your distributed software projects and teams. IBM service and support v Provides responsive platform and cross-platform support that meets or exceeds customer expectations. Software requirements v Teams with subject matter experts in compiler development for dedicated support excellence. The following table presents the software requirements for z/os V1R13 XL C/C++. Table 2. Software requirements Operating system Software Hardware z/os V1R13 z/os V1R13 XL C/C++ 7

8 Upgrade now Upgrade to the latest z/os operating system and get the latest XL C/C++ compiler to leverage your zenterprise investment and stay ahead of competitors on the technology curve. sofware/awdtools/czos. For more information To learn more about z/os V1R13 XL C/C++, contact your IBM representative or IBM Business Partner, or visit the z/os XL C/C++ web site at: z/os V1R13 XL C/C++ at awdtools/czos. 8

9 Copyright IBM Corporation IBM Corporation Software Group Route 100 Somers, NY U.S.A. Produced in the United States of America September 2012 All Rights Reserved IBM, the IBM logo, ibm.com, CICS, DB2, IMS, Rational, Rational Team Concert, System z, z/architecture, z/os, z10, and zenterprise are trademarks of International Business Machines Corporation in the United States, other countries, or both. If these and other IBM trademarked terms are marked on their first occurrence in this information with a trademark symbol ( or ), these symbols indicate U.S. registered or common law trademarks owned by IBM at the time this information was published. Such trademarks may also be registered or common law trademarks in other countries. A current list of IBM trademarks is available on the Web at Copyright and trademark information at Java and all Java-based trademarks and logos are trademarks or registered trademarks of Oracle and/or its affiliates. UNIX is a registered trademark of The Open Group in the United States and other countries. Microsoft, Windows, Windows NT, and the Windows logo are trademarks of Microsoft Corporation in the United States, other countries, or both. References in this document to IBM products or services do not imply that IBM intends to make these available in all countries in which IBM operates. Product data has been reviewed for accuracy as of the date of initial publication. Product data is subject to change without notice. Any statements regarding IBM's future direction and intent are subject to change or withdrawal without notice, and represent goals and objectives only. The information provided in this document is distributed as is without any warranty, either express or implied. IBM expressly disclaims any warranties of merchantability, fitness for a particular purpose or non-infringement. IBM products are warranted according to the terms and conditions of the agreements (e.g. IBM Customer Agreement, Statement of Limited Warranty, International Program License Agreement, etc.) under which they are provided. 9

IBM XL C/C++ V2R1M1 web deliverable for z/os V2R1

IBM XL C/C++ V2R1M1 web deliverable for z/os V2R1 IBM XL C/C++ V2R1M1 web delierable for z/os V2R1 Enable high-performing z/os XL C/C++ programs for workload optimized business software solutions Highlights XL C/C++ V2R1M1 web delierable for z/os V2R1