WEATHER RESEARCH AND FORECASTING (WRF) MODELING SYSTEM (ASL 410)

Transcription

1 WEATHER RESEARCH AND FORECASTING (WRF) MODELING SYSTEM (ASL 410)

2 Steps to be done Download the meteorological data Install WRF model and initialize for model run WRF Pre-processing (WPS) WRF model run WRF post-processing Visualize the output of WRF post-processing using GrADS Download weather observations and compare your model results by time-series plot.

3 Web address for meteorological data download:

4 You have to fill up these information to complete the registration (It will take around 24hr to activate your user account)

5 After login to your user account you will see the webpage like below

6 Type FNL inside the box

7 Click on the 1 st link for 1 o x1 o resolution FNL data for WRF-ARW model

8 Click on this link for data access

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11 Click on the year you want to download data

12 Select by clicking on the month you want to download data

13 Select the latest 24hr data by clicking on the boxes on the left side you want to download data Finaly click on this box for downloading the data sets as tar file

14 Click on this box for downloading the data sets as tar file into your PC Now transfer these data sets into CAS server ( ) by using FTP

15 WHAT IS WRF? WRF: Weather Research and Forecasting Model Now with Advanced Research WRF (ARW) and Non-hydrostatic mesoscale model (NMM) dynamic components Its development is led by NCAR/MMM, NOAA/GSD and NOAA/NCEP/EMC with partnerships at AFWA, FAA, NRL and collaborations with universities and other government agencies Includes research and operational models

16 WHAT CAN WRF BE USED FOR? Idealized simulations at many scales (e.g. convection, baroclinic waves, large eddy simulations) Atmospheric physics/parameterization research Data assimilation research Case-study research Real-time NWP and forecast system research Regional climate and seasonal time-scale research Coupled-model (e.g. ocean, chemistry) applications Teaching

17 WHO USES WRF? Academic atmospheric scientists Forecast teams at operational centers Air Quality scientists Others

18 WRF modeling system flowchart Ideal 3D: Suppercell, Baroclinic waves Ideal 2D: Squall line WRF Terrestial data RIP4 WPS WRF Model ARW/NMM Post processing WPP (GrADS, GEMPAK) Real data: NAM, GFS, RUC, NRRP AGRMET (Soil) Real data Initialization WRF-VAR NCL ARWPost (GrADS, Vis 5D)

19 DIFFERENT COMPONENTS OF WPS

20 Download and Building WRF code Get the WRF zipped tar file of WRFV3.1.1 and WPSV3.1.1 from rce.html (No need to download, It is provided at a common location in the server for your use) How to access the Server from outside CAS LAN: I.P. address : First login to IIT server using Putty then access to by using the following command ssh X username@ password: (type ur password)

21 Usernames: grp1, grp2, grp3,, grp20 Passwd: iitdelhi (same for all) Path to access the WRF Tarfiles All tar files are available inside your user account WPSV3.1.1.TAR.gz WRFV3.1.1.TAR.gz ARWpostV2.2.tar.gz You can also download the Meteorological data from the below link WRF should be install first before WPS You can download the WRF-ARW user s guide from the link

22 Unzip and untar the downloaded tar file type the following command $gunzip WRFV3.1.1.TAR.gz and then $tar xvf WRFV3.1.1.TAR (It will create a directory WRFV3/ ) $cd WRFV3 ( you will see the following top level directories) arch/ configure* dyn_exp/ frame/ inc/ Makefile share/ clean* dyn_nmm/ inc/ hys/ Registry test/ compile* main/ dyn_em/ external/ run/ tools/ README README_test_cases README.rsl_output Then configure and compile the WRF model Before configure and compile the WRF model you have to set the paths of compilers and libraries inside.bashrc file

23 vi.bashrc (it will open the bashrc file and edit accordingly and save it) Set PATH for required bin and lib directories PATH=/usr/bin:/opt/NETCDF/intel_NETCDF/bin: :$PATH (here you have to set the path to bin files of all libraries and compilers) LD_LD_LIBRARY_PATH=/lib:/usr/lib:/usr/local/lib:/opt/NETCDF/intel_NETCD F/lib:$LD_LIBRARY_PATH (here you have to set the path to library files of all libraries and compilers) INCLUDE=/usr/include:/opt/mpich2_intel/include:/usr/local/include:/opt/NETCD F/intel_NETCDF/include::/opt/intel/fce/ /lib:$INCLUDE (here you have to set the path to include files of all libraries and compilers) export WRF_EM_CORE=1 export WRF_NMM_CORE=0 Export NETCDF=/opt/NETCDF/intel_NETCDF (the most important library required to run WRF model)

24 ./configure (It will ask to enter one from the following option) Please select from among the following supported platforms. 1. Linux x86_64, PGI compiler with gcc (serial) 2. Linux x86_64, PGI compiler with gcc (smpar) 3. Linux x86_64, PGI compiler with gcc (dmpar) 4. Linux x86_64, PGI compiler with gcc (dm+sm) 5. Linux x86_64 i486 i586 i686, ifort compiler with icc (serial) 6. Linux x86_64 i486 i586 i686, ifort compiler with icc (smpar) 7. Linux x86_64 i486 i586 i686, ifort compiler with icc (dmpar) 8. Linux x86_64 i486 i586 i686, ifort compiler with icc (dm+sm) 9. Linux i486 i586 i686 x86_64, PathScale compiler with pathcc (serial) 10. Linux i486 i586 i686 x86_64, PathScale compiler with pathcc (dmpar) 11. x86_64 Linux, gfortran compiler with gcc (serial) 12. x86_64 Linux, gfortran compiler with gcc (smpar) 13. x86_64 Linux, gfortran compiler with gcc (dmpar) 14. x86_64 Linux, gfortran compiler with gcc (dm+sm) Compile for nesting? (0=no nesting, 1=basic, 2=preset moves, 3=vortex following) [default 0]: 0 (choose 0)

25 Compile WRF for real case $./compile em_real >& compile.log & (To see the background process type the command $ tail f compile.log ) $ ls -ls main/*.exe (check this command after compilation) if you are compiling for a real-data case, you should see ndown.exe, real.exe, and wrf.exe inside the main/ directory after the successful compilation. Building WPS Code gunzip WPSV3.1.1.TAR.gz tar xvf WPSV3.1.1.TAR (It will untar and create a directory WPS/ ) cd WPS Configure and compile WPS

26 $./configure Please select one among the following supported platforms. 1. PC Linux x86_64, Intel compiler serial, NO GRIB2 2. PC Linux x86_64, Intel compiler serial 3. PC Linux x86_64, Intel compiler DM parallel, NO GRIB2 4. PC Linux x86_64, Intel compiler DM parallel 5. PC Linux x86_64 (IA64 and Opteron), PGI compiler 5.2 or higher, serial, NO GRIB2 6. PC Linux x86_64 (IA64 and Opteron), PGI compiler 5.2 or higher, serial 7. Cray XT Linux x86_64 (IA64 and Opteron), PGI compiler 5.2 or higher, DM parallel, NO GRIB2 8. PC Linux x86_64 (IA64 and Opteron), PGI compiler 5.2 or higher, DM parallel, NO GRIB2 9. PC Linux x86_64 (IA64 and Opteron), PGI compiler 5.2 or higher, DM parallel 10. PC Linux x86_64 (IA64 and Opteron), PathScale compiler 2.1 or higher, serial, NO GRIB2 11. PC Linux x86_64 (IA64 and Opteron), PathScale compiler 2.1 or higher, DM parallel, NO GRIB2 $./compile >& compile.log & $ ls -l *.exe (type this command after compilation) you should see geogrid.exe, ungrib.exe, and metgrid.exe files for a successful compilation

27 namelist.wps: parameters setting for WRF preprocessor (WPS) &share wrf_core = 'ARW', max_dom = 1, (for single domain: only edit 1 st column) start_date = ' _00:00:00',' _12:00:00', end_date = ' _00:00:00',' _12:00:00', Change the dates according your case interval_seconds = (Boundary conditions supplied time interval (sec) to the model) io_form_geogrid = 2, / &geogrid parent_id = 1, 1, parent_grid_ratio = 1, 3, i_parent_start = 1, 31, j_parent_start = 1, 17, e_we = 130, 112, (No. of grid points in WE direction) e_sn = 120, 97, (No. of grid points in SN direction) geog_data_res = 10m','2m', (geographical data resolution) dx = 27000, (Horizontal grid resolution (m) in WE direction) dy = 27000, (Horizontal grid resolution (m) in SN direction)

28 Continue map_proj = 'mercator', ref_lat = 16.4, Central latitude ref_lon = 81.3, Central longitude truelat1 = 16.4, 1. Lambert Conformal: truelat2 = 0.0, stand_lon = 81.3, geog_data_path = '/usr/geog (Path of geographical data set) / &ungrib out_format = 'WPS', prefix = 'FILE', / &metgrid fg_name = 'FILE' io_form_metgrid = 2, Horizontal map-coordinate options Mid-latitude applications 2. Polar Stereographic: 3. Mercator: High-latitude applications Low-latitude applications

29 /WPS WRF ARW Initialization for Real Data geogrid.exe geo_em.d01.nc WPS output (met_em.d01) Setup the Vtable for GFS data set $ln -s ungrib/variable_tables/vtable.gfs Vtable Setup the path for the meteorological data $./link_grib.csh /shome/useraccount/fnldata/fnl* real.exe /WRFV3/ test/em_real ungrib.exe FILE:yyyy-mm-dd_hh metgrid.exe met_em.d01.yyyy-mm-dd_hh:mm:ss.nc Wrfinput _d01 Wrfbdy _d01 wrf.exe wrfout_d01_yyyy-mm-dd_hh:mm:ss

30 namelist.input: parameters setting for WRF model run Example for a single domain run: max_dom=1 &time_control run_days = 0, run_hours = 24, run_minutes = 0, run_seconds = 0, start_year = 2011, 2010, 2010, start_month = 11, 01, 01, start_day = 09, 24, 24, start_hour = 00, 00, 00, start_minute = 00, 00, 00, start_second = 00, 00, 00, end_year = 2011, 2010, 2010, end_month = 11, 01, 01, end_day = 10, 25, 25, end_hour = 00, 00, 00, end_minute = 00, 00, 00, end_second = 00, 00, 00, interval_seconds = input_from_file =.true.,.true.,.true., history_interval = 180, 180, 60, frames_per_outfile = 1000, 1000, 1000, restart =.false., restart_interval = 5000, io_form_history = 2

31 Example for a nested run: max_dom=1 &domains time_step = 162, (6*dx(km))sec time_step_fract_num = 0, time_step_fract_den = 1, max_dom = 1, s_we = 1, 1, 1, e_we = 130, 112, 94, s_sn = 1, 1, 1, e_sn = 120, 97, 91, s_vert = 1, 1, 1, e_vert = 28, 28, 28, dx = 27000, 10000, 3333, dy = 27000, 10000, 3333, grid_id = 1, 2, 3, parent_id = 0, 1, 2, i_parent_start = 0, 31, 30, j_parent_start = 0, 17, 30, parent_grid_ratio = 1, 3, 3, parent_time_step_ratio = 1, 3, 3, feedback = 1, smooth_option = 0

32 &physics mp_physics = 4, 5, 5, 5, Micro_physics ra_lw_physics = 1, 1, 1, 1, ra_sw_physics = 1, 1, 1, 1, radt = 10, 10, 10, 10, sf_sfclay_physics = 5, 1, 1, 1, sf_surface_physics = 2, 1, 1, 1, bl_pbl_physics = 5, 1, 1, 1, bldt = 0, 0, 0, 0, cu_physics = 3, 3, 0, 0, Cumulus scheme cudt = 5, 5, 5, 5, isfflx = 1, ifsnow = 0, icloud = 1, surface_input_source = 1, num_soil_layers = 4, sf_urban_physics = 0, maxiens = 1, maxens = 3, maxens2 = 3, maxens3 = 16, ensdim = 144,

33 Microphysics (mp_physics) WRF Parameterizations Kessler scheme: This is used for idealized cloud modeling studies. Warm-rain only no ice (mp_physics=1). Lin et al. scheme: A sophisticated scheme that has ice, snow and graupel processes, suitable for real-data high-resolution simulations (2). WSM 3-class scheme: A simple efficient scheme with ice and snow processes suitable for mesoscale grid sizes (3). WSM-5 class scheme: A slightly more sophisticated version of WSM-3 that allows for mixed-phase processes and super-cooled water (mp_physics=4). Ferrier (New Eta) scheme: The operational microphysics in NCEP models. A simple efficient scheme with diagnostic mixed-phase processes (5). WSM 6-class scheme: A scheme with ice, snow and graupel processes suitable for high-resolution simulations (6). Goddard microphysics scheme: A scheme with ice, snow and graupel processes suitable for high-resolution simulations (7). Thompson et al. graupel scheme: 6-class microphysics with graupel, ice number concentration also predicted (8).

34 Cumulus scheme (cu_physics): Kain-Fritsch scheme: Deep and shallow convection sub-grid scheme using a mass flux approach with downdrafts and CAPE removal time scale (cu_physics = 1). Betts-Miller-Janjic scheme: Operational Eta scheme. Column moist adjustment scheme relaxing towards a well-mixed profile (2). Grell-Devenyi ensemble scheme: Multiple-parameter, explicit updrafts/downdrafts (cu_physics = 3).

35 WRF-Postprocessor-ARWpost ARWpost is the module used in WRF for post-processing the model output -- Necessary software required- GrADS First You have to install GrADS for running ARWpost module unzip and untar the tar file located at /tmp/wrf cd ARWpost./configure Please select from among the following supported platforms. 1. PC Linux i486 i586 i686 x86_64, PGI compiler (no vis5d) 2. PC Linux i486 i586 i686 x86_64, PGI compiler (vis5d) 3. PC Linux i486 i586 i686 x86_64, Intel compiler (no vis5d) 4. PC Linux i486 i586 i686 x86_64, Intel compiler (vis5d) 5. PC Linux i486 i586 i686 x86_64, gfortran compiler (no vis5d) 6. PC Linux i486 i586 i686 x86_64, gfortran compiler (vis5d) Enter selection [1-6] : 3

36 After configuration check the configure.arwp file and edit the path for WRFV3./compile After successful compilation it will create the execution file under /src directory /src/arwpost.exe Afer that you have to edit the namelist.arwpost file for running ARWpost $vi namelist.arwpost &datetime start_date = ' _00:00:00', end_date = ' _00:00:00', interval_seconds = 3600, tacc = 180, debug_level = 0, /

37 &io io_form_input = 2, input_root_name = './wrfout_d01_ _00:00:00 (path to input file) output_root_name = './Expt-2011 (output file name) plot = 'all_list' fields = 'height,pressure,tk,tc,theta,td,td2,rh,rh2,umet,vmet,pressure,u10m,v10m, wdir,wspd,wd10,ws10,slp,mcape,mcin,lcl,lfc,cape,cin,dbz,max_dbz,clfr' output_type = 'grads' mercator_defs =.true. / split_output =.true. frames_per_outfile = 2 output_type = 'grads' output_type = 'v5d' plot = 'all' plot = 'list' plot = 'all_list'! Below is a list of all available diagnostics fields = 'height,geopt,theta,tc,tk,td,td2,rh,rh2,umet,vmet,pressure,u10m,v10m, wdir,wspd, wd10,ws10,slp,mcape,mcin,lcl,lfc,cape,cin,dbz,max_dbz,clfr'

38 &interp interp_method = 1, interp_levels = 1000.,990.,980.,970.,960.,950.,900.,850.,800.,750.,700., 650.,600.,550.,500.,450.,400.,350.,300.,250.,200.,150.,100., / extrapolate =.true. interp_method = 0,! 0 is model levels, -1 is nice height levels, 1 is user specified pressure/height interp_levels = 1000.,950.,900.,850.,800.,750.,700.,650.,600.,550.,500.,450.,400.,350.,300.,25 0.,200.,150.,100., interp_levels = 0.25, 0.50, 0.75, 1.00, 2.00, 3.00, 4.00, 5.00, 6.00, 7.00, 8.00, 9.00, 10.0, 11.0, 12.0, 13.0, 14.0, 15.0, 16.0, 17.0, 18.0, 19.0, 20.0, After successful edit the namelist.arwpost you have to run./arwpost.exe It will create the following files output_file_name.ctl output_file_name.dat

39 Now you can visualize the output file using GrADS software Type the following commands $ grads (It will open the graphics window) $ open output_file_name.ctl (it will open the ctl file) $ q file (It will show the list of variables in the file) $ set t 3 (Set the time to display the variable at that time) $ d (variable name) (choose the variable to display)

40 ga-> open d3-CTRL3hrly-ThGD.ctl Scanning description file: d3-CTRL3hrly-ThGD.ctl Data file d3-CTRL3hrly-ThGD.dat is open as file 1 LON set to LAT set to LEV set to Time values set: 2010:8:20:0 2010:8:20:0 E set to 1 1 ga-> set lat 28.5 LAT set to ga-> set lon 77.2 LON set to ga-> set t 1 9 Time values set: 2010:8:20:0 2010:8:21:0 ga-> d t ga-> draw ylab Temperature (deg C) ga-> draw xlab Time (UTC) ga-> draw title 24hr-temperature2m-Delhi ga-> Output file (*.ctl) Station/city Latitude and longitude (Delhi)

41 Command to extract ASCII data to compare with observation data ga-> set gxout print ga-> set prnopts %g 1 ga-> set lat 28.5 LAT set to ga-> set lon 77.2 LON set to ga-> set t 1 9 (set time from 1 to 9 ) Time values set: 2010:8:20:0 2010:8:21:0 ga-> d t Printing Grid -- 9 Values -- Undef = -9.99e (00UTC 20 Aug) (03UTC) (06UTC) (09UTC) (12UTC) (15UTC) (18UTC) (21UTC) (00UTC 21 Aug) ga-> time set from 00UTC 20 th Aug to 00UTC 21 st Aug 2010 To display temperature at 2m in deg Celsius Copy these data to MS-Excel (or any data analysis software) to compare with your observations by time series plot

42 ga-> set lat 28.5 LAT set to ga-> set lon 77.2 LON set to ga-> set t 1 9 Time values set: 2010:8:20:0 2010:8:21:0 ga-> set gxout print ga-> set prnopts %g 1 To display relative humidity at 2m (%) ga-> d rh2 Printing Grid -- 9 Values -- Undef = -9.99e

43 ga-> set lat 28.5 LAT set to ga-> set lon 77.2 LON set to ga-> set t 1 9 Time values set: 2010:8:20:0 2010:8:21:0 ga-> set gxout print ga-> set prnopts %g 1 To display wind speed at 10m (m/sec) ga-> d ws10 Printing Grid -- 9 Values -- Undef = -9.99e

44 ga-> set lat 28.5 LAT set to ga-> set lon 77.2 LON set to ga-> set t 1 9 Time values set: 2010:8:20:0 2010:8:21:0 ga-> set gxout print ga-> set prnopts %g 1 To display dewpoint temperature at 2m (deg Celsius) ga-> d td2 Printing Grid -- 9 Values -- Undef = -9.99e

45 ga-> set lat 28.5 LAT set to ga-> set lon 77.2 LON set to ga-> set t 1 9 Time values set: 2010:8:20:0 2010:8:21:0 ga-> set gxout print ga-> set prnopts %g 1 To display sea level pressure (hpa) ga-> d slp Printing Grid -- 9 Values -- Undef = -9.99e

46 Download weather Observation for model comparison Website for downloading weather observation for model comparison Select local weather and then enter the location/city name for weather data to compare with your model simulation. Collect the 3hrly weather data for your model comparison

47 Time-series wind speed-10m at Delhi (00UTC_20th to 00UTC_22nd Aug 2010) OBS Model wind speed (m/sec) UTC 03UTC 06UTC 09UTC 12UTC 15UTC 18UTC 21UTC 24UTC 27UTC 30UTC 33UTC 36UTC 39UTC 42UTC 45UTC 48UTC Time (UTC)

48 Time series-relative humidity at 2m-Delhi ((00UTC_20th to 00UTC_22nd Aug 2010) Relative humidity (%) OBS FeGD LnGD ThGD WSM5GD 40 00UTC 03UTC 06UTC 09UTC 12UTC 15UTC 18UTC 21UTC 24UTC 27UTC 30UTC 33UTC 36UTC 39UTC 42UTC 45UTC 48UTC Time (UTC)