InternetCAR. Keisuke UEHARA, Ph.D. Internet Connected Automobile Researches. KEIO University/WIDE Project/Internet ITS Consortium

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1 InternetCAR Internet Connected Automobile Researches Keisuke UEHARA, Ph.D KEIO University/WIDE Project/Internet ITS Consortium

2 Background and Motivation Give and Take basis helps society. Automobile has more than one hundred sensors. If we can collect these data, useful information can be provided. This kind of application is called as Probe Car or Floating Car Data Frontline base is necessary in emergency situation. Automobile can move, has battery, can bring heavy/large equipment. Communication is most important capability. Internet connectivity can be used for map/music distribution, controlling taxi/bus, web browsing, and so on.

3 Key Issues Internet Mobility Connect all on-board equipments Across radio coverage seamlessly Use of heterogeneous communication media to connect automobile to the Internet anytime/anywhere. Platform of Internet CAR Data dictionary of automobile have to be standardized to exchange each other. Platform of geographical information on the Internet is necessary to develop real space networking.

4 Connect IVN to the Internet: NEMO Proposition: A vehicle uses any communication media seamlessly. Solution: icar introduces NEMO to connect IVN to the Internet. Movement: CoA, which vehicle want to use, is changed. When a vehicle moves, it report it to its HA. Packet will be delivered via a HA. CN AP Cellular AP Internet HA Cellular CN assume that the vehicle is always located behind of HA.

5 Expands radio coverage: L2.5 MANET Proposition: Vehicles prefer to connect via a wideband medium. Solution: icar introduces L2.5 MANET to expand BB media coverage. Global MANET segment is constructed with AP as a center. Local MANET segment is constructed with a vehicle as a center. Local MANET segment is twice bigger than Global MANET segment to follow general IPv6 manner. Reactive MANET algorithm can be applied to L2.5 MANET. MANET segment acts as subnetwork of Internet. Internet Cellular Cellular AP Cellular Cellular Cellular Cellular Cellular Cellular Cellular Expand Cellular Cellular

6 Infrastructureless communication Routing optimization: L3 MANET Proposition: Vehicles communicate using shortest path. Vehicles connect each other without any infrastructure. Solution: icar introduces L3 MANET to establish a shortcut routing path. By default, a vehicle supports NEMO. When two vehicles know routes which can reach each other, it can be shortcut paths. Any dynamic routing protocol can be used to make shortcuts. But MANET protocols work well than others due to dynamicity. Proactive MANET algorithm can be applied well. Bidirectional path is necessary. MANET have to have hop limitation. In addition, route information must not redistribute. Internet CN AP Cellular Shortcut AP Cellular Cellular Cellular Cellular

7 Exchange data and information: Data dictionary Proposition: Vehicles exchange their data and information each other Solution: even if types of vehicle or manufacturer is different. icar introduces data dictionary model. Each vehicle has its particular dataset and element types. Physical value can be defined in theory. Each data can be used for any applications. Extensible format is important to long use. Any protocol can be used to exchange data. Ex. Formalization Light: 0V/12V Off/On Temp.: Volt Speed: Pulse# Km/h Wiper: Motor Off/Int/On Only formalized data can be used in ubiquitous computing environment. Light Temp. Speed Wiper Data Dictionary Formalized Digital Data

Platform for Real space networking: GLI, LBS platform Proposition: Many applications in real world is based on the location. Solution: Platform for location based on Internet is introduced.

8 Platform for Real space networking: GLI, LBS platform Proposition: Many applications in real world is based on the location. Solution: Platform for location based on Internet is introduced. Many kind of representation of location: Address, Lat/Lng, 10m left away There are many information to guess the location: timetable, seat plan There are two types of operation: Area Node ID, Node ID Location. LBS Reference model (ISO/TC211) HID Server Area Server Registration Server HID 3ab40cf e N E HID 3ab40cf e N E

9 History of InternetCAR Project related activities FY 1996 Internet CAR(WIDE) IPCar(JSK) Internet ITS Characteri stic First testing Introducing Mobile IPv4 Development of On-board Possibility check of Probe Car Feasibility study of Probe Car Improving accuracy of Probe Car Introducing IPv6, Design of Internet ITS Platform Joint work of more than hundred organization Interoperabili ty check # of Cars Location Fujisawa Fujisawa Fujisawa, Nara, Ishikawa Kouhoku Yokohama Yokohama Nagoya, Kawasaki Nagoya Nagoya, Yokohama Type of Car Test Car Passenger car Passenger car Test car Taxi Bus Commercial car Truck Garbage car Taxi Bus Taxi Passenger car Taxi Taxi Bus On-board PC Note PC sic2000 Proprietary Proprietary Proprietary Proprietary Proprietary Proprietary +IPv6S ensors Retrieved Information Location Speed Wipre Light Location Speed Wiper Location Speed Wiper Location Speed Wiper Location Speed Wiper Location Speed Winkers Side break Location Speed Wiper Hired/Vacant Location Speed Location Speed Camera Temp. Humidity Acceleration Winker Communica tion Media PDC-P PDC-P PHS Wireless LAN PDC-P Wireless LAN PDC-P PDC-P PDC-P PDC-P, cdma1x, PDC-P PHS, PHS-DATA, SWIFTCOM, DSRC PDC-P PHS-DATA

10 Mar Testing Environment Antenna Ethernet (IVN) Cellular Phone

11 Testing Environment Four IPv6 Sensors Antenna EVDO and IPv6 Sensor Mobile Router () IPv6 based on-bard equipment IPv6 GPS Vehicle information can be retrieved using SNMP/IPv6

12 CALM Communication, Air Interface for Long and Medium Range What is CALM? ISO/TC204/WG16 is working to define New ITS Networking architecture. CALM Supports continuous communications both of ITS services and Internet services Support master/slave and peer-peer modes Support user transparent networking and handover spanning multiple media, media providers and beacons History Apr Proposed PWI with other CALM Medias Start to consider the requirements Feb Convener was changed from US to Japan Apr NP ballot. Passed. Oct First version of Working Draft was published Call for comments

13 CALM Scenarios Scenario 0 (out of focus) Single media Running car Server Scenario 1 (without Internet access) Single media Running car Server Not IP IPv6 Scenario 2 (with Internet access without Media switching) Single media Running car with large range communication media Parking car Car requests to server IPv6 Server Internet Scenario 3 (with Internet access with Media switching) Multiple Media Both of running car and parking car Both directional communication IPv6 Server Internet

14 CALM Architecture and SAPs of Network part CME: CALM Management Entity NEM: Network Management Entity IME: Interface Management Entity SAP SAP SAP defined in ISO21210 SAP defined outside of ISO G: 2 nd Generation Cellular Phone 3G: 3 rd Generation Cellular Phone IR: Infrared M5: 5GHz Band ITS Media MM: Microwave Media PPM: Point to Point Millimeter wave WBB: Wireless Broadband IVN: In-Vehicle Network CME SAP (ISO21210) SAP Application without Internet Access Application With Internet Access Without Media switching Application With Internet Access With Media switching NME (ISO21210) SAP TCP/UDP SAP IPv6 Routing & Media switching (ISO21210) SAP IME (ISO21218) 2G (ISO21212) 3G (ISO21213) IR (ISO21214) Lower SAP (ISO21218) M5 (ISO21215) SAP MM (ISO21216) PPM (TBD) WBB (TBD) IVN (TBD)

15 Possible CALM physical configuration Single Multiple Model SS-1 Model SS-2 Model MS Single LFN CME-NME Discovery NME-NME CME-NME Discovery Multiple LFN Model SM CME-NME Discovery CME-CME Model MM CME-NME Discovery CME-CME NME-NME CME-NME discovery, NME-NME, CME-CME will be defined in next step.

16 CME CALM Management Entity Application NME CME-App-SET.request CME-App-SET.response CME-XXX.indication CME-XXX.confirm CME-Device-SET.request CME-Device-SET.response NME-Filter-SET.request NME-Filter-SET.response NME-IfStatus.indication NME-IfStatus.confirm NME-IfInfo-GET.request NME-IfInfo-GET.response NME-IfPrio-SET.request NME-IfPrio-SET.response CME Already defined To be defined To be removed Defined in other document

17 NME Network Management Entity CME IME (ISO21218) Already defined To be defined To be removed Defined in other document R&MS IME-IfStatus.indication IME-IfStatus.confirm NME-Filter-SET.request NME-Filter-SET.response NME-IfStatus.indication NME-IfStatus.confirm NME-IfInfo-GET.request NME-IfInfo-GET.response NME-IfPrio-SET.request NME RMS-Filter-SET.request RMS-Filter-SET.response RMS-BU.request RMS-BU.response IME-IfIInfo-GET.request IME-IfIInfo-GET.response NME-IfPrio-SET.response

18 Conclusion IPv6 makes you happy with various applications. Safety / Smooth traffic / Low pollution / Entertainment Key technologies for ITS PLATFORM are already available. Network technology Application platform CALM Communication Air interface, Long and Medium Range Multiple wireless communication media Seamless media switching based on IPv6 Multiple application We should support this idea, if we can provide active safety (Driving assistant) we can reduce traffic jam (Pollution, Safety) We know that these technologies helps above. We can do something already.

Problems and Tentative solutions in InternetCAR testing with IPv6

Problems and Tentative solutions in InternetCAR testing with IPv6 Keisuke UEHARA Keio University Graduate school of Media and Governance 5322 Endo Fujisawa Kanagawa 252-8520 JAPAN kei@wide.ad.jp Jun MURAI