EPIPE Product Description

Transcription

1 EPIPE Product Description VTCW021 - I 07/13

2 EPIPE Product Description 2 Table of Contents 1 Document Control Approvals Author Updates Modification Register Disclaimer 4 2 Introduction Purpose Intended Audience Relationship with other documents 5 3 Product Overview 6 4 Features and Benefits Summary Summary of Features Key Benefits 9 5 Technical Description Architecture Principles of Operation Geographical Service Coverage Standardised Service Types Ethernet Private Line (EPL) Service Ethernet Virtual Private Line (EVPL) Service Access Ethernet Private Line (Access EPL) Service Access Ethernet Virtual Private Line (Access EVPL) Service Interfaces - Physical Layer Characteristics Service Attributes Service Profiles EPL and EVPL Service Profiles Access EPL and Access EVPL Traffic Classification Ethernet OAM Access Link Resiliency 37 6 Service Fulfilment and Assurance Ordering Provisioning Operations and Maintenance Service Levels Reporting portal 49 7 Pricing and Billing Pricing Billing 52 8 Acronyms 53 9 Glossary Appendix A Layer 2 Control Protocol Handling 63

3 EPIPE Product Description 3 11 Appendix B Service Attribute Descriptions UNI and EVC per UNI Attributes Ethernet Virtual Connection Service Attributes Appendix C - NID Technical Specifications 76

4 EPIPE Product Description 4 1 Document Control 1.1 Approvals Name Title Date Steve Rieger Andrew McDonald 1.2 Author Wholesale and Business Development Director Head of Wholesale Product Management 1 July July 2013 Name Title Date Drew Barr Wholesale Product Manager 1 July Updates Vodafone reserves the right to revise this document from time to time. The need for updates may result from implementation of advances in networking technologies; requirements for conformance with new or updated International standards; or to reflect changes in equipment design, techniques or procedures. 1.4 Modification Register Version Modification Section Date Who 0.1 Initial Draft for comments All 1 July 2013 Drew Barr 1.5 Disclaimer Vodafone has taken reasonable care to check that the information contained in this product description is accurate at the time of publication. The latest version of this document is available from our website at telstraclearwholesale.co.nz/ Liability to anyone arising out of use or reliance upon any information set forth in this document is expressly disclaimed, and no representation or warranties, expressed or implied, are made with respect to the accuracy or utility of any information set forth herein.

5 EPIPE Product Description 5 2 Introduction 2.1 Purpose The purpose of this document is to provide Vodafone Wholesale customers with: A clear description of the network architecture and technical characteristics of the four EPIPE services, in sufficient detail to enable a customer to confidently select interfaces, bandwidth, service attributes and parameters suitable for their application needs. Details on Service Fulfilment and Assurance practices including ordering, provisioning, service level agreement (SLA) targets, reporting and fault management. Explanation of pricing constructs and billing Examples of how EPIPE services can be applied in common networking scenarios 2.2 Intended Audience This document is aimed at product managers, technical personnel and solutions consultants of service providers, carriers, system integrators and other qualifying Wholesale customers needing to understand how EPIPE connectivity services can be used standalone or in conjunction with their own network facilities to deliver Layer 2 or Layer 3 services to their end users. 2.3 Relationship with other documents EPIPE is one of our Carrier Ethernet products and part of suite of data products within the Wholesale product portfolio. Other products in the suite are covered in separate documents. Commercial terms and conditions are recorded in the Vodafone Wholesale Services Agreement (WSA). The Customer Operations Manual contains general service level information applicable to Vodafone s products and services along with policies, processes and procedures for ordering, provisioning, maintenance and billing.

6 EPIPE Product Description 6 3 Product Overview EPIPE is a packet switched digital data transport service that can be used by Wholesale customers and their end users in a variety of Wide Area Networking (WAN) data connectivity applications. Some typical application examples include: customer site to customer site linking customer site to POP hub site linking providing access to the Internet providing access to hosted or cloud based applications e.g. hosted VoIP providing access to Layer 3 IP VPN s server consolidation business continuity/disaster recovery distributed storage area networks A Carrier Ethernet offering, EPIPE services are built using a set of non-blocking Metro Ethernet Forum (MEF) certified network elements with uncontended bandwidth on trunks between network elements. EPIPE delivers a range of standardised Ethernet connectivity services that are based on the generic MEF E-Line and E-Access service types. MEF Carrier Ethernet is distinguished from familiar LAN based Ethernet by five key attributes as shown in Figure 1. Figure 1 - Carrier Ethernet Attributes (Reproduced with permission of the Metro Ethernet Forum) With EPIPE customers can interconnect standard Ethernet Local Area Network (LAN) interfaces (100/1000/10000 Mbit/s) within or between New Zealand cities. Both full rate and sub-rate service bandwidths are supported which on fibre based access links can scale from 2Mbit/s to 10 Gbit/s. EPIPE services can be used standalone providing end to end connectivity between Wholesale customer or end user premises or as an intermediate wholesale input (e.g. local loop tail circuit) used as a component that can be combined with a Wholesale customer s own network facilities or services to provide a unique service to their end user.

7 EPIPE Product Description 7 Extensive use is made of Ethernet Operations, Administration and Maintenance (OAM) protocols IEEE 802.1ag and ITU-T Y.1731 in the network for service assurance of EPIPE services. OAM based Service Management tools permit centralised management of network elements and facilitate pro-active monitoring of individual service instances, rapid diagnosis, isolation and resolution of faults. EPIPE services come with comprehensive Service Level Agreements (SLA s) that include targets for service performance and availability. OAM based measurements of SLA performance parameters Frame Loss, Frame Delay, Delay Variation and Availability are carried out in service at regular intervals with results used to produce detailed SLA reports. All services are tested prior to handover using industry standard RFC2544 test methodologies with results captured in a Birth Certificate. Customers can view service performance reports and commissioning Birth Certificates via an online reporting portal. New service orders and changes to existing EPIPE services are managed by a team of install co-ordinators. The IC team oversee install and provisioning activities of internal teams through to handover. Fault support of services is provided through the customer help premium support helpdesk. The helpdesk provides a 24x7 fault logging facility and investigates and manages EPIPE faults through to resolution. The EPIPE charging construct is flat rate based on service bandwidth and charge zone. Billing is carried out on a monthly basis. Recurring charges apply for each service and non-recurring charges apply for new installations and moves, adds and changes to existing services. EPIPE is available for connecting end-points within and between eight major New Zealand cities (including Auckland, Wellington and Christchurch) on our own terrestrial fibre based access networks.

8 EPIPE Product Description 8 4 Features and Benefits Summary 4.1 Summary of Features Key features of EPIPE services are summarised in Table 1. Feature MEF Service Types supported Network Access Links Media Ingress Bandwidth Profile Service Bandwidth (EVC and OVC) UNI (port) Speeds E-NNI (port) Speeds Service Multiplexing UNI Physical Media (defaults) MAC Layer Details ELINE (EPL, EVPL) E-Access (Access EPL, Access EVPL) Single Mode Fibre (Up to 10Gbit/s) Digital Microwave Radio (up to 1Gbit/s) Rate enforcement per EVC as per MEF standards. CIR traffic delivered as per the Target Performance Objectives. EIR traffic is Discard Eligible and may not be delivered under all conditions. The Bandwidth Profile is colour-blind at the UNI. Symmetrical Bandwidth Fibre: 2Mbit/s to 10Gbit/s (32 fixed increments) Radio: 2Mbit/s to 1Gbit/s 100Mbit/s 1Gbit/s 10Gbit/s 1Gbit/s 10Gbit/s Supported at UNI s and E-NNI s to terminate multiple EVC s/ovc s as per MEF standards Fast Ethernet 100BASE-TX Gigabit Ethernet 1000BASE-T,1000BASE-LX 10 Gigabit Ethernet 10GBASE-LR IEEE Full Duplex Customer MAC Address Limits 500 Layer 2 Control Protocol Support CE-VLAN Bundling support As per MEF specifications One-to-one (one CE-VLAN ID mapped to one EVC at the UNI). Many-to-one (many CE-VLAN ID mapped to one EVC at the UNI). All to One (All CE-VLAN ID mapped to one EVC at UNI for Ethernet Private services)

9 EPIPE Product Description 9 Feature CE-VLAN ID Preservation Details Yes: Enabled by default (CE-VLAN IDs preserved UNI to UNI). No: CE-VLAN ID Tag re-write/translation for one-to-one bundling only. CE-VLAN CoS Preservation Service OAM Layer 2 priority (802.1p) and Layer 3 priority (DSCP) always preserved. IEEE 802.1ag CFM is used for internal operational purposes Customer Service OAM frames with MEG (or MD) Level = 5, 6 or 7 will be transparently passed at the UNI. EVC / OVC MTU Service Demarcation Reporting Birth Certificate Geographical Service Coverage 1500 bytes data payload length (PDU size) within 1526 byte maximum Service Frame size (Standard for fibre access) and; 9100 bytes data payload length (Jumbo optional on fibre access). All services include Vodafone supplied Network Interface Device (NID) Customers can view service performance reports and commissioning Birth Certificates via an online reporting portal All services are tested prior to handover using industry standard RFC2544 test methodologies Metro areas of eight major New Zealand cities Relevant MEF standards MEF 6.1, MEF 10.2, MEF 23.1; MEF Key Benefits The key benefits of EPIPE services are as follows: The use of standardised services based on MEF specifications ensures maximum interoperability with vendor CPE and other service provider s network services. Scalable bandwidth and granular speed increments for Ethernet and Operator Virtual Connections (EVC/ OVC s) mean you will only pay for the bandwidth you actually need. Bandwidth is able to be rapidly adjusted up or down should circumstances change. Service Multiplexing support permits multiple EVC s or OVC s to be aggregated onto a single high speed (up to 10Gbit/s) UNI or E-NNI. Delivering each service instance on a single port as opposed to multiple discrete ports allows terminal equipment to be optimised with potential cost savings due to reduced port counts, cabling, rack space and power consumption. Adding or removing instances can also be performed remotely saving costs of site attendance to perform physical jumpering. Our extensive New Zealand coverage means you can quickly expand your network footprint and potential market without major capital expenditure and without the operational overhead of dealing with multiple suppliers. We provide a choice of access availability options to suit the importance and priority of the site (e.g. protect against potential service outages due to cable cuts by using dual diverse cable routes in the first mile to the end user premise) Our implementation of Connectivity Fault Management (CFM) technology enables us to pro-actively monitor your services, automatically raise trouble tickets should connectivity be impacted, and rapidly isolate and diagnose problems to facilitate fastest fault resolution. EPIPE services will transparently pass Service OAM frames allowing diagnosis of end user OAM (Maintenance) Domains. Service turn up Birth Certificates issued following RFC2455 commissioning testing provides high

10 EPIPE Product Description 10 confidence that a new service will work first time and demonstrate that the service has been configured correctly and meets the performance parameters specified in the Service Level Agreement. Comprehensive Service Performance SLA reporting enabled through SNMP based statistics collection from NID s coupled with ongoing Ethernet OAM based in-service performance measurements allows unprecedented visibility of service status and performance. EPIPE services support the widest range of IT applications because Ethernet is network protocol transparent and will support not just Internet Protocol (IP) but all other network layer (i.e. Layer 3) protocols e.g. Novell IPX, IBM SNA, Appletalk, DDP, OSI CLNS etc. With EPIPE Private services (EPL and Access EPL) customers can control the equipment that connects to the service and are free to assign any network addressing scheme they choose for these network devices without requiring any co-ordination with Vodafone if they wish to add to or to change the assignments as is the case with Layer 3 IP VPN s. EPIPE services provide end users greater flexibility in how they design and deploy IT network resources. The LAN style connectivity and scalable bandwidth of EPIPE services mean users can deploy servers at multiple locations without performance loss and with improved network resiliency.

11 EPIPE Product Description 11 5 Technical Description EPIPE is a packet switched digital data transport service constructed using non-blocking switching nodes and uncontended bandwidth on inter nodal trunks. Available in four different service options it is a multi-purpose connectivity solution suitable for use in a wide range of networking applications. With EPIPE Carrier Ethernet services, Wholesale customers are able to interconnect sites throughout New Zealand using standard Ethernet LAN interfaces. Service instances for all customers are transported securely across the common Vodafone network. 5.1 Architecture Figure 2 shows the general architecture of the Vodafone EPIPE network. It is divided into segments that reflect the key functions performed. Figure 2 - Network Architecture Services start and finish in the customer premises segment which can be an end user premise, Carrier or Service Provider Points of Presence (POP) or in Vodafone Telehousing Rooms or Datacentres. The Access network connects customer premises demarcation equipment to a port on a non-blocking Layer 2 Edge Switch (i.e. first data switch) which is typically located in a Vodafone POP. There may be multiple customers attached to a single edge switch. Often referred to as the first mile (or last mile ), the connecting media used may be single mode fibre optic cable or radio. The aggregation network combines Ethernet frames collected from ingress edge switches and efficiently transports the traffic within a city (typically over distances less than 80km) for handoff to a remote egress edge switch or to the core network.

12 EPIPE Product Description 12 The core network takes aggregated traffic and provides long distance transport between cities (up to 1800km). The Vodafone EPIPE network is constructed from Metro Ethernet Forum certified customer premise, access edge and aggregation Ethernet switches along with a variety of other network switching nodes. Switch to switch inter-nodal linking is provided over dedicated fibre optic cables or wavelengths derived over an optical transport network constructed with fibre optic cables and photonic switches. In the access network segment native Ethernet frame transport (IEE802.1ad encapsulation) is used. In the aggregation and core transport network segments Ethernet frames may be carried using a variety of next generation transport layer networks (layers 0/1/2) operating with different encapsulation technologies including Synchronous Digital Hierarchy (SDH), Optical Transport Network (OTN) and Dense Wave Division Multiplexing (DWDM) Core Network The core transport network provides inter-city transport with traffic carried on single mode fibre optic cables. Figure 3 shows the cable routes of Vodafone s terrestrial fibre network which stretches from Whangarei in the north to Invercargill in the south. Figure 3 - Core network intercity cable routes Multi strand fibre cables with varying fibre counts link Vodafone POP s in major cities. To support resilient transmission multiple fibre paths are available (e.g. between Auckland and Wellington there are three cable routes - one eastern via Tauranga and Napier, one western via Hamilton and Palmerston North and one terrestrial/ submarine via Hamilton and New Plymouth) Dense Wave Division Multiplexing (DWDM) technologies used in the core allow multiple discrete wavelengths (up to 88) to be derived per fibre strand. The optical transport layer of the core network is built using agile, wavelength selective switch based, reconfigurable optical add/drop multiplexers (ROADM s) deployed in Vodafone POP s

13 EPIPE Product Description 13 and interconnected by the inter-city fibres that allow per wavelength add/drop/pass through and wavelength switching. The DWDM photonic equipment provides a unifying layer that supports the higher layer transport systems. Coherent optics used in the photonics transponders allows high speed signal transport up to 2000km on a wavelength without regeneration. Inter-nodal trunks between core network Ethernet/SDH/OTN transport system terminals use wavelengths derived across the optical transport network that can operate at speeds of 2.5, 10, 40 or 100Gbit/s. Core transport is provided using Next Generation Multi Service Provisioning Platform (MSPP) based terminal equipment. The MSPP terminals integrate Layer 2 Ethernet switching, Layer 1 SDH or OTN switching and transport and DWDM Optical Switches. EPIPE services will initially use intact SDH based switching and transport in the core. New OTN based switching and transport currently being introduced to the network is the target platform for future EPIPE service delivery. Ethernet traffic from the aggregation network enters the core MSPP node via 1G or 10G Ethernet ports on a dedicated Layer 2 Service Switch (L2SS) card (or in future a Layer 2 Multiplexing Optical transponder (L2MOTR) card) in the MSPP terminal. The L2SS provides the interface between the Ethernet Network and the SDH/DWDM transport and is responsible for mapping Ethernet frames using GFP into SDH containers for transport between SDH nodes. The L2MOTR will perform a similar function interfacing frames directly to OTN/DWDM transport. An S-VLAN tag on ingress Ethernet frames is unique per service and is used to provide service separation, service switching and service mapping in the L2SS and L2MOTR. Ring based protection mechanisms provide 50 millisecond restoration in the event of path interruption on an SDH or OTN transport link in the core. For SDH based transport MS-SPRing protection mechanisms are used. For OTN based transport 1+1 and G.8032 ring protection mechanisms will be used Access Network To deliver EPIPE service at a customer site a physical connection is required that links customer edge (CE) equipment to an aggregation switching network element at the edge of the Vodafone network. Generically referred to as Provider Edge (PE) nodes these switching elements are typically located within the equipment rooms at Vodafone Points of Presence (POP s) in selected New Zealand cities. Attachment to the network is performed using a network access link. The access link provides the physical transport for Ethernet frame transmission in the first mile between the customer premise and the nearest Vodafone PE node. Ethernet frames are transmitted as digital signals on the access link. The access link supports full duplex (bidirectional) transmission with frames sent in a serial manner (i.e. bit by bit). The physical media used for signal transport may be guided (electromagnetic signals in optical fibre or copper cable) or unguided (electromagnetic signals in free space i.e. radio) Vodafone s terrestrial single mode fibre based access networks will be used for providing network access links for EPIPE services. At sites where terrestrial fibre cable is not available a digital microwave radio (DMR) based first mile access link may be used subject to feasibility. For fibre access links the operating line speeds are either 1Gbit/s or 10Gbit/s. Fibre and Radio access links are illustrated in Figure 4

14 EPIPE Product Description 14 Figure 4 - Fibre and Radio Network Access links Network Interface Devices The access link is terminated at the customer premise with a Vodafone supplied Network Interface Device (NID). The NID is an intelligent demarcation device that can be remotely managed and performs multiple functions including: SLA assurance and reporting Media conversion (e.g. optical to electrical) Traffic management (e.g. policing and shaping) Figure 5 below shows a typical NID Figure 5 - Model 3916 Network Interface Device (NID) The access link connects a network facing port on the NID to a port on an aggregation switch at the nearest Vodafone POP. Where access link resiliency is required a NID with dual network facing ports may be used. The combination of NID, access link and aggregation switch port is used to derive an Attachment Circuit needed for delivery of EVC/OVC based services. The Attachment Circuit is one of the charge components (rate elements) of EPIPE services. The NID may have one (or more) customer facing ports that can be configured as the User Network Interface (UNI) or External Network to Network Interface (ENNI) where an EPIPE service is presented. The UNI/ENNI represents the boundary of the Vodafone service and forms the demarcation point between Vodafone and the customer. Vodafone will advise the UNI/ENNI port to be used where more than one port is available.

15 EPIPE Product Description 15 Customer edge equipment (e.g. switch or router) must be connected to the UNI/ENNI to utilise a service. The customer is responsible for supplying, installing and maintaining any cabling necessary (e.g. Cat5 straight through patch lead) for connecting a port on their CE equipment to the UNI on the NID NID Models The type of NID deployed at a site may differ depending on a variety of factors including customer bandwidth requirements, customer equipment interface requirements, site power source etc. The choice of NID is solely at Vodafone s discretion. Three NID models are currently used in the delivery of EPIPE services. The model numbers and key characteristics are shown in Table 2 below Model Form Factor Mounting Ports 3902 Desktop Clamshell Desktop Wallmount RU Wallmount Rackmount RU Wallmount Rackmount 1 x 1000M SFP NNI 1 x 10/100/1000M RJ-45 UNI 2 x 100M/Gigabit NNI/UNI 2 x Gigabit NNI 2 x 10/100/1000M SFP/RJ-45 UNI 2 x 1/10 GbE SFP+ ports 4 x 10/100/1000M combo RJ-45 / SFP ports 4 x 100/1000M SFP ports Table 2 NID model summary NID Power Arrangements NID s are active devices and require 230V AC mains or 24/48V DC power. The customer or end user is responsible for supplying a suitable power source and a secure environment for housing NID s. The NID supplied in a standard installation will by default be an AC powered single input model. Should DC or dual redundant input power options be required customers should consult their Vodafone communications consultant in advance to confirm device availability prior to submitting an order. Additional one off installation charges and extended lead times may apply where alternate NID power options are required. Supported Power options for the three NID models are shown in Table Principles of Operation To use an EPIPE service to connect customer equipment at two locations each of the premises must first be attached to the Vodafone network via an access link. The network attachment point is a port on an edge aggregation switch (referred to as a Provider Edge or PE node) The Vodafone NID deployed at the customer premises as part of the access link presents an Ethernet User Network Interface (UNI) or External Network to Network Interface (ENNI) that is the demarcation point for the service. End user equipment such as routers or switches at the premises (known as Customer Edge (CE) equipment) connects to the UNI / E-NNI. An Ethernet Virtual Connection (EVC) configured within the network elements is a service container that associates by means of VLAN tags the UNI s that are part of the service. The EVC provides security by preventing data transfer between end user sites that are not part of the same EVC. EVC s are available in specified bandwidth

16 EPIPE Product Description 16 increments ranging from 2Mbit/s to 10Gbit/s. EPIPE EVC s are point to point (enabling direct connectivity between two UNI s only). An Operator Virtual Connection (or OVC) provides the virtual connection used in Access applications that associates a UNI with an E-NNI. The E-NNI is a demarcation or peering point between the Vodafone network and the network of another network operator or service provider. EPIPE connectivity services enable data communication between endpoint devices attached to the common Carrier Ethernet transport network. Although it may appear to end users that they have a dedicated network the underlying transport fabric is in fact able to simultaneously carry multiple service instances of multiple customers with total isolation between individual instances. When there is data to send between the sites, Ethernet frames at the originating CE will pass to the local UNI on the NID. An additional 802.1Q header with S-Tag is added to the Ethernet frame by the NID. The Vodafone Network will make its forwarding decisions based on this additional header. Frames are transmitted as electromagnetic signals bit by bit in a serial manner onto the access link. The frames associated with the EVC propagate across the access link to the PE node where they are processed onto an internal network trunk for transport to their ultimate destination based on the destination address information in the Ethernet frame header. Frames are transferred from source to destination across the Vodafone network through a series of intermediate network nodes. Network bandwidth is dedicated to each service instance with no oversubscription when different customer service instances share a common transport path. The EVC allows customer data to travel across the network (while remaining separate and secure from other customers network traffic) between the UNI s that are part of the service instance. Upon reaching the PE node that the destination CE is attached to they are directed down the access link. Once the frame arrives at the NID the outer or Vodafone S-Tag is then discarded and the frame is handed off to the customer CE via the egress UNI. The use of an S-Tag within the Vodafone network facilitates End-Users configuring and extending their CE-VLANs across the Vodafone Network without the need to coordinate with Vodafone. Figure 6 shows an example of three EPIPE service instances for three different customers being carried over the network.

17 EPIPE Product Description 17 Figure 6 EPIPE services example 5.3 Geographical Service Coverage EPIPE will initially be available where we have deployed suitable Provider Edge switching infrastructure. Currently this is in eight cities across New Zealand as listed in Table 4 below and shown on the map in Figure 7. Coverage Locations Auckland Hamilton Tauranga Napier Palmerston North Wellington Christchurch Dunedin Table 4 PE Node locations The coverage of the service within a city may vary depending on the geographic and technical capability of Vodafone s Network at the time at which a request for the Service is made or the Service is to be delivered.

18 EPIPE Product Description 18 Figure 7 Coverage Map 5.4 Standardised Service Types EPIPE offers standardised Ethernet services that are modelled on the following generic MEF Ethernet service types Ethernet Line (or E-Line) service type The generic E-Line service type is based on the point to point EVC. E-Line service type can be used to create Ethernet services that deliver point to point connectivity as illustrated in Figure 8 Carrier Ethernet Network Point to Point EVC UNI UNI Figure 8 E-Line service type using point to point EVC Ethernet Access (or E-Access) service type The generic E-Access service type is based on the point to point OVC. E-Access service type can be used to create Ethernet Access services as illustrated in Figure 9.

19 EPIPE Product Description 19 Figure 9 E-Access service type using point to point OVC 5.5 Ethernet Private Line (EPL) Service Ethernet Private Line is an EPIPE service that provides connectivity between two UNI s using a single point to point EVC. EPL is a port based service where each UNI port is dedicated to the EPL service and does not support additional EVC s. The EPL service provides a high degree of transparency for Ethernet Data and Layer 2 Control Protocol frames passing between UNI s with the header and payload fields at the source UNI being identical to those at the destination UNI. Customers are free to assign their own VLAN ID numbering schemes without the need for any co-ordination with Vodafone as the All to One Bundling attribute at EPL UNI s ensures all VLAN ID s map to the one EPL EVC. An EPL is shown in Figure 10 being used to connect customer edge (CE) router equipment at two sites A and B. Figure 10 EPL service linking site A to site B 5.6 Ethernet Virtual Private Line (EVPL) Service Ethernet Virtual Private Line is an EPIPE service that provides connectivity between two UNI s using a single point to point EVC similar to the EPL service. EVPL is a VLAN based service where service multiplexing is allowed at one or both UNI s providing support for multiple additional EVC s where EPL does not. The EVPL service also supports bundling enabling the mapping of more than one VLAN ID to a particular EVC. The EVPL service can enable multipoint to point (aggregation) connectivity. Hub and spoke style WAN topologies can be constructed with EVPL services where a single aggregation UNI at one hub location terminates many EVC s originating from multiple remote UNI s. Three EVPLs are shown in Figure 11 being used to create a WAN linking four offices in a hub and spoke topology. Each EVPL links a branch office CE router (Site A, B and C) to the Head Office hub CE router (Site D). Three EVCs are aggregated (i.e. service multiplexed) at the hub site UNI.

20 EPIPE Product Description 20 Figure 11 EVPL based Hub and Spoke WAN Ethernet Frames at a UNI are associated with EVC s using a VLAN ID value (i.e ). At a service multiplexed UNI Ethernet service frames with a specific VLAN ID (e.g. 10) or a range of different ID s in a bundle (e.g. 10, 11 and 12) may be sent to one EVC while Ethernet service frames with different VLAN ID s are sent to other EVC s. With EVPL customers need to co-ordinate with Vodafone the VLAN numbering to be used for mapping VLAN ID s to EVC s. 5.7 Access Ethernet Private Line (Access EPL) Service Access EPL is an EPIPE service that interconnects a dedicated UNI and an E-NNI with a single point to point OVC. Access EPL is a port based service where each UNI port is dedicated to the service and does not support additional OVC s. A Wholesale Ethernet Access service, the Access EPL is suited to customers who operate their own networks and need to reach out of franchise customer locations via the Vodafone network. Access EPL is an enabler for carriers or service providers seeking to deliver their own Layer 2 (e.g. E-Line and E-LAN) or Layer 3 (e.g. IP VPN, Internet Access) services to their end users. The Access EPL service provides a high degree of transparency. Ethernet service frames with multiple end user defined CE VLAN ID s can be submitted and will be delivered unchanged at the E-NNI with the addition of an S-VLAN tag and the E-NNI Frames are delivered unchanged at the UNI except for the removal of the S-VLAN tag. With Access EPL customers however do still need to co-ordinate with Vodafone the S-VLAN numbering for mapping to OVC s at the E-NNI. An Access EPL is shown in Figure 12 being used to provide the local loop segment of a Global Carriers International EPL service. The Access EPL connects the Global Carriers New Zealand end user site back to an in country New Zealand POP. Figure 12 Access EPL service facilitating an International EPL service

21 EPIPE Product Description Access Ethernet Virtual Private Line (Access EVPL) Service Access EVPL is an EPIPE service that interconnects a UNI and an E-NNI with a single point to point OVC similar to an Access EPL. Access EVPL is a VLAN based service where service multiplexing is allowed at the UNI providing support for multiple service instances, including a mix of Access and EVC Services. Because multiple instances of EVCs and Access EVPLs are permitted, not all ingress frames at the UNI need be sent to the same destination. The Access EVPL service can provide a high degree of transparency such that Ethernet service frames are delivered unchanged at the E-NNI with the addition of an S-VLAN tag and the E-NNI Frames are delivered unchanged at the UNI except for the removal of the S-VLAN tag. With Access EVPL customers need to co-ordinate with Vodafone the S-VLAN numbering for mapping to OVC s at the E-NNI and at the UNI. An example of an Access EVPL is shown in Figure 13. In this scenario the Access EVPL is connecting to a Global Carriers in country Provider Edge (PE) router that is delivering a Global IP VPN service to the end user. In addition a Vodafone Internet access service using a separate EVC is being delivered to the same UNI. Figure 13 Access EVPL service plus EVPL based Internet service 5.9 Interfaces - Physical Layer Characteristics The physical layer (or layer 1) of the OSI model is concerned with the transmission of bits onto a transmission medium and specifies the interface with the media including electrical characteristics (e.g. signal levels), mechanical characteristics (e.g. connector and cable types) modulation methods and speeds (bitrates). With EPIPE services the interface facing the CE equipment of the end user is a UNI port on the NID. For E-Access EPIPE services the interface facing network operator PE equipment is an E-NNI port on a NID or Access Edge Switch. Table 5 Summarises the standard combinations of Physical Layer Characteristics for UNI ports

22 EPIPE Product Description 22 Interface Signal Type UNI Speed Mode IEEE Std. Name UNI Connector Media Nominal Reach Electrical 100Mbit/s Full Duplex 100BASE-TX 8P8C Modular Jack (RJ-45) Two pairs of Category 5 Unshielded Twisted- Pair (UTP) or Shielded Twisted-Pair (STP) copper wire 100 metres 1000Mbit/s (1Gbit/s) Full Duplex 1000BASE-T 8P8C Modular Jack (RJ-45) Four pairs of Category 5 balanced copper cabling 100 metres Optical 1000Mbit/s (1Gbit/s) Full Duplex 1000BASE- LX SFP with LC connector long wavelength ( nm) lasers over one pair of Single- Mode Fibre 10km (1310nm wavelength) 10000Mbit/s (10Gbit/s) Full Duplex 10GBASE-LR SFP+ with LC connector long wavelength ( nm) lasers over one pair of Single- Mode Fibre 10km (1310nm wavelength) Table 5 UNI port physical layer characteristics EPIPE services requested with 100M or 1000M (1G) UNI port speeds will by default have an electrical copper interface presentation on the NID. For 1G UNI port speeds an optical fibre interface may optionally be supplied. The default optical interface uses single mode fibre. Alternate fibre options (e.g. Multimode or longer reach Single Mode optics) may be supported on an Individual Case Basis. Customers requiring an optical presentation or alternate fibre options should consult their Vodafone communications consultant in advance to confirm availability prior to submitting an order. Additional one off installation charges may apply where non-default interfaces are required. For 1000M (10G) UNI port speeds only optical interface presentation is supported. Table 6 Summarises the standard combinations of Physical Layer Characteristics for E-NNI ports

23 EPIPE Product Description 23 Interface Signal Type UNI Speed Mode IEEE Std. Name ENNI Connector Media Nominal Reach Optical 1000Mbit/s (1Gbit/s) Full Duplex 1000BASE- LX SFP with LC connector long wavelength ( nm) lasers over one pair of Single- Mode Fibre 10km (1310nm wavelength) 10000Mbit/s (10Gbit/s) Full Duplex 10GBASE- LR SFP+ with LC connector long wavelength ( nm) lasers over one pair of Single- Mode Fibre 10km (1310nm wavelength) Table 6 E-NNI port physical layer characteristics The E-NNI ports of E-Access EPIPE services are only available with port speeds of 1Gbit/s or 10Gbit/s. Alternate fibre options (e.g. Multimode or longer reach Single Mode optics) may be supported on an Individual Case Basis UNI Speeds and EVC/OVC Service Bandwidths EPIPE services are highly scalable and can be configured to operate over a wide range of different data rates or speeds. The service speed determines the amount of data that can be transferred in a given time interval. The higher the speed (aka bandwidth), the greater the volume of data that can be exchanged between sites. The network access link physical media and transmitters and receivers used in the NID and POP aggregation switches place an upper bound on the maximum UNI speed and Service Bandwidth that can be configured for a service at a site. EPIPE UNI s are available in three speed options when used with fibre access link media and two speed options when used with radio access link media as shown in Table 7. Access Link Type UNI Speed Options 100Mbit/s 1000Mbit/s (1Gbit/s) Fibre Radio Table 7 UNI Speed options by Access Link Type Different charges may apply depending on access link type and UNI Speed selected Mbit/s (10Gbit/s) When ordering a service customers need to select the required service bandwidth for each EVC/OVC and also the speed of each UNI in the service. EPIPE EVC s and OVC s can be configured at full rate (where service bandwidth equals UNI speed) and at sub rate speeds. Bandwidths can scale from 2Mbit/s to 10Gbit/s in granular increments (32 available bandwidth steps). The UNI speed selected will determine the maximum EVC/OVC bandwidth that can be configured.

24 EPIPE Product Description 24 EPIPE charges are proportional to the amount of service bandwidth configured. A wide choice of bandwidth steps means customers can select an amount appropriate for their application (i.e. pay only for the bandwidth they need). Bandwidth amounts can be easily increased or decreased to cater for changing requirements or budgets. NB - Service bandwidth includes all Ethernet overheads (Inter frame gap, headers, trailers etc). Measured throughputs at higher layers may be less than the subscribed bandwidth due to the effect of these overheads. Table 8 shows the allowed service bandwidths supported for each of the available UNI speeds. UNI Speed Options Service Bandwidth (Mbit/s) Fast Ethernet 100Mbit/s Gigabit Ethernet 1000Mbit/s (1Gbit/s) 10 Gigabit Ethernet 10000Mbit/s (10Gbit/s) N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A 4 4

25 EPIPE Product Description 25 UNI Speed Options Service Bandwidth (Mbit/s) Fast Ethernet 100Mbit/s Gigabit Ethernet 1000Mbit/s (1Gbit/s) 10 Gigabit Ethernet 10000Mbit/s (10Gbit/s) 1000 N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A 4 Table 8 EVC/OVC Service Bandwidth Options 5.10 Service Attributes EPIPE services are defined in terms of a variety of attributes in alignment with the MEF Service Definition Framework There are four available EPIPE services. Each has a set of attributes that define the capabilities of that service. Attributes may have one or more parameter values (available options) that specify the attribute. Details of the attributes and valid parameter values for each of the EPIPE services are described in Appendix B Service Profiles EPL and EVPL The complete set of attributes and valid parameter values for a particular service is referred to as a Service Profile. The Service Profiles for each of the four EPIPE services are specified in the following series of tables (Tables 9 and 10) in paragraphs 5.11 (EPL and EVPL) and 5.12 (Access EPL and Access EVPL). UNI Attributes EPL EVPL UNI Identifier Physical Medium ETNXXXXXX (where XXXXXX is a unique integer) 10BASE-T; 100BASE-TX 1000BASE-T; 1000BASE-LX 10GBASE-LR ETNXXXXXX (where XXXXXX is a unique integer) 10BASE-T; 100BASE-TX 1000BASE-T; 1000BASE-LX 10GBASE-LR

26 EPIPE Product Description 26 UNI Attributes EPL EVPL Speed 10Mbit/s ; 100Mbit/s 1Gbit/s ; 10Gbit/s 10Mbit/s ; 100Mbit/s 1Gbit/s ; 10Gbit/s Mode Full Duplex Full Duplex MAC Layer IEEE IEEE UNI MTU Size 1526 bytes Service Frame Length (Standard for fibre access). 2026; 9126 bytes Service Frame Length (Jumbo optional on fibre access) bytes Service Frame length (Standard for fibre access). 2026; 9126 bytes Service Frame Length (Jumbo optional on fibre access). Service Multiplexing No Yes Supported at one or more UNI s Bundling No Yes or No All to One Bundling Yes No CE-VLAN ID for untagged and priority tagged Service Frames Not Applicable Value in range Maximum number of EVCs 1 1 Ingress Bandwidth Profile Per UNI No No Egress Bandwidth Profile Per UNI No No Layer 2 Controls Protocol Processing Tunnel Spanning Tree Protocols (STP/RSTP/MSTP) Discard PAUSE (802.3X) Tunnel or Peer LACP/LAMP (802.1AX) Tunnel or Peer Link OAM (802.3ah) Tunnel Port Authentication (802.1X) Tunnel E-LMI Tunnel LLDP (802.1AB) Tunnel GARP/MRP Block (802.1ak) Tunnel Cisco Discovery Protocol Tunnel Cisco VLAN Trunking Protocol Tunnel Cisco per VLAN Spanning Tree Protocol Discard Spanning Tree Protocols (STP/RSTP/MSTP) Discard PAUSE (802.3X) Discard LACP/LAMP (802.1AX) Discard Link OAM (802.3ah) Discard Port Authentication (802.1X) Discard E-LMI Discard LLDP (802.1AB) Discard GARP/MRP Block (802.1ak) Discard Cisco Discovery Protocol Discard Cisco VLAN Trunking Protocol Discard Cisco per VLAN Spanning Tree Protocol

27 EPIPE Product Description 27 EVC per UNI Attributes EPL EVPL CE-VLAN ID / EVC Map Ingress Bandwidth Profile Per EVC Ingress Bandwidth Profile Per CoS ID All Service Frames at the UNI map to a single Point-to-Point EVC Applies for SCoS Profiles. Refer Table 15 for CIR/EIR settings Applies for MCoS Profiles Refer Table 16 for CIR/EIR settings Mapping table agreed between customer and Vodafone per service Applies for SCoS Profiles. Refer Table 15 for CIR/EIR settings Applies for MCoS Profiles Refer Table 16 for CIR/EIR settings Egress Bandwidth Profile Per EVC No No Egress Bandwidth Profile Per CoS ID No No EVC per UNI Attributes EPL EVPL EVC Type Point-to-Point Point-to-Point EVC ID EPLXXXXXX (where XXXXXX is a unique integer) EVLXXXXXX (where XXXXXX is a unique integer) Maximum Number of UNIs 2 2 EVC MTU size CE-VLAN ID Preservation CE-VLAN CoS Preservation Unicast Service Frame Delivery Multicast Service Frame Delivery Broadcast Service Frame Delivery 1526 bytes Service Frame Length (Standard for fibre access). 2026; 9126 bytes Service Frame Length (Jumbo optional on fibre access). 2026; 9126 bytes Service Frame Length (Jumbo optional on fibre access). 2026; 9126 bytes Service Frame Length (Jumbo optional on fibre access). Deliver Unconditionally (CIR Compliant) Deliver Unconditionally (CIR Compliant) Deliver Unconditionally (CIR Compliant) 1526 bytes Service Frame length (Standard for fibre access). 2026; 9126 bytes Service Frame Length (Jumbo optional on fibre access) bytes Service Frame length (Standard for fibre access). Yes or No Deliver Unconditionally (CIR Compliant) Deliver Unconditionally (CIR Compliant) Deliver Unconditionally (CIR Compliant)

28 EPIPE Product Description 28 EVC per UNI Attributes EPL EVPL Layer 2 Control Protocols Processing (only applies for L2CPs passed to the EVC) EVC Performance Table 9 EPL/EVPL Service Profiles Tunnel Spanning Tree Protocols (STP/RSTP/MSTP) Tunnel LACP/LAMP (802.1AX) Tunnel Link OAM (802.3ah) Tunnel Port Authentication (802.1X) Tunnel E-LMI Tunnel LLDP (802.1AB) Tunnel GARP/MRP Block (802.1ak) Tunnel Cisco Discovery Protocol Tunnel Cisco VLAN Trunking Protocol Tunnel Cisco per VLAN Spanning Tree Protocol CoS ID = EVC for SCoS Profiles CoS ID = PCP or DSCP for MCoS Profiles Refer Table for Performance Tier performance objectives None passed to EVC (all discarded at UNI) CoS ID = EVC for SCoS Profiles CoS ID = PCP or DSCP for MCoS Profiles Refer Table for Performance Tier performance objectives 5.12 Service Profiles Access EPL and Access EVPL UNI Attributes Access EPL Access EVPL UNI Identifier Physical Medium Speed ETNXXXXXX (where XXXXXX is a unique integer) 10BASE-T; 100BASE-TX 1000BASE-T; 1000BASE-LX 10GBASE-LR 10Mbit/s ; 100Mbit/s 1Gbit/s ; 10Gbit/s ETNXXXXXX (where XXXXXX is a unique integer) 10BASE-T; 100BASE-TX 1000BASE-T; 1000BASE-LX 10GBASE-LR 10Mbit/s ; 100Mbit/s 1Gbit/s ; 10Gbit/s Mode Full Duplex Full Duplex MAC Layer IEEE IEEE UNI MTU Size 2026; 9126 bytes Service Frame Length (Jumbo optional on fibre access). 2026; 9126 bytes Service Frame Length (Jumbo optional on fibre access).

29 EPIPE Product Description 29 UNI Attributes Access EPL Access EVPL CE-VLAN ID for untagged and priority tagged Service Frames Not Applicable. Value in range Maximum number of OVC s 1 10 Maximum number of CE-VLAN IDs per OVC Not Applicable 10 Ingress Bandwidth Profile Per UNI No No Egress Bandwidth Profile Per UNI No No Layer 2 Control Protocol Processing Tunnel Spanning Tree Protocols (STP/RSTP/MSTP) Discard PAUSE (802.3X) Tunnel or Peer LACP/LMCP (802.1AX) Tunnel or Peer Link OAM (802.3ah) Tunnel Port Authentication (802.1X) Tunnel E-LMI Tunnel LLDP (802.1AB) Tunnel GARP/MRP Block (802.1ak) Tunnel Cisco Discovery Protocol Tunnel Cisco VLAN Trunking Protocol Tunnel Cisco per VLAN Spanning Tree Protocol Discard Spanning Tree Protocols (STP/RSTP/MSTP) Discard PAUSE (802.3X) Discard LACP/LMCP (802.1AX) Discard Link OAM (802.3ah) Discard Port Authentication (802.1X) Discard E-LMI Discard LLDP (802.1AB) Discard GARP/MRP Block (802.1ak) Discard Cisco Discovery Protocol Discard Cisco VLAN Trunking Protocol Discard Cisco per VLAN Spanning Tree Protocol OVC per UNI Attributes Access EPL Access EVPL OVC Endpoint Map All Service Frames at the UNI map to a single OVC Endpoint Mapping table agreed between customer and Vodafone per service CoS ID for Service Frames CoS ID = OVC End Point CoS ID = OVC End Point Ingress Bandwidth Profile Per OVC End Point Ingress Bandwidth Profile Per CoS ID Egress Bandwidth Profile Per OVC End Point Yes. No No Yes. No No

30 EPIPE Product Description 30 OVC per UNI Attributes Access EPL Access EVPL Egress Bandwidth Profile Per CoS ID No No OVC Attributes Access EPL Access EVPL OVC ID APLXXXXXX (where XXXXXX is a unique integer) AVLXXXXXX (where XXXXXX is a unique integer) OVC Type Point to Point Point to Point Maximum number of UNI OVC End Points Maximum number of ENNI OVC End Points OVC MTU Size 2026; 9126 bytes Service Frame Length (Jumbo optional on fibre access). 2026; 9126 bytes Service Frame Length (Jumbo optional on fibre access). CE VLAN ID preservation Yes Yes CE VLAN CoS preservation Yes Yes S VLAN ID Preservation Not Applicable Not Applicable S VLAN CoS ID Preservation Not Applicable Not Applicable Colour Forwarding Yes Yes Service Level Specification Unicast Service Frame Delivery Multicast Service Frame Delivery Broadcast Service Frame Delivery Refer Table 15 for Performance Tier performance objectives Deliver Unconditionally (CIR Compliant) Deliver Unconditionally (CIR Compliant) Deliver Unconditionally (CIR Compliant) Refer Table 15 for Performance Tier performance objectives Deliver Unconditionally (CIR Compliant) Deliver Unconditionally (CIR Compliant) Deliver Unconditionally (CIR Compliant) OVC End Point per E-NNI Attributes Access EPL Access EVPL CoS ID for ENNI Frames CoS ID = OVC End Point CoS ID = OVC End Point Ingress Bandwidth Profile per OVC End Point Ingress Bandwidth Profile Per ENNI Class of Service Identifier Yes. No Yes. No

31 EPIPE Product Description 31 OVC End Point per E-NNI Attributes Egress Bandwidth Profile per End Point Egress Bandwidth Profile per ENNI CoS ID Access EPL No No Access EVPL No No E-NNI Attributes Access EPL Access EVPL ENNI Identifier Physical Layer ETNXXXXXX (where XXXXXX is a unique integer) 1000BASE-LX 10GBASE-LR ETNXXXXXX (where XXXXXX is a unique integer) 1000BASE-LX 10GBASE-LR Frame Format IEEE Std 802.1ad-2005 IEEE Std 802.1ad-2005 Number of Links 1 or 2 1 or 2 Protection Mechanism None or Link Aggregation None or Link Aggregation ENNI MTU Size 9126 bytes 9126 bytes Maximum number of OVC's Maximum number of OVC endpoints per OVC Traffic Classification EPIPE services can be used in converged networks where a mixture of traffic types (e.g. voice, video and data) generated from multiple customer applications co-exist simultaneously. As EPIPE uses a dedicated bandwidth network (i.e non-blocking switching nodes and uncontended bandwidth on inter nodal trunks) end to end quality of service (QoS) (i.e. an appropriate customer experience) is assured within the Vodafone network. Unlike other VPN-based layer 2 services which use a shared pool of contended bandwidth where there is potential to experience frame loss and variable frame delay depending on instantaneous core trunk loadings an EPIPE service is not affected by traffic flows of other network users. Where VPN based layer 2 services must implement differentiated treatment of traffic types (i.e. Class of Service mechanisms) to achieve end to end QoS, in the EPIPE network all frames are classified and treated the same. If necessary customers with EPIPE services can still implement CoS prioritisation in their own terminal equipment at each end of an EPIPE service CoS Names EPIPE services classify all user traffic into the same traffic class. The traffic class is identified by a CoS Name. A CoS Name is a commitment from Vodafone to provide a particular level of performance to a set of service frames. The CoS Name has defined performance objectives for parameters Frame Delay (FD), Inter Frame Delay Variation (IFDV), Frame Loss (FL) and Availability. The CoS Name for EPIPE services is PIPE.

32 EPIPE Product Description Performance Tiers A Performance Tier (PT) is a set of CoS Performance Objectives (CPO s) specifying values for the four performance parameters (i.e. FD, IFDV, FLR, Availability) that are used in EPIPE service performance SLA s. There are currently three PT s defined that may apply to the CoS Name - PIPE. Different PT s have different CPO s. EPIPE point to point EVC s and OVC s are assigned a single PT. Three different PT s are defined because factors such as EVC or OVC distance and the speed of access circuits can greatly affect performance parameters. How an applicable PT for an EVC or OVC is determined will depend on the distance between UNI s and the speed of access links used. Vodafone will determine at its sole discretion what PT will apply to a particular EVC or OVC. Refer to section for details of the performance tiers and associated parameter values for CoS Name - PIPE Bandwidth Profile A bandwidth profile is a method of classifying Service Frames for the purpose of rate enforcement and policing. A Bandwidth Profile is used to regulate the amount of traffic at a particular UNI or E-NNI. Each EPIPE service has an associated bandwidth profile, which is directly related to the customer s requested service bandwidth. The CIR parameter of the bandwidth profile is set equal to the requested service bandwidth. The EIR parameter is set equal to 0 meaning there is no ability to burst above the CIR. EPIPE services currently support only symmetric bandwidth profiles Ethernet OAM Extensive use is made of Ethernet OAM within the Vodafone network for Service Assurance of EPIPE services. These Operations, Administration and Maintenance (OAM) protocols enable pro-active monitoring of services to be carried out and a quicker resolution of faults. Both Link Layer OAM (IEEE 802.3ah) and Service OAM (IEEE 802.1ag/ITU Y.1731) protocols are used in the network providing the following key assurance functions: Fault Management (including detection, verification, localization and notification) Performance Monitoring (including performance parameters measurements) Principles of OAM based assurance Fault Management (FM) OAM PDU s are exchanged at regular intervals between OAM reference points configured in ports of NID s and aggregation switches for individual EPIPE service instances. The failure to receive a set of PDU s can indicate a connectivity failure and will result in alarms being raised in Vodafone network management systems. Proactive alarm notification along with OAM based diagnostic tools allows Vodafone fault staff to more quickly identify and resolve service impacting faults. Performance Monitoring (PM) OAM PDU s sent between OAM reference points of EPIPE service instances enables performance parameters such as Frame Delay and Frame Delay Variation to be measured by comparing timestamp values of specific PDU data fields at transmission and reception. Alarms are raised in the event thresholds for delay or delay variation are exceeded. Performance measurement data is collected and is used in preparation of SLA performance reports available in the reporting portal Link Layer OAM (IEEE 802.3ah OAM) Link Layer OAM is an option for EPIPE services that can be enabled on the link between NID UNI port and Subscriber CE equipment UNI port. Link OAM information is conveyed in slow protocol frames (Type/Length field value = 0x8809). Link OAM PDUs are standard length frames ( octets) and are untagged. A maximum of 10 Link OAM PDUs may be sent per one

33 EPIPE Product Description 33 second. Link Layer OAM is used to monitor the link between NID and CE for critical (e.g. link loss) and non-critical events (e.g. low level errors). With Link OAM enabled Vodafone operations staff can: Detect if error thresholds are exceeded on the link. Detect if connectivity is lost NB - OAM remoe loopback capability is never enabled on TCL NID s. Enabling Link OAM can assist in quicker fault identification and resolution. Customers ordering services must indicate if they require Link OAM to be enabled Service Layer OAM (IEEE 802.1ag and ITU Y.1731) The Ethernet Service OAM protocols described in standards documents IEEE 802.1ag (Connectivity Fault Management) and ITU-T Y.1731 (OAM functions and mechanisms for Ethernet based networks) are used to provide end to end assurance of EPIPE service instances (i.e. EVC/OVC s). Each EPIPE service instance has Service OAM frame transmission and reception between NID endpoints enabled by default. SOAM information is conveyed in Ethernet frames which are identified by a Type/Length field value of 0x8902 and may have either a destination Multicast MAC address or Unicast MAC address depending on message type. SOAM Frames are sent in-band with live customer traffic and flow on the same EVC/OVC path. As such a small amount of bandwidth (approx. 1 2 kbit/s) may be consumed by the OAM traffic. For full rate services this overhead will reduce throughput slightly. For sub-rate services an allowance is made in the bandwidth profile that increases the CIR to compensate for the OAM overhead. Devices that cannot interpret SOAM messages forward them as normal data frames. End to end connectivity monitoring and Availability SLA performance is carried out using three CFM protocol messages: Continuity Check (heartbeat) Link Trace Loopback Performance monitoring for SLA parameters FD, IFDV and FLR is carried out using Y.1731 protocol messages: ETH-DM (Delay Measurement) messages (DMM/DMR) ETH-LM (Loss Measurement) messages (LMM/LMR) The Service OAM protocol message format is shown below in figure 14: S Tag C Tag DA SA TPID 0x88a8 PCP/ SVID TPID 0x8100 PCP/ CVID ETYPE 0x8902 Payload Data Bytes FCS 4 Bytes Bytes MA Lev Last Ver Op Code Flags TLV Offset End TLV Figure 14 SOAM Frame format

34 EPIPE Product Description Maintenance Entities OAM reference points that can generate and receive SOAM PDU s and track responses are referred to as MEG End Points (MEP s). A Maintenance Entity (ME) is an OAM component that identifies an OAM flow. An ME is defined as an association between two MEP s each located at a boundary of an OAM domain (or the boundaries of two adjacent OAM domains). An ME provides connection monitoring. A ME Group (MEG) consists of the MEs that belong to the same service instance (i.e. EVC/OVC) within an OAM Domain. A MEG identifies all MEP s in a service instance. EPIPE E-Line or E-Access type services that are based on point to point EVC or OVC will always have a MEG that contains a single ME. OAM reference points that are capable of reacting to diagnostic OAM frames initiated by MEPs are referred to as MEG Intermediate Points (MIP s). A MIP does not initiate proactive or diagnostic OAM frames. MIP s can add, check and respond to information in received OAM PDU s, thereby supporting path discovery among MEP s and location of faults along paths Service OAM Domains The Vodafone network elements used to provide EPIPE services support hierarchical Service OAM domains enabling Subscribers (i.e. customers) to manage their own OAM domains (if required) through an EPIPE service. Providing an EPIPE service between remote locations for a Subscriber will usually require the establishment of connections through equipment that is owned and controlled by one or more separate administrative entities. These entities may be acting in different roles depending on the business relationships that exist between them. For example Vodafone could supply an Access EPL service instance to a Service Provider who uses the connectivity and connectivity across its own network to provide an EPL service instance to a Subscriber who extends the connectivity to devices in the Subscriber s own networks at each end point. In this scenario Vodafone is acting in a Network Operator role, the Service Provider in both a Network Operator and Service Provider role and the end user in a Subscriber role. To monitor this end to end connectivity using SOAM, through the equipment used by the different administrative entities, portions of the network under the control of each administrative entity are identified by an OAM Domain. Service OAM standards support eight OAM Domain levels (numbered 0 to 7) to identify the position of one domain in a hierarchy relative to another. Where multiple administrative entities share a domain space a mutually agreed domain level number (aka MEG Level) that is encoded in 3 bits of the OAM PDU is used to distinguish which domain of the hierarchy an OAM flow is part of. With hierarchical OAM Domains it is a requirement that any lower level domain is always totally enclosed by (i.e. nested within) any higher level domain. Service OAM frames belonging to an OAM Domain originate and terminate within that OAM Domain. Service OAM frames from outside an OAM Domain are discarded (when they belong to another domain at the same or lower level) or transparently passed across a domain (when they belong to another higher-level OAM Domain) Figure 15 illustrates a possible domain hierarchy. In this example entity acting in Service Provider role is providing an EPL connectivity service to a Subscriber. The Service Provider is also a Network Operator with its own network and is using the Vodafone network to reach one of the Subscriber sites via an EPIPE Access EPL service. As shown the Subscriber OAM Domain completely overlaps the Service Providers OAM Domain. The Service Providers domain remains transparent to any Subscriber domain OAM PDU s passing between the Subscriber networks at each end. Similarly the Service Provider OAM Domain also completely overlaps both Network Operators OAM Domains such that Network Operators OAM Domains remain transparent to Service Provider s OAM Domain.

35 EPIPE Product Description 35 Subscriber Domain Service Provider Domain Operator Domain - Other Other Operator Network Operator Domain - Vodafone Vodafone Network Subscribe Network E-NNI Subscribe Network Legend MEP Ethernet Link Ethernet Switches MIP EVC Figure 15 OAM Domains Domains on the same level can touch but not intersect each other Domain Hierarchy Vodafone s preference when customers wish to share a common domain space with Vodafone is that both parties agree to implement the OAM Domains and Maintenance Entities defined by the MEF and described in MEF Technical Specifications (MEF 30 - Service OAM Fault management Implementation Agreement and MEF 35 - Service OAM Performance Monitoring Implementation Agreement) Figure 16 shows the MEF hierarchy of domains. Also shown are pairs of MEP s (i.e. ME s) that could be communicating across each domain.

36 EPIPE Product Description 36 Subsciber CE Service Provider/ Operator Other NE s Service Provider Other Domain Operator Vodafone NE s Subsciber CE Subsciber CE Test ME EVC ME Service Provider ME 3 3 Operator Other Operator Vodafone ME ME UNI ME E-NNI ME UNI ME MEP (Up direction) MIP MEP (Down direction) Logical path of SOAM PDU s Figure 16 MEF OAM Domain Hierarchy The suggested usages of the MEG/ME s provisioned in each MEF domain are shown in Table 11. MEG/ME name MEG Level Suggested Use Subscriber 6 Subscriber monitoring of an Ethernet service Test 5 Service Provider isolation of subscriber reported problems EVC 4 Service Provider monitoring of provided service Service Provider 3 Service Provider Monitoring of Service Provider network Operator 2 Network Operator monitoring of the portion of a network UNI 1 Service Provider monitoring of a UNI E-NNI 1 Network Operators' monitoring of an ENNI Table 11 Suggested MEG s, MEG Levels and usages Vodafone SOAM Implementation Vodafone provisions SOAM only on EVC s and OVC s. SOAM can however be configured if required on External Interfaces (UNI and E-NNI) on request by customers. The default MEG names and levels provisioned for EPIPE service types are shown in Table 12.

37 EPIPE Product Description 37 EPIPE Service MEG Name MEG Level EPL EVC MEG 4 EVPL EVC MEG 4 Access EPL Operator MEG 2 Access EVPL Operator MEG 2 Table 12 EPIPE default SOAM configuration Customers may request MIP s may be provisioned on ports of network elements at the edges of the Vodafone network at the EVC MEG and Subscriber MEG Levels if required to allow Subscribers and Service Providers to determine if a connectivity problem exists in the Vodafone network. The performance measurements for Frame Delay, Inter-Frame Delay Variation and Frame Loss will be performed between a pair of MEP s Access Link Resiliency The access link provides the physical transport for Ethernet frame transmission in the first mile between the NID demarcation device at the customer premise and the nearest Vodafone PE node Non-Resilient Access The default access delivery for EPIPE services is non-resilient as illustrated in Figure 17. Customer Premises Vodafone POP Multi-fibre SM fibre Cable Sheath UNI I-NNI I-NNI Edge Aggregation Switch CE NID PE Figure 17 Non-resilient access link Connectivity from the Vodafone PE node to the NID is via single mode fibre cable. A single bi-directional circuit path is provided on a single fibre (or two fibres with separate transmit (TX) and receive (RX) paths) that connects I-NNI ports on the NID and on the PE node. The fibre(s) are carried within a common multi fibre cable sheath. The end to end fibre path may consist of a number of separate cable sheath segments with the fibre(s) jointed at intermediate points. The lead in cable sheath to the customer premise and Vodafone POP is via a single building entry. The standard access does not provide any protection against failure of the fibre path (e.g. fibre cut by external party) or failure of the network elements at each end of the access link. For customers that have high availability requirements at a site, options may be available (subject to feasibility) that can provide additional resilience in the access network Resilient Access Option A With Option A resilience connectivity from PE node to NID uses dual bi-directional circuit paths on two fibres (or four fibres with separate TX and RX each path) as shown in Figure 18. Fibres are carried in the same cable sheath with a single building entry each end. Two ports are consumed on the PE node and NID.

38 EPIPE Product Description 38 Customer Premises Vodafone POP Working CE NID PE Protection Figure 18 Option A resilience Option A provides automatic protection using Link Aggregation technology in a 1+1 arrangement. One circuit path is designated as the working link that carries all customer Ethernet frames under normal conditions (i.e. no-failure). The second path is designated as the protection link which does not carry any customer frames under normal conditions. The link currently carrying traffic is referred to as the active link and the link currently not carrying traffic the standby link. Should the working link experience failure traffic will automatically switch to the protection link and the protection link becomes the active link. Upon restoration of the working link it is held in standby mode. Option A resilience has no separation between circuit paths and can protect against failure of one fibre path or one equipment port failure Resilient Access Option B Option B resilience uses LAG 1+1 protection with dual routing of circuit paths as shown in Figure 19. There is diversity over part of the circuit path but without full separation between PE and NID. A single building entry (single duct) is used at each end and two ports consumed on the NID and PE. Working and protection are on different paths. Customer Premises Working Vodafone POP CE NID PE Protection Figure 19 Option B resilience Option B resilience is dual routed with partial separation between circuit paths and can protect against fibre failure of one fibre path or cable failure where there is cable separation or one equipment port failure Resilient Access Option C Option C resilience also uses LAG 1+1 protection with dual routing of circuit paths with full separation as shown in Figure 20. There is separation over the entire circuit path provided with dual cables and two building entries (separate ducts) at each end. Working and protection are on different paths. Option C resilience is dual routed with separation between circuit paths and can protect against fibre failure of one fibre path or cable failure or one equipment port failure.

39 EPIPE Product Description 39 Customer Premises Working Vodafone POP CE NID PE Protection Figure 20 Option C resilience

40 EPIPE Product Description 40 6 Service Fulfilment and Assurance 6.1 Ordering Eligibility To be eligible to purchase Vodafone EPIPE services a new Wholesale customer must have signed a Wholesale Services Agreement (WSA) and have an account opened with Vodafone Wholesale. The criteria used to determine customer eligibility are as follows: Must be a Telecommunications Network Operator; and/or Must on-sell services received from Vodafone Wholesale to its own customers under its own brand; and/or Must be selling services in direct competition to the Vodafone Retail Business Units; and Must perform all its own sales, marketing, customer service and billing functions EPIPE services are offered under the terms of the WSA and the associated EPIPE Service Description Pre Sales Support Vodafone Client Liaison and Communications Consultants are available to provide pre-sales support for customers. Client liaison staff can assist customers with feasibility checks to determine if sites where customers would like services delivered are reachable on the Vodafone network via intact facilities or whether network augmentation or extension is required to access a site. Formal feasibility studies and quotations are available on request. All quotations include a unique reference number that can be used in any subsequent orders Submitting Orders EPIPE services are ordered using the Vodafone all in one order form. An order guide is available on request to assist customers in completing the form for specific EPIPE service types. Orders types fall into three categories: New Connections Moves, Adds and Changes Cancellations (Relinquishment) The provisioning lead time for an order may vary depending on the nature of the work involved (i.e. whether intact network facilities are in place at all sites or if new facilities are needed to be constructed at some locations). Typical SLA timeframes are given in section A Fast-Track Delivery option may be available if earlier delivery is required (additional charges apply) An acknowledgement confirming receipt of an order, and an estimated completion date and Order reference number are provided for all orders. The order number should be used when requesting any order progress updates. 6.2 Provisioning Install Co-ordination Once an order has been placed and accepted, an Install Co-ordination (IC) team member will be assigned who will confirm delivery dates and oversee install and provisioning activities of internal teams through to handover. An install typically has four stages Audit - In this stage delivery methods, capacity checks and approvals are carried out Design - In this stage design and building of any required physical infrastructure is carried out and records systems are updated

41 EPIPE Product Description 41 Activation In this stage an order is prepared for cutover which includes bearer stand-up, port configuration and logical connections in network elements Cutover In this stage services are turned up providing end to end connectivity The IC will notify customers on order completion and provide fulfilment information such as circuit identifiers for the services Access Link Installation Where a new access link is required to deliver a service a Vodafone Installation Manager or Field Service contractor will contact the customers nominated site contact to arrange on site access to the end customer site and to clarify technical details regarding the service delivery. For fibre based network access links Vodafone will deliver fibre to the customer premise and extend the fibre to the nominated delivery location. The fibre will be terminated on a Vodafone supplied NID. (Should we be charging extra for long run internal cabling?) Service Commissioning Tests Prior to handover each Vodafone service will have commissioning tests performed that will be recorded in a service birth certificate that will be made available to customers via a web portal. The RFC 2544 standard (established by the Internet Engineering Task Force (IETF)), is the primary test methodology that is used in commissioning. RFC2544 testing is performed using the generator and reflector capabilities of NID s as shown in Figure 21. Generator Reflector CE NID NID CE Figure 21 RFC 2544 testing using NID s RFC2544 benchmarking evaluates performance of services using throughput, burst, frame loss and latency tests as outlined in Table 13. Individual tests validate a specific part of the SLA for the service being tested. Test Throughput Burst Frame Loss Latency Description The throughput test identifies the maximum number of frames per second that can be transmitted without any error. This test measures the ratelimiting capability of network elements The burst test assesses the buffering capability of network elements. It measures the maximum number of frames received at full line rate before a frame is lost. It validates the excess information rate (EIR) SLA parameter. The frame loss test measures the network s response in overload conditions to simulate network performance in real-time applications The latency test measures the time required for a frame to travel from the originating device through the network to the destination device and back to the originating device. Table 13 RFC 2544 tests

42 EPIPE Product Description 42 The testing is performed point to point between two NID s Install Warranty An install warranty period of 1 week is provided following new circuit handover. Customers can contact the IC if any problems are experienced with the new service during this period. The IC will arrange provisioning teams to resolve any issues. Outside the warranty period any problems must be reported as a fault to the Customer Help Premium Support team. 6.3 Operations and Maintenance Faults The Vodafone Customer Help Premium Support helpdesk is the primary point of contact for fault reporting. Through the helpdesk, Vodafone provides a 24x7 fault logging facility. The helpdesk will investigate and manage faults through to resolution, update customers on progress with fault resolution and escalate any unresolved faults to an appropriate manager. Customers experiencing faults on EPIPE services should investigate and perform initial diagnosis to ensure the trouble is not within their own network or equipment before logging a fault with Vodafone. The following information should be to hand when reporting faults: Vodafone Account Number Contact details for advice of progress/resolution Full description of fault and impact to user Arrangements for site access if required Vodafone circuit ID (if available) Faults are prioritised by the helpdesk and are actioned according to their priority. Table 14 describes the criteria for classification for each level. Fault Prioritisation Level Critical Impact (P1) Major Impact (P2) Minor Impact (P3) Description A service affecting incident for which there is no alternative solution e.g. complete failure of a circuit that has caused a customer site isolation or severe degraded performance. A service affecting incident caused by degraded performance of the leased line e.g. errors or intermittent short outages. Or A failure of a circuit where the customer has some form of resilience, which enables normal business operations to continue while the Supplier restores service to the failed lease line. Incidents that have no noticeable impact on the customers business e.g. errors on the leased line well within normal performance parameters. Typically raised as an attempt to prevent a critical or major Incident. Table 14 Fault Prioritisation Criteria A trouble ticket reference will be provided by Customer Help which can be used in any further interactions and for obtaining trouble ticket status updates Charges may apply for unnecessary site visits by service personnel to attend a fault when there is no fault found in the Vodafone network.

43 EPIPE Product Description Planned Outages Where Vodafone needs to carry out any planned maintenance on its network which may affect an EPIPE service Vodafone will endeavour to give the customer a minimum of 10 business day s notice prior to any service impacting planned outage or a minimum of 3 business day s notice prior to any Non-service impacting planned maintenance Un-planned Outages In the event of a major unplanned service interruption to EPIPE services Vodafone will endeavour to provide customers with a written report (Reason For Outage (RFO) ) within 10 Business days of the event, outlining: Fault timeline Incident summary Resolution Preventive/Corrective action Root Cause 6.4 Service Levels This section contains Service Level definitions and associated Service Level Targets for the following Service Level Categories: Customer Notification Communications Service Delivery Fault Management Service Performance General Definitions Business Day - means a day on which registered banks are open for business in Auckland, Wellington and Christchurch other than a Saturday or a Sunday. Standard Business Hours - means 9.00am to 5.00pm on a Business Day. Standard Installation - means an install of an Attachment Circuit where facilities to provision the circuit are largely intact and no significant build activity is required. Non Standard Installation means an install of an Attachment Circuit where facilities to provision the circuit are not intact and significant build activity is required. Simple MAC A move, add or change (MAC) requiring logical changes only to circuit configuration and/or records. These changes can be performed remotely without need for truck roll /technician dispatch. Standard MAC A MAC where a truck roll/technician dispatch is required with onsite implementation that can be completed in standard timeframe. Complex MAC A MAC where a truck roll/technician dispatch is required with onsite implementation that is complex or cannot be completed within standard timescales or requires network construction activity Customer Notification Communication Timeframes

44 EPIPE Product Description 44 Attribute Definition Order Acknowledgement Acknowledged receipt of a completed service application Order Acceptance Confirm that we can deliver the service and advise the Delivery Commitment Date (DCD) Site Visit Appointment Confirmation When building access is required, confirm phone discussions that we have scheduled a site visit appointment Site Visit Appointment Reschedule If a site visit is rescheduled, confirm phone discussions advising of new appointment Progress Reports For all service applications, we will send an activation status report Order Completion Confirmation order is completed and service is ready for testing Service Level Target - Communication method 1 Business Day from receipt 2 Business Days from order acknowledgement - Within one Business Day of the phone call that set the site visit appointment 1 Within one Business Day of the phone call to reschedule the site visit appointment . Weekly or as agreed with the customer - Within one Business Day of network activation - 1 Refers to both the technical and site contacts. Table 15 Customer Notification Communication Timeframes Service Delivery Timeframes Attribute Definition New Installation (Category 4) Assumes existing site with existing intact fibre cabling (customer premise to Vodafone POP) and network equipment available to provide service (i.e. Standard Installation). New Installation (Category 2) Assumes outside plant construction work required (e.g. trenching, hauling, splicing) to access site (i.e. Non Standard Installation). Network Extension (Category 1) For sites requiring network extension to reach the customer premise. Service Level Target Lead Time (ONNET) 17 Business Days 34 Business Days 45 Business Days reliant on building owner and council consents.

45 EPIPE Product Description 45 Attribute Definition Moves/Adds/Changes Remote configuration - No site visit required (Simple MAC) Moves/Adds/Changes Work requiring a site visit (Standard MAC) Moves/Adds/Changes Complex work requiring a site visit (Complex MAC ) Cancellation 1(Relinquishment) Removal of any associated site equipment, jumpers and deactivation of circuit path External Relocation Relocation of UNI/ENNI from one site to another site Internal Relocation Relocation of UNI/ENNI within a site Service Level Target Lead Time (ONNET) 3 Business Days 10 Business Days As agreed. 10 Business Days As per new installation 10 Business Days 1 This is the service level for the physical cancellation. Contracted terms are not affected by this Table 23 Service Delivery Timeframes from Order acceptance Fault Management Fault logging, response, status notifications and Incident Reporting Timeframes Attribute Definition Fault Reporting Telephone contact with Customer Help Premium Support Trouble ticket status updates Telephone contact with Customer Help Premium Support Helpdesk Response Advice Initial notification to advise the issue s progress and the latest expectation of a resolution timeframe Helpdesk Follow Up Advice An updated notification of the latest progress of the issue and expected resolution timeframe Helpdesk Resolution Advice Advise the issue has been resolved Service Target Faults can be reported 365 days per year and 24 hours per day Status updates can be requested 365 days per year and 24 hours per day Target within 0.5 hours of the issue being logged, unless Vodafone Wholesale has agreed otherwise with the Customer P1 Faults - Every 1 hours P2 Faults Every 2 hours P3 Faults Every 8 hours, or - as otherwise agreed with the Customer, or in the event of changed circumstances As soon as practical and with consideration to the customer requirements

46 EPIPE Product Description 46 Attribute Definition Post Incident Reporting After the incident, Vodafone Wholesale can provide a report with details of a particular fault on the service Service Target Reason for Outage (RFO) reports provided on request Vodafone Wholesale reserves the right to charge customers for costs in the event that we are called to a Customer s site for a fault call that is subsequently proven to be in the Customer s equipment or third party equipment used by the Customer. This also applies to faults caused by negligent use or misuse by the Customer, its employees, agents, suppliers, customers or other third parties. Table 16 Fault Management Communication Timeframes Fault Restoration Site Visits - Site Location Categories Site Classification Metro Sites Regional Sites Other NZ Sites Definition Sites that are within 65km of the central business districts of Auckland, Hamilton, Wellington, Christchurch and Dunedin. Sites that are within 30km of the central business district of Whangarei, Rotorua, New Plymouth, Napier/Hastings, Palmerston North, Nelson, Greymouth and Invercargill. Sites outside of Metro and Regional Sites. Table 17 Site Location Classification Fault Restoration Timeframes Fault Priority ONNET Equipment fault Category Elapsed Time P1 Critical No Site Visit 4 Hours P1 Critical Site Visit- Metro 6 Hours P1 Critical Site Visit -Regional 6 hours P1 Critical Site Visit- Other NZ 8 hours P2 Major No Site Visit 8 hours P2 Major Site Visit- Metro 10 hours P2 Major Site Visit -Regional 10 hours P2 Major Site Visit- Other NZ 12 hours P3 Minor Minor Fault 5 days Table 18 Fault Restoration Timeframes NB SLA targets in the above table are for service interruptions due to equipment failure. Individual resolution times will be increased where the resolution is delayed due to external factors including: a. Periods of time during which the end user is not able to assist Vodafone in providing data or technical

47 EPIPE Product Description 47 specifications, or building access (provided such information and/or access requests are reasonable and requested in a timely manner); b. Malfunction due to hardware or services not provided by Vodafone (directly or indirectly via Subcontractors or otherwise); c. Incidents caused by the end user, which directly and solely caused delay; d. General power cuts at the end users Site; e. Planned network maintenance agreed by the parties, which is carried out entirely within the window agreed by the parties; or f. A Force Majeure Event; Where a Service interruption is the result of a fibre optic cable cut by a third party the cable repair time target is 9 hours Service Performance Performance Objective Parameter Definitions Parameter Availability Frame Delay Inter Frame Delay Variation Frame Loss Ratio Service Frame ENNI Frame External Interface CoS Frame Set CoS Name Cos Performance Objective Definition A measure of the percentage of time that a service is useable. The time required to transmit a Service or ENNI Frame from ingress External Interface (EI) to egress External Interface (EI). The difference in delay of two Service or ENNI Frames of the same CoS Frame Set. Frame Loss Ratio is a measure of the number of lost Service Frames or ENNI Frames between the ingress External Interface (EI) and the egress External Interface (EI). Frame Loss Ratio is expressed as a percentage. An Ethernet frame transmitted across the UNI toward Vodafone or an Ethernet frame transmitted across the UNI toward the Subscriber. The first bit of the Destination Address to the last bit of the Frame Check Sequence of the Ethernet Frame transmitted across the ENNI. Either a UNI or an ENNI. A set of Service or ENNI Frames that have a commitment from Vodafone subject to a particular set of performance objectives. A designation given to one or more sets of performance objectives and associated parameters by Vodafone. An objective for a given performance metric. Table 19 Performance Parameter Definitions Performance Tiers A Performance Tier consists of a complete set of SLA CoS performance objectives (CPO s) for all four performance parameters (i.e. Frame Delay (FD), Inter Frame Delay Variation (IFDV), Frame Loss Ratio (FLR) and Availability) of the CoS Name. For EPIPE there is only one Cos Name defined namely PIPE. Three Performance Tiers, each with different objective targets are defined. Each EVC or OVC is assigned a Performance Tier by Vodafone based on distance and access type.

48 EPIPE Product Description 48 The Performance Tiers and their performance objectives are shown in the following tables: PT Metro Performance Metric Frame Delay Inter Frame Delay Variation Frame Loss Ratio Performance Metric CoS Name PIPE Parameter Values 6 msec 3 msec 0.01% Parameter Value Availability 99.9% Table 20 Performance Tier Metro CoS Performance Objective PT Regional Performance Metric Frame Delay Inter Frame Delay Variation Frame Loss Ratio Performance Metric CoS Name PIPE Parameter Values 15 msec 5 msec 0.01% Parameter Value Availability 99.9% Table 21 Performance Tier Regional CoS Performance Objective PT National Performance Metric Frame Delay Inter Frame Delay Variation Frame Loss Ratio Performance Metric CoS Name PIPE Parameter Values 20 msec 6 msec 0.01% Parameter Value Availability 99.9% Table 22 Performance Tier National CoS Performance Objective Reporting - Vodafone will begin reporting service performance from the beginning of the month after a service is implemented.

49 EPIPE Product Description Reporting portal Vodafone will set up each customer with a username and password for login to the secure Vodafone Wholesale reporting portal. Through this portal resellers can access SLA performance reporting and birth certificate information. (Additional details TBA)

50 EPIPE Product Description 50 7 Pricing and Billing 7.1 Pricing The rate elements associated with EPIPE services are as follows: Installation Charges Attachment Circuit Charges EVC/OVC Service Bandwidth Charges Moves, Adds and Changes Charges Miscellaneous Charges Early Termination Charges Additional Works Charges A minimum one year term applies to EPIPE services. All charges are in New Zealand Dollars and exclude GST. Non-recurring and recurring charges may be eligible for fixed term discounts Monthly Recurring Charges (MRC) Attachment Circuits and EVC/OVC s incur MRC charges. These charges are payable for each whole month, or as a pro-rata charge for each part of a month thereof that each is supplied (commencing on the start date). Charges are invoiced in advance. Attachment Circuit pricing takes into account UNI/E-NNI line speeds, first mile media types and resiliency options. The applicable MRC charges for Attachment Circuits with the same UNI line speed may differ where different first mile access link media types e.g. fibre or radio are used. In the case of fibre access links, a charge distinction is made between the typical case (where the NID in the Customer Site and the host Provider Edge (PE) node in the serving Vodafone POP site are in separate buildings and some distance apart) and the special case where NID and PE node are co-located at the Customer Site. Co-located Fibre Attachment Circuits have a reduced MRC charge reflecting the reduced outside plant fibre requirement. EVC/OVC pricing takes into account service bandwidth amount and charge zones. There are 4 charge zones defined Zone A, Zone B, Zone C and Zone D. The lowest charge is Zone A and the highest Charge Zone D. The applicable charge zone depends on the city where the endpoints of the EVC or OVC reside. The following matrix is used to determine the applicable zone.

51 EPIPE Product Description 51 W-EPIPE Charge Zones Auckland Tauranga Hamilton Napier Palmerston North Wellington Christchurch Dunedin Auckland A B B B B B C D Tauranga B A B B B B C D Hamilton B B A B B B C D Napier B B B A B B C D Palmerston North B B B B A B C D Wellington B B B B B A B C Christchurch C C C C C B A B Dunedin D D D D D C B A Non Recurring Charges Installation Charge Each Attachment Circuit installed incurs an NRC charge. This charge is invoiced in arrears. Network Extension Charge An additional charge may apply where the Installation of an Attachment Circuit requires the extension of network infrastructure or work (including but not limited to trenching, additional cabling or boring) to connect the Vodafone Network with the UNI at the Customer Site. MAC Charge MAC charges are incurred following completion and invoiced in arrears for: a. EVC/OVC Service Bandwidth upgrades/downgrades. b. UNI Speed upgrades/downgrades c. UNI Interface presentation change (electrical/optical) d. UNI Internal Relocation e. UNI External Relocation Miscellaneous Charges These charges may be incurred for: a. Incorrect Callouts b. Feasibility Study c. Relocation of Telecommunications Infrastructure d. NID loss or damage Early Termination Charges A charge may apply when EPIPE services are terminated before the minimum term for the service has expired. Additional Works Charge These charges may be incurred for: a. Work performed outside Vodafone s Standard Hours of Business including installation b. Miscellaneous works associated with service activation c. Work performed at customer request to resolve a customer problem

52 EPIPE Product Description Billing EPIPE services are billed on a monthly basis. Installation charges and recurring charges are itemised on the invoice. Vodafone runs five bill cycles T01, T10, T16, T21 and T26 spread across each month. The bill cycle that a customer account is assigned to will determine the day of the month their bill preparation occurs on. Vodafone will provide customers with a paper invoice (or pdf copy) for each account they operate showing charges for EPIPE services. Electronic billing (E-bill) files supporting the monthly paper bills can be provided on requsrtanest. E-bill files are available for download from the Vodafone website. Customers requiring E-bill files should contact their Account Support Representative to arrange a website login. EPIPE services are identified on the invoice by a circuit identifier. Each attachment circuit (network access link) and EVC/OVC is given a unique circuit identifier. Each circuit identifier appears as a line item on the invoice. Additional line items associated with the circuit identifier (i.e. billing service instance) provide the following information: Charge component description From and To dates applicable to the charge Charge amount Attachment circuit recurring charge component descriptions will identify the UNI/E-NNI speed (i.e. 10/100/1000/10000Mbit/s) and the physical media (Fibre/DMR). EVC/OVC recurring charge component descriptions will identify the service bandwidth amount and EVC/OVC type (point to point or multipoint). Charge zone qualifiers for EVC/OVC s appear appended to the circuit identifier. Billing enquiries should be directed to customers Account Support Representative in the first instance.

53 EPIPE Product Description 53 8 Acronyms Acronym BWP CCM CE CFM CoS DSCP DMR DWDM ENNI EPLAN EPL EVC EVPLAN EVPL EPIPE IEEE IETF ITU LAN LBM LBR LTM LTR MAC ME MEF MEG MEN MEP Expansion Bandwidth Profile Continuity Check Message Customer Edge Connectivity Fault Management Class of Service Designated Services Code Point Digital Microwave Radio Dense Wavelength Division Multiplexing External Network to Network Interface Ethernet Private LAN Ethernet Private Line Ethernet Virtual Connection Ethernet Virtual Private LAN Ethernet Virtual Private Line Ethernet PIPE Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers Internet Engineering Task Force International Telecommunication Union Local Area Network Loopback Message Loopback Reply Linktrace Message Linktrace Reply Media Access Control Maintenance Entity Metro Ethernet Forum Maintenance Entity Group Metro Ethernet Network MEG End Point

54 EPIPE Product Description 54 Acronym MIP MPLS MTU MS-SPring NID OAM OSI OTN PDU POP QoS ROADM SLA SOAM TDM UNI VLAN VPLS VPWS Expansion MEG Intermediate Point Multi-Protocol Label Switching Maximum Transmission Unit Multiplex Section Shared Protection Ring Network Interface Device Operations Administration and Maintenance Open Systems Interconnection Optical Transport Network Protocol Data Unit Point of Presence Quality of Service Reconfigurable Optical Add Drop Multiplexer Service Level Agreement Service OAM Time Division Multiplexing User Network Interface Virtual LAN Virtual Private LAN Service Virtual Private Wire Service Table 23 - Glossary of Terms

55 EPIPE Product Description 55 9 Glossary Term Access EPL Access EVPL Access Link All to One Bundling Attachment Circuit Availability Bandwidth Bandwidth Profile Birth Certificate Broadcast Service Frame Bundling Carrier Ethernet Description An Access EPL service interconnects a dedicated UNI and an ENNI. It provides a high degree of transparency such that Service Frames are delivered unchanged at the ENNI with the addition of an S-VLAN tag and the ENNI Frames are delivered unchanged at the UNI except for the removal of the S-VLAN tag. Access EVPL service uses a UNI that can support multiple service instances. Vodafone and the Customer coordinate to define the OVC end point map for each OVC at the UNI and for the value of the S-VLAN ID that maps to each OVC end point at the ENNI. Access EVPL provides a high degree of transparency such that Service Frames are delivered unchanged at the ENNI with the addition of an S-VLAN tag and the ENNI Frames are delivered unchanged at the UNI except for the removal of the S-VLAN tag. The link that provides the physical transport for Ethernet frame transmission in the first mile between the customer premise and the nearest Vodafone PE node. Can be single mode fibre or radio. A UNI attribute in which all CE-VLAN IDs are associated with a single EVC Circuit used for network attachment derived from the combination of NID, access link and aggregation switch port elements. The Attachment Circuit is a charging component (rate element) for EPIPE services. A measure of the percentage of time that a service is useable. Availability is one of the SLA performance parameters for EPIPE services. Bandwidth is the net bit rate or data transfer rate (measured in bits per second) that can be transmitted between two UNI s or a UNI and an ENNI that are part of a W-EPIPE Service. The UNI speed limits the maximum data transfer rate for a W-EPIPE service (e.g. Bandwidth is 100Mbit/s for a 100BASE-TX UNI). A method of classifying Service Frames for the purpose of rate enforcement and policing. A Bandwidth Profile is used to regulate the amount of traffic at a particular UNI or E-NNI. A report that details the results of a series of commissioning tests performed on a new service instance. All EPIPE services are acceptance tested before handover using RFC2544 or Y.156sam test procedures to confirm they meet or exceed their performance SLA with results stored in the service Birth Certificate. A Service Frame that has the broadcast destination MAC address (all 1 s). A Broadcast Frame originated from a UNI is sent to all other UNI s in the service instance. A UNI attribute in which more than one CE-VLAN ID can be associated with an EVC A term coined by the Metro Ethernet Forum (MEF). Short for Carrier Grade Ethernet it refers to next generation Ethernet that has been enhanced with new features and service attributes making it suitable for use in telecommunications networks for providing Wide Area Networking (WAN) services.

56 EPIPE Product Description 56 Term Class of Service Class of Service Frame Set Class of Service Name Class of Service Performance Objective Colour Mode Committed Information Rate Committed Burst Size Customer Edge CE-VLAN ID Data Link Layer Dense Wavelength Division Multiplexing Down-MEP E-Access Service E-LAN Service E-Line Service ENNI Frame End User Description A set of Service Frames that have a commitment from Vodafone to receive a particular level of performance. A set of Service or ENNI Frames that have a commitment from Vodafone subject to a particular set of performance objectives. A designation given to one or more sets of performance objectives and associated parameters by Vodafone. An objective for a given performance metric. A Bandwidth Profile parameter. The Colour Mode parameter indicates whether the colour-aware or colour-blind property is employed by the Bandwidth Profile. It takes a value of colour-blind or colour-aware only. EPIPE services are colour blind at the UNI (i.e. the ingress BWP does not take into account any existing colour marking (Green or Yellow) of ingress frames) CIR is a Bandwidth Profile parameter. It defines the average rate in bits per second of Frames at an EI up to which the network delivers Frames, and is committed to meeting the performance objectives defined by the Service Level Agreement. CBS is a Bandwidth Profile parameter. It limits the maximum number of bytes available for a burst of Frames sent at the EI speed to remain CIR-conformant. The CE is a device at the end user site (typically a router or bridge/switch) that is connected to the Provider Edge (PE) via the Attachment Circuit. The VLAN ID of a VLAN tag added to a frame by the customer (also known as C-Tag) as opposed to the VLAN ID of any additional VLAN tag added to the frame by the Service Provider or Network Operator (Provider or S-Tag). Residing at Layer 2 of the OSI model the data link layer is responsible for responsible for media access control, flow control and error checking. A fibre optic communications technology that enables mutiplexing of multiple optical carrier signals onto a single optical fibre by using different optical frequencies (also referred to as wavelengths or colours). A Down-MEP is A MEP residing in an IEEE Bridge that receives CFM PDUs from, and transmits them towards, the direction of the LAN Ethernet Access Service. Ethernet LAN Service Ethernet Line Service An Ethernet frame transmitted across the ENNI toward Vodafone or an Ethernet frame transmitted across the ENNI toward the Subscriber. The Service Frame consists of the first bit of the Destination Address to the last bit of the Frame Check Sequence of the Ethernet Frame transmitted across the ENNI. A customer of a Vodafone Wholesale customer. The end user uses services which have been provided to them by the Vodafone Wholesale customer.

57 EPIPE Product Description 57 Term Ethernet Ethernet Access Service Ethernet LAN Service Ethernet Line Service Ethernet Private Line Ethernet Private LAN Ethernet Virtual Connection Ethernet Virtual Private LAN Ethernet Virtual Private Line Excess Information Rate Excess Burst Size External Interface External Network to Network Interface First Mile Description A best efforts computer networking technology originally designed for linking computers connected to Local Area Networks (LAN s). Ethernet comprises both a data link layer protocol and multiple physical layer cabling and signalling variants and has been standardised by the IEEE (802.3 standard) A generic MEF service type. The generic E-Access service type is based on the point to point OVC. E-Access services use an OVC that associates at least one UNI OVC End Point and one ENNI OVC End Point. E-LAN service type can be used to create Ethernet services that deliver multipoint to multipoint point connectivity. A generic MEF service type. The generic E-LAN service type is based on the multipoint to multipoint point EVC. E-LAN service type can be used to create Ethernet services that deliver multipoint to multipoint point connectivity. A generic MEF service type. The generic E-Line service type is based on the point to point EVC. E-Line service type can be used to create Ethernet services that deliver point to point connectivity. An EPIPE service option based on MEF E-Line service type that provides connectivity between two UNI s using a single point to point EVC. EPL is a port based service variant. An EPIPE service option based on MEF E-LAN service type that provides any to any connectivity between two or more UNI s using a single multipoint to multipoint point EVC. EPLAN is a port based service variant. An association of two or more UNIs that limits the exchange of Service Frames to UNIs in the Ethernet Virtual Connection. EVCs identified by IEEE 802.1Q VLANs ensure that data packets are forwarded only to end stations within a specific subnet, thus reducing broadcast transmissions and allowing the Vodafone Network to be shared between multiple customers. An EPIPE service option based on MEF E-LAN service type that provides any to any connectivity between two or more UNI s using a single multipoint to multipoint point EVC. EVPLAN is a VALN based service variant. An EPIPE service option based on MEF E-Line service type that provides connectivity between two UNI s using a single point to point EVC. EVPL is a VLAN based service variant. EIR is a Bandwidth Profile parameter. It defines the average rate in bits per second of Frames up to which the network may deliver Frames but without any performance objectives. EBS is a Bandwidth Profile parameter. It limits the maximum number of bytes available for a burst of Frames sent at the EI speed to remain EIR-conformant. Either a UNI or an ENNI A reference point representing the boundary between two Operator MENs that are operated as separate administrative domains The first mile (aka last mile) is the leg of a telecommunications network that connects the customer premise to the Provider Edge

58 EPIPE Product Description 58 Term Frame Frame Delay Frame Delay Variation Frame Loss Ratio Full Duplex IEEE 802.1ad IEEE 802.1ag IEEE IETF RFC2544 Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers Inter Frame Delay Variation International Telecommunication Union Internet Engineering Task Force ITU-T Y.156sam ITU-T Y.1731 Layer 2 Layer 2 Control Protocol Service Frame Layer 3 Description Short for Ethernet Frame The time required to transmit a Service or ENNI Frame from ingress EI to egress EI. The difference in delay of two Service Frames. Frame Loss Ratio is a measure of the number of lost Service Frames or ENNI Frames between the ingress External Interface (EI) and the egress External Interface (EI). Frame Loss Ratio is expressed as a percentage. A mode of operation that allows simultaneous communication in both directions of transmission. Contrasts with Half Duplex that supports both way communication but only in one direction at a time. VLAN stacking, standardized in IEEE 802.1ad-2005, Provider Bridges, is a technique whereby a second VLAN tag is inserted into the Ethernet frame header so that overlapping VLAN IDs can be supported across a switched network An IEEE Standard for Local and Metropolitan Area Networks Virtual Bridged Local Area Networks Amendment 5: Connectivity Fault Management. It defines protocols and practices for OAM (Operations, Administration, and Maintenance) for paths through bridges and local area networks A working group and associated collection of IEEE standards for Ethernet. A benchmarking methodology for network interconnect devices. Used in commissioning testing of EPIPE services. The IEEE is a non-profit professional association, dedicated to the advancement of the theory and practice of Electrical, Electronics, Communications and Computer Engineering. The difference in delay of two Service or ENNI Frames of the same CoS Frame Set. A specialized agency of the United Nations, that assists in the development and coordination of worldwide technical standards for information and communication technologies. The IETF is an open standards organisation that develops and promotes Internet standards. A new out-of-service test methodology to assess the proper configuration and performance of an Ethernet service. An ITU standard for Ethernet performance monitoring using Ethernet OAM that encompasses the measurement of Ethernet frame delay, frame delay variation, and frame loss and throughput. The data link layer of the seven layer OSI model of computer networking. A Service Frame that is used for Layer 2 control, e.g., Spanning Tree Protocol The network layer of the seven layer OSI model of computer networking.

59 EPIPE Product Description 59 Term Link OAM Local Area Network Maintenance Entity Maintenance Entity Group MEG Level MEG Intermediate Point Maximum Transmission Unit Media Access Control MEG End Point Metro Ethernet Forum Metro Ethernet Network Multicast Description A link level OAM protocol specified in IEEE 802.3ah standard. Operates on single point to point link and is not propagated beyond a single hop. Provides functions including OAM discovery, Link Monitoring, Remote Loopback. A computer network that interconnects computers in a limited geographical area e.g. home or office An association between two maintenance end points within an OAM Domain; where each maintenance end point corresponds to a provisioned reference point that requires management A MEG consists of the maintenance entities (MEs) that belong to the same service inside a common OAM domain. For a Point-to-Point EVC, a MEG contains a single ME. For a Multipoint-to-Multipoint EVC of n UNIs, a MEG contains n*(n-1)/2 MEs A MEG is equivalent to a Maintenance Association as defined in IEEE Std Q CFM A small integer in a field in a SOAM PDU (with a value in the range 0-7) that is used, along with the VLAN ID in the VLAN tag, to identify to which OAM Domain and Maintenance Entity the PDU belongs in. A MEG Level is equivalent to a Maintenance Domain Level as defined in IEEE Std Q CFM A provisioned OAM reference point which is capable of reacting to diagnostic OAM frames initiated by MEPs. A MIP does not initiate proactive or diagnostic OAM frames. The maximum data payload length (PDU size) that can be encapsulated in the Ethernet frame. In contrast the UNI MTU Size service attribute specifies the maximum Service Frame size (in Bytes) allowed at the UNI. Sublayer of the Data Link Layer in the OSI model. For networks provides functions such as transmitting and receiving frames, discarding malformed frames, half duplex re-transmission and back-off. A MEP is a provisioned OAM reference point which can initiate and terminate proactive OAM frames. A MEP can also initiate and react to diagnostic OAM frames. A Point-to-Point EVC has two MEPs, one on each end point of the ME. A Multipointto-Multipoint EVC of n UNIs has n MEPs, one on each end point. The MEF is a non-profit international industry consortium, dedicated to worldwide adoption of Carrier Ethernet networks and services. A Service Provider s network providing Ethernet services. Vodafone has a MEN and is both a network operator and service provider. A Service Frame that has a multicast destination MAC address. Ethernet frames with a value of 1 in the least-significant bit of the first octet of the destination address are treated as multicast frames and are flooded to all points on the network e.g C is a multicast DA used for the Spanning Tree Protocol.

60 EPIPE Product Description 60 Term MS-SPring Network Interface Device Description Multiplex Section Shared Protection Ring An intelligent demarcation device supplied by Vodafone and located at the end user site that can be remotely managed and performs multiple functions including: SLA assurance and reporting Media conversion (e.g. optical to electrical) Class of Service Traffic management (e.g. policing and shaping) Network Layer OAM Domain OFFNET Open Systems Interconnection ONNET Operator Virtual Connection Optical Transport Network OSI model OVC Endpoint Performance Tier Point of Presence Residing at Layer 3 of the OSI model the network layer is responsible for packet forwarding including routing through intermediate routers. A network or sub-network, be-longing to the same administrative entity, within which Ethernet OAM frames can be exchanged. An OAM Domain determines the span of an OAM flow and can cross the administration boundary of other domains. A OAM Domain is equivalent to a Maintenance Domain as defined in IEEE Std Q CFM Typically used the context of Attachment Circuits, where part of the infrastructure used to provision the Attachment Circuit is being leased from a third party network operator. An attempt to standardise networking to provide multi-vendor interoperability initiated by the International Organisaton for Standardisation (OSI) Typically used the context of Attachment Circuits, where the entire infrastructure used to provision the Attachment Circuit is owned and operated by Vodafone. An association of OVC endpoints A set of optical network elements connected by optical fibre links, able to provide functionality of transport, multiplexing, switching, management, supervision and survivability of optical channels carrying client signals. An OTN enables transparent transport of data services over optical wavelengths in DWDM systems and has been standardized in ITU recommendation G.709. A seven layered model of network architecture developed as part of the OSI effort. It describes the functions of a computer communications system in terms of abstraction layers. An association of an OVC with a specific external interface (UNI or E-NNI) A set of CoS Performance Objectives (CPO s) specifying values for the four performance parameters (i.e. FD, IFDV, FLR, Availability) that are used in EPIPE service performance SLA s. Vodafone equipment room or building that houses network equipment or infrastructure associated with provision of the EPIPE service

61 EPIPE Product Description 61 Term Protocol Data Unit Provider Edge (PE) Priority Code Point Quality of Service Router Service Bandwidth Service Frame Service Level Agreement Service Multiplexing Service Profile Service OAM S VLAN ID Synchronous Digital Hierachy Description A PDU is a unit of data which is specified in a protocol of a given layer and can contain control information such as addresses or OAM parameters and user data. Switching elements at the edge of the Vodafone network through which EPIPE services are delivered. An Attachment circuit is required to connect CE devices at a customer premise to the network via a PE switch port. The 3 bit field in the IEEE 802.1Q VLAN Tag that supports 8 Class of Service (CoS) priority values (CE VLAN CoS) numbered 0 through 7. Refers to mechanisms used in packet switched networks carrying multiple traffic types to achieve a quality customer experience under network congestion conditions. The mechanisms used to provide QoS in the Vodafone network consist of a combination of traffic classes of service, dedicated queues per traffic class and specific queue scheduling algorithms in network elements Generally a Layer 3 gateway device, that connects two or more networks together operating at the network layer of the OSI model. Typically routers make forwarding decisions for IP packets by maintaining and consulting an internal routing table containing IP destination network and associated interface port information. The headline data rate or operating speed of a service s virtual connection. EPIPE Service Bandwidth is available in 32 speed increments. The chosen service bandwidth amount is a factor in determining service charges and is also used in determining how the bandwidth profile parameters CIR and EIR are configured for each CoS in the services CoS Profile. An Ethernet frame transmitted across the UNI toward Vodafone or an Ethernet frame transmitted across the UNI toward the Subscriber. The Service Frame consists of the first bit of the Destination MAC Address through the last bit of the Frame Check Sequence. Service Frames may be classified as Unicast, Multicast, Broadcast or Layer 2 Control Protocol Frames. A contract between the Customer and Vodafone specifying the agreed to service level commitments and related business agreements. A UNI service attribute in which the UNI can be in more than one EVC instance. Service Multiplexing provides the ability to support multiple EVC s at a UNI. The complete set of attributes for a particular EPIPE service. End to end OAM protocols specified in IEEE and ITU standards 802.1ag and Y Provides connectivity fault management and performance monitoring. Service VLAN ID is the VLAN ID of the outer or Service Provider Tag (S-Tag) as defined in IEEE Standard 802.1ad A TDM based switching and transport technology that adheres to International Telecommunications Union (ITU) G.707, G.783, G.784 and G.803 international standards and enables multiplexing of multiple digital bit streams for transport over optical fibre.

62 EPIPE Product Description 62 Term Unicast Service Frame Up-MEP User Network Interface Virtual LAN Virtual Private LAN Service Virtual Private Network Virtual Private Wire Service VLAN ID Wholesale EPIPE Description A Service Frame that has a unicast destination MAC address. An Up-MEP is a MEP residing in an IEEE Ethernet Bridge that transmits CFM PDUs towards, and receives them from, the direction of the Bridge Relay Entity. The physical demarcation point between the responsibility of the Service Provider and the responsibility of the Subscriber A Virtual LAN is a switched network that connects two or more customer locations or User-Network Interfaces (UNIs) and: Enables the transfer of Ethernet frames between locations that are connected by the same VLAN. Prevents data transfer between customer locations or UNIs that are not part of the same VLAN. The function of a VLAN is to isolate the Layer 2 Media Access Control (MAC) broadcast domains A Layer 2 VPN technique used to provide LAN interconnection across an IP/MPLS packet switched network based on psuedowire encapsulation. VPLS supports both point to point and multipoint to multipoint connectivity. A Wide Area Network (WAN) provisioned across a shared network infrastructure that can simultaneously support many discrete WAN s that each appear to their end users to be a dedicated private network. VPWS (also known as Virtual Leased Line) is a Layer 2 VPN technique used to provide Ethernet (or other Layer 2 protocol) based communication across an IP/MPLS packet switched network based on psuedowire encapsulation. VPWS supports point to point communication only. The Virtual LAN ID (VID) is the 12 bit field in an IEEE 802.1Q Tag that identifies the VLAN to which a Service Frame belongs. The VLAN ID field can take values between 0 and Wholesale Ethernet PIPE A Vodafone product offering that provides a range of packet switched, Layer 2, digital data transport services constructed using non-blocking switching nodes and uncontended bandwidth on inter nodal trunks that can be used by Wholesale customers and their end users in a variety of Wide Area Networking (WAN) data connectivity applications. Table 24 - Glossary of Terms

63 EPIPE Product Description Appendix A Layer 2 Control Protocol Handling The treatment options of Layer 2 Control Protocols for the different EPIPE services are as detailed in the following table. Layer 2 Control Protocols EPIPE Service Type EPL Access EPL EVPL Access EVPL Spanning Tree (STP/RSTP/MSTP) Tunnel Tunnel Discard Discard Flow control (802.3x PAUSE frame) Discard Discard Discard Discard Link Aggregation (LACP/LAMP) Tunnel* or Peer Tunnel* or Peer Discard Discard Link OAM Tunnel* or Peer Tunnel* or Peer Discard Discard Port Authentication (802.1x) Tunnel Tunnel Discard Discard Ethernet Local Management Interface (E-LMI) Tunnel Tunnel Discard Discard Link Layer Discovery (LLDP) Tunnel Tunnel Discard Discard Registration (GARP/MRP) Tunnel Tunnel Discard Discard Cisco Discovery Protocol (CDP) Tunnel Tunnel Discard Discard Cisco VLAN Trunking Protocol (VTP) Cisco Per VLAN Spanning Tree Protocol (PVST) Tunnel Tunnel Discard Discard Tunnel Tunnel Discard Discard Table 25 - L2CP Handling * - Default value

64 EPIPE Product Description Appendix B Service Attribute Descriptions Attributes and valid parameter values for each of the EPIPE services are described in the following paragraphs 11.1 UNI and EVC per UNI Attributes A UNI can have a number of characteristics that affect the way that the CE device sees the service. UNI s in an EVC do not all need to have the same characteristics and may differ e.g. different physical layer speeds. UNI attributes may be independent of EVC s at the UNI or associated with EVC s at the UNI UNI Identifier Each UNI of an EPIPE service is assigned a unique Identifier. The UNI ID is not carried in any field of the Service Frames and is independent of EVC s at the UNI. This identifier (designation) will appear on invoices and should be labelled on the NID at the end user site. The designator can be quoted when reporting service faults as supplementary information. The format of the designation follows the Vodafone standard and consists of a prefix of three alphanumeric characters followed by a suffix that is a unique 6 or 7 digit integer. For ONNET sites the prefix is ETN. An example service ID could be ETN Physical Layer The characteristics of the Physical layers (PHY) that may be used with EPIPE UNI s and E-NNI s are specified in terms of Speed, Mode and Physical Medium: Speed UNI ports may be configured to operate at one of four transmission speeds 10, 100, 1000 and 10000Mbit/s. E-NNI ports may be configured to operate at one of two transmission speeds 1000 or 10000Mbit/s. Mode All EPIPE UNI s are provisioned for full duplex operation. Half duplex mode is not supported. Full duplex operation allows simultaneous communication in both directions of transmission. Physical Media Unshielded or shielded twisted pair copper based media are supported for UNI Speeds 10; 100 and 1000Mbit/s. The connector type for copper based media is an 8P8C (RJ45) Jack. All NID s have built in copper ports and this is the default provided for 10; 100 and 1000Mbit/s UNI s. Single Mode fibre media is supported for UNI/E-NNI Speeds 1000 and 10000Mbit/s (1G and 10G). 1G optical ports for UNI s may be provided on request (subject to availability and may incur additional installation charges). For E-NNI s copper ports are not supported. The default connector type for optical ports LC. Optical ports require the equipping of SFP or SFP+ devices in the NID s. The standard SFP used has nominal 10km reach. Alternative optics e.g. Multimode or Single Mode with longer reach optics may be supported on an Individual Case Basis. NB - The physical Layer UNI attributes of speed, mode and physical medium are independent of the EVCs at the UNI, and UNIs with different speeds and physical media may be mixed in the same EVC MAC Layer Ethernet standards define a format for packets/frames passed from the Medium Access Control (MAC) Layer to the Physical Layer (PHY). EPIPE service supports customer traffic with the following standard Ethernet frame formats:

65 EPIPE Product Description 65 IEEE Ethernet Version 2 as released by the DIX (Digital Equipment Corporation/Intel/Xerox) consortium EPIPE will accept Ethernet frames at the UNI that adhere to these standards with the exception that the data payload length may be greater than 1500 bytes. Service Frames are divided into two groups, Data Service Frames (Unicast, Multi-Cast or Broadcast Frames) and Layer 2 Control Protocol Frames. The Service Frame consists of the first bit of the Destination MAC Address through to the last bit of the Frame Check Sequence. The possible Service Frames types and their delivery at UNI s are as follows: Unicast These frames have a unicast destination MAC address (single host destination) and will typically be delivered to all UNI s in the EVC but the ingress UNI if the frame has not been learned by network equipment. Otherwise delivery will be to the UNI learned from the destination MAC address. Multicast - These frames have a multicast destination MAC address (group of host destinations) and will typically be delivered only to UNI s in the EVC interested in receiving the frames. Broadcast - These frames have a broadcast destination MAC address (all attached hosts) and will typically be delivered to all UNI s in the EVC but the ingress UNI. All 1 s in the Destination Address field (Hexadecimal FFFFFF) is defined as the Broadcast Address. Layer 2 Control Protocol (L2CP) These frames are used for various control purposes and typically have a well-known destination MAC address or can be uniquely identified by additional fields such as Ethertype or a protocol identifier. Layer 2 Control Protocols may be tunnelled, peered or discarded at the UNI. The MAC layer attribute is independent of the EVCs at the UNI. The typical frame formats for untagged and IEEE 802.1Q VLAN tagged Ethernet frames at a UNI are shown in Figure 21 and 22. Destination Address Source Address Length/Type Data Payload Frame Check Sequence 6 Bytes 6 Bytes 2 Bytes Bytes 4 Bytes Figure 21 Untagged Ethernet Frame Format (64 to 1518 bytes) The destination and source addresses (MAC addresses) are unique 48 bit (6 byte values). The Length/Type field can indicate the length of the frame or more commonly the protocol encapsulated in the data payload field which is referred to as an Ethertype value e.g. a typical Ethertype value is hexadecimal 0800 (0x0800) for Internet Protocol version 4 (IPv4) payloads. The Frame Check Sequence (FCS) is 4 bytes of extra checksum characters added to frames for error detection. The FCS algorithm used is Cyclic Redundancy Check (CRC).

66 EPIPE Product Description 66 Destination Address Source Address 802.1Q Tag CE-VLAN Length/ Type Data Payload Frame Check Sequence 6 Bytes 6 Bytes 2 Bytes Bytes 4 Bytes Tag Protocol Identifier 0x8100 Priority Code Point CFI/DPI VLAN ID 16 Bits 3 Bits 1 Bits 12 Bite 2 Bytes 2 Bytes Figure Q tagged Ethernet Frame Format (68 to 1522 Bytes) The 3 bit Priority Code Point field in the 802.1Q Tag supports 8 Class of Service (CoS) priority values (CE VLAN CoS) numbered 0 through 7. The 12 bit VLAN ID field in the 802.1Q Tag supports 4095 Customer Edge VLAN ID values (CE-VLAN ID aka CVID) numbered 1 through At E-NNI s Ethernet Frames have two VLAN tags with the outer tag being a Service Provider (S-Tag) and the inner tag being the customer (C-Tag) as defined in IEEE Standard 802.1ad S-VLAN tag based multiplexing of services occurs at ENNI s permitting efficient aggregation while maintaining CE-VLAN ID preservation for all customer traffic. The frame format for double tagged Ethernet frames at an E-NNI is shown in figure 23. Destination Address Source Address 802.1ad Tag S-VLAN 0x88a Q Tag CE-VLAN 0x8100 Length/ Type Data Payload Frame Check Sequence 6 Bytes 6 Bytes 4 Bytes 4 Bytes 2 Bytes Bytes 4 Bytes Figure ad double tagged Ethernet Frame Format UNI Maximum Transmission Unit (MTU) Size The term MTU generally refers to the maximum data payload length that can be encapsulated in the Ethernet frame. For example IEEE standard frames can support payload lengths between 46 and 1500 bytes so the MTU is 1500 bytes. In contrast the UNI Maximum Transmission Unit (MTU) Size service attribute specifies the maximum Service Frame size (in Bytes) allowed at the UNI. This includes all the fields from destination address to frame check sequence. For an untagged frame this is 14 bytes of Ethernet header and 4 bytes FCS, plus standard 1500 bytes MTU of payload making total length of 1518 bytes. IEEE 802.1Q tagged frames have an additional 4 byte tag making total length 1522 bytes. The default UNI Maximum Transmission Unit (MTU) Size for EPIPE is 2000 bytes. Jumbo frames with payload field lengths larger than 1500 bytes are able to be supported with EPIPE services byte UNI MTU sizes can be supplied in some instances. Customers should check with solutions consultant to confirm availability prior to order. The UNI MTU Size attribute is independent of the EVCs at the UNI.

67 EPIPE Product Description Service Multiplexing Service Multiplexing refers to the ability to support multiple EVC/OVC s at a UNI or E-NNI. A UNI with this attribute enabled can be in more than one EVC or OVC instance. Both point to point and multipoint EVC s can be multiplexed in any combination at a Service Multiplexed UNI. Use of Service Multiplexing enables a reduction in the number of UNI s that a customer would otherwise need to purchase and manage at a site. Potential cost savings may also be realised on CE equipment needed due to decreased port requirements. For EPIPE Private services (i.e. EPL, EPLAN and Access EPL) service multiplexing is not supported at any UNI s. For EPIPE Virtual Private services (i.e. EVPL, EVPLAN and Access EVPL) service multiplexing can be supported at one or more UNI s. The Service Multiplexing attribute is independent of the EVCs at the UNI CE-VLAN ID/EVC Map The CE-VLAN ID/EVC Map provides a mapping table between the CE-VLAN IDs at the UNI and the EVC to which they belong. The mapping table may be different at other UNI s that an EVC is part of. The CE-VLAN ID/EVC Map attribute is associated with EVCs at the UNI At a given UNI, the EVC for a Service Frame is identified by the Customer Edge VLAN ID (CE-VLAN ID). There are 4095 possible CE VLAN ID s numbered 1 through The CE-VLAN ID is derived from the content of the ingress customer Service Frame. For an ingress Ethernet frame with an IEEE 802.1Q tag the 12-bit VLAN ID may contain a value between 0 and For frames with tag values between 1 and 4095 the CE-VLAN ID is equal to the tag value. For ingress frames that are untagged or frames where the tag value is 0 (referred to as priority tagged frames) a CE- VLAN ID value from the range 1 to 4094 will be assigned in the network. The CE VLAN ID value assigned will always be the same for both Untagged and priority tagged frames. More than one CE VLAN ID may point to the same EVC (referred to as bundling and described in Section ). With EPIPE services a range of mapping scenarios is possible and in some scenarios, it may be necessary for the customer and Vodafone to agree upon the CE-VLAN ID/EVC Map at the UNI. While every effort will be made to accommodate a specific customer CE VLAN ID/EVC Map request, Vodafone reserves the right to dictate the mapping Maximum number of EVC s This attribute defines the maximum number of EVCs that a UNI can support. For EPIPE Private services (i.e. EPL, EPLAN and Access EPL) the value will be one as these services only support a single EVC. For EPIPE Virtual Private services (i.e. EVPL, EVPLAN and Access EVPL) that support service multiplexing the value can be more than one. The Maximum number of EVC s attribute is independent of the EVCs at the UNI Bundling Bundling refers to the ability for more than one CE-VLAN ID to be associated with an EVC. A UNI with the Bundling attribute enabled can have more than one CE-VLAN ID map to a particular EVC at the UNI. The Bundling attribute is independent of the EVCs at the UNI. Figure 24 shows an example of bundling. As shown, there are three EVPL services (point to point EVC s) linking three customer sites A, B and C. Each UNI supports Service Multiplexing. The bundling attribute applies to UNI A and B.

68 EPIPE Product Description 68 Three CE VLAN IDs (47, 48 and 49) map to the BLUE EVC at these UNI s. UNI A MAP UNI B MAP UNI C MAP CE-VLAN ID EVC CE-VLAN ID EVC CE-VLAN ID EVC 47,48,49 BLUE 113 RED 47,48,49 BLUE 1 GREEN 1 GREEN 47 RED 47,48, UNI B 47,48, UNI A UNI C BLUE EVC GREEN EVC RED EVC Figure 24 Bundling example Any EVC such as BLUE EVC that has more than one CE-VLAN ID mapping to it must also have its CE-VLAN ID Preservation Service Attribute (see Section ) enabled and the list of CE-VLAN IDs mapped to the EVC must always be the same at each UNI in the EVC All to One Bundling All to One Bundling is a special case of bundling but it is sufficiently important to be called out as a separate attribute. The All to One Bundling attribute is independent of the EVCs at the UNI. When a UNI has the All to One Bundling attribute enabled, all CE-VLAN IDs MUST map to a single EVC at the UNI. This means that Service Multiplexing is not supported. Table 26 shows the Bundling and Service Multiplexing combinations that are supported at the UNI s of the various Vodafone EPIPE services. Service Attribute EPL EVPL EPLAN EVPLAN Access EPL Service Multiplexing No Yes No Yes No Yes Access EVPL Bundling No Yes or No No Yes or No No Yes or No All to one Bundling Yes No Yes No Yes No Bandwidth Profiles A Bandwidth Profile is a method of classifying Frames for the purpose of rate enforcement and policing.

69 EPIPE Product Description 69 The Bandwidth Profile defines the set of traffic parameters applicable to a sequence of Service Frames. EPIPE services use ingress Bandwidth profiles to regulate the amount of ingress traffic at a particular UNI. The bandwidth profile allows Vodafone to offer bandwidth to customers in increments less than the UNI (Physical port speed). The Ingress Bandwidth Profile attribute is associated with EVCs at the UNI. Where there are multiple EVC s at a UNI each can have its own bandwidth profile. The bandwidth profile effectively specifies the average rate of committed and excess Ethernet Frames allowed into the network at the UNI (from a customer perspective). An algorithm is used in conjunction with the bandwidth profile to classify traffic to determine if it is compliant with the bandwidth profile parameters. The algorithm declares frames compliant or non-compliant with the profile. The level of compliance is expressed as one of three colours Green, Yellow or Red. Frames sent up to the committed EVC rate are viewed by the algorithm as in profile or compliant and are marked as Green. These frames will be delivered according to the Service Level Agreement (SLA) for the service Frames sent up to excess information rate are viewed by the algorithm as out of profile or non-compliant and are marked as Yellow but they are delivered without any SLA objectives Frames above the excess information rate are viewed by the algorithm as non-conformant and are marked as Red and will be discarded (i.e. dropped at ingress and not delivered) A bandwidth profile consists of the following parameters: Committed Information Rate (CIR) expressed as bits per second. Committed Burst Size (CBS) expressed as bytes. Excess Information Rate (EIR) expressed as bits per second. Excess Burst Size (EBS) expressed as bytes. Color Mode (CM) - has only one of two possible values, color-blind and colour-aware. The CIR defines the average rate in bits per second of Service Frames up to which the network delivers Service Frames and meets the performance objectives defined by the service SLA The CBS limits the maximum number of bytes available for a burst of Service Frames sent at the UNI speed to remain CIR-conformant. Eg for 10Mbit/s UNI speed a CBS of 200 bytes allows would allow 3 x 1500byte frames to be sent at 10Mbit/s line rate and still be CIR compliant The EIR defines the average rate in bits per second of Service Frames up to which the network may deliver Service Frames but without any SLA performance objectives The EBS limits the maximum number of bytes available for a burst of Service Frames sent at the UNI speed to remain EIR-conformant. A Bandwidth Profile algorithm is said to be in colour aware mode when each Service Frame already has a level of compliance (i.e., a colour) associated with it and that colour is taken into account in determining the level of compliance by the Bandwidth Profile algorithm. The Bandwidth Profile algorithm is said to be in colour blind mode when the colour (if any) already associated with each Service Frame is ignored by the Bandwidth Profile Algorithm. EPIPE services do not take into account whether frames entering the network have already been classified and marked as compliant and so the colour mode is always colour blind. Bandwidth Profiles are associated with the UNI. This allows different Bandwidth Profiles at ach UNI in an EVC. Bandwidth profiles are able to be applied per EVC as illustrated in figure 25.

70 EPIPE Product Description 70 EVC1 Bandwidth profile per EVC1 UNI EVC2 Bandwidth profile per EVC2 EVC3 Bandwidth profile per EVC3 Figure 25 BW profile per EVC Layer 2 Control Protocol Processing There are a number of layer 2 protocols that may be used for control purposes in LAN s. A common example is the Spanning Tree Protocol that can be used to avoid Layer 2 switching loops and broadcast storms in LAN s consisting of multiple interconnected IEEE 802.1D bridges. The Layer 2 Control Protocol Processing attribute is independent of the EVCs at the UNI. For customers or end users who choose to deploy IEEE 802.1D or IEEE 802.1Q bridges (as opposed to routers) as CEs it may be important that a service can process some of these protocols effectively. Some Layer 2 Control protocols share the same destination MAC address and are identified by additional fields such as the Ethertype and a protocol identifier. A Service Frame whose destination MAC address is one of the 33 multicast addresses listed in the following table will be treated as a Layer 2 Control Protocol Service Frame by the Vodafone network. Destination MAC Addresses C through C F C through C F C Description Bridge PDU block protocols. Used for multiple bridge management functions including configuration and fault management. An IEEE 802.1D bridge never forwards any frame sent to any address in the BPDU block. GARP block protocols. Used as a framework for registering attributes (such as MAC addresses) between switches and hosts in a bridged LAN. Applications using GARP include GMRP that constrains multicasts to ports whose addresses have been registered. An IEEE 802.1D bridge stops frames sent to the GARP block that it understands, and forwards as normal multicasts frames sent to the GARP block that it does not understand All Bridges protocol. Used to reach all bridges in a bridged LAN. An IEEE 802.1D bridge both receives, and forwards as a normal multicast, frames addressed to the All Bridges MAC address Table 27 Layer 2 Control Protocol Destination MAC addresses Table 28 lists the well known L2CP s

71 EPIPE Product Description 71 Protocol Relevant Standard Destination MAC address Other identifiers Spanning Tree / Rapid Spanning Tree IEEE 802.1D-2004, Part 3: Media Access Control (MAC) Bridges C LLC PDU header DSAP/ SSAP= 0x42 Multiple Spanning Tree IEEE 802.1Q-2005, Virtual Bridged Local Area Networks C LLC PDU header DSAP/SSAP= 0x42 CTL=0x03 PAUSE IEEE , Part 3: Carrier sense multiple access with collision detection (CSMA/ CD) access method and physical layer specifications C Ethertype: 0x8808 Link Aggregation Control / Link Aggregation Marker IEEE , Part 3: Carrier sense multiple access with collision detection (CSMA/ CD) access method and physical layer specifications C Ethertype: 0x8809 Slow Protocols subtype: 1 - LACP Slow Protocols subtype: 2 - LAMP Link OAM IEEE 802.1X-2005, Part 3: Carrier sense multiple access with collision detection (CSMA/ CD) access method and physical layer specifications C Ethertype: 0x8809 Slow Protocols subtype: 3 Port Authentication IEEE 802.1X-2004, Port- Based Network Access Control C Ethertype: 0x888E Ethernet Local Management Interface (E-LMI) MEF Technical Specification MEF 16, Ethernet Local Management Interface January C Ethertype: 0x88EE Link Layer Discovery IEEE 802.1AB-2005, Station and Media Access Control, Connectivity Discovery C E Ethertype: 0x88CC Generic Attribute Registration IEEE 802.1Q-2004, Virtual Bridged Local area Networks C through C F

72 EPIPE Product Description 72 Protocol Relevant Standard Destination MAC address Other identifiers Multiple Registration IEEE 802.1ak-2007, Virtual Bridged Local Area Networks, Amendment 07: Multiple Registration Protocol C through C F MMRP DA: C Ethertype: 0x88F6 MVRP DA: C Ethertype:0x88F5 Cisco Discovery Protocol Cisco Proprietary C-CC-CC-CC LLC SNAP PDU header PID 0x2000 Cisco VLAN Trunking Protocol Cisco Per VLAN Spanning Tree Protocol Cisco Proprietary C-CC-CC-CC LLC SNAP PDU header PID 0x2003 Cisco Proprietary C-CC-CC-CD LLC SNAP PDU header PID 0x010B Table 28 Well known L2CP s Any L2CP s with one of the above destination addresses that are presented at an EPIPE service UNI may be handled in one of the following ways: 1. Discard - means that the network will discard ingress L2CP frames of a given protocol and destination address pair and will not generate that protocol and address pair on egress from the network. 2. Peer means that the network will actively participate with the protocol if the destination address is as specified. L2CPs that could be peered include: Link Aggregation Control Protocol (LACP/LAMP), IEEE ah Link OAM protocol and Ethernet LMI protocol (E-LMI). 3. Tunnel means that frames are transparently passed to a given EVC for transport across the network to the destination UNI(s). Tunnelled frames are carried like other Service Frames. The available EPIPE services have differing capabilities in regard to support for processing Layer 2 Control Protocols (L2CP s). Appendix A contains a list of L2CP treatment by protocol type for each EPIPE service. NB - The All LANs Bridge Management Group Address (01-80-C ) has been officially deprecated in 802.1Q-2005, which states that address should not be used for Bridge management or for any other purpose. The recommended protocol for remote Bridge management is SNMP, which typically uses IP as a Network Layer protocol Ethernet Virtual Connection Service Attributes An EVC is an association of two or more UNI s. It connects UNI s enabling the transfer of Service Frames between them and prevents transfer between UNI s that are not part of the same EVC. A UNI can support more than one EVC if the Service Multiplexing attribute is enabled. EVC s are bi-directional with Service Frames able to originate at any UNI in an EVC. Service Frames are never delivered back to the UNI they originated from. EVC service attributes listed in the following paragraphs describe the characteristics of the EVC(s) at each UNI EVC Type

73 EPIPE Product Description 73 EPIPE services currently support two types of EVC Point to Point The point to point EVC is associated with exactly two UNI s and a Service Frame originated at one UNI can only egress at the other UNI. Multipoint to Multipoint The multipoint to multipoint EVC is associated with two or more UNI s and a Service Frame originated at one of the UNI s can egress at one or more of the other UNI s EVC Identifier Each EVC or OVC of an EPIPE service is assigned a unique Identifier. The EVC ID is not carried in any field of the Service Frames. This identifier (designation) will appear on invoices and should be quoted when reporting service faults as primary information. The format of the designation follows the Vodafone standard and consists of a prefix of three alphanumeric characters followed by a suffix that is a unique 6 or 7 digit integer. Each EPIPE service type has a specific prefix as shown in Table 29. Service Type Designation Prefix Example Service Designation EPL EPL EPL EVPL EVL EVL EPLAN EPN EPN EVPLAN EVN EVN Access EPL APL APL Access EVPL AVL AVL Table 29 EPIPE service identifiers Maximum number of UNI s This attribute defines the maximum number of UNI s that can be in the EVC/OVC. For EPIPE services that use point to point EVC s or OVC s this value will be two. For EPIPE services that use multipoint to multipoint EVC s this will be two or greater Service Frame Delivery Service Frames are classified as either Data Service Frames or Layer 2 Control Protocol Frames and may be Unicast, MultiCast or Broadcast. The Service Frame Delivery attribute defines how EPIPE Ingress Services Frames may be processed by the network as follows: a. Discard: The Service Frame is discarded. An example is a Service Frame containing a particular Layer 2 Control protocol, (e.g., IEEE 802.3x), that is always discarded at the UNI. All ingress Service Frames with an invalid FCS will be discarded by the network. b. Deliver Unconditionally: No matter what the content (assuming correct FCS) of the Service Frame, it is delivered across the other (egress) UNI(s). This might be the behaviour of a Point-to-Point EVC. c. Deliver Conditionally: The Service Frame is delivered across an egress UNI if certain conditions are met. An example of such a condition is broadcast throttling where some Service Frames with the broadcast destination MAC address are dropped to limit the amount of such traffic. When this option is in force the conditions will be specified. d. Tunnel: This applies only to Layer 2 Control Protocol Service Frames (refer ).

74 EPIPE Product Description CE VLAN ID Preservation A Service Frame is said to have its CE-VLAN ID preserved when the relationship between an ingress Service Frame and its corresponding egress Service Frame(s) is as described in Table 30. Ingress Service Frame Has no IEEE 802.1Q Tag Contains an IEEE 802.1Q Tag Egress Service Frames Has no IEEE 802.1Q Tag Contains an IEEE 802.1Q Tag with the VLAN ID equal to the VLAN ID of the Tag on the ingress Service Frame Table 30 CE VLAN ID Preservation definition An EPIPE EVC with the CE-VLAN ID Preservation Service Attribute enabled will preserve the CE-VLAN ID for Service Frames as described in Table 30. CE-VLAN ID/EVC Map Characteristic All to One Bundling at all UNIs All other cases Service Frames with CE-VLAN ID Preserved All Data Service Frames All tagged Data Service Frames with VLAN ID in the range Table 31 CE VLAN ID/EVC Map and CE VLAN ID Preservation When an EVC includes a UNI with the bundling attribute enabled the EVC will have the CE-VLAN ID Preservation service attribute. For EPIPE services with CE VLAN ID Preservation there is no constraint on the customer choice of VLAN ID or the number of CE-VLAN IDs (i.e. no co-ordination of numbering required with Vodafone) CE VLAN CoS Preservation In an EVC with the CE-VLAN CoS Preservation attribute enabled, an egress Service Frame resulting from an ingress Service Frame that contains a CE-VLAN CoS value will have the identical CE VLAN CoS value EVC Layer 2 Control Protocol Processing In an EPIPE EVC the Layer 2 Control Protocol Processing attribute can be set to either tunnel or discard. When tunnelling is enabled the frame will be carried across the Vodafone network without being processed and delivered to the proper UNI or UNI s. The egress frame will be identical to the ingress frame when tunnelled CoS Identifier A Class of Service (CoS) is a commitment by Vodafone to provide a defined level of performance to a set of Ethernet frames. For EPIPE services there is a single CoS traffic classes. The class has specified performance objectives that are described in the Service Level Agreement (SLA) for the service. The CoS traffic class that applies to a Service Frame, is identified by a Class of Service Identifier (CoS ID) that is indicated by the content in one or more fields in the Service Frame. There are three ways that may be used to determine the CoS ID from the content of an Ethernet frame as follows: Class of Service Identifier Based on EVC In this case, all ingress Data Service Frames mapped to the EVC will be assigned the same Class of Service Identifier. Class of Service Identifier Based on Priority Code Point Field

75 EPIPE Product Description 75 In this case, the Class of Service Identifier for an ingress Data Service Frame will be determined by the EVC and the value of the 802.1Q VLAN PCP field (i.e. CE-VLAN CoS). Class of Service Identifier Based on DSCP In this case, the Class of Service Identifier for an ingress Data Service Frame containing an IP packet in the payload will be determined by the EVC and the value of the DSCP field in the IP packet header. With EPIPE services only option a) is used EVC Related Performance EVC Related performance attributes specify Service Frame delivery performance. For EPIPE services there are four performance attributes that are used in SLA s: Frame Delay (FD) the time to deliver a frame from source to destination Inter Frame Delay Variation (IFDV) - the difference in delay of two Service Frames belonging to the same CoS instance Frame Loss Ratio (FLR) - a measure of the number of lost frames between the ingress UNI and the egress UNI Availability - a measure of the percentage of time that a service is useable Performance Attributes apply to Qualified Service Frames, which are frames that have an Ingress Bandwidth Profile compliance of Green and have the correct CoS ID EVC Maximum Transmission Unit Size The EVC Maximum Transmission Unit size service attribute specifies the maximum Service Frame size (in bytes) allowed on the EVC. The default EVC MTU Size for EPIPE is 2000 bytes. Jumbo frames with payload field lengths larger than 1500 bytes are able to be supported with EPIPE services and 9126 byte UNI EVC MTU sizes can be supplied in some instances. Customers should check with solutions consultant to confirm availability prior to order. Every UNI in the EVC must be capable of supporting the EVC MTU Service Frame size. The EVC MTU size for each EVC at the UNI must be less than or equal to the UNI MTU size. An EVC may contain UNIs that don t have equal MTU sizes.

76 EPIPE Product Description Appendix C - NID Technical Specifications 3916 NID Specifications Figure NID Feature Specification Power Rating AC System (Single or Dual Power Input) VAC, 50/60 Hz, 2 Amps DC System (Single Power Input) +/-24 VDC or +/- 48 VDC, 2 Amps max Power Consumption Maximum Power Consumption 38 W Connector Types NNI / UNI Ports as follows: Ports 1 to 4 speed is 100/1000 Mbps Ports 5 and 6 speed is 1000 Mbps UNI Ports as follows: Ports 1 and 2 speed is 10/100/1000 Mbps Console Port SFP optics RJ-45 RJ-45 (EIA-561) Physical Chassis Dimensions 4.4 cm H x 33.3 cm W x 20.1 cm D (1.75 in H x 13.1 in W x 7.9 in D) Rack Unit Height Weight (system and SFPs) 1 RU 2.3 kg (5.1 pounds) Environmental Ambient Operating Temperature Indoor locations and partially controlled environments 0C to +50C (32F to 122F) Operating Humidity 5-90%, non-condensing Table NID specifications

77 EPIPE Product Description NID Specifications Figure NID Feature Specification Power Rating AC Input Power External AC adapter with input voltages of 100V to 240V, 47 Hz to 63 Hz. Provides 5V DC at 2.5 Amps Power Consumption Maximum Power Consumption 7 W Typical 5 W Connector Types NNI Port (1 Gigabit) SFP optic UNI Port (10/100/1000 Mbps) Console Port RJ-45 RJ-45 (EIA-561) Physical Chassis Dimensions 3.1 cm H x 15.1 cm H x 15 cm D (1.21 in H x 5.96 in H x 5.9 in D) Form Factor Mounting Options Plastic clamshell Desktop Wallmount Environmental Ambient Operating Temperature Indoor temperature controlled environments 0C to +40 C (32 F to 104 F) Operating Humidity 15% to 85% non-condensing Table NID specifications

78 EPIPE Product Description NID Specifications Figure NID Feature Specification Power Rating AC System (Single or Dual Power Input) VAC, 50/60 Hz, 2 Amps DC System (Single Power Input) +/-24 VDC or +/- 48 VDC, 2 Amps max Power Consumption Maximum Power Consumption 38 W Connector Types NNI / UNI Ports as follows: Ports 1 to 4 speed is 100/1000 Mbps Ports 5 and 6 speed is 1000 Mbps UNI Ports as follows: Ports 1 and 2 speed is 10/100/1000 Mbps Console Port SFP optics RJ-45 RJ-45 (EIA-561) Physical Chassis Dimensions 4.4 cm H x 33.3 cm W x 20.1 cm D (1.75 in H x 13.1 in W x 7.9 in D) Rack Unit Height Weight (system and SFPs) 1 RU 2.3 kg (5.1 pounds) Environmental Ambient Operating Temperature Indoor locations and partially controlled environments 0C to +50C (32F to 122F) Operating Humidity 5-90%, non-condensing Table NID specifications