Generalized MPLS UNI Introduction and Deployment

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2 Generalized MPLS UNI Introduction and Deployment BRKMPL-3010 Santiago Álvarez Distinguished Engineer

3 Agenda Motivation Technology Overview Dynamic Optical Path Setup Diverse Optical Path Setup Deployment Considerations Summary 3

4 IP Traffic Growing Sharply Source: Cisco Visual Networkin Index (VNI) 15 billion networked devices in 2015, up from 7 billion in 2010 IP traffic will grow 4-fold from 2010 to 2015 (32% CAGR ) Mobile data traffic will grow 26-fold from 2010 to 2015 (92% CAGR ) IP traffic will reach an annual run rate of Exabytes in 2015 (equivalent to 241 billion DVDs ) Mobile was 1% of total IP traffic in 2010, and will be 8% of total IP traffic in

5 Convergence Requires Network Agility Eliminating Rigid, Costly, Separate Networks Divided Networks IP Network Data Center A Transport Network Data Center C Data Center B 1 2 IP Engineering requests path from transport team Transport Planning researches capacity for best path Up to 2 Months 3 Transport Operations provisions network path at each node IP Operations provisions VPN service 1 Week 3 Weeks 4 Weeks 2 Weeks 4 5

6 Elastic Network: Agile and Efficient nlight Technology Reduce Provisioning Time from Months to Minutes Core Reuse over 90% of Fiber Infrastructure CAPEX Edge Recycle Capacity by Eliminating Over Provisioning CRS Existing 10G Fiber, Amplifiers, Dispersion ASR 9000 Compensation Modules, nlight Control Plane built on GMPLS nlight Silicon for Coherent 100G+, 3000km w/o Regeneration nlight ROADMs: Zero-Touch Optical Up to 36% TCO Savings and over 90% Fiber CAPEX Reuse 6

7 nlight GMPLS UNI Use Cases Dynamic Path Setup Path Diversity R1 R2 R1 R2 Signaled lambda Packet Domain Disjoint paths R3 Packet Domain R1 R2 R1 R2 R3 Signaled lambda Packet Domain Disjoint paths Packet Domain Optical Domain Optical Domain 7

8 Technology Overview

9 GMPLS Introduction Generalized control plane for different types of network devices Packet-Switch Capable (PSC) Layer-2 Switch Capable (L2SC) Time-Division-Multiplex Capable (TDM) Lambda-Switch Capable (LSC) Fiber-Switch Capable (FSC) Two major models: peer (NNI) and overlay (UNI) Different label formats depending on network type Based on initial RSVP-TE, OSPF-TE and ISIS-TE extensions Strict separation of control and forwarding planes Supports bi-directional LSPs IP based control plane No IP based forwarding plane (no LDP) 9

10 GMPLS UNI Introduction User-Network Interface (UNI) to implement an overlay model between two networks Enables a Cisco router to signal paths dynamically through a DWDM network Paths may be signaled with diversity requirements Two UNI components Client: UNI-C in IOS XR (CRS / ASR9000) Network: UNI-N in (ONS 15454) Part of nlight Control Plane Building block for multi-layer routing H E L L O my name is I IPP H E L L O my name is Optical 10

11 GMPLS UNI Reference Model (IP+Optical) Control plane interface Client: UNI-C (packet) Network: UNI-N (optical) Separate packet and optical routing domains Optical topology known to UNI-N but not to UNI-C Head UNI UNI-C RSVP RSVP RSVP UNI UNI-C RSVP Tail Packet Domain UNI-C initiates LSP signaling UNI-N UNI-N UNI-N performs path computation through optical domain Optical Domain Common address space between UNI-C and UNI-N to enable signaling UNI honors administrative boundaries while allowing controlled interaction Control plane Forwarding plane 11

12 IP Communication Channel (IPCC) Used by GMPLS nodes to exchange control-plane information Signaling Routing Link management Control channels exist independently of TE links Not required to use same physical medium as data-bearing links Separate wavelength/fiber Ethernet link Overhead bits IP tunnel Head UNI UNI-C UNI-N TE Link IPCC Packet Domain Optical Domain 12

13 Link Management Protocol (LMP) Performs two core functions Control channel management Link property correlation GMPLS nodes require an LMP adjacency formed over one or more bidirectional control channels Runs over UDP with mechanisms for reliable message transmission Includes mechanisms for LMP neighbor discovery Most messages exchanged over control channel Can also provide link connectivity verification and fault management 13

14 Dynamic Optical Path Setup

15 GMPLS UNI Dynamic Path Setup IOS XR R1 R2 Router can signal a path dynamically through an optical (ONS 15454) network using GMPLS R1 Signaled lambda Signaled lambda R2 Optical Domain Packet Domain Packet Domain Router initiates signaling ROADM computes path and signals optical path LSP state drives controller and physical interface state on router Support for HA including ISSU Router interface is fully layer-3 and Layer- 2 capable (including bundling) Router interface may or may not run MPLS 15

16 Path Computation and Signaling UNI-C (Head) Initiates signaling (default lambda) No explicit path (ERO) defined / signaled Signaling initiated towards remote UNI-C (optical loopback or optical link address) Bi-directional path (upstream and downstream labels) UNI-N Arrival of PATH message without ERO triggers path computation to destination across optical domain Establishment of optical path (trail) required for UNI signaling to proceed 16

17 Signaling Path Setup Head initiates tunnel signaling UNI-C 1 UNI PATH (upstream label = default lambda) Optical impairment check UNI-N 2 4 Optical path computation, trail signaling initiated Trail Downstream PATH Trail Upstream PATH UNI-N 3 Optical impairment check UNI-C Trail Downstream RESV Trail established UNI PATH ERROR (upstream label = lambda) 6 Per-hop optical parameters Trail Upstream RESV 5 Trail established Tunnel established 8 UNI PATH (upstream label = lambda) UNI RESV (Label = lambda) UNI PATH (upstream label = lambda) UNI RESV (Label = lambda) UNI PATH (upstream label = lambda) UNI RESV (Label = lambda) 7 Tunnel established 17

18 Generalized Label for Lambda-Switch-Capable (LSC) Label Switching Routers Grid Channel Spacing Identifier n 3 bits 4 bits 9 bits 16 bits Grid Optical grid as defined in ITU-T G Channel Spacing Spacing between DWDM channels in GHz Identifier Per-node distinguisher between lasers than can transmit same lambda n value used to compute frequency (two s complement) Grid Value Reserved 0 ITU-T DWDM ITU-T CWDM 1 2 Future Use 3-7 DWDM Channel Spacing (GHz) Value Reserved Future Use 5-15 Frequency (THz) = THz + n * channel spacing (THz) 18

19 DWDM Interface State with GMPLS Physical interface goes up when GMPLS signaling complete and wavelength programmed on controller Interface goes down if tunnel brought down (signaling error, configuration removal) Interface stays up if control plane goes down (e.g. RP failure) and no error is generated Admin shutdown or Signaling error or OIR or GMPLS config removal UP Transient control plane failure Signaling complete and Hardware programmed DOWN 19

20 Configuration Framework Three main configuration tasks TE Link IP Control Channel Tunnel (head only) DWDM controller associated with GMPLS UNI configuration Head UNI-C UNI No tunnel interface (e.g. tunnel-gte) associated with GMPLS LSP Packet Domain Single tunnel path option UNI-N Tunnel id cannot conflict with any other point-to-point TE tunnel Id including auto-tunnel Optical Domain LMP configuration on separate config submode (config under traffic-eng submode deprecated) TE Link No configuration changes on physical interface (fully layer-2 and layer-3 capable including bundling) IPCC 20

21 Head-end Base Configuration interface Loopback0 description PACKET ROUTER ID ipv4 address interface Loopback1 description OPTICAL ROUTER ID ipv4 address interface GigabitEthernet0/0/0/8 description OPTICAL CONTROL PLANE ipv4 address interface HundredGigE0/1/0/0 description LOOK MOM: I WAS SIGNALED VIA GMPLS ipv4 address controller dwdm0/1/0/0 admin-state in-service router static address-family ipv4 unicast / Head UNI rid: rid: rid: rid: UNI-C UNI-C link-id: Packet routing Domain: 10/8 Optical routing Domain: /16 (IPCC) /16 (Link Id) Optical router id must be reachable UNI RSVP RSVP RSVP RSVP rid: rid: UNI-N UNI-N link-id: link-id: Tail Packet Domain link-id: Optical Domain 21

22 Head-end Base Configuration (cont.) lmp gmpls optical-uni controller dwdm0/1/0/0 neighbor HEAD-UNI-N neighbor link-id ipv4 unicast neighbor interface-id unnumbered 11 link-id ipv4 unicast Static TE Link Properties (non routable) neighbor HEAD-UNI-N Static Control Channel ipcc routed Adjacency (routable) router-id ipv4 unicast router-id ipv4 unicast rsvp controller dwdm0/1/0/0 signalling refresh out-of-band interval mpls traffic-eng gmpls optical-uni controller dwdm0/1/0/0 tunnel-properties tunnel-id 100 destination ipv4 unicast path-option 10 no-ero lockdown end Optical Router Id (routable) Daily RSVP State Refresh GMPLS Tunnel Configuration 22

23 Tail-end Base Configuration Head UNI rid: rid: rid: rid: UNI-C UNI-C link-id: Packet routing Domain: 10/8 Optical routing Domain: /16 (IPCC) /16 (Link Id) link-id: UNI link-id: RSVP RSVP RSVP RSVP rid: rid: UNI-N UNI-N Tail Packet Domain link-id: Optical Domain Optical router id must be reachable interface Loopback0 description PACKET ROUTER ID ipv4 address interface Loopback1 description OPTICAL ROUTER ID ipv4 address interface GigabitEthernet0/0/0/8 description OPTICAL CONTROL PLANE ipv4 address interface HundredGigE0/1/0/0 description LOOK MOM: I WAS SIGNALED VIA GMPLS ipv4 address controller dwdm0/1/0/0 admin-state in-service router static address-family ipv4 unicast /

24 Tail-end Base Configuration (cont.) lmp gmpls optical-uni controller dwdm0/1/0/0 neighbor TAIL-UNI-N neighbor link-id ipv4 unicast neighbor interface-id unnumbered 22 link-id ipv4 unicast Static TE Link Properties (non routable) neighbor TAIL-UNI-N ipcc routed router-id ipv4 unicast router-id ipv4 unicast rsvp controller dwdm0/1/0/0 signalling refresh out-of-band interval Static Control Channel Adjacency (routable) mpls traffic-eng gmpls optical-uni controller dwdm0/1/0/0 end Optical Router Id (routable) Daily RSVP State Refresh No GMPLS Tunnel Configuration (tunnel still bidirectional) 24

25 Diverse Optical Path Setup

26 GMPLS UNI Diverse Path Setup IOS XR Router head can signal requirements for path diversity against one or more specific LSPs R1 R2 ROADM includes path diversity requirements in path computation Disjoint paths R3 Packet Domain Source and destination of signaled LSP may differ from LSP from which diversity is required R1 Disjoint paths R2 R3 Packet Domain Optical Domain 26

27 Diverse Path Computation and Signaling UNI-C (Head) Initiates signaling (default lambda) No explicit path (ERO) defined/signaled LSP exclusions (XRO) signaled to enable path diversity Exclusions can be strict (MUST exclude) or best effort (SHOULD exclude) Signaling initiated towards remote UNI-C (optical loopback or optical link address) Bi-directional path (upstream and downstream labels) UNI-N Arrival of PATH message without ERO triggers optical path computation to destination across optical domain LSP exclusions used as additional input for optical path computation Establishment of optical path (trail) required for UNI signaling to proceed 27

28 Signaling Diverse Path Setup Head initiates tunnel signaling including LSP exclusion UNI-C 1 UNI PATH (upstream label = default lambda) Optical impairment check Trail established UNI PATH ERROR (upstream label = lambda) UNI-N Optical path computation subject to LSP exclusions, trail signaling initiated Trail Downstream PATH Trail Downstream RESV Per-hop optical parameters Trail Upstream PATH Trail Upstream RESV UNI-N 3 Optical impairment check 5 Trail established UNI-C Tunnel established 8 UNI PATH (upstream label = lambda) UNI RESV (Label = lambda) UNI PATH (upstream label = lambda) UNI RESV (Label = lambda) UNI PATH (upstream label = lambda) UNI RESV (Label = lambda) 7 Tunnel established 28

29 Head-end Base Configuration interface Loopback0 description PACKET ROUTER ID ipv4 address interface Loopback1 description OPTICAL ROUTER ID ipv4 address interface GigabitEthernet0/0/0/8 description OPTICAL CONTROL PLANE ipv4 address interface HundredGigE0/1/0/0 description LOOK MOM: I WAS SIGNALED VIA GMPLS ipv4 address controller dwdm0/1/0/0 admin-state in-service router static address-family ipv4 unicast / Head UNI rid: rid: rid: rid: UNI-C UNI-C link-id: Packet routing Domain: 10/8 Optical routing Domain: /16 (IPCC) /16 (Link Id) Optical router id must be reachable RSVP RSVP rid: UNI-N 1 link-id: UNI RSVP RSVP rid: UNI-N link-id: Tail Packet Domain link-id: Optical Domain 29

30 Head-end Base Configuration (cont.) lmp gmpls optical-uni controller dwdm0/1/0/0 neighbor HEAD-UNI-N neighbor link-id ipv4 unicast neighbor interface-id unnumbered 11 link-id ipv4 unicast neighbor HEAD-UNI-N ipcc routed router-id ipv4 unicast router-id ipv4 unicast rsvp controller dwdm0/1/0/0 Static TE Link Properties (non routable) Static Control Channel Adjacency (routable) Optical Router Id (routable) signalling refresh out-of-band interval Daily RSVP State Refresh mpls traffic-eng attribute-set xro exclude-tun1-be exclude best-effort lsp source destination tunnel-id 1 extendedtunnel-id Strict (mandatory) path diversity requirement attribute-set xro exclude-tun1-s exclude strict lsp source destination tunnel-id 1 extendedtunnel-id gmpls optical-uni controller dwdm0/1/0/0 tunnel-properties tunnel-id 100 destination ipv4 unicast path-option 10 no-ero xro-attribute-set excludetun1-s lockdown Best effort (nonmandatory) path diversity requirement GMPLS Tunnel Configuration include diversity requirement * As of introduction of IOS XR 4.3.0, UNI-N does not support best effort exclusions 30

31 Deployment Considerations

32 Concurrent Static and Dynamic (Signaled) Lambda Configuration Controller can be configured with static in addition to GMPLS UNI signaling If signaling successful, signaled lambda takes precedence over static lambda Adding GMPLS UNI configuration to an operational controller with a static lambda expected to initiate signaling for existing lambda and not disrupt traffic 32

33 MPLS-TE and GMPLS Co-existence (IOS XR 4.3.0) Router would have two RSVP neighbors if packet network runs MPLS-TE on DWDM interface, RSVP neighbor over physical interface for MPLS TE signaling RSVP neighbor over controller for GMPLS signaling R1 RSVP RSVP RSVP R2 Packet Domain Separate RSVP refresh timers High frequency for MPLS TE signaling Low frequency for GMPLS signaling (lowest 2 32 ms or ~1.6 months) Optical Domain 33

34 GMPLS vs. MPLS TE (IOS XR 4.3.0) Header GMPLS UNI LSP TE LSP Path Bidirectional (upstream+downstream) Unidirectional (Downstream) End Point Roles Label One head + one tail DWDM Wavelength Label (32 bits) in control plane Circuit in forwarding plane One head + one tail (P2P) or multiple tails (P2MP) Packet label (20-bit) in control plane Packet label (20-bit part of shim header) in forwarding plane Path Computation UNI-N Head End Signaling Initiation Head End Head End Physical Interface Relationship 1:1 (fixed) N:1 (flexible) Signaling Routing Objects Signaling Label Objects No ERO Optional XRO RRO (optional) Generalized Label Request (PATH) Upstream Label (PATH) Generalized Label (RESV) Acceptable Label Set (PATH) ERO RRO (optional) Label Request (PATH) Label (RESV) Signaled Bandwidth Fixed CT0 (controller rate) Configurable CT0/CT1 Reservation Style Fixed Filter (FF) Shared Explicit (SE) Tunnel Id Static Static Dynamic (auto-tunnel) Tunnel Destination UNI-C optical router id UNI-C optical link address Router id Interface id Protection N/A FRR Path protection Preemption N/A Hard Soft Re-optimization N/A Hitless 34

35 Product Support IOS XR Release Available now CRS hardware support 1OC768-DPSK/C 1OC768-DPSK/C-O= 1OC768-ITU/C 4-10GE-ITU/C 1-100GE-DWDM/C (=) ASR 9000 hardware support Mod80 and Mod160 LCs (4-port/2-port 10GE MPA) w/ 8xDWDM-XFP-C (DWDM optics) 24 x 10GE LC with 10GE SFP+ DWDM optics ONS Rel

36 Summary

37 Summary Explosive traffic growth and changing traffic patterns driving requirements for agile IP+Optical integration Cisco nlight uses GMPLS as control plane to enable an elastic network infrastructure Cisco GMPLS UNI implementation allows controlled interaction between packet and optical domains to Dynamically set up paths between routers across a DWDM network Signaling and computation of diverse optical paths Solution available in Cisco CRS, ASR 9000 and ONS products today 37

38 Related Sessions TECSPG Integrating IP and Optical networks BRKSPG Enabling IP+Optical Converged Networks with NCS BRKOPT WSON and Impact on an IP+Optical ML Control Plane 38

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