Obstacles and Solutions to Mine Communications. Ron White May 29, 2014 Rev. 1

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1 Obstacles and Solutions to Mine Communications Ron White May 29, 2014 Rev. 1

2 Agenda Obstacles and Solutions for Connectivity to Multiple Onboard 3 rd Party Applications RF Design Hardware Requirements, Onboard and Infrastructure Data Requirements Technology Clutter

Access Points located on top of Mtn s, buildings, towers, etc.

3 Problem Area - RF Design & Interference Mitigation 1. Typical outdoor design philosophies (that present problems in open pit mines) High and Powerful Access Points located on top of Mtn s, buildings, towers, etc. to get coverage to all the necessary nooks and cranny s Powerful because higher signal strengths yield higher throughputs Problems? Client count Interference Signal strengths

pit mines) Large Infrastructure counts Overlap reduced by signal

4 Problem Area - RF Design & Interference Mitigation 2. Typical outdoor design philosophies (that present problems in open pit mines) Large Infrastructure counts Overlap reduced by signal attenuation from buildings, trees, etc. Problems? Interference Near/Far Hidden Node

5 Problem Area - RF Design & Interference Mitigation 3. Typical outdoor design philosophies (that present problems in open pit mines) Add another AP! Problems? Coverage problems are often thought of as easily resolved by adding another AP (Add another off Ramp) Severe interference and retries

Solution - RF Design & Interference Mitigation

frequent re-design/re-deploy due to movement of the

6 Solution - RF Design & Interference Mitigation Design & Deploy Proper RF Zones Proper Channel Selection Low Power/Low Gain and Directional Antennas Terrain Masking/Downtilt Antennas Requires frequent re-design/re-deploy due to movement of the mine Smart Connection Management to handle fast/appropriate roaming

Dust/Water intrusion Heat/Cold Cabling requirements Onboard

7 Problem Area - Onboard Hardware Requirements It s all about reliability Downtime costs you by the minute Shock and vibe Dust/Water intrusion Heat/Cold Cabling requirements Onboard grounding problems Coverage over varying terrain & distance

Problem Area Infrastructure Hardware Requirements Robust Infrastructure Hardware Harsh Environments Severe Heat/Cold Heavy Corrosion from

8 Problem Area Infrastructure Hardware Requirements Robust Infrastructure Hardware Harsh Environments Severe Heat/Cold Heavy Corrosion from frequently being located on or near leach dumps Frequent movement Infra typically isn t on fixed towers, but rather on easy to move trailers.

9 Solution Custom Designed Hardware Appropriately rated onboard hardware Cabling custom designed for the application High power radios with low gain antennas Allowing appropriate vertical and horizontal coverage Ability to reduce coverage distances through power adjustments. Infrastructure mounting solutions custom designed for the environment Easy mobility Strength for heavy infra. radio applications Power for light or heavy loads Galvanized steel to handle the environment

10 Problem Area Real-Time Data Applications Legacy applications not intended for network communications Coverage vs. Throughput Typically heavy coverage requirement Typically relatively low throughput requirement Real-time apps often generate high packet counts Applications are often designed in office with little thought to wireless network limitations Frequent Scope Creep as reliable communications become available, new requirements and applications appear. Access to data can be limited due to desire for multiple applications to collect data on a single port, or limited application availability.

11 Solution Network Integration Platform, Advanced QoS, and Network Management Interface tools enabling network access to legacy applications Heatmap tools designed to allow network monitoring and intelligent management decisions, with knowledge from the client experience. Application management, allowing tighter control over bandwidth utilization than QoS settings. Automatic bandwidth limiting of specific applications based on network location, time, conditions, etc. Enable user access to raw data, including ability to access data from multiple applications

12 Problem Area Technology Clutter New Technology quickly becomes required equipment Hardware required for these new products becomes Technology Clutter Can present maintenance, production, ergonomic, and safety problems.

sharing data from I/O ports to onboard information such as machine health Tablet and One Display

13 Solution Open Networking and Computing Platform Open platform allowing hardware to be shared between multiple applications Virtual Machine environment Resource sharing Radio interface GPS Data Historian sharing data from I/O ports to onboard information such as machine health Tablet and One Display application allowing a single screen to provide interface to multiple applications, with smart alert monitoring.

14 The Future Who would have dreamed?

15 Who is 3D-P IEP? Founded in 1996 Purposed to bring value add technology to mining vertical Customer driven to utilize open methodologies and unique mining, manufacturing, and IT knowledge to provide: Wireless data networks for open pit mining Communication to new as well as legacy applications Open access to data Hardware Ruggedized for mining which can deliver both virtual and physical interface capability as well as application hosting. 3D-P Mission Statement: 3D-P believes in technology for mining, designed by people who know mining. We solve the technology problems miners face by making products that are easy to use, give them direct access to their data, and eliminate technology clutter.

What We Do Enable and unleash the power of productivity, asset health, & safety applications for surface mines Wireless data networks for mines Operations Office (Endpoint Manager, WiNG 5.

16 What We Do Enable and unleash the power of productivity, asset health, & safety applications for surface mines Wireless data networks for mines Operations Office (Endpoint Manager, WiNG 5.4 WLAN Controller, Wireless Manager) Backhaul Layer (Canopy PTPs) Application Interfacing Tools Manufacture Intelligent Endpoints for on-machine network access, resource sharing and application hosting. Provide management software applications to simplify administration of the wireless network and all the onboard connections. Distribution Layer (Canopy PMPs) Access / Mobility Layer (7181 or IAPs) Client Layer (Intelligent Endpoints) Support and Services

17 The Intelligent Endpoint (IEP)

18 LTE Endpoints First customer deployment is complete. Network is moving into a second phase (additional Endpoints). Significant development around connection management and handling L2 communications Infrastructure for first deployment is Alcatel-Lucent (Private Network) Working with additional vendors for infrastructure (Rogers, Challenge, Oceus)

19 e200 - e300 Shared Specifications: RS-232 x6 Gig Eth x4* (Managed) CAN x2 DIO 4xin 4xout USB x1 GPS (WAAS HPGPS w/ Glonass Option) External SIM Option* for LTE Dual Radio Capable IP67/-40C +75C/10g Shock/20g Vib e200 Specific 2GB DDR Ram 16GB msata SSD Dual-Core e300 Specific 8GB DDR Ram 64GB msata SSD Pentium 1.7GHz Field Follow June

20 t300 Falcon Ruggedized tablet computer in multi-layered chassis designed to withstand the rigors of mining Bright and crisp 10.4 sunlight readable display Five-wire resistive display for responsive feedback to stylus, fingertip or even gloved touch Intel Atom TM 1.6 GHz Standalone version pre-loaded with Windows Pro 7 Pre-loaded with Linux, the t300 can be paired with e300 as an all-in-one computing platform plus display RAM vehicle mount system with quick-release

21 The osi-suite

22 Example Deployment Third Party Applications: Asset Mgmt HPGPS FMS

23 Reducing Technology Clutter From reduced radios onboard to reduced screens in the cab, reducing technology clutter is at our core. Remove extra radios Remove the onboard Ethernet switch Remove RS-232 to Ethernet converters Remove VPN client hardware Remove asset health data logger hardware Remove multiple GPS Antennas Remove 3 rd party application hardware Designed for mining Rugged Mining specific IO capabilities Resource sharing software

24 Reducing Technology Clutter (Cont.) How is it managed? Friendly Unfriendly Hosted and/or using 3D-P Virtualization Tools Un-aware of 3D-P virtualization (although possibly receiving data from those tools) Resource Sharing Network Sharing/Management Tools GPS Data File Transfer Date/Time Services Caterpillar VIMS Telemetry These tools simplify the job of certifying new applications/connections to the 3D-P IEP.

25 One Display One Display - Reducing Technology Clutter Simplified Approach Show the video from hosted and non-hosted applications on a single screen Monitor those applications for pre-defined alerts and alarms and prioritize viewing based on those alarms. Where VNC server is available on applications, no requirement for application vendor support.

26 LTE Endpoints First customer deployment is complete. Network is moving into a second phase (additional Endpoints). Significant development around connection management and handling L2 communications Infrastructure for first deployment is Alcatel-Lucent (Private Network) Working with additional vendors for infrastructure (Rogers, Challenge, Oceus)

27 Custom Solution Case Study Case Study: Traffic control for safer operations and prioritization of production Restrict traffic from crossing haul road at intersection LV to HV interactions Desire to prioritize production vehicles

28 Geofence Geofence

29 Conclusion Properly designed networks can meet user requirements Robust Appropriate Throughput Appropriate Coverage Open access to onboard data, including sharing between multiple applications is available. Utilizing Open hardware/software platforms can help in reducing technology clutter.

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