Vendor: Alcatel-Lucent. Exam Code: 4A Exam Name: Alcatel-Lucent Multiprotocol Label Switching. Version: Demo

Transcription

1 Vendor: Alcatel-Lucent Exam Code: 4A0-103 Exam Name: Alcatel-Lucent Multiprotocol Label Switching Version: Demo

2 QUESTION 1 You wish to advertise LDP labels for all local networks; which is the most effective policy statement to use? A. from prefix-list direct B. match local C. from protocol direct D. match protocol direct E. from protocol local Correct Answer: C QUESTION 2 Which of the following indicates the path over which an LSP's tail end router will return an RSVP RESV message? A. The IGP FIB. B. The Reservation State Block (RSB) C. The Path State Block (PSB) D. The opaque database. Correct Answer: C QUESTION 3 Click on the exhibit button below. With fast reroute enabled, and given the following: Two protected LSPs with the path R1-R2-R3 Both LSPs enable facility bypass and link protection. When router R1 is the PLR, which router becomes the MP? A. Router R1 B. Router R2 C. Router R3 D. Router R4 E. Router R5 QUESTION 4 Click on the exhibit button below.

3 Given the output below, which of the following statements are true? (Choose three) A. A packet arriving with label and destined for prefix /32 will be forwarded out interface 1/1/4, with label B. LDP ECMP is enabled. C. The router's system address is /32. D. There are multiple LSPs to reach FEC /32. E. The router cannot receive any unlabeled packets destined for prefix /32. Correct Answer: ABD QUESTION 5 Which of the following statements best describe MPLS fast reroute characteristics? (Choose two) A. Fast reroute requires you to manually define detour paths. B. Fast reroute provides path protection close to the failure point C. Fast reroute performs automatic path calculation and signaling. D. Fast reroute protects both primary and secondary paths. C QUESTION 6 During node protection signaling, the PLR knows the address of the MP from which of the following methods?

4 A. The PLR issues a RSVP path message to the destination router to request the address of the MP. B. The PLR learns the address of the MP from the ERO. C. The PLR learns the address of the MP from the RRO D. The PLR learns the address of the MP from the targeted RSVP hello message. E. The PLR does not need to know the address of the MP. Correct Answer: C QUESTION 7 What is the significance of receiving a packet with the bottom MPLS label S bit set to 1? A. It results in forwarding based on the next packet header. B. It indicates that the label is the bottom of the MPLS label stack. C. It indicates that the label is the top of the MPLS label stack. D. Any LSR that receives an S bit set to 1 must discard the packet. QUESTION 8 Which command can be used to verify the LDP settings for label distribution and retention? A. show router ldp default B. show router ldp parameters C. show router ldp settings D. show router mpls settings E. show router mpls label-options QUESTION 9 Router R3 signals an LSP, reserving 1Gbps bandwidth on a 10Gbps link. RSVP configuration limits reservable bandwidth to 20 percent on the egress interface. Which of the following statements is true? A. The egress RSVP interface has 80 percent bandwidth unreserved. B. LSPs can reserve an additional 9.9 Gbps bandwidth on this RSVP interface. C. The head end reserves 100Mbps for the LSP D. The egress RSVP interface has 1 Gbps bandwidth unreserved. Correct Answer: D QUESTION 10 Click on the exhibit button below.

5 Assuming that LSP R1-R2-R3 requests the default fast reroute configuration, which router becomes a DMP for the detour tunnels? A. Router R1 B. Router R2 C. Router R3 D. Router R4 E. Router R5 Correct Answer: E QUESTION 11 Which of the following message types does RSVP use to set up an LSP? (Choose two) A. Path message B. iler message C. Resv message D. LSP setup call request E. eler message Correct Answer: AC QUESTION 12 Assume that, on the Alcatel-Lucent 7750 SR, an LSP is configured with one-to-one FRR and node protection. Which of the following statements are FALSE? (Choose two) A. Each PLR signals a detour LSP that avoids the downstream node. If the downstream node cannot be avoided, a detour LSP that avoids the downstream link is signaled. B. The detour LSP can take one or more hops before merging back on the protected LSP. C. The merge point of the protected LSP must be the next-next-hop node D. The ingress router will set the local protection desired flag in the session attribute object of the path message to inform all routers along the protected LSP path to establish detour LSPs. E. The label recording desired flag must be set in the session attribute object in order for the PLR to know what label to swap when using the detour LSP. Correct Answer: CE QUESTION 13 Click on the exhibit button below.

6 With fast reroute enabled, and given the following: The protected LSP path is R1-R2-R3. All links are of equal cost. Which of the following statements is true? (Choose two) A. Router R1 is the LSP originator and is also a PLR. B. With one-to-one link or node protection, the detour LSP path is R1-R4-R5-R2-R3. C. With one-to-one link or node protection, the detour LSP path is R1-R4-R5-R3. D. If the R2-R3 link fails, router R3 becomes a PLR E. None of the nodes can be protected with FRR. Correct Answer: AC QUESTION 14 Which of the following statements regarding LSP path configuration are true? (Choose three) A. The path must include at least one hop. B. The path may be used multiple times in a single LSP. C. The path may comprise loose hop entries only. D. The path must define the LSP's tail end. E. The path may be used for multiple LSPs. Correct Answer: CE QUESTION 15 Click on the exhibit button below.

7 Consider the following: Routers R1 and R4 are in Area 1. Routers R4 and R5 in Area 0. Routers R5 and R3 are in Area 2. To support LDP-over-RSVP tunnels between routers R1 and R3 over path R1-R4-R5-R3, with which routers will router R5 require targeted sessions? (Choose two) A. Router R1 B. Router R4 C. Router R2 D. Router R3 D QUESTION 16 Which of the following statements best describes downstream unsolicited label distribution? A. An LER may answer requests for label mappings immediately, without waiting for a label mapping from the next-hop. B. An LER may advertise label mappings to all peers for which it might be a next-hop for a given FEC. C. An LER propagates a label mapping downstream for a FEC. only if it has a label mapping for the FEC next-hop. D. An LER will only distribute a label for a FEC when it has been requested to do so. QUESTION 17 In MPLS, labels are distributed in the opposite direction of the data flow. A. TRUE B. FALSE Correct Answer: A QUESTION 18

8 Click on the exhibit button below. Given the configuration below, what is the system ID of the destination node? A B C D. Cannot tell from this configuration E QUESTION 19 Which of the following is defined by the following statement? All label mappings received from all peer LSRs are saved. A. Conservative label retention B. Liberal label retention. C. Downstream on demand. D. Downstream unsolicited. QUESTION 20 What is the common usage of the MPLS EXP bits? A. Each implementation can use them as they see fit. B. They are used to carry the Ethertype value. C. They are used to carry the TTL value. D. They are used to carry QoS classification. E. They are used to carry fragmentation flag information Correct Answer: D QUESTION 21 If an LSP's loose primary path includes the statement "include green" and "exclude red;" how does CSPF choose the LSP's path?

9 A. CSPF chooses a link that is a member of both administrative groups B. CSPF chooses only those links that are NOT members of the green admin group C. CSPF prunes the green links and uses these links for the secondary path D. CSPF signals the LSP path over the green links only, and prunes all other links Correct Answer: D QUESTION 22 Click on the exhibit button below. Given the configuration below, which of the following scenarios is FALSE? A. Both the primary and secondary paths are explicitly defined. B. The primary path is active and the secondary path is in hot standby. C. The LSP defined will use the primary path and will signal the secondary path to become active if the primary path fails. D. The LSP has the same source and destination for both primary and secondary paths. QUESTION 23 Which of the following commands may only be used on the head end router to verify the status of an LSP named "LSP 1"? (Choose two) A. show router mpls Isp "LSP 1" originate B. show router mpls Isp "LSP 1" path detail C. show router rsvp session originate D. show router rsvp session "LSP 1" C QUESTION 24 Which of the following are the default settings for the Alcatel-Lucent 7750 SR when using LDP? A. Ordered control mode; downstream on demand. B. Ordered control mode; downstream unsolicited.

10 C. Independent control mode; downstream on demand. D. Independent control mode; downstream unsolicited. QUESTION 25 Which default LDP parameter are you able to change with CLI? A. Label space mode B. Label retention C. Control mode D. Keepalive factor Correct Answer: D QUESTION 26 Which of the following are characteristics of an LSP? (Choose two) A. It is unidirectional. B. It is bidirectional. C. It must always have a secondary path. D. It provides a specific tunnel for a FEC through the network. E. It always follows the IGP best path. Correct Answer: AD QUESTION 27 In MPLS, at which device are packets assigned to a FEC? A. LSR B. LER C. eler D. iler E. CE Correct Answer: D QUESTION 28 When configuring an LSP for fast reroute one-to-one protection, which of the following statements is true? A. The LSP can also use facility backup. B. The LSP is limited to node protection. C. You cannot request bandwidth on the protected LSP. D. Node protection can be disabled. Correct Answer: D QUESTION 29 Which of the following are functions of the MPLS control plane in a router? (Choose two) A. Label allocation and management. B. Label swapping. C. Pushing a label on an unlabeled packet. D. Label signaling. E. Routing lookups. Correct Answer: AD

11 QUESTION 30 Which of the following statements regarding RSVP refresh reduction are true1? (Choose two) A. Message-IDs replace individual refresh messages. B. Refresh reduction applies only to reservation messages. C. RSVP generates a summary-refresh message for each LSP. D. An LSP state change causes an incremented Message-ID. Correct Answer: AD QUESTION 31 Which of the following reservation styles can be used to prevent both the primary and secondary paths from booking resources on a common link? A. Fixed filter B. Shared explicit C. Standby explicit LSP D. Preemptive filter E. Link capacity filter QUESTION 32 Which of the following statements regarding RSVP-TE is FALSE? A. RSVP-TE operates in a downstream unsolicited label advertisement mode. B. RSVP-TE makes use of ordered control mode. C. RSVP-TE is an MPLS signaling protocol, based on the resource reservation protocol. D. RSVP-TE enables the establishment of explicitly routed LSPs that can be automatically routed away from network failures E. RSVP-TE supports explicitly routed LSPs using either loose or strict route definitions. Correct Answer: A QUESTION 33 Click on the exhibit button below: Consider the following: - Router R2 is an ABR in OSPF Areas 0 and 1. - Router R2 advertises the aggregate prefix /24 into Area 1. - Router R1 in Area 0 generates LDP labels for FECs /31 and /31 Router R3 in Area 1 places these FECs in its LIB, but it does not place them in its LFIB. What can you do on router R3 to make it populate these labels in its LFIB? A. Disable route summarization on router R3

12 B. Enable LDP aggregate prefix match C. Create an import policy to accept these FECs D. Disable LDP exact match on the specified FECs QUESTION 34 An LSP path is configured as follows: - Shared-explicit reservation style - Make-before-break (MBB) enabled - 500Mpbs bandwidth reserved on a 1Gbps link With 100Mbps of unreserved bandwidth remaining, the operator increases the LSP-path's bandwidth reservation to 900Mbps. What happens to the existing LSP? A. CSPF looks for the delta bandwidth, taking down the first path if necessary. B. CSPF looks for the delta bandwidth, implementing make-before-break. C. After 5 failed attempts to find the bandwidth requested, the head end disables the LSP. D. CSPF looks for the entire bandwidth requested, implementing MBB. QUESTION 35 Which approach to LSP path diversity provides the most control, but the least flexibility? A. Administrative Groups B. Shared Risk Link Groups C. Strict hop LSP paths D. Fast reroute Correct Answer: C QUESTION 36 If an Alcatel-Lucent 7750 LSR receives a labeled packet with a outer label TTL of 250 and an inner label TTL of 251, which of the following statements is true? A. The packet will be label switched; the outer label TTL will be 249 and the inner label TTL will be 250. B. The packet will be label switched; the outer label TTL will be 249 and the inner label TTL will be 251. C. The packet will be label switched; both the outer label TTL and the inner label TTL will be 250. D. The packet will be label switched; both the outer label TTL and the inner label TTL will be 249, because they must be the same. QUESTION 37 Which of the following statements best defines an LSP? A. An LSP is a bidirectional path across the MPLS domain. B. An LSP is a bidirectional path for a particular FEC across the MPLS domain. C. An LSP is a unidirectional path across the MPLS domain. D. An LSP is a bidirectional path between adjacent LSRs. E. An LSP is a unidirectional path between adjacent LSRs. Correct Answer: C QUESTION 38 Click on the exhibit button below.

13 Given the following fast reroute protected LSPs: -LSP1.R1-R4-R5-R3 -LSP2.R1-R4-R5-R2 Which routers become bypass tunnel PLRs? Choose two answers A. Router R1 B. Router R2 C. Router R3 D. Router R4 E. Router R5 Correct Answer: AE QUESTION 39 You wish to build an LSP originating on router R1, transiting the path R1-R2-R4-R5-R6, and terminating on router R6. How many strict hops would you define in your path statement? A. 4 B. 1 C. 5 D. 6 Correct Answer: A QUESTION 40 Which of the following statements regarding the last two octets of the LDP identifier is true? A. It is always a random 16-bit number. B. It is always zero for per-interface label space. C. It is always non-zero. D. It is always zero for per-platform label space. E. It is always non-zero for per-platform label space. Correct Answer: D QUESTION 41 Which of the following prerequisites must you configure on a router to enable LDP-over-RSVP support? (Choose two) A. Configure the T-LDP peers for tunneling. B. Configure tunneled T-LDP sessions between PE routers. C. Enable Idp-over-rsvp in the IGP configuration on the PEs and ABRs D. Enable LSP stitching on the RSVP LSPs Correct Answer: AC

14 QUESTION 42 Which of the following statements regarding RSVP path messages on an Alcatel-Lucent SR is true? A. The path message's IP header options field sets the router alert option. B. The IP header source address is the sender's egress interface address. C. The IP header destination address is the next-hop interface address. D. The IP header HOP object reflects the upstream router's egress interface address. Correct Answer: A QUESTION 43 What is the function of the MPLS label assigned to a packet? A. It identifies the FEC. B. It specifies the packet's header length C. It identifies the origin of the packet. D. It specifies the type of data contained in the packet Correct Answer: A QUESTION 44 Which of the following statements regarding DiffServ-TE LSPs is true? A. The Maximum Allocation Model (MAM) provides the most efficient bandwidth utilization model B. In the Maximum Allocation Model (MAM), each CT receives dedicated bandwidth constraints. C. In the Russian Doll Model (RDM), a CT2 LSP automatically preempts a CT1 LSP. D. Using the Russian Doll Mode! (RDM), a CT1 LSP may use unreserved CTO bandwidth. QUESTION 45 Which of the following routing protocols are supported on the Alcatel-Lucent 7750 SR to enable constraintbased LSPs? (Choose two) A. RIPv2-TE B. CSPF C. OSPF-TE D. ISIS-TE E. RSVP-TE Correct Answer: CD QUESTION 46 Which of the following statements is true when the implicit null is implemented? A. The penultimate router will POP the top label from the packets. B. The eler will receive packets with a top label value of 3. C. The eler will receive packets with a top label value of 0. D. The penultimate router will always receive unlabeled packets. E. The penultimate router performs a double lookup on the packet. Correct Answer: A QUESTION 47 Which of the following is described by the following statement? An LSR propagates a label mapping only for a FEC for which it has a label mapping for the FEC next-hop.

15 A. Independent control mode B. Ordered control mode C. Liberal label retention D. Conservative label retention E. Downstream on demand. QUESTION 48 Which of the following commands is used to display the database containing the OSPF-TE LSAs? A. show router ospf opaque-database B. show router ospf database C. show router ospf opaque-isa D. show router ospf te opaque Correct Answer: A QUESTION 49 Which of the following statements regarding LSPs are true? (Choose two) A. IGP-based LSPs are established solely from information contained in routing tables. B. The constraint-based routed LSP is calculated at the ingress of the network, based on the router database and user defined constraints. C. The constraint-based routed LSP is calculated at each hop of the LSP, based on the route table and user defined constraints. D. IGP-based LSPs must use LDP signaling. Correct Answer: AB QUESTION 50 Which of the following statements regarding LDP-over-RSVP are true? (Choose two) A. Targeted sessions must exist between all routers in the tunnel's path. B. Each LDP interface must be configured to support LDP tunneling. C. LDP prefixes resolve to an RSVP LSP, rather than to a physical egress interface. D. RSVP LSPs must exist between each PE-ABR pair, or ABR-ABR pair in each area. Correct Answer: CD QUESTION 51 Click on the exhibit button below.

16 Given the configuration shown, how much of a link's 100Mbps reservable bandwidth can an LSP access when configured for class-type 0 and priority 1? A. 10Mbps B. 20Mbps C. 30Mpbs D. 60Mbps E. 70Mbps Correct Answer: E QUESTION 52 Which of the following statements is true of an established LDP session? A. It uses a UDP connection with an arbitrary port number. B. It uses a UDP connection with well known port number 646. C. It uses a TCP connection with an arbitrary port number. D. It uses a TCP connection with well known port number 646. Correct Answer: D QUESTION 53 Click on the exhibit button below.

17 Which fields in this output uniquely identify the RSVP session belonging to a single LSP? (Choose three) A. Tunnel ID B. Name C. LSP ID D. To Correct Answer: ABC QUESTION 54 How many bits of the MPLS header are used for the label field? A. 16 B. 20 C. 24 D. 25 E. 32 QUESTION 55 Which of the following best describes constraint-based routing? A. A mechanism that implements opaque LSAs. B. A mechanism that computes routes based on defined user requirements. C. A mechanism that allows the IGP shortest path to be used. D. A mechanism that allows RSVP or LDP signaling to use a route other than the IGP best route to establish a LSP. QUESTION 56 A targeted-ldp session may exist between directly connected or non-directly connected devices A. TRUE B. FALSE Correct Answer: A QUESTION 57

18 On a point-to-point link, two directly connected routers set different interface hello timeout values. Router R1 uses 15 seconds, while router R2 uses 30 seconds. What happens to the LDP adjacency? A. The adjacency forms with the lower timeout value B. The "show router Idp session" command output displays the adjacency in state "init" C. The adjacency forms with the higher timeout value D. The adjacency times out after 30 seconds Correct Answer: A QUESTION 58 Router R4 originates 500 RSVP signaled LSPs with default hello and refresh timer settings If the only downstream communication fails (link is operationally UP), how long will RSVP wait before it declares the RSVP sessions down? A. 3000ms B. 9000ms C ms D ms QUESTION 59 Click on the exhibit button below.

19 LSP "tor8-5" requests fast reroute protection on the primary loose path. What could be done to remove the Failure Code shown? A. CSPF must be enabled at head-end on fast reroute protected loose path LSPs B. Fast reroute must first be enabled on the downstream routers. C. CSPF must be enabled on all downstream loose hop routers. D. Global revertive path optimization must be enabled so the path will be re-optimized around a failed node. Correct Answer: A QUESTION 60 Click on the exhibit button below.

20 If the four LSPs shown use the shared-explicit reservation style, how much bandwidth does CSPF request across a single 1Gbps link? A. 100Mbps B. 200Mbps C. 300Mpbs D. 600Mbps E. 700Mbps Correct Answer: E QUESTION 61 Which of the following statements regarding the MPLS SWAP label operation is true? A. The inner label will be exchanged with the MPLS outer label. B. The inner label will be exchanged for a new label. C. The outer label will be exchanged for a new label. D. All labels will be exchanged for one new label. E. All labels will be exchanged for an equal number of new labels. Correct Answer: C QUESTION 62 If the destination IP address of a received unlabeled packet is successfully matched in the FIB, which of

21 the following statements are true? Choose two answers. A. A PUSH label stack operation must be performed. B. The outgoing interface and next-hop address will be determined from the FIB. C. The packet can be forwarded as a labeled or unlabeled packet. D. A POP label stack operation may be performed. C QUESTION 63 Which of the following devices receives labeled packets from the MPLS domain, removes the MPLS header, and forwards unlabeled packets outside the MPLS domain? A. P router B. LSR C. eler D. iler Correct Answer: C QUESTION 64 Which of the following statements are true? Choose two answers A. Selected labels from the FIB are populated to the LIB. B. Selected labels from the LIB are populated to the LFIB. C. Selected routes from the RIB are populated to the FIB. D. Selected routes from the FIB are populated to the RIB. E. All labels from the LIB are populated to the LFIB. C QUESTION 65 When a device receives a labeled packet, which of the following can occur? A. The packet can only be forwarded as an unlabeled packet. B. The packet can be forwarded as a labeled or unlabeled packet, depending on the received label value. C. The packet can be forwarded as a labeled or unlabeled packet, depending on the destination IP address in the payload D. The packet can only be forwarded as a labeled packet. QUESTION 66 Which of the following describes what happens when facility backup fast reroute is enabled for a LSP? Choose three answers. A. Each PLR will signal a bypass tunnel that avoids the next-hop node or link. B. When a failure occurs, the PLR will push an additional label onto the label stack and start forwarding traffic onto its bypass tunnel. C. The ingress router will include a RRO object in the path message to indicate the routers that should be PLRs and MPs along the protected path. D. The ingress router will set the local protection desired flag in the session attribute object of the path message to inform all routers along the protected LSP path to establish bypass tunnels. E. When the bypass tunnel is in use, the MP will include the RRO object in its PathErr message, with the local protection in use flag set to notify the ingress router that it is using the bypass tunnel. Correct Answer: ABD

22 QUESTION 67 True or False? MPLS may use an existing data link layer header field to identify a label, instead of using a specific MPLS header A. TRUE B. FALSE Correct Answer: A QUESTION 68 Which one of the following statements regarding the detour object transported in the detour path message is true? A. The PLR sends it downstream with the RRO. B. The PLR sends it downstream with the ERO. C. It associates all detours with the source PLR. D. The MP sends it upstream with the RESV message. QUESTION 69 What MPLS function should be performed by a router that receives a data packet containing an MPLS label value of 3? A. A router will never receive a packet containing this label value. B. Request a new label from the peer that provided this label. C. Pop the label. D. PUSH an additional label onto the label stack. E. Signal a new label to the peer that sent the packet. Correct Answer: A QUESTION 70 Which of the following is described by the following statement? An LSR propagates a label mapping only for an FEC for which it has a label mapping for the FEC next-hop. A. Independent control mode. B. Ordered control mode. C. Liberal label retention. D. Conservative label retention. E. Downstream on demand QUESTION 71 Which of the following statements regarding per-platform label space are true? Choose two answers. A. A separate label is used for each interface that the FEC is advertised on. B. It uses fewer label resources than a per-interface label space. C. It is typically used when the device has ATM or Frame Relay interfaces. D. It uses more label resources than a per-interface label space. E. A single label may be assigned to an FEC and used across all interfaces of the same router. F. It is only valid when the LDP peers are directly connected over an interface, and the label is only going to be used for traffic sent over that interface. E QUESTION 72

23 Which of the following can be used for label signaling and distribution on the Alcatel-Lucent 7750 SR? Choose two answers A. RSVP-TE B. TDP C. LDP D. ADP E. MPLS-TE Correct Answer: AC QUESTION 73 Which of the following are top level TLV types defined for OSPF-TE? Choose two answers. A. Router address B. Traffic engineering metric C. Maximum bandwidth D. Link E. Admin Group Correct Answer: AD QUESTION 74 In MPLS, how is the label range 0?15 used? A. Static LSPs B. Reserved use C. Vendor proprietary use D. Management LSPs E. Dynamic LSPs QUESTION 75 Which of the following are characteristics of ECMP LSPs in LDP? Choose three answers A. Liberal label retention mode B. T-LDP enabled with peers to which load balancing is desired. C. ECMP enabled in the config>router context. D. Hashing used to select the egress label. E. Export policy applied to advertise multiple labels for a given FEC. Correct Answer: ACE QUESTION 76 LDP is enabled on both ends of a point-to-point link, but the "show router Idp status" command indicates that LDP is operationally down. The Oper Down Reason field shows the message "systemipdown." What might cause this condition? A. The LSP is in the administrative down state. B. The router's router ID overlaps another. C. The router's interfaces do not have LDP running. D. The router's system interface requires an IP address Correct Answer: D QUESTION 77

24 Click on the exhibit button. The policy on router R2 is applied as an LDP export policy. What FECs now appear in router R2's LIB? A. Local FECs, not including those in the /24 address space. B. Only system ID FECs may appear in the LIB. C. Any local FECs, except those with a 24 bit mask. D. Local FECs in the /24 address space Correct Answer: A QUESTION 78 How does MPLS-TE overcome the issue of IP hyper-aggregation? A. By enabling the creation of LSPs across alternate links to balance the network traffic. B. By eliminating the requirement for core IP routing. C. By not allowing more than one LSP to use a particular path. D. By defining multiple LSPs across a network and implementing an IGP load balancing algorithm across them. Correct Answer: A QUESTION 79 Click on the exhibit button below.

25 Consider the output shown; why is the label in bold font not in use? A. The router cannot do a SWAP of this label. B. The label does not match the egress label for the same FEC. C. The label is for a FEC for which the next-hop is the peer router D. The label was signaled in error. Correct Answer: C QUESTION 80 Which of the following timers can be adjusted to reduce the time a router waits between attempts to reestablish an LSP after it has failed? A. Isp retry-timer B. Isp retry-limit C. mpls resignal-timer D. rsvp refresh-time E. router rsvp keep-multiplier Correct Answer: A QUESTION 81 Which of the following LDP messages are used in the successful establishment of LDP sessions? Choose three answers A. Label request message B. Notification message C. Address message D. Keepalive message E. Initialization message F. Hello message

26 Correct Answer: DEF QUESTION 82 Click on the exhibit button below. Consider the output shown; what table is displayed? A. RIB B. FIB C. LIB D. LFIB Correct Answer: D QUESTION 83 Click on the exhibit button below. Assume the following:

27 - The protected path is R1-R2-R3-R6. - Fast reroute one-to-one protection is enabled. If the original LSP already has two labels, and router R2 has failed, how many labels will there be in packets on the detour path? A. 1 B. 2 C. 3 D. 4 QUESTION 84 Click on the exhibit button below. Under which condition might the peer LDP ID :0 entry show state "Nonexistent"? A. When the interface to the peer router is down. B. When router R1 has no route to the peer address C. When the adjacency between the two routers fails. D. When the targeted session is not yet configured.

28 QUESTION 85 Click on the exhibit button below. Assume the following: - Each router's OSPF interfaces are in the areas shown. - Bidirectional LDP-over-RSVP tunnels extend from routers R1 to R3 and back over the path R1-R4-R5- R3. - You enable fast reroute facility bypass on the R5-R3 RSVP LSP. - Router R5 acts as a PLR, protecting the R5-R3 link by building a bypass tunnel through router R2. You build a layer 2 VPN on routers R1 and R3, using the LDP-over-RSVP tunnels. What MPLS configuration step must you complete on router R2 for it to protect the end-to-end service? A. Enable LDP on the R2-R5 interface. B. Configure T-LDP sessions between routers R2 and R5 and R3. C. Configure LDP-over-RSVP support on router R2. D. Enable MPLS and RSVP on the router R2 network interfaces. E. Enable LDP on the R2-R5 and R2-R3 interfaces. Correct Answer: D QUESTION 86 Which of the following configurations allow a router to periodically attempt to move LSP traffic to a better path, if the head end can find one? A. configure router mpls retry-timer 30 B. configure router mpls resignal-timer 30 C. configure router mpls retry-attempts 30 D. configure router mpls global-revertive 30 QUESTION 87 Which one of the following statements regarding RSVP LSP configuration is true?

29 A. LSPs must always terminate on a system ID. B. MPLS and RSVP must be enabled on all routers. C. Interfaces must be individually created in RSVP. D. Path definitions must include at least one hop entry. QUESTION 88 Which of the following conditions must a router meet for an LSP path's RSVP session to exist? Choose two answers A. The router must build the Path State Block (PSB). B. The router must build the Reservation State Block (RSB). C. The router must build the Session State Block (SSB) D. The router must send the second RESV refresh message. E. The router must receive the second PATH refresh message. Correct Answer: AB QUESTION 89 Which of the following is a primary cause of IP hyper-aggregation? A. IP routing protocols do not always select the best route to a destination. B. IP routing protocols always select multiple routes to a destination. C. IP routing protocols do not make use of all available network attributes to select a path D. Improper network design results in limited network path redundancy. Correct Answer: C QUESTION 90 Click on the exhibit button below.

30 Given the configuration below, which of the following commands would enable fast reroute on the LSP? Choose two answers A. This configuration already is configured for FRR. B. fast-reroute facility C. fast-reroute one-to-one D. secondary <name> E. standby C QUESTION 91 Click on the exhibit button below.

31 LSP 1's link between routers R3 and R6 has failed, and the RESV state at router R3 has timed out. Which of the following actions will router R3 initiate? A. Send a Path Tear message towards router R6. B. Send a Path Tear message towards router R1. C. Send a Resv Tear message toward router R6. D. Send a Resv Tear message toward router R1. Correct Answer: D QUESTION 92 Which of the following are features of RSVP-TE? Choose three answers. A. It supports IGP-based LSPs. B. It supports constrained path LSPs. C. It does not support loose explicit path LSPs. D. It is recommended for use in Traffic Engineering applications. E. It cannot be used with facility backup fast reroute. Correct Answer: ABD QUESTION 93 Router R3 signals an LSP, reserving 1Gbps bandwidth on a 10Gbps link. RSVP configuration limits reservable bandwidth to 20 percent on the egress interface. Which of the following statements is true? A. The egress RSVP interface has 80 percent bandwidth unreserved. B. LSPs can reserve an additional 9.9 Gbps bandwidth on this RSVP interface. C. The head end reserves 100Mbps for the LSP. D. The egress RSVP interface has 1Gbps bandwidth unreserved.

32 Correct Answer: D QUESTION 94 Which of the following devices can originate an opaque LSA? A. TE enabled OSPF routers B. Backbone router only C. ABR only D. ASBR only Correct Answer: A QUESTION 95 Which of the following statements regarding admin groups is FALSE? A. Admin groups can be configured using the command "configure>router>mpls>admin-group". B. CSPF uses the information defined by admin groups when paths are computed for constraint- based LSPs. C. By default, interfaces for which MPLS has been enabled are in the default admin group. D. A LSP can make use of admin groups for constraint-based path calculations by including or excluding the admin group Correct Answer: C QUESTION 96 Which LSA is used for OSPF-TE purposes? A. Type 9 LSA?Link local LSA B. Type 10 LSA?Area local LSA C. Type 8 LSA?TE router LSA D. Type 11 LSA?Network LSA QUESTION 97 How have Traffic Engineering extensions to IS-IS been implemented? A. By defining new LSAs for the IS-IS protocol. B. By utilizing the OSPF opaque LSAs to maintain interoperability with OSPF routing domains C. By defining new TE extension TLVs to the IS-IS protocol. D. By enabling CSPF algorithm extensions that allow link state TE to be implemented. Correct Answer: C QUESTION 98 The destination IP address of a received unlabeled packet is successfully matched in the FIB. Which of the following is FALSE? A. A POP label stack operation may be performed. B. The outgoing interface and next-hop address will be determined from the FIB. C. The packet can be forwarded as a labeled or unlabeled packet. D. A PUSH label stack operation may be performed. Correct Answer: A QUESTION 99 Fill in the blanks: The device at the beginning of an LSP is referred to as the, and the device at

33 the end of an LSP is referred to as the. A. PE, P B. LER, LSR C. LSR, LER D. iler, eler E. eler, iler F. P, PE Correct Answer: D QUESTION 100 What is the goal of MPLS Traffic Engineering? A. To establish additional LSPs across the network B. To allow ECMP to occur across an MPLS network C. To enable the implementation of services D. To utilize paths other than the lowest cost path Correct Answer: D QUESTION 101 Which of the following about per-interface label space is TRUE? A. A single label is assigned to a FEC for all interfaces on the same router. B. The same label can be used to forward a packet on an LSR regardless of which egress port is used. C. It uses fewer label resources than a per-platform label space. D. A separate label is used for each interface that the FEC is advertised on. Correct Answer: D QUESTION 102 What is the purpose of the MPLS TC field (EXP bits)? A. Each implementation can use it as they see fit. B. It is used to carry the Ether type value. C. It is used to carry the TTL value. D. It is used to carry QoS classification. E. It is used to carry fragmentation flag information. Correct Answer: D QUESTION 103 An Alcatel-Lucent 7750 SR label switches a packet it receives. The packet has an outer label TTL of 250 and an inner label TTL of 251. Which of the following is TRUE? A. The outer label TTL will be 249 and the inner label TTL will be 250. B. The outer label TTL will be 249 and the inner label TTL will be 251. C. The outer label TTL will be 251 and the inner label TTL will be 251. D. The outer label TTL will be 251 and the inner label TTL will be 252. QUESTION 104 Which mode does the following statement describe? An LSR will advertise a label mapping immediately, without waiting for a label mapping from the FEC's next-hop.

34 A. Liberal label retention mode B. Conservative label retention mode C. Ordered control mode D. Independent control mode Correct Answer: D QUESTION 105 Which of the following about RSVP-TE is TRUE? A. RSVP-TE is a routing protocol. B. RSVP-TE requests end-to-end resources for unidirectional data flow. C. RSVP-TE consults the local RSVP database to determine the path from source to destination. D. RSVP-TE generates a TED for storing traffic engineering information. QUESTION 106 Which of the following regarding MPLS Encapsulation is FALSE? A. The customer's Layer 2 header is preserved at the iler for Layer 2 services. B. The customer's Layer 2 Header is preserved at the iler for Layer 3 services. C. The service provider's Layer 2 header is added at the iler for Layer 2 services. D. The service provider's Layer 2 header is added at the iler for Layer 3 services. QUESTION 107 What action does a router perform when it looks up the label of an incoming packet in its LFIB and sees that the LFIB maps to an egress label of 3? A. It requests a new label from the peer that provided this label. B. It pops the label. C. It pushes an additional label onto the label stack. D. It signals a new label to the peer that sent the packet. QUESTION 108 Click on the exhibit. Under which condition might the peer entry with an LDP ID of :0 show the state "Nonexistent"? A. When the interface to the peer router is down. B. When router R1 has no route to the peer address C. When LDP is not configured on the peer router's interface.

35 D. When the targeted session is not configured. QUESTION 109 Click on the exhibit. Given the output below, which of the following is FALSE? A. A packet arriving with label will be forwarded out interface 1 /1 /4 with label B. The router is an egress router for FEC /32. C. There are multiple LSPs to reach FEC /32. D. The router's system address is /32. Correct Answer: D QUESTION 110 Which of the following about Alcatel-Lucent 7750 SR command "oam Isp-trace prefix" is FALSE? A. The router performs a unidirectional LSP test. B. The router collects hop information along the tunnel's path. C. The router uses MPLS Echo Request packets that are IP-routed, D. The MPLS TTL values are incremented at each request. Correct Answer: C QUESTION 111 Click on the exhibit.

36 Router R2 advertises an OSPF summary route /24 into Area 1. Router R3 receives labels for individual FECs /32 and /32. These two FECs are installed in router R3's LIB but not in the LFIB. What needs to be done on router R3 to install these labels into its LFIB? A. Disable route summarization on router R3. B. Enable LDP aggregate prefix match. C. Create an import policy to accept /32 and /32. D. Disable LDP exact match on /32 and /32. QUESTION 112 Click on the exhibit. This policy is applied as an LDP export policy. In addition to the FECs learned from its neighbors, which FECs now appear in the router's LIB?

37 A. Local FECs not included in the /24 address space and the system IP FEC. B. Only the system IP FEC appears in the LIB. C. Any local FECs, except those with a 24-bit mask. D. Local FECs in the /24 address space. Correct Answer: A QUESTION 113 Which of the following are the default settings for the Alcatel-Lucent 7750 SR when using LDP? A. Per-platform label space, conservative retention mode B. Per-interface label space, conservative retention mode C. Per-platform label space, liberal retention mode D. Per-interface label space, liberal retention mode Correct Answer: C QUESTION 114 Which of the following about T-LDP is FALSE? A. Link-based and T-LDP sessions may be configured on the same LSR. B. T-LDP supports sessions between non-directly connected devices. C. T-LDP can be configured between directly connected devices. D. T-LDP Hello messages are sent to a multicast address. Correct Answer: D QUESTION 115 Which of the following LDP message categories is UDP-based? A. Notification B. Session C. Discovery D. Advertisement Correct Answer: C QUESTION 116 Two directly connected routers set different interface Hello timeout values. Router R1 uses 15 seconds, while router R2 uses 30 seconds. Which of the following best describes the LDP adjacency? A. The adjacency forms with the lower timeout value. B. The adjacency forms with the higher timeout value. C. The adjacency is in init state. D. The adjacency times out after 30 seconds. Correct Answer: A QUESTION 117 An Alcatel-Lucent 7750 SR enabled with LDP has multiple equal cost paths to a given FEC. After ECMP is enabled, which of the following is FALSE? A. The router has new entries added for the given FEC in its LIB. B. The router has new entries added for the given FEC in its FIB. C. The router generates a single label for the given FEC and advertises it to all its peers, D. The router has multiple LSP tunnels for the given FEC.

38 Correct Answer: A QUESTION 118 Which of the following about the RSVP-TE Hello protocol is FALSE? A. The Hello protocol can speed up convergence without reducing refresh time. B. Hello messages are sent after at least one RSVP session is active on the interface. C. An interface with multiple RSVP sessions sends Hello messages for each session. D. An RSVP neighbor is declared down if Hello messages are not received within the Hello timeout. Correct Answer: C QUESTION 119 Which of the following describes how a router sets the destination IP address for an RSVP RESV message? A. It sets the address to the system address of the head-end router. B. It sets the address to the next upstream hop from the ERO. C. It sets the address to the next upstream hop from the PSB. D. It sets the address to the next upstream hop from the RRO. Correct Answer: C QUESTION 120 Which of the following about RSVP-TE on an Alcatel-Lucent 7750 SR is TRUE? A. Label bindings are distributed to other routers when explicitly requested. B. Label bindings are distributed to all neighbors including non-downstream routers. C. Label bindings are distributed if labels have not been received from downstream routers. D. All labels received from downstream neighbors are stored in the LIB. Correct Answer: A QUESTION 121 Click on the exhibit.

39 RSVP state for LSP 1 has timed out on router R3. Which of the following actions will router R3 initiate to clear the RSVP session? A. Send a RESV Tear message toward router R6. B. Send a RESV Tear message toward router R1. C. Send a RESV Error message toward router R6. D. Send a RESV Error message toward router R1. QUESTION 122 Which of the following about the Alcatel-Lucent 7750 SR command "own Isp-trace" is FALSE? A. The MPLS TTL values are incremented at each request. B. The router uses MPLS Echo Request packets that are IP-routed. C. The router collects hop information along the tunnel's path. D. The router performs an unidirectional LSP test. QUESTION 123 Click on the exhibit.

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