Building Resilient States: A Framework for Agencies

Transcription

1 Building Resilient States: A Framework for Agencies

2 Download the new resource: resilience Join the conversation on Twitter: #ResilientStates

3 Elizabeth Schilling, Deputy Director of Policy Development and Implementation Smart Growth America #ResilientStates

4 What is resilience? The capacity of individuals, communities and systems to survive, adapt, and grow in the face of stress and shocks, and even transform when conditions require it. The Rockefeller Foundation

5 Don McCullough via Flickr Creative Commons License

6 DVIDSHUB via Flickr Creative Commons License

7 Rather than focusing solely on disaster recovery, states can and should plan for long-term resilience to natural disasters and adapt to a changing environment.

8 Seven Initial Steps 1. Put someone in charge 2. Seek the advice and expertise of partners outside state government 3. Focus on developing a robust state Hazard Mitigation Plan 4. Ensure that state investments do not increase vulnerability

9 Seven Initial Steps 5. Develop strategies to address assets already in highrisk areas 6. Help communities become more resilient 7. Develop a process for monitoring, measuring, and reporting on progress

10 Dr. Gavin Smith, Research Professor at University of North Carolina and Director of the U.S. Department of Homeland Security s Coastal Resilience Center of Excellence #ResilientStates

11 Defining Resilience Resilience is often described as the ability of a community to withstand a severe shock and quickly rebound to some post-disaster condition that represents pre-event conditions or better yet a new normal based on lessons and improvements made that make a community less vulnerable and more adaptable to future events (Paton and Johnston 2006). Resilience must include the ability to adapt to changing conditions while building and sustaining a greater organizational capacity to include the adoption of hazard mitigation techniques as well as the formation of enduring cooperative institutions and networks capable of supporting not only hazard mitigation, but also disaster response and recovery (Beatley 2009, pp. 6-7).

12 National Conversation About Resilience Deep understanding of resilience is lacking Overemphasis on the speed of recovery; resilience is more than hazard mitigation Less emphasis on the value of deliberation, planning, capacity building, adaptation and lesson-drawing Dimensions of Resilience (economic, environmental, social, physical); studied/ implemented in isolation rather than in an integrated manner Efforts to develop measures of resilience is still emerging Who decides what these metrics are? Technical experts? Disasters as opportunity-for whom? What about institutional resilience / governance? Less understood about the role that states play in resilience, including hazard mitigation and disaster recovery

13 Advancing Resilience: the Role of States in Disaster Recovery (Smith and Flatt 2010; Sandler and Smith 2013) Very little research and practical guidance exists related to the roles of states in recovery Wide variation in state roles capacity and commitment of state agencies and governors Translation of federal policies and programs, such as disaster relief grant and loan programs Inter-agency state coordination Delivery of pre- and post-disaster education and training programs aimed at building local capacity Assessment of local needs; creation and administration of state-level recovery programs Development of state recovery plans aimed at providing a roadmap for pre- and postdisaster recovery activities State recovery plans often weak / lack characteristics of a plan State activities are often disproportionately driven by narrowly defined federal programs Recovery plans and organizations often created after a disaster occurs Planning and resilience adoption of pre-event measures that prepare a community for a disruption and pre-position the community and other members of a larger disaster assistance network to act in a coordinated manner when a disaster strikes

14 Advancing Resilience: Role of States in Hazard Mitigation (Smith, Lyles and Berke 2013) Limited research and practical guidance exists related to state roles in hazard mitigation Wide variation/fluctuations in measures of capacity Staffing State cost-sharing Technical assistance State funding, policies and programs Emphasis on building local government s capacity to access project funding rather than a comprehensive, sustained and proactive risk reduction strategy grounded in land use State land use policies are not well integrated into state mitigation plans and capacity building initiatives State mitigation officials believe that most local governments do not possess the capacity or commitment to develop sound hazard mitigation plans or administer hazard mitigation grants

15 Advancing Resilience through State-Level Engagement State as Capacity Builder Pre- and post-disaster actions State plans engaging network of stakeholders (governance) State policy spanning all agencies and their investments State as Boundary Spanner Conveying federal policy and grants information to local governments Addressing gaps in resources and local needs Developing state policies and programs State as Leader/Advocate Social vulnerability; state agency collaboration Advancing resilience through engagement in emerging national policy National Disaster Recovery Framework National Adaptation Policy

16 Building Resilient States: A Framework for Agencies Recommendations: Put someone in charge (boundary spanner, coalition builder, guidance) Seek advice and expertise of partners outside state government (lesson-drawing, governance) Integrate future risks into Hazard Mitigation Plan and land use policy (risk reduction and resilience) Ensure state investments don t increase vulnerability (forward looking perspective) Develop strategies to address assets in high-risk areas (retrospective actions) Help communities become more resilient (capacity building) Develop a process of monitoring, measuring and reporting on progress (metrics, measuring success) Recommendations followed by actionable steps Maturation and Emergence of National Policy: Strategic Opportunity for Engagement Post-Katrina Emergency Reform Act Climate Change Adaptation Policy

17 Noelle MacKay, Commissioner of Housing and Community Development at the Vermont Agency of Commerce and Community Development #ResilientStates

18 Building Resilient Vermont Building for Resilience October 22, 2015 Noelle MacKay, Commissioner Department of Housing and Community Development

19 Vermont Economic Resiliency Initiative Investigates where risk, economic activity and associated infrastructure intersect Identifies ways to avoid, mitigate and reduce the risk Provides a how to guide to help other states

20 VERI Project Design Tropical Storm Irene Damages Annual Average Wages Commercial Site Density 1. Identify risk statewide 2. Locate areas of economic activity and associated infrastructure statewide 3. Research and assess risks in 5 communities

21 Working at the Community Level Step 1: Field Investigation Step 2: Plan & Policy Review Step 3: Community Engagement Step 4: Map Economic Activity Step 5: Overlay Hazard Areas Step 6: Develop Recommendations

22 Project Specific Recommendations 1. Building and Site Improvements 2. Floodplain Management 3. Infrastructure Improvements 4. Public Safety Improvements

23 Emergency Assistance Relief Fund [ERAF] 7.5% Baseline State Match 12.5% Municipality Must: Participate in NFIP Adopt 2013 State Road & Bridge Standards Adopt LEOP Adopt Local HMP 17.5% Municipality Must: Adopt No New Development in River Corridor OR Adopt River Corridor or Flood Hazard Protection Areas Participate in Federal CRS program

24 ERAF Results 2014 compared with ERAF Mitigation Actions 87% 89% Participate in the National Flood Insurance Program 70% 87% Adopt 2013 State Road & Bridge Standards 36% 82% Adopt Local Emergency Operations Plan 35% 57% Adopt Local Hazard Mitigation Plan 0% 24% Adopt Interim River Corridor Protection: no new encroachment in a Special Flood Hazard Area or FEH, or no new encroachment in a River Corridor 0% 3% Adopt River Corridor Protection (explicit based on river corridor maps posted 1/2/2015 on the Natural Resources Atlas tinyurl.com/floodreadyatlas ) 0% 0% Adopt no new development in Flood Hazard areas and participate in the Federal Community Rating System

25 In my experience there is no such thing as luck. Obi-Wan Kenobi

26 Thank You! Agency of Commerce + Community Development Department of Housing + Community Development

27 Kate Dineen, Deputy Executive Director of the Governor s Office of Storm Recovery for the State of New York #ResilientStates

28 Storm Recovery in the State of New York Governor s Office of Storm Recovery October 22,

29 Community Risk and Resiliency Act (CRRA) Governor Cuomo signed CRRA into law on September 22, 2014 Ensures funding and permitting decisions consider climate risk and extreme weather Amends various sections of the Environmental Conservation Law, Agricultural and Markets Law, and Public Health Law accordingly o Establish science-based State sea level rise projections by January 2016 o Develop additional guidance on the use of resiliency measures that utilize natural resources and natural processes to reduce risk o Prepare model local laws concerning climate risk

30 Superstorm Sandy was the 3 rd and largest storm to impact the State in two years Made landfall on October 29, New Yorkers were killed Approximately 300,000 housing units were damaged or destroyed 2 million utility customers lost power Major and long-lasting disruption to business and transit systems

31 Sandy came on the heels of two other major storms in 2011

32 The Governor s Office of Storm Recovery (GOSR) oversees NY State s HUD funds and helps coordinate State s recovery Housing $4.4b in CDBG-DR* Economic Development $1,322 (30%) $191 (4%) $1,959 (44%) Infrastructure Community Reconstruction In millions $728 (17%) $217 (5%) * Note: $191m is for planning and Administration. Additional detail can be found in the State s CDBG-DR Action Plan 8

33 Achieving a successful recovery requires balancing a series of priorities

34 NY Rising Buyout/Acquisition Program Overview Voluntary buyouts to homeowners in designated areas strategic retreat 1,900 applications, 838 closings $330m+ expended Targeted areas: Buyouts: Homes in the highest risk are purchased for coastal buffer zones Acquisitions: substantially damaged properties within the 100-year and 500-year floodplain are purchased for future resilient development

35 NY Rising Community Reconstruction Program Overview $700m planning and implementation process established to promote rebuilding and resiliency Managed participatory approach Nationally and internationally recognized for innovation and scale

36 NY Rising Community Reconstruction Program Planning + Implementation 8 month community-driven planning process 66 Plans proposed $1 billion in project concepts 120+ communities represented on 66 Planning Committees 650 Planning Committee members 650+ Planning Committee Meetings 250 Public Engagement Events 10% Natural and Cultural Resources 10% Economic Developme nt 5% Housing $3m to $25m project implementation allotments 50% Infrastruct ure 15% Community Planning and Capacity Building 10% Health and Human Services

37 Lessons learned from New York State Successful recovery requires a combination of bottom up and top down planning Strong stakeholder engagement is critical for short term response and long term recovery Alignment of multiple sources of federal funding, while administratively challenging, often results in powerful synergies

38 Molly Urbina, Commissioner of Housing and Community Development at the Vermont Agency of Commerce and Community Development #ResilientStates

39 Colorado Resiliency & Recovery Office Who Are We?

40 Key Federal Agency Partners FEMA Small Business Administration Housing and Urban Development Federal Highways Administration Environmental Protection Agency U.S. Army Corps of Engineers Economic Development Administration National Renewable Energy Laboratory USDA (Farm Services, Rural Development, Natural Resources Conservation Service, U.S. Forest Service) Department of Labor Department of Interior

41 Timing of Recovery

42 State of Colorado Recovery Support Long-term Recovery require a unified and coordinated effort from the State in support of local communities: Partnership Technical Assistance Financial Assistance Staff support Navigation of resources Advocacy

43 Post Flood Working Groups Colorado Flood Working Group Colorado Long-term Stream Recovery Team Colorado Resiliency Working Group

44 Resiliency

45 Resiliency - What is it? The ability of communities to rebound and positively adapt to or thrive amidst changing conditions or challenges including disasters and changes in climate and maintain quality of life, healthy growth, economic vitality, durable systems and conservation of resources for present and future generations. - Colorado Resiliency Working Group

46 Resiliency What is It? Opportunity following the disaster to lessen impact to the community the next time around Opportunity before a disaster ever occurs to reduce vulnerability and empower the community to thrive in the face of future threats Cross-sector and interdisciplinary: Community, Economic, Health and Social, Housing, Infrastructure, Watershed and Natural Resources. Multi-hazard shocks: Colorado can be impacted by many disasters floods, fires, drought, geologic hazards, tornadoes, etc. Stresses contribute to vulnerability: social, built environment, economic, environmental, trends in climate Resilience occurs when holistically addressing both the shocks and stresses

47 Colorado Resiliency Framework Framework a resource for local governments, businesses, non-profits and individuals Supports, cultivate and empower a culture of resilience at the state and local level Provides guiding principles and a call to action to build resilience throughout Colorado Identifies specific actions that the State commits to implement Adopted by Gov. Hickenlooper in May of 2015

48 Resiliency Sectors

49 Colorado Resiliency Manage and Reduce Risk to Colorado Communities Enhance resiliency planning capacity in Colorado Communities Develop, align, and streamline policies to empower resiliency Create a culture that fosters resiliency instilling an inherent sense of responsibility among all Coloradans Ingrain resiliency into investments in Colorado

50 COResiliency Program

51 Molly Urbina Executive Director Colorado Resiliency and Recovery Office Thank You!

52 Questions and answers Type in the chat box on your webinar screen, or on Twitter at the hashtag #ResilientStates #ResilientStates

53 Thank you! #ResilientStates