The New Database Constraints for Mobile Applications

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1 International Journal of Allied Practice, Research and Review Website: (ISSN ) The New Database Constraints for Mobile Applications Jasra Nisar and Nikita Bakshi M.Tech Scholar, Department of Computer Science & Engineering 1 Punjab Technical University, Jalandhar, Punjab, India Assistant Professor 2, Department of Computer Science & Engineering Punjab Technical University, Jalandhar, Punjab, India Abstract - Mobile apps play a very important role in the present era of computing and becoming more data driven. The present mobile apps support rich multimedia content and apps based on social media like Facebook, twitter and whatsapp enables users to share data of different types like text, pictures and videos. It has been very difficult for mobile apps to use older technologies for different data types available. Offline capability is one of the dazzling aspects of modern mobile apps and today we need rich mobile apps highly available, very responsive and not affected by network availability. The aim of this paper is to know about the modern database approach for mobile applications popularly known as NOSQL databases. Keywords- SQL, NOSQL, CouchbaseLite, Couchbase Server. I. INTRODUCTION In a computing system, huge amount of data comes out every day from the web. A large section of these data is handled by Relational database management systems (RDBMS). The idea of relational model came with E. F. Codd s 1970 paper named "A relational model of data for large shared data banks" which made data modelling and application programming much easier. Beyond the benefits, the relational model is also well-suited for client-server programming and today it is a predominant technology for storing structured data in web and business applications. Applications also grow with time and pose challenging demands for the data management. As stated by Jim Gray, the most challenging part is to understand the data and find patterns, trends, anomalies and extract the relevant information. With the advent of Web 2.0 applications, the data stores needed to scale to OLTP/OLAP-style application loads where millions of users read and update the information, in contrast to the traditional data stores. These data stores provide good horizontal scalability for the simple read/write operations distributed over many servers. The relational database systems have little capability to horizontally scale to these levels. So, this paved the way to seek alternative solutions for scenarios where relational database systems proved to be not the right choice. NOSQL database are growing fast and are best choice for handling the big world problem popularly known as Big Data and supporting Business Intelligence in organisations. Today we need rich mobile apps highly available, very responsive and not affected by network availability. To develop such modern mobile apps NOSQL (mobile databases) are the best solution for modern mobile app development. NOSQL use IJAPRR International Peer Reviewed Refereed Journal, Vol. V, Issue XI, p.n , Nov, 2018 Page 1

2 wide variety of different DB technologies that came into existence in response to the demands present in building modern applications. Mobile world is one of the most dynamic areas of Information Technology today. Smart-phones and tablets have created a huge market for mobile applications. Consequently there is an increasing demand for mobile application developers. Almost all of the mobile applications require a persistent data layer, including options for queries. So the interest of database professionals, academics and researchers for mobile technologies is increasing. NOSQL approach is a strong competitor to the relational model because it supports high scalability. The famous CAP theorem describes that not any database system supports all the three attributes but only two of three is possible. Relational databases support only consistency and partition tolerance properties and the NOSQL databases support the last two means availability and partition tolerance for high availability and partitioning of data. The CAP theorem can be summarized as follows: i. Consistency: it means that how much a system is in a consistent state after the execution of an operation? A distributed system is typically considered to be consistent if after an update operation of some writer; all readers see his updates in some shared data source. ii. Availability and especially high availability meaning that a system is designed and implemented in a way that allows it to continue operation i.e. allowing read and write operations if nodes in a cluster crash or some hardware or software parts are down due to upgrades. iii. Partition Tolerance is understood as the ability of the system to continue operation in the presence of network partitions. These occur, if two or more islands of network nodes arise which temporarily or permanently cannot connect to each other. Some people also understand partition tolerance as the ability of a system to cope with the dynamic addition and removal of nodes e.g. for maintenance purposes, removed and again added nodes are considered an own network partition in this notion. II. PROBLEM FORMULATION The new database constraints for mobile applications explores the need to move towards NOSQL environment. In mobile applications, we need databases that can handle the dynamic needs of mobile applications and offline support that is the need of modern apps with implementation of schema-less databases. Synchronization functionality between local database embedded in mobile app and main database located on cloud is very difficult process while approaching traditional mobile databases like SQLite. The main aim of using NOSQL databases for modern interactive applications is the management of Big Data, III. METHODOLOGY Existing Methodology The relational databases are using developers from decades for different applications. The present trend is mobile applications because of the maximum usage of smart phones as compared to computers and laptops. In mobile app development we have number of relational databases and the most famous is SQLite. SQLite is a popular relational database for android and ios platforms. The SQLite database does not support built-in sync functionality and using complex schema with other traditional relational databases for data storage and not fit well for modern flexible mobile apps. So this is the reason that we are shifting towards non-relational databases i.e. NOSQL. IJAPRR International Peer Reviewed Refereed Journal, Vol. V, Issue XI, p.n , Nov, 2018 Page 2

3 Response Time (ms) Proposed Methodology Couchbase Mobile is a collection of software consisting of an embedded NoSQL database distributed with our Android and ios mobile applications and a middleware service used to securely synchronize that locally stored data with Couchbase Server and other devices. These two pieces of software are called Couchbase Lite and Couchbase Sync Gateway. Couchbase Lite is an embedded NoSQL database. It is very small in footprint and runs in process while our application is running. In this process database exposes a RESTful web service that can be accessed via the Couchbase Lite API or through our own HTTP requests. Couchbase Sync Gateway, being middleware, acts as the data orchestrator between the device and the server. It channels the data, handles conflicts, and gives us the best possible experience as both a developer and end user. In order to carry out experiments, I am using the Apache JMeter to simulate number of parameters like concurrent requests, large scale of users etc. Apache JMeter is open source java based software to test load functional behaviour and measure performance. The different tests are performed on SQLite and Couch base Lite with 10,000 entries. IV. Simulation Results According to the test of Apache JMeter, the scalability of Sqlite database and Couchbase Lite database is presented in the following Figure: Scalibility-Response Time Synchrounous HTTP Requests Sqlite Couchbase Lite Figure-1: Scalability Response Time Seen from the above mentioned figure 1, the tendency of response time about Sqlite database and Couchbase Lite database are similar. The overall trend is that with the increase of synchronous HTTP requests, the response time gradually increases, and the difference of two databases performance is small. In this experiment, there is no a significant distinction between Sqlite and NoSQL performance. IJAPRR International Peer Reviewed Refereed Journal, Vol. V, Issue XI, p.n , Nov, 2018 Page 3

4 Run Time (ms) Efficiency Test In this experiment, I tested Query and Insert two operations run time on SQLite database and Couchbase Lite NOSQL database with different number of entries. The test script will record database operation run time and log in document, and these scripts directly run on server. In the following figures, two lines on behalf of two databases efficiency performance. And on every node, the deviation lines show maximum and minimum values of run- time Time Complexity -Query Data Entries Couchbase Lite Sqlite Figure-2: Database Query Time Seen from the figure 2, for one database, there is no a significant changes with different data entries. But compared two databases, between Sqlite database and Couchbase Lie database, the efficiency of Couchbase Lite is much better. IJAPRR International Peer Reviewed Refereed Journal, Vol. V, Issue XI, p.n , Nov, 2018 Page 4

5 Run Time (ms) Time Complexity- Insert Couchbase Lie Sqlite Data Entries Figure-3: Database Insert Time Similarly, with the efficiency of Query operation, the Insert efficiency of Couch base Lite database also is much better than SQLite database. V. Conclusion Database Management is the task of maintain databases so that information is readily available and we are using Relational model from decades for different types of applications including mobile apps. For mobile, it becomes difficult to choose the right database. Now a day, we are shifting from Relational databases towards Non-Relational databases because of some issues. However, knowing about data as a service and that these services can be shut down at any time, the obvious choice should be in data that we own. The SQLite does not support built-in sync functionality and using complex schema with other traditional relational databases for data storage and not fit well for modern flexible mobile apps. Couchbase Mobile, with Couchbase Lite and Couchbase Sync Gateway, makes an obvious choice in this realm. We get an offline-first experience in our apps leaving us with always fast and available applications with data that we have control over. VI. References [1] A B M Moniruzzaman, Syed Akhter Hossain, NoSQL Database: New Era of Databases for Big Data Analytics- Classification, Characteristics, and Comparison, International Journal of Database Theory and Application Manuscript ID, [2] Aaron Schram and Kenneth M. Anderson, MySQL to NOSQL: Data Modelling challenges In Supporting Scalability, 3 rd Annual Conference on Systems, [3] AmeyaNayak, Anil Poriya, and DikshayPoojary, Type of NOSQL Databases and its Comparison with Relational Databases, International Journal of Applied Information systems (IJAIS) - ISSN: Foundation of Computer Science FCS, New York USA, Volume 5- no. 4, [4] AnkitaBhatewara and KalyaniWaghmare, Improving Network Scalability using NoSql Database, International Journal of Advanced Computer Research, Volume-2, Number-4, Issue-6, December IJAPRR International Peer Reviewed Refereed Journal, Vol. V, Issue XI, p.n , Nov, 2018 Page 5

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