Drupal Training. Introduction to Module Development

Transcription

1 Drupal Training Introduction to Module Development

2 Alex Urevick- Ackelsberg

3 Alex Urevick- Ackelsberg Partner & Business Developer

4 Alex Urevick- Ackelsberg Partner & Business Developer Alex UA on Drupal.org

5 Alex Urevick- Ackelsberg Partner & Business Developer Alex UA on on twitter

6 Alex Urevick- Ackelsberg Partner & Business Developer Alex UA on on twitter Maintainer of emfield

7 Alex Urevick- Ackelsberg Partner & Business Developer Alex UA on on twitter Maintainer of emfield Admin for GSoC

8 Howard Tyson Senior Developer at Zivtech Drupal architect, developer, themer, sitebuilder, project manager, teacher and student tizzo on drupal.org, IRC, twitter, tumblr, anywhere I can get it

9 Drupal Community Come for the code, stay for the community #drupal and #drupal-support Drupalcons, camps, meetups, groups.drupal.org

10 Introducing Mailfish Collect and store -addresses Display sign-ups to admins Allow per-node signups

11 Starting a new module Contributed and custom modules go into sites/all/modules Create the.info file Create the.module file

12 Hook System To implement a hook, name a function as MODULENAME_HOOKNAME( ) All implementations of a hook are run when the hook is invoked

13 Menu System hook_menu defines menu items Menu items may be normal items, local tasks (tabs) or only callbacks Access to menu items is typically based on permission hook_menu_alter can alter menu items

14 Menu Callbacks Administrative menu callbacks (and supporting functions) usually go into a MODULENAME.admin.inc file Non-administrative menu callbacks (etc.) usually go into a MODULENAME.pages.inc file This is a best practice for both readability and performance

15 Permissions System hook_perm defines available permissions Roles are granted permissions via the UI Permissions of the current user are checked with user_access( ) often the menu system will be doing this for us

16 Form API A form is defined as an array of field arrays (or a multidimensional array) drupal_get_form renders the form array into HTML form elements See the Forms Quickstart and Forms Reference pages on api.drupal.org

17 System Settings Forms system_settings_form adds additional features to a form array submit and reset buttons On submission, form fields are saved as Drupal variables

18 Variables System variable_get, variable_set, variable_del Variables are stored serialized in the variables table, allowing them to store structured data (like arrays and objects) Edit variables directly with devel or drush

19 t( ): translatable All interface text should be translatable (via locale or string overrides module) Supports multiple placeholders:!(as %(emphasized)

20 hook_form_alter Alter any Drupal form s fields, validation and submission handlers The $form_id is the name of the form definition function hook_formid_alter is usually ideal (but it won t always work)

21 Install Files.install files contain hooks for install (MODULENAME_install()) uninstall (MODULENAME_uninstall()) database updates (MODULENAME_update_N())

22 Schema API drupal_install_schema drupal_uninstall_schema hook_schema defines arrays of database tables and fields

23 Database queries db_query connects to the database and runs queries enclose table names with { } use %d and %s placeholders for all variables

24 Database Results db_fetch_object returns an object out of the first row of db results and removes that row db_fetch_array does the same but returns an array db_result does the same for a single result (if only one field was selected)

25 Looping through DB results while ($nid = db_result($result)) while ($value = db_fetch_object($result))

26 Node objects Take a look at loaded node objects via devel module s tab node_load node_save node_delete

27 hook_nodeapi Effect what happens with node objects Alter nodes and run other code on creation, update, deletion, load, view etc.

28 Form Validation and Submission FORMID_validate and FORMID_submit are the naming conventions $form_state[ values ] contains the form entries

29 Block System hook_block defines blocks The delta key distinguishes between multiple blocks per module this can be numeric or a string (not, strictly, a delta) Blocks may have configuration settings

30 hook_cron Add code that runs periodically (on cron jobs) Send an for periodic updates

31 Theme Registry modules must implement hook_theme to declare their themable functions and templates these functions must be titled theme_function_name theme( function_name, $param) is then used to call the function

32 Implementing hook_theme()

33 Providing a default theme function

34 Providing a default template

35 Preprocess Functions Any module or theme can preprocess variables for a template Add or modify variables hook_preprocess_template_name( &$vars) template_preprocess_template_name

36 To Infinity......and BEYOND! Or... To Drupal 7 and we don t know what is beyond D7 is right around the corner Lets look at the major changes...

37 Object Oriented DB An object oriented Database Abstraction layer built around PHP s PDO Gives us support for more RDBMSes MySQL, PostgreSQL, SQLite, MS SQL, Oracle (and a few bits can work with Mongo)