IMS DATABASE FOR MAINFRAME

Transcription

1 IMS DATABASE FOR MAINFRAME Author: Saravanan Ramasamy, UST Global 2012 IMS DATABASE FOR MAINFRAME BOOK Date: 08 Mar, 2012 This Book provides Background of databases, Background of IMS databases, IMS database concepts, IMS Segments and Fields, COBOL Coding for IMS, Secondary Index databases, Checkpoint & Restart, GSAM databases, JCL for IMS DB programs, Application Programming for IMS, DBDGEN & PSBGEN Coding, Access Method of IMS Databases, Utility Programs, Database Recovery & DBRC, Sample IMS-DB programs, Sample JCLs, Sample PSBLIB & DBDLIBs, Sample Coding for AIBTDLI, IMS Database browsing, IMS Status Codes, Exercises & Answer Keys, Acronyms and Glossary for IMS terminologies. Saravanan Ramasamy Asst. Project Manager, Mainframe Specialist UST Global, INDIA

2 CONTENTS IMS DATABASE FOR COBOL PROGRAMMING 10 CHAPTER 1: BACKGROUND OF DATABASES WHAT IS DATABASE OVERVIEW OF DATABASE WHAT IS DBMS COMPONENTS OF DBMS TYPES OF DATABASE STRUCTURES DATABASE STRUCTURES RELATIONAL & HIERARCHICAL ADVANTAGES & DISADVANTAGES OF RELATIONAL VS HIERARCHICAL RELATIONAL VS. HIERARCHICAL DATABASES HOW TO SELECT DBMS DESIGN CONSIDERATIONS NORMALIZATION OF DATA 14 CHAPTER 2: BACKGROUND OF IMS DATABASES WHAT IS IMS WHAT IS IMS DB FUNCTIONS OF IMS DATABASE MANAGER TYPES OF IMS HIERARCHICAL DATABASES "FULL FUNCTION" DATABASES "FAST PATH" DATABASES HIGH AVAILABILITY LARGE DATABASES (HALDBS) IMPLEMENTATION OF IMS DATABASES IMS AND DB IMS DB & DC SYSTEMS IMS OVERVIEW IMS COMPONENTS 18 Page 2 of 11

3 13. SEGMENT EDIT/COMPRESSION DATA RELATIONSHIPS HIERARCHICAL SEQUENCE HIERARCHICAL DATA PATH SEQUENCE / KEY FIELD POINTERS DEDB DATA ENTRY DATABASES PROCESS FLOW DIAGRAM FOR IMS DB & DC PROCESS FLOW COMPONENTS RUNNING OF IMS SUBSYSTEMS 26 CHAPTER 3: IMS DATABASE CONCEPTS IMS PROCESSING MODES WHAT IS BMP WHAT IS DL/I BMP VS DLI BMP & RESTART SCHEDULING A BMP CONTROL BLOCKS DBD AND PSB DATABASE DESCRIPTION GENERATION (DBDGEN) VARIABLE LENGTH SEGMENTS LOGICAL DATABASE LOGICAL RELATIONSHIPS PROGRAM SPECIFICATION BLOCK GENERATION (PSBGEN) APPLICATION CONTROL BLOCK GENERATION (ACBGEN) PROCOPT PROCESSING OPTION PARAMETER IN PSB SECONDARY PROCOPT PROCOPT N & T 32 Page 3 of 11

4 17. DL/I POSITIONING CONCEPT MULTIPLE DATABASE POSITIONING 33 CHAPTER 4: IMS SEGMENTS & FIELDS IMS DATABASE ORGANIZATION RETRIEVAL OF SEGMENTS SEGMENTS & FIELDS SEGMENT TYPE & SEGMENT OCCURRENCE, LEVELS ROOT, DEPENDANT, PARENT & CHILD SEGMENTS DATABASE RECORDS TWINS AND PATH RANDOM ACCESS & CONCATENATED KEY STANDARD FILE AND DLI DATABASE PROCESSING STANDARD FILE AND DLI DATABASE PROCESSING SCHEMATIC DIAGRAMS SEGMENT STORAGE STORING IMS DATA VSAM ESDS 40 CHAPTER 5: COBOL CODING FOR IMS ENTRY & GOBACK PCB MASKS IN ENTRY STATEMENT ENTRY STATEMENT AND CBLTDLI CALL PL/I CALL FUNCTION CODE GU CALLS GU / GN CALLS EXAMPLE RETRIEVE 2ND & 3RD SEGMENT USING GU CALLS EXAMPLE GN CALLS GNP CALLS 45 Page 4 of 11

5 11. GNP CALL EXAMPLE GHU / GHN / GHNP GET HOLD CALLS GHN / GHNP CALLS EXAMPLE ISRT CALLS ISRT CALLS EXAMPLE INSERT RULE OPTIONS IN DBD DLET CALLS GHU / DLET CALLS EXAMPLE GHN / GHNP CALLS EXAMPLE GHU / DLET CALLS EXAMPLE REPL CALLS GHU / REPL CALLS EXAMPLE SYSTEM SERVICE CALLS CHKP CALLS CHKP CALL FORMAT XRST CALLS XRST CALL FORMAT STAT CALLS CHNG / ISRT / PURG CALLS AND ALTERNATE PCB CHNG / ISRT / PURG CALLS AND ALTERNATE PCB EXAMPLE PCB MASK SEGMENT IO AREA QUALIFIED / UNQUALIFIED CALLS TYPES OF CALLS EXAMPLE SSA SEGMENT SEARCH ARGUMENTS UNQUALIFIED SSA EXAMPLE QUALIFIED SSA EXAMPLE QUALIFIED & UNQUALIFIED SSA S COMBINED EXAMPLE 56 Page 5 of 11

6 39. MULTIPLE QUALIFICATION QUALIFIED SSA BOOLEAN OPERATION EXAMPLE COMMAND CODES COMMAND CODE EXAMPLE CONCATENATED KEY C COMMAND CODE EXAMPLE D PATH CALL COMMAND CODE PATH CALL D COMMAND CODE EXAMPLE PATH CALL D COMMAND CODE EXCLUDING MIDDLE SEGMENT EXAMPLE SET PARENTAGE P COMMAND CODE SET PARENTAGE P COMMAND CODE EXAMPLE N PATH CALL IGNORE COMMAND CODE F FIRST OCCURRENCE COMMAND CODE L LAST OCCURRENCE COMMAND CODE NULL COMMAND CODE F / COMMAND CODES EXAMPLES L COMMAND CODE EXAMPLE U / V COMMAND CODES U / V COMMAND CODES EXAMPLES Q COMMAND CODE 65 CHAPTER 6: SECONDARY INDEXING DATABASES INDEX DATABASES SECONDARY INDEXING SECONDARY DATA STRUCTURE SECONDARY INDEXING SECONDARY INDEXING SCHEMATIC DIAGRAM INDEX POINTER, INDEX SOURCE & INDEX TARGET SEGMENTS SECONDARY KEY & SECONDARY DATA STRUCTURE 70 Page 6 of 11

7 8. SECONDARY DATA STRUCTURE SCHEMATIC DIAGRAM SECONDARY INDEXING BASED ON DEPENDANT SEGMENT SECONDARY INDEXING SCHEMATIC DIAGRAM INDEPENDENT AND OPERATOR # ADVANTAGES OF AIB INQY CALL FOR AIBTDLI SUBFUNCTIONS OF INQY CALL 74 CHAPTER 7: CHECKPOINT & RESTART CHECKPOINT TYPES BASIC & SYMBOLIC SYMBOLIC CHECKPOINT & RESTART CALLS CHECKPOINT & RESTART ACTIONS ON CHECKPOINT TAKEN AND ABNORMAL TERMINATION ADVANTAGES OF CHECKPOINT REQUIREMENT FOR CHECKPOINT CHECKPOINT FREQUENCY NORMAL START & RESTART CHECKPOINT RECORDS IN IMSLOGR DDNAME / DASD CHKP CALL FORMAT XRST CALL FORMAT CKPTID VALUE DURING NORMAL START IN JCL PARM PARAMETER CKPTID VALUE DURING RESTART IN JCL PARM PARAMETER 79 CHAPTER 8: GSAM DATABASES GSAM WHAT IS GSAM PROCESSING GSAM DATABASES GSAM FILE & RECORD SEARCH ARGUMENT (RSA) 82 Page 7 of 11

8 CHAPTER 9: JCL FOR IMS DB PROGRAMS RUN IMS APPLICATION PROGRAM USING IMS LOADER PROGRAM DFSRRC REGION TYPE DFSRRC00 FORMAT & PARAMETERS DDITV02 DDNAME IN IMS-DB2 JCL DDOTV02 DDNAME IN IMS-DB2 JCL RUN IMS-DB2 PROGRAM USING IMS LOADER PROGRAM DFSRRC00, IMS DB2 LOADER PROGRAM DSNMTV01 & DB2 INITIALIZATION MODULE DSNMIN DFSVSAMP CODING DFSRESLB DDNAME DATASETS IMSLOGR LOG DATASET IEFRDER LOG DATASET IMSACB DDNAME DATASETS DBB DFSTAT DDNAME IN JCL IMS DDNAME DATASETS DYNALLIB DATASETS APPLICATION GROUP NAME (AGN) EXIT ROUTINE (DFSISIS0) APPLICATION CONTROL BLOCKS (ACB) JCL FOR IMS-DB PROGRAM 96 CHAPTER 10: APPLICATION PROGRAMMING FOR IMS DB APPLICATION PROGRAMMING USING BATCH CHECKPOINT/RESTART COMPILE IMS PROGRAM PASSING PARAMETER TO IMS COBOL PROGRAM USING SYSIN PASSING PARAMETER TO IMS COBOL PROGRAM USING APARM DATABASE DRIVEN PROGRAMS FILE DRIVEN PROGRAMS 104 Page 8 of 11

9 7. DLI BATCH UPDATE PROGRAMS 104 CHAPTER 11: DBDGEN & PSBGEN CODING IMS DATABASE CODING DBDLIB DBDLIB CODING SEGM DBDLIB CODING PTR DBDLIB CODING COMPRTN DBDLIB CODING FIELD DBDLIB CODING PTR DBDLIB CODING FIELD STATEMENT DBDLIB CODING /CK & /SK FIELDS DBDLIB CODING LCHILD XDFLD TYPE DATA TYPE PARAMETER IN DBDLIB PSBLIB CODING PSBLIB CODING CMPAT=YES IO PCB CODING ALTERNATE PCB CODING GSAM PCB CODING 121 CHAPTER 12: ACCESS METHODS DATABASE ORGANIZATION / ACCESS METHODS HDAM HIDAM 123 CHAPTER 13: IMS UTILITY PROGRAMS IMS MODULES DATABASE LOAD PROGRAM (DFSDDLT0) 125 Page 9 of 11

10 3. DATABASE IMAGE COPY UTILITY (DFSUDMP0) DATABASE RECOVERY UTILITY (DFSURDB0) DATABASE CHANGE ACCUMULATION UTILITY (DFSUCUM0) DATABASE BATCH BACKOUT UTILITY (DFSBBO00) DATABASE IMAGE COPY UTILITY (DFSUDMP0) 126 CHAPTER 14: DATABASE RECOVERY AND DBRC IMS RECOVERY RECON DATASETS DATABASE RECOVERY WHEN RECOVERY NEEDED DATABASE RECOVERY CONTROL (DBRC) DATABASE REGISTERED TO DBRC DBRC DATABASE RECOVERY CONTROL FACILITY 130 APPENDIX A SAMPLE PROGRAMS 132 I. SAMPLE IMS-DB READ PROGRAM 132 II. SAMPLE IMS-DB UPDATE PROGRAM WITH CHECKPOINT RESTART LOGIC 134 APPENDIX B SAMPLE JCLS 137 I. SAMPLE JCL TO RUN IMS-DB PROGRAM 137 II. SAMPLE JCL TO RUN IMS-DB PROGRAM WITH DB2 138 III. SAMPLE JCL TO UNLOAD IMS DATABASE 139 IV. SAMPLE JCL TO LOAD IMS DATABASE 140 V. SAMPLE JCL TO RELOAD IMS DATABASE 140 VI. SAMPLE JCL TO TAKE IMAGE COPY OF IMS DATABASE 141 VII. SAMPLE JCL TO REORG THE IMS DATABASE 141 VIII. SAMPLE JCL FOR RECOVERY OF IMS DATABASE 142 Page 10 of 11

11 IX. SAMPLE JCL TO BACKOUT IMS DATABASES AFTER PROGRAM HAS UPDATED IN ITS PRIOR STEP 142 X. SAMPLE JCL TO ACCUMULATE IMS LOG RECORDS 143 XI. SAMPLE JCL TO MONITOR & LOGGING FACILITY 144 APPENDIX C SAMPLE PSBGEN AND DBDGEN 144 I. SAMPLE PSBLIB 144 II. SAMPLE PSBLIB FOR IMS DATABASE WITH SECONDARY INDEX DATABASES 145 III. SAMPLE DBDLIB FOR IMS DATABASE & GET ROOT SEGMENT 145 IV. SAMPLE DBDLIB FOR IMS DATABASE FOR SECONDARY INDEXING WHERE INDEX SOURCE AND TARGET SEGMENTS ARE SAME USING PRIMARY KEY & GET INDEX POINTER SEGMENT 147 V. SAMPLE DBDLIB FOR IMS DATABASE FOR SECONDARY INDEXING WHERE INDEX SOURCE AND TARGET SEGMENTS ARE SAME USING SECONDARY KEY & GET INDEX POINTER SEGMENT 149 VI. SAMPLE DBDLIB FOR IMS DATABASE FOR SECONDARY INDEXING WHERE INDEX SOURCE AND TARGET SEGMENTS ARE DIFFERENT & GET TARGET SEGMENT 152 VII. SAMPLE DBDLIB FOR IMS DATABASE FOR SECONDARY INDEXING WHERE INDEX SOURCE AND TARGET SEGMENTS ARE DIFFERENT & GET INDEX POINTER SEGMENT 154 APPENDIX D AIBTDLI CALL FOR GETTING ADDRESS OF SECONDARY INDEX DATABASE PCB SINCE SECONDARY INDEX DB PCBS WILL NOT BE PASSED FROM PSB 157 APPENDIX E IMS DATABASE BROWSING VIA FILE AID 160 APPENDIX F IMS STATUS CODES 176 APPENDIX G EXERCISES 178 EXERCISE 1: IMS-DB CONCEPTS 179 EXERCISE 2: APPLICATION PROGRAMMING 181 EXERCISE 3: SECONDARY INDEXING 184 EXERCISE 4: JCL 185 APPENDIX H ACRONYMS 187 APPENDIX I GLOSSARY OF TERMS 188 APPENDIX J ANSWER KEYS TO EXERCISES 200 APPENDIX K REFERENCES 200 Page 11 of 11