Introduction to Information Visualization

Transcription

1 Introduction to Information Visualization Kwan-Liu Ma Visualization definition Visualization process Outline Scientific visualization vs. information visualization Visualization samples Information visualization: challenges and directions Readings

2 Visualization To understand something is called seeing it. Visualizations Convey information using graphics means Amplify cognition The purpose of visualization is insight Communicate a known idea, or Create or discover new ones Graphical aids for thinking is not new! Visualization The advent of computer makes possible more powerful participating exploration and discovery experience Visualization began as a field since 1987 Visualization in Scientific Computing, an NSF report Visualization now and then Interactive, semi-automated, 3D and beyond Still, hand-crafted, 1D and 2D

3 Visualization and Medicine Leonardo da Vinci Visualization and Meteorology Leonardo da Vinci, 1515 Edmond Halley, 1696 East Asia coastal cyclone, NCAR

4 Visualization and Engineering Eric Lum Ibrahim Yavuz and Andrei Smirnov using Ensight Visualization Process Data Source Cognitive Processing user User Interfaces Filtering Mapping Rendering Viewing

5 Classifications SciVis vs. InfoVis Spatialization given versus chosen T. Munzner Physical versus abstract Applications Algorithms M. Tory and T. Möller, InfoVis 2004 Objectives Do we need a distinction? Scientific Visualization NCSA

6 Information Visualization Size=market cap Color=price performance Scientific Visualization Chandra X-ray Observatory Simulation by TSI and visualization by UCD

7 Information Visualization Visualization study of the NSFNET, NCSA Scientific Visualization SCIRun, Utah Internal defibrillation simulation

8 Information Visualization Hierarchical clustering explorer, HCI Lab, Univ. of Maryland Microarray data analysis, NIH Scientific Visualization Virtual Wind Tunnel, NASA Ames Research Center

9 Information Visualization Information Visualization

10 Scientific Visualization Information Visualization

11 Scientific Visualization Information Visualization Structure of Music Bach, Goldberg Variations Martin Wattenberg Chopin, Mazurka in F# Minor

12 What are the challenges? Large Multivariate Multidimensional Multimodalities Time-varying Complex and/or evolving geometry Noisy Incomplete samples Usability ECS289H: Information Visualization In this class, we study how to effectively convey information using computer graphics means We consider all types of data including text, documents, maps, relations, computer networks, social networks, inventories, business transactions, web, processes, images, Beyond interactive diagrams HCI Fundamental topics: Space Color Interaction Perception and cognition

13 Readings Papers and Presentations January 24 Data, Taxonomy, Design Spaces 1. The Eyes Have It: A Task by Data Type Taxonomy for Information Visualizations, B. Shneiderman, Symposium on Visual Languages [at CiteSeer] 2. The Structure of the Information Visualization Design Space, S. Card and J. Mackinlay, InfoVis '97.[pdf] 3. A Knowledge Task-Based Framework for Design and Evaluation of Information Visualization, R. Amar and J. Stasko, InfoVis 2004.[pdf] January 26 Perception 1. Internal vs. External Information in Visual Perception, R. Rensink, 2nd Int. Symposium on Smart Graphics, pp , 2002.[pdf] 2. Perceptual and Interpretative Properties of Motion for Information Visualization, L. Bartram, Proc Workshop on New Paradigms in Information Visualization and Manipulation, 1997, pp Face-based Luminance Matching for Perceptual Colormap Generation, G. Kindlmann, E. Reinhard, and S. Creem, Proceedings of Visualization [pdf and software] 4. Large Datasets at a Glance: Combining Textures and Colors in Scientific Visualization, C. Healey and J. Enns, IEEE Transactions on Visualization and Computer Graphics 5(2): , 1999.[pdf] January 31 Multivarite/Multidimensional Data Visualization I 1. Multidimensional Detective, A. Inselberg, InfoVis ' Visualizing Multivariate Functions, Data, and Distributions, Mihalisin et al., IEEE CG&A, May Worlds Within Worlds: Metaphors for Explorating n-dimensional Virtual Worlds, S. Feiner and C. Beshers, ACM UIST 90. [at CiteSeer] 4. HyperSlice: Visualization of Scalar Functions of Many Variables, J. van Wijk and R. van Liere, Visualization '93.

14 Papers and Presentations February 2 Multivariate/Multidimensional Data Visualization II Fast Multidimensional Scaling through Sampling, Springs and Interpolation, A. Morrison, G. Ross, M. Chalmers, Information Visualization 2(1), March Hierarchical Parallel Coordindates for Visulizing Large Multivariate Data Sets, Y.-H. Fua, M. Ward, and E. Rundensteiner, Visualization '99. Interactive Hierarchical Dimension Ordering, Spacing and Filtering for Exploration of High Dimensional Datasets, J. Yang, W. Peng, M. Ward, and E. Rundensteiner, InfoVis [at CiteSeer] February 7 Distortion, Focus+Context Methods 1. The FISHEYE View: A New Look at Structured Files, G. Furnas, Readings in Information Visualization, 1999.[at CiteSeer] 2. A Review and Taxonomy of Distortion-Oriented Presentation Techniques, Y. Leung and M. Apperley, ACM Transaction on CHI, 1(2), June Nonlinear Magnification Fields, A. Keahey and E. Robertson, InfoVis '97.[pdf] 4. Extending Distortion Viewing Techniques from 2D to 3D Data, M. Sheelagh, T. Carpendale, D. Cowperthwaite, and D. Fracchia, IEEE CG&A, July 1997.[pdf] 5. The Table Lengs: Merging Graphical and Symbolic Representations in an Interactive Focus+Context Visualization for Tabular Information, R. Rao and S. Card, CHI '94, pp [pdf] 6. The Hyperbolic Browser: A Focus+Context Technique for Visualizing Large Hierarchies, J. Lamping and R. Rao, Journal of Visual Languages and Computing, 7(1), [at CiteSeer] Papers and Presentations February 9 Interactive Navigation 1. Space-Scale Diagrams, G. Furnas and B. Bederson, CHI '95. [pdf] 2. Pad++: A Zooming Graphical Interface for Exploring Alternate Interface Physics, B. Bederson and J. Hollan, UIST '94. [pdf] 3. Smooth and Efficient Zooming and Panning, J. van Wijk and W. Nuij, InfoVis [pdf] 4. Design Guidelines for Landmarks to Support Navigation in Virtual Environments, G. Norman, CHI '99. [pdf] February 14 Tree and Hierarchy Visualization 1. Treemaps, B. Johnson and B. Shneiderman, Visualization ' Cone Tree, G. Robertson, J. Mackinlay, and S. Card, CHI '91. [at CiteSeer] 3. Space Tree, C. Plaisant, J. Grosjean, and B. Bederson, InfoVis [Project page] 4. Navigating Large Network with Hierarchies, S. Eick and G. Wills, Visualization 93. [at CiteSeer] February 16 Graph Visualization 1. Graph Visualization and Navigation in Information Visualization, I. Herman, g. Melancon, M. Marshall, TVCG, January-March [at CiteSeer] 2. Topological Fisheye Views for Visualizing Large Graphs, E. Gansner, Y. Koren, and S. North, InfoVis [pdf] 3. Animated Exploration of Graphs with Radial Layout, K.-P. Yee, D. Fisher, R. Dhamija, and M. Hearst, InfoVis [pdf] 4. H3: Laying Out Large Directed Graphs in 3D Hyperbolic Space, T. Munzner, InfoVis '97. [Project page]

15 Papers and Presentations February 21 Dynamic Queries and Interactive Analysis 1. Dynamic Queries for Visual Information Seeking, B. Shneiderman, IEEE Software, 11(6), [at CiteSeer] 2. Visual Information Seeking: Tight Coupling of Dynamic Query Filters with Starfield Displays, C. Ahlberg and B. Shneiderman, CHI '94. [at CiteSeer] 3. SDM: Selective Dynamic Manipulation of Visualizations, M. Chuah, S. Roth, J. Mattis, and J. Kolojejchick, UIST '95. [at CiteSeer] 4. VisDB: Database Exploration using Multidimensional Visualization, D. Keim and H.-P. Kriegel, IEEE CG&A, 1994.[pdf] February 23 Evaluation 1. The Perceptual Evaluation of Visualization Techniques and Systems, Appendix C, Information Visualization, C. Ware, Morgan Kaufmann, Snap-together Visualization, C. North and B. Shneiderman, Intl. Journal of Human-Computer Studies, Academic Press, 53(5), November [AVI 2000 version at CiteSeer] 3. An Evaluation of Microarray Visualization Tools for Biological Insight, P. Saraiya, C. North, and K. Duca, InfoVis The Challenge of Information Visualization Evaluation, C. Plaisant, AVI February 28 Document visualization 1. Visualization for the Document Space, X. Lin, Visualization '92 2. Galaxy of News, E. Rennison, UIST '94. [pdf] 3. Visualizing the Non-Visual: Spatial Analysis and Interaction with Information from Text Documents (Themescapes), J. Wise et al., InfoVis ' WebBook and Web Forager, S. Card and G. Robertson, CHI '96. [pdf] Papers and Presentations March 2 Software Visualization SeeSoft: A Tool for Visualizing Line Oriented Software Statistics, S. Eick et al., IEEE Transaction on Software Engineering, 18(11), 1992, pp Space-Filling Software Visualization, M. Baker and S. Eick, Journal of Visual Language and Computing, 6(2), 1995 Managing Software with New Visual Representations, M. Chuah, S. Eick, InfoVis '97. [at CiteSeer] Execution Patterns in Object-Oriented Visualization, W. Pauw et al., COOTS '98. [pdf] March 7, March 9, March 14 (March 11, Friday) Final project presentations

16 Homework 1 Visualization critiques An HTML file is due 5pm, January 16 In-class presentation on January 17 Business 2.0, June 2004 Class Home Page