INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PURE AND APPLIED RESEARCH IN ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY

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1 INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PURE AND APPLIED RESEARCH IN ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY A PATH FOR HORIZING YOUR INNOVATIVE WORK FINGER PRINT BASED ELECTRONIC VOTING MACHINE PROF. K. M. PIMPLE 1, MISS. PALLAVI M. KOLHE 2, MISS. KOMAL P. BARAMKAR 2, MISS. ASHWINI G. MANKAR 2, MISS. VAISHALI JAMBHE 2 1. Assistant Professor, Department of EXTC, IBSS COE Amravati. 2. Final year EXTC, IBSS COE Amravati, Maharashtra, India. Accepted Date: 05/03/2015; Published Date: 01/05/2015 Abstract: In this paper we propose a completely automated E- voting system. Authentication is the bigger concern at the time of voting. Recognizing the need of authentication, we developed an automated system with user friendly access using finger print sensor module. The sensor is a solidstate fingerprint sensor that reliably captures fingerprint information and was designed to integrate into devices for improved authentication and convenience. It provides a reliable, quick and userfriendly alternative to passwords and even for PIN's and other forms of user authentication. We make use of this device to construct an E-voting machine. Whenever a person puts his finger over the finger print module, if that is authenticated, the system will ask him to select the respective contestant. After that is done, his vote will be counted. When a person has casted his vote, the corresponding officer presses a button confirming that the particular finger print has casted the vote. So in case if the same person tries to caste again, \ it will not allow that. The number of votes each contestant got is displayed on LCD. Keywords: Finger print system, LCD, Biometrics. Corresponding Author: PROF. K. M. PIMPLE Access Online On: How to Cite This Article: PAPER-QR CODE K. M. Pimple, IJPRET, 2015; Volume 3 (9):

2 INTRODUCTION Biometrics refers to metrics related to human characteristics and traits. Biometrics authentication is used in computer science as a form of identification and access control. It is also used to identify individuals in groups that are under surveillance. Biometric identifiers are very distinctive, and also have measurable characteristics that are used to label and describe every biometric individual. Biometric identifiers are divided or categorized as physiological versus behavioral characteristics. The Physiological characteristics are mostly related to the shape of the body like examples palm veins, face recognition, DNA, palm print, hand geometry, iris recognition, retina and odour/scent include, but are not limited to fingerprint. The second category is Behavioral characteristics which are completely related to the pattern of behavior of a person, gait, and voice including but not limited to typing rhythm. Some other researchers have coined a term as behaviometrics which describes the latter class of biometrics. In past or earlier days more traditional means of security access control were used. These systems include token-base identification systems, such as a driver's license or passport, or any kind of knowledge-based identification systems, such as a password or any personal identification number. Subsequent biometric identifiers are unique to differentiate the individuals so the identification process is simpler and easier, than compared to prior methods. II. RELATED WORK: A method of voting system or electoral system is a defined as, by which voters can make a choice between options, often in an election. The voting system accomplishes the rules to ensure valid voting, and also how votes are counted and to aggregate the final result. Most common voting systems are based on the majority rule, a proportional representation voting 1091

3 with a number of variations and methods such as first-past-the-post or preferential voting. The study of conventionally defined voting systems which is named as social choice theory or voting theory, consists of a subfield with political science, economics, or mathematics. In the Proposed system we used Finger print sensor which is a solid-state fingerprint sensor that reliably captures the fingerprint information. It is designed to incorporate for different devices to provide an improved authentication and also for the purpose of convenience. This sensor module provides a reliable, quick and user-friendly alternative to passwords, along with PIN's and other forms of user authentication details. Aforementioned identification process using finger print will change slightly between different products and systems. These Standard systems are comprised of a sensor for scanning a fingerprint and a processor which stores the fingerprint database and software which compares and also matches the fingerprint to the predefined database. Within the database, a fingerprint is consistently matched to a reference number, or any PIN number which is then again matched to a person's name or account. The primary information about fingerprint is that, it is unique for each and every person. O it is for even a twin brother will not have the same fingerprints. Hence each fingerprint is used to store a unique identifiable piece of data base or any information. The uniqueness in each fingerprint is due to the peculiar genetic code of DNA which is present in every person. This code causes the formation of a different pattern of our fingerprint. The other characteristics of the finger print are shown in the above image. These characteristics may also helpful during the process of minutiae for extraction. The unique information used for the identification process also includes the flow of the friction ridges, the sequence and the presence/absence of the individual friction ridge path features. A single fingerprint consists of ridges and valleys. These ridges and valleys both together provide friction for the skin. The primary identification of the skin is based upon the minutiae, which absolutely is the location and direction of the ridge endings and splits along a ridge path II. PROPOSED METHODOLOGY: In this paper we are presented a biometric finger print based voting system. We make use of this device to construct voting machine. Whenever a person puts his finger over the finger print module, if that is authenticated, the system will ask him to select the respective contestant. After that is done, his vote will be counted. When a person has casted his vote, the corresponding officer presses a button confirming that the particular finger print has casted the 1092

4 vote. So in case if the same person tries to caste again, it will not allow that. The number of votes each contestant got is displayed on LCD. The present system uses an onboard minicomputer named as PIC microcontroller which consists of number of input and output ports. The input and output port of the micro controller are interfaced with different input and output modules depending on the requirements. The current system uses finger print module, selection buttons as input to the microcontroller and the LCD and buzzer as output modules. In other words micro controller acts as a communication medium for all the modules involved in the project. The system also performs an health check indication of microcontroller using LED indicators. The device also consists of LCD which displays the required information and also alerts the user when any wrong finger authentication was detected then LCD displayed the message NOT MATCHED Finger print based Voting Machine PIC Micro controller Finger print module Buzzer Driver Buzzer LED Indicators Crystal Oscillator Reset Button Control Buttons LCD Driver LCD Filter O/P 5V DC I/O 230V Transformer Rectifier Regulator Regulated power supply. a. Fingerprint: The present system uses finger print module and the Fingerprint processing includes two parts: fingerprint enrollment and fingerprint matching (the matching can be 1:1 or 1:N).When enrolling, the finger print the user needs to enter the finger twice. The system will process the twice given finger images, and generates a template of the finger based on processing results. 1093

5 And this template is stored. When matching, any finger prints the user enters the finger through optical sensor and system will generate a template of the finger and compare it with templates of the fingers stored in library. For 1:1 matching, system will compare the live finger with specific template designated in the Module; for 1: N matching, or searching, system will search the whole finger library for the matching finger. In both circumstances, the system will provide the results of matching either success or failure. b. Microcontroller The microcontroller used in the proposed system is PIC which stands for Peripheral Interface Controller given by Microchip Technology to identify its single-chip microcontrollers. PIC microcontrollers are very successful in 8-bit microcontrollers. This project makes use of an onboard mini computer, which is usually termed as micro controller. It acts as heart of the project. This onboard computer can efficiently communicate with the output and input modules which are being used. The controller contains some internal memory to store the program code. This memory is also used to dump some set of assembly instructions into the controller and these help for the functioning of the controller. The crystal oscillator speed that can be connected to the PIC microcontroller ranges from up to 20Mhz. Using the CCS C compiler usually 20Mhz oscillator will be used. The cost of the microcontroller is also very cheaper. The 20 MHz crystal oscillator should be connected with about 22pF capacitor. There are 5 input/output ports on PIC microcontroller namely port A port B port C port D and port E. Ever single port has different based functionality. Most of them can be used as general I/O ports. The microcontroller uses Harvard architecture which separates both Program and Variable (data) memory interface. This facilitates fetching of an instruction and the operation on data/accessing of variables simultaneously. 1094

6 c. LCD Display module: Microcontroller One of the most common devices attached to a micro controller is an LCD display. Special thin flat panels that can let light go through it, or can block the light. Some of the most common LCD s connected to the many microcontrollers are 16x2 and 20x2 LCD displays. It means that 16 characters per line by 2 lines were displayed and 20 characters per line by 2 lines were displayed, respectively. Liquid crystal displays are usually abbreviated as LCD s. These displays are often used in battery-powered devices, such as digital watches, since they require very little amount of electricity consumption. d. Buzzer LCD module The paper related to finger based voting system uses a buzzer module for audible alerts when any wrong finger print was detected. The buzzer or beeper is an audio based signaling device. It 1095

7 is mainly designed as mechanical, electromechanical, or piezoelectric. There are many typical uses of buzzers and beepers which include alarm devices, timers and also based on confirmation of user inputs such as a mouse click or keystroke. IV CONCLUSION: Buzzer The existing voting system is an Integrating feature of all the hardware components been used and developed in it. The Presence of each and every module has been reasoned out and placed very carefully. Hence the contributing to the best working unit for a secured voting system has been designed perfectly. Secondly, using highly advanced IC s like finger print module, biometric technology with the help of growing technology, the project has been successfully implemented with a unique idea. Thus the project has been successfully designed and tested. The project Finger print based Voting Machine was designed to construct an automated voting machine using fingerprint module and push buttons. The finger print module captures fingerprint information through which the user can be identified and his vote will be taken into account. The required information was displayed on LCD. This project can be extended using a GSM module and 3G technology. GSM intimates the bank authorities and the owner of the locker if the password is entered wrongly for 3 times continuously and 3G technology is used to have a photograph of the person who entered wrong password, which helps a lot in security issues. REFERENCES: 1. Jain, A et al (1997) "On-Line Fingerprint Verification." IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence VOL. 19, No. 4, 1997:

8 2. Electronic Voting (2009), Available from com/terminology_electronicvoting.pdf 3. T Kohno et al.(2004), Analysis of Electronic Voting, IEEE Symposium on Privacy and Security. 4. D Deville et al(2003), Smart Card Operating system: Past, Present and Future.Proceedings of Fifth USENIX/NordU Conference, Vaster as, Sweden 5. Nalini K. Ratha, Enhancing security and privacy in biometrics-based authentication systems, IBM Systems Journal, vol. 40, no. 3, pp , A. Abhyankar, S. Schuckers, Fingerprint liveness detection using local ridge frequencies and multiresolution texture analysis techniques, in Proc. International Conference On Image Processing, pp , Sujan Parthasaradhi, Reza Derakhshani, L Hornak, S. A. C. Schuckers, Time-series detection of perspiration as a liveness test in fingerprint scanners, IEEE Transactions on Systems, Man, and Cybernetics-Part C: Applications and Reviews, vol. 35, no. 3, pp , August M.Kaur, M. Singh, A. Girdhar, and P. S. Sandhu, "Fingerprint verification system using minutiae extraction technique". World Academy of Science, 1097