Comparison of Routing Protocols RIP, OSPF and EIGRP
|
|
- Lisa Powell
- 6 years ago
- Views:
Transcription
1 Comparison of Routing Protocols RIP, OSPF and EIGRP Kamal Grover 1, Palak Bansal 2, RanjanVenkatachala Shetty 3 1 Department of Computer Science and Engineering, National Institute of Technology Jalandhar 2 Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Ottawa 3 Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Ottawa ABSTRACT In communication network, routing protocols are used to determine the shortest path to destination. In this paper we are comparing the performance of RIP, OSFP and EIGRP routing protocol and then suggesting the best routing protocol for the given topology [1]. EIGRP, OSPF and RIP are the dynamic routing protocols being used in the practical networks to propagate network topology information to the neighboring routers [2]. We have implemented OSPF protocol for inter- networking between networks of a company present in different locations around the world. The headquarters of the company is present in Mumbai and Boston. After the implementation, the comparison is made by using different researches and simulations of OSPF routing protocol between routing protocols. Finally, it is concluded that choice of routing protocol depends on different critical parameters like convergence time, scalability, memory and CPU requirements, security and bandwidth requirement etc. Keywords:Communication network, Protocols, routing 1. INTRODUCTION Computer networking has grown rapidly during last few decades. This also evolved the need of file sharing, video conferencing and chatting. In the practical networks, the internet service providers rely on dynamic routing protocols to update the routing table of routers. These routers are used to control and forward the data. While communicating, the routers must know to which direction it should forward the packets to that they could reach to their destination.to make this routing effective the routing protocols should be chosen wisely. The main factors that differentiates two routing protocols is to adapt quickly to network changes, ability to choose best routing route and reduce traffic. Root cause of degradation of service performance in networking is network Congestion, link failures, and routing instabilities [3]. Most of problems occur during the routing changes. This disruption lasts few seconds long for interrupt- in web transfers. During this routing packets are dropped, delayed and received out of order [4]. So, to avoid this problem, it becomes important to analyze different routing protocols. These protocols enhance speed of data transfer in network. Their performance can be determined by convergence time. In this paper, we are implementing OSPF routing protocol and comparing it to RIP and EIGRP. The remaining portion is organized as follows. Section 2 describes types of routing protocols that is RIP, OSFP and EIGRP. Section 3 tells how we implemented OSPF routing protocol. It explains switching protocol, network optimization and test plan used while implementing it. Section 4 compares results obtained in implementation to other routing protocols like RIP and EIGRP. Section 5 concludes the paper. 2. ROUTING PROTOCOLS The routing occurs on network layer. Routing protocols are used to specify how routers communicate with each other, learn about available routes, built routing tables and decisions and share information with neighbors. Routers are used to connect multiple networks. The protocol determines the best route to the destination. The routers use routing tables to identify the routes to network destination. The goal is to achieve the fastest way to update the routing tables. The protocol has the information about which router is connected across the network and uses this to make routing decision [5]. Distance vector and link state are two terms which are used to group routing protocols based on factor whether routing protocol selects best route by distance metric or best routing path by calculating state of each link in the path. Routers Volume 6, Issue 2, February 2017 Page 8
2 which uses distance vector share information with other routers in network [6]. Types of routing protocols: there are two kinds of routing protocols 1. Static: in this case the network is fixed. (there are no nodes added or removed) 2. Dynamic: Changes are allowed in this case by allowing updates on routing table. These are quite scalable and adaptable. RIP, OSPF and EIGRP are dynamic in nature. 2.1 RIP(Routing Information Protocol) It is first routing protocol which was implemented on TCP/IP. It uses distance- vector algorithm. It uses hop count method to find optimal path for routing. It needs less RAM and CPU power. The maximum hop count allowed in this case is 16 hops. It calculates best path based on the hop count. Then update process is used to tell router which is best route and should be used. This protocol can be used for dynamic routing [1]. RIP is generally not preferred as its convergence time is poor as compared to other protocols. However, it is simple protocol and it is easy to implement. 2.2 OSPF (Open Shortest Path First) It keeps track of complete topology database of all connection in database. The routers send hello packets to all neighbors and receive hello packets in return and in this way, it establishes routing connections by synchronizing databases. At regular interval, each router sends update messages to router to know if the neighbor router is active [7]. It detects topology changes quickly and can modify parameters. It is complex routing protocol. Here all routers exchange link state which is stored in link state database. For example, like in topology link database is stored in every router and determines the Shortest Path Tree to all the destinations. It uses Dijkstra shortest path algorithm to calculate the shortest path. Figure 1Topology of OSPF 2.3 EIGRP(Enhanced Interior Gateway Routing Protocol) It is called hybrid protocol as it uses advanced distance vector algorithm and link state protocol. Full routing information is exchanged only once when there is neighbor establishment. It reduces traffic by using need based updates. It passes the partial updates to routers and does so only when routing changes. It also keeps copies of routing table of neighborhood. This protocol is only compatible with Cisco Technology [8]. It uses metrics like bandwidth, delay, reliability and load to make decisions. It uses bandwidth in better way. This protocol has more complete view of network than any typical distance protocol. The diffusing update algorithm is used to obtain loop-freedom. This allows all routers to not be affected by topology changes. Fig. 2 depicts the protocol structure of EIGRP packet. 3.IMPLEMENTATION OF RIP PROTOCOL 3.1 Project Design Each host represented below is a department in each location. US router is a location router, which connects Boston Router and New York router. There is a location router for Asia, which connects Mumbai router and Beijing router. Router dedicated to Europe connects to London. Frame relay WAN technology is used to connect the location routers US, Asia and Europe. OSPF routing protocol is used. Volume 6, Issue 2, February 2017 Page 9
3 Figure 2 OSPF Packet Format [9] Figure 3 Topology of network created Figure 4 Headquarters:Boston Boston and Mumbai office are the HQ for the organization. Each office has three departments namely Finance, HR andtechnical. Requirement is of 250 employees with 85 percentredundancy in each office; hence, we need 463 IP addresses.so /23 subnet is used. Boston Network: /23 MumbaiNetwork: / Switching protocols VLANS are used to differentiate the departments. HR, finance and Technical departments are assigned VLAN 10, 20 and 30 respectively. DHCP server present in the technical department is responsible for allocation of IP addresses to all the terminals. VLAN 10: Fa0/3-9 HR VLAN 20: Fa0/10-17 Finance VLAN 30: Fa0/18-24 Technical Switch(config)vlan 10 Switch(config-vlan)name HR Switch(config)interface range fa0/3-9 Switch(config-range)switchport mode access Switch(config-range)switchport access vlan 10 Trunk interface is configured to connect router to switch which carries data for all vlans. Switch(config)int fa0/0 Volume 6, Issue 2, February 2017 Page 10
4 Switch(config-if)switchport mode trunk Switch(config-if)switchport trunk allow vlan 10,20, Routing protocols Routing protocol OSPF is used to communicate among the routers.the routing protocol is configured as below. Router(config)router ospf 1 Router(config-router)network area 1 The trunk interface of the router connected to switch is configured with 3 sub-interfaces to carry data of all 3 vlans. HSRP is used to provide redundancy. command ip helper-address is used to give access to DHCP present in VLAN 30. Active: Router(config)int fa0/0.10 Router(config-subif)encapsulation dot1q 10 Router(config-subif)ip address Router(config-subif)ip helper-address Router(config-subif)standby 1 ip Router(config-subif)standby 1 priority 210 Router(config-subif)standby 1 preempt Router(config-subif)standby 1 track fa 0/0 Router(config)int fa0/0 Router(config-if)no shutdown Standby: Router(config)int fa0/0.10 Router(config-subif)encapsulation dot1q 10 Router(config-subif)ip address Router(config-subif)ip helper-address Router(config-subif)standby 1 ip Router(config-subif)standby 1 priority 200 Router(config-subif)standby 1 preempt Router(config-subif)standby 1 track fa 0/0 Router(config)int fa0/0 Router(config-if)no shutdown New York,London and Beijing office New York, London and Beijing offices has two departments namely HR and Technical. Requirement is of 250 employees with 85 New York Network: /23, London Network: /23, Beijing Network: /23. Figure 5New York Office Volume 6, Issue 2, February 2017 Page 11
5 3.2 WAN Configuration Frame Relay Router(config)int s2/0 Router(config-subif)encapsulation frame-relay Router(config-subif)bandwidth 64 Router(config-subif)interface s2/0.102 point-to-point Router(config-subif)frame-relay interface dcli 102 Router(config-subif)ip address These configuration are made on all 3 continent routers. Table 1: DLCIsUsed US Europe Asia Access-Lists Access Control Lists (ACL) is a list of permissions attached to an object. An ACL will indicate which users are granted access to which locations in the network, used on active and standby routers in HQs on the interface going to finance dept. Extended access-list used on Boston active router: Router(config-subif) encapsulation frame-relay Router(config-subif) bandwidth 64 Router(config-subif) interface s2/0.102 point-to-point Router(config-subif) frame-relay interface dcli 102 Router(config-subif)ip address These configurations are made on all 3 continent routers. Figure 6Boston to Mumbai finance Volume 6, Issue 2, February 2017 Page 12
6 3.2.3 IP Addresses Requirement is of 250 employees with 85. Figure 7Boston HR office to Boston finance Table 2: Boston: /23 Boston Finance HR Technical IP Range Subnet Mask Defaultgateway VLAN Table 3: Mumbai: /23 Boston Finance HR Technical IP Range Subnet Mask Defaultgateway VLAN Table 4: New York : /23 Boston HR Technical IP Range Subnet Mask Default / /25 gateway / /25 VLAN Volume 6, Issue 2, February 2017 Page 13
7 Table 5: IP address at Active/Standby routers towards gateway router Active Router Network Standby Router Network Boston / /25 Mumba i / /25 Table 6: IP Addresses of DHCP servers in the technical areas Office Name IP Address of DHPC server Boston London New York Beijing London Table 7: City-city and city-continent interfaces City-continent IP Range Subnet Mask Boston-US New York-US London- Europe Mumbai-Asia Beijing-Asia Test Plan for the network a. Hosts are connected to the switches in each network. DHCP is configured for the host to get the IP assigned to each host. IP default gateway and subnet mask is assigned from the DHCP server. b. The switch is configured for different VLANS. c. Configuredthe switches and the routers with full duplex processing d. The routing table is checkedto verify all routes. d. HSRP was tested and successfully implemented by using activeand standby routers. This was tested by shutting individual links from the switch tothe router. e. To check security, ping from finance department and ping is allowed. Anyother department when tries to ping finance,ping will fail. 4COMPARISON OF SIMULATION RESULTSOF OSPF, RIP AND EIGRPPROTOCOLS We have implemented the packet tracer for the OSPF protocol; we are now comparing the different factors of OSPF protocol with RIP and EIGRP protocols. Below are thecomparison factors that we have considered to find out the best protocol in terms of performance. First is Convergence-To measure the speediness of the protocols on smallmesh topology and large mesh topology and tree topology and second is Traffic onrouters. The simulation of the performance of three protocols is evaluated on three topologies small mesh, large mesh topology and tree topology. We have obtained results of the OSPF from our implementation, but the results of RIP and EIGRP is obtained from [10]. 4.1Convergence We executed the simulation on the small mesh topology for three protocols and results are shown in Figure 3.1. As we can see in the graph, the 3 peaks in the graph represent about the three different identities such as initialization, failure, recover. The wider the peak of the graph the slower is the convergence, basically the width of the peak represents the convergence time of the individual protocol. From the graph, we can understand that EIGRP is performing better than Volume 6, Issue 2, February 2017 Page 14
8 any other protocols so it can have considered as fastest and the RIP protocol is considerably slow than EIGRIP. However, the OSPF is the slowest among all three protocols which is clear from the graph. Figure 8 Overlay Convergence action on small mesh topology 4.2 Execution of simulation on large mesh topologies We executed the simulation on the small mesh topology for three protocols and results are shown in Figure 3.1. As we can see in the graph, the results on large mesh topologies didn't make any difference for EIGRP protocol performance; even in this case the EIGRP stands first. Whereas in case of OSPF the difference of peaks obtained is not substantial in both the cases (Small and Large Mesh topologies). However, the performance of RIP has changed based on our assumption of its number of hop's limit to 15. The RIP stands in last position (i.e. slowest) in case of large mesh topology in case of the failure in the link between the hops; as we can the convergence of the RIP is very large failure when compared to OSPF and EIGRIP. Figure 9 Overlay Convergence action on large mesh topology 4.3 Execution of simulation on large tree topologies With the graph obtained from the data transmission on the tree topology, we can conclude that EIGRP is the fastest protocol when compared to RIP and EIGRP protocol. The performance of the RIP protocol is better than the OSPF in tree, because the initialization time required for RIP is less than OSPF, but little more than EIGRP. The failure convergence period is completely different from the mesh which is EIGRP>OSPF>RIP, however the difference of these is not substantial. With this we can say that EIGRP is fastest, RIP stands in last position and OSPF is faster than RIP. Volume 6, Issue 2, February 2017 Page 15
9 Figure 10 Overlay Convergence action on tree 4.4 Average convergence duration of individual protocol Average convergence duration for RIP In case of very large mesh networks RIP performance is downgraded due to its feature of updating the status 30 seconds. It is suitable for the small network which provides the best throughput compared to tree and mesh large networks. Figure 11 RIP average convergence time Average convergence duration for EIGRP The graph (figure 12) we can see the EIGRP protocol doesn't have any differences orimprovements when it was executed on different topologies. The difference of the convergence duration is around milli seconds (0.02) which is very less. Volume 6, Issue 2, February 2017 Page 16
10 Figure 12 EIRGP average convergence time Average convergence duration for OSPF In case of OSPF the initialization of the network in small mesh network is little faster than other topologies, however at the high level the performance is quite same in all three protocols which is depicted in figure 13. Figure 13OSPF average convergence time 4.5 Average convergence duration of individual protocol In this section, we discuss about the graphs obtained for 3 protocols on small mesh, large, mesh and large tree topologies Traffic on small mesh topology when data is sent at bits/sec inospf, RIP and EIGRP In case of OSPF the initialization of the network in small mesh network is little faster than other topologies, however at the high level the performance is quite same in all three protocols which is depicted in figure 14. As we saw from earlier graphs that OSPF had larger convergence time due to link failure and recovery because the OSPF will exchange lot information for the initial setup, in case of the graphs obtained for the traffic also shows that initial peaks are having highest peak that is the initial peak, followed by the peak which is due to the link failures and the last one is due the recovery. From the graph, we can see the EIGRP is having the best b/w efficiency and the RIP is having the poor b/w performance because we know that RIP sends the updates 30 secs to all nodes and OSPF falls between the RIP and EIGRP. Volume 6, Issue 2, February 2017 Page 17
11 Figure 14 Traffic on small mesh topology Traffic on large mesh topology when data is sent at bits/sec in OSPF, RIP and EIGRP We utilized extensive mesh topology; we can unmistakably tell that the throughput for every convention has expanded. It is because the quantity of switches utilized as a part of this topology is expanded. Toward the starting, OSPF has a throughput of 0.52Mbps, yet EIGPR just has 0.2 Mbps. As we said that OSPF utilizing link state and EIGRP utilizing advanced (hybrid) as a part of the presentation, like state requires delineating the entire system toward the starting. Likewise, we take note of that when failure happens the EIGRP has higher throughput when compared to OSPF. In any case, when recuperation happens the throughput is higher than EIGRP, which is the same circumstance as the underlying. Concerning data transfer capacity proficiency, OSPF and EIGRP has much higher transmission capacity productivity than RIP. Every 30 seconds, RIP squanders around 0.11Mbps, so we understand RIP is not suitable for large networks. Figure 15 Traffic on large mesh topology Traffic on large tree topology when data is sent at bits-sec inospf, RIP and EIGRP In case of OSPF the initialization of the network in small mesh network is little faster than other topologies, however at the high level the performance is quite same in all three protocols which is depicted in figure 6.Even in the case of tree topology we can see large throughput of 1 Mbps for OSPF at the very beginning where the EIGRP is having every less throughput. As discussed earlier, OSPF will make use of the link state and EIGRP uses the hybrid configurations. In Volume 6, Issue 2, February 2017 Page 18
12 case of the failure and recovery the EIGRP perform better and has higher performance than OSPF. If we consider in terms of the bandwidth efficiency also EIGRP and OSPF performs better than RIP. With this what we can understand is RIP is not suitable for large networks, it works best in small network. References Figure 16 Traffic on large mesh topology [1]. Dynamic routing protocol implementation decision between eigrp, ospf and rip based on technical background using opnet modeller," Conference Paper on Computer and Network Technology, IEEE, April 2010 [2]. Nfv-an introduction, benefits, enablers, challenges and call for action," Paper, IEEE, October [3]. Catherine Boutremans, Gianluca Iannaccone and Christophe Diot, Impact of link failures on voip performance," p. 6, May [4]. Performance comparison of eigrp/is-is and ospf/is-is," vol. Blekinge Institute of Technology, p. 102, November [5]. Syed Hamza M Rufa, \Simulation and testing of routing protocols," vol. Simon Fraser University, p. 22, Spring [6]. Kiavash Mirzahossein,Michael Nguyen and Sarah Elmasry, \Analysis of rip, ospf, and eigrp routing protocols using opnet," vol. Simon Fraser University. [7]. Pankaj Rakheja, Prabhjot kaur,anjali gupta and Aditi Sharma, Performance analysis of rip, ospf, igrp and eigrp routing protocols in a network," vol. 48. No.18, p. 6, [8]. Enhanced interior gateway routing protocol draft-savage-eigrp-00.txt. [Online]Available: [9]. Chandra Wijaya,Parahyangan Catholic University, \Performance analysis of dynamic routing protocol eigrp and ospf in ipv4 and ipv6 network," vol First International Conference on Informatics and Computational Intelligence, pp [10]. Justin Deng,Siheng Wu and Kenny Sun, \Comparison of rip, ospf and eigrp routingprotocols based on opnet," vol. 48{No.18, p. 25, Volume 6, Issue 2, February 2017 Page 19
Comparison of EIGRP, RIP and OSPF Routing Protocols based on OPNET
ENSC 427: COMMUNICATION NETWORKS Final Project Presentation Comparison of EIGRP, RIP and OSPF Routing Protocols based on OPNET http://www.sfu.ca/~sihengw/ensc427_group9/ Siheng Wu 301153928 (sihengw@sfu.ca)
More informationENSC- 894 Communication Network FINAL PROJECT PRESENTATIONS Spring 2015
ENSC- 894 Communication Network FINAL PROJECT PRESENTATIONS Spring 2015 Simulation of Routing Protocols Using Riverbed 18.0 (RIP, OSPF, IS-IS, EIGRP, IGRP) Graduate Team #2 http://www.sfu.ca/~vgupta/ Varun
More informationthe larger the number of users and devices, the more broadcasts and packets each switch must handle.
VLANs Introduction By default, routers allow broadcasts to occur only within the originating network, while switches forward broadcasts to all segments. Flat network = one broadcast domain. that the largest
More informationInterconnecting networks with switches. Virtual Local Area Networks (VLAN)
1 Interconnecting networks with switches. Virtual Local Area Networks (VLAN) Experimental Development Exercise 1: Creating VLANs and trunk links using the 802.1Q protocol The aims of this exercise are:
More informationREDDIG II Computer Networking Training
REDDIG II Computer Networking Training JM SANCHEZ / PH RASSAT -20/06/2012 Invierno 2011 Capacitacion en fabrica - CORPAC Dynamic Routing Dynamic Routing Function(s) of Dynamic Routing Protocols: Dynamically
More informationPlanning for Information Network
Planning for Information Network Lecture 8: Network Routing Protocols Assistant Teacher Samraa Adnan Al-Asadi 1 Routing protocol features There are many ways to characterize routing protocols, including
More informationInternational Journal of Computer Science Trends and Technology (IJCST) Volume 4 Issue 5, Sep - Oct 2016
RESEARCH ARTICLE OPEN ACCESS Investigating the Impact of Simulation Time on Convergence Activity & Duration of EIGRP, OSPF Routing Protocols under Link Failure and Link Recovery in WAN Using OPNET Modeler
More informationA comprehensive study of Routing Protocols Performance with Topological Changes in the Networks
A comprehensive study of Routing Protocols Performance with Topological Changes in the Networks Mohsin Masood Electronics & Electrical Engineering Department University of Strathclyde Glasgow, Scotland,
More informationConfiguring HSRP. Global Knowledge Training LLC L5-1
L5 Configuring HSRP Global Knowledge Training LLC L5-1 Objectives In this lab you will examine the hot standby router protocol (HSRP). First you will configure PxR2 similar to PxR1, so they are both possible
More informationCHAPTER 4: ROUTING DYNAMIC. Routing & Switching
CHAPTER 4: ROUTING DYNAMIC Routing & Switching CHAPTER4 4.1 Dynamic Routing Protocols 4.2 Distance Vector Dynamic Routing 4.3 RIP and RIPng Routing 4.4 Link-State Dynamic Routing 4.5 The Routing Table
More informationLab 5: Inter-VLANs Routing
Lab 5: Inter-VLANs Routing Network Topology:- Device Interface IP Address Subnet Mask Gateway/Clock Rate Fa 0/0.10 10.5.0.1 255.255.255.192 ----- R1 Fa 0/0.20 10.6.0.1 255.255.255.192 ----- Fa 0/0.30 10.10.0.1
More informationPerformance Evaluation of Link State Routing Protocol in an Enterprise Network
Performance Evaluation of Link State Routing Protocol in an Enterprise Network M. Nawaz Lakhmir, Ayaz Ahmed Qureshi, M. Ibrahim Channa, Fareed Ahmed Jokhio, and Shahzaman Nizamani. Abstract - A link-state
More informationSEMESTER 2 Chapter 3 Introduction to Dynamic Routing Protocols V 4.0
SEMESTER 2 Chapter 3 Introduction to Dynamic Routing Protocols V 4.0 3.1.1 What are the four routing RIP, RIPv2, EIGRP, OSPFv2 protocols that are the focus of this course? 3.1.1.2 What are routing protocols?
More informationINTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PURE AND APPLIED RESEARCH IN ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PURE AND APPLIED RESEARCH IN ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY A PATH FOR HORIZING YOUR INNOVATIVE WORK COMPARATIVE STUDY OF HYBRID NETWORK USING DIFFERENT ROUTING PROTOCOL MS. PRACHI
More information2008 NDP Lectures 7 th Semester
2008 NDP Lectures 7 th Semester Neeli R. Prasad, Associate Professor Head of Wireless Security and Sensor Networks Group Networking and Security Aalborg University Niels Jernes Vej 12, 9220 Aalborg East,
More informationet Su cc es s in Passing Yourertification Exam at first
www.dumpspdf.com in Passing Yourertification Exam at first et Su cc es s Vendor: Cisco Exam Code: 200-101 Exam Name: Interconnecting Cisco Networking Devices Part 2 QUESTION: 1 **Exhibit Missing** A technician
More informationComparative Study of Routing Protocols Convergence using OPNET Chapter Three: Simulation & Configuration
3.1 Optimized Network Engineering Tools:- Optimized Network Engineering Tools () Modeler is the industry s leading simulator specialized for network research and development. It allows users to design
More informationImplementing Hub and Spoke topologies in Virtual Private Network using Enhanced Interior Gateway Routing Protocol
Implementing Hub and Spoke topologies in Virtual Private Network using Enhanced Interior Gateway Routing Protocol Sree Vidya T R 1, Vasanthadev Suryakala S 2, Swarnalatha M 3 ECE Department, Valliammai
More informationTwo types of routing protocols are used in internetworks: interior gateway protocols (IGPs) and exterior gateway protocols (EGPs).
Introduction Dynamic routing is when protocols are used to find networks and update routing tables on routers. True, this is easier than using static or default routing, but it ll cost you in terms of
More informationTop-Down Network Design, Ch. 7: Selecting Switching and Routing Protocols. Top-Down Network Design. Selecting Switching and Routing Protocols
Top-Down Network Design Chapter Seven Selecting Switching and Routing Protocols Copyright 2010 Cisco Press & Priscilla Oppenheimer 1 Switching 2 Page 1 Objectives MAC address table Describe the features
More informationZone-Based Policy Firewall High Availability
The feature enables you to configure pairs of devices to act as backup for each other. High availability can be configured to determine the active device based on a number of failover conditions. When
More informationSection 6. Implementing EIGRP ICND2
ICND2 Section 6 Implementing EIGRP Enhanced Interior Gateway Routing Protocol (EIGRP) was introduced in Cisco IOS Release 9.21 as an enhancement to the limitations of IGRP. IGRP was developed by Cisco
More informationANALYSIS OF VARIOUS ROUTING ALGORITHM BASED ON SUCCESSIVE LINK FAILURES BY EMPLOYING DIFFERENT APPLICATIONS
ANALYSIS OF VARIOUS ROUTING ALGORITHM BASED ON SUCCESSIVE LINK FAILURES BY EMPLOYING DIFFERENT APPLICATIONS Shivali Narang Research Scholar, ECE, DAV Institute of Engineering & Technology, Punjab, India
More informationInterconnecting Cisco Networking Devices Part 2 (ICND2 v3.0)
Interconnecting Cisco Networking Devices Part 2 (ICND2 v3.0) Cisco 200-105 Dumps Available Here at: /cisco-exam/200-105-dumps.html Enrolling now you will get access to 170 questions in a unique set of
More informationBTEC Level 3 Extended Diploma
BTEC Level 3 Extended Diploma Unit 9 Computer Network Routing and Routing Protocols BTEC Level 3 Extended Diploma Introduction to Routing Routing is the process that a router uses to forward packets toward
More informationTop-Down Network Design
Top-Down Network Design Chapter Seven Selecting Switching and Routing Protocols Original slides by Cisco Press & Priscilla Oppenheimer Selection Criteria for Switching and Routing Protocols Network traffic
More informationLab 4: Routing using OSPF
Network Topology:- Lab 4: Routing using OSPF Device Interface IP Address Subnet Mask Gateway/Clock Description Rate Fa 0/0 172.16.1.17 255.255.255.240 ----- R1 LAN R1 Se 0/0/0 192.168.10.1 255.255.255.252
More informationLab Configuring and Testing the Rapid Spanning Tree Prototype
Lab 7.3.3 Configuring and Testing the Rapid Spanning Tree Prototype Device Designation Device Name IP Address Subnet Mask Default Gateway Fa0/0.1 10.0.0.1 255.255.255.0 R1 BR4 Fa0/0.10 10.10.10.254 255.255.255.0
More informationUniversity of Jordan Faculty of Engineering & Technology Computer Engineering Department Advance Networks Laboratory Exp.4 Inter-VLAN Routing
University of Jordan Faculty of Engineering & Technology Computer Engineering Department Advance Networks Laboratory 0907529 Exp.4 Inter-VLAN Routing Objectives 1. Describe the three primary options for
More informationSeite von 7 05.0.200 Close Window Assessment System Exam Viewer - CCNA Practice Certification Exam # - (Version 4.0) Below you will find the assessment items as presented on the exam as well as the scoring
More informationDynamic Routing Implementation Decision between OSPFv3 and IS IS in IPv6 Networks
Dynamic Routing Implementation Decision between OSPFv3 and IS IS in IPv6 Networks Gideon Evans Norvor KNUST, Kumasi, Ghana Michael Asante KNUST, Kumasi, Ghana Anokye Acheampong Amponsah KNUST, Kumasi,
More informationChapter 7: Routing Dynamically. Routing & Switching
Chapter 7: Routing Dynamically Routing & Switching The Evolution of Dynamic Routing Protocols Dynamic routing protocols used in networks since the late 1980s Newer versions support the communication based
More informationSimulation of Route Redistribution among RIP, EIGRP & OSPF Routing Protocols
Simulation of Route Redistribution among RIP, EIGRP & OSPF Routing Protocols Anchit Bansal Department of Electronics & Communication Engineering, SITE, SVSU, Meerut (U.P), India ABSTRACT The major role
More informationTable of Contents. Cisco Introduction to EIGRP
Table of Contents Introduction to EIGRP...1 Introduction...1 Before You Begin...1 Conventions...1 Prerequisites...1 Components Used...1 What is IGRP?...2 What is EIGRP?...2 How Does EIGRP Work?...2 EIGRP
More informationRouting, Routing Algorithms & Protocols
Routing, Routing Algorithms & Protocols Computer Networks Lecture 6 http://goo.gl/pze5o8 Circuit-Switched and Packet-Switched WANs 2 Circuit-Switched Networks Older (evolved from telephone networks), a
More informationPerformance Evaluation of EIGRP and OSPF Routing Protocols in Real Time Applications
Performance Evaluation of EIGRP and OSPF Routing Protocols in Real Time Applications Komal Gehlot 1, N.C. Barwar 2 1 J.N.V. University, M.B.M. Engineering College, Department of Computer Science & Engineering,
More informationRouting Overview for Firepower Threat Defense
Path Determination This chapter describes underlying concepts of how routing behaves within the Cisco Firepower Threat Defense, and the routing protocols that are supported. Routing is the act of moving
More informationCCNA( ) Dumps V2.0( ) CCNA
CCNA(200-125) Dumps V2.0(2018.1.3) CCNA 200-125 QUESTION 1 Which technology supports the stateless assignment of IPv6 addresses?(choose two.) A. DNS B. DHCPv6 C. DHCP D. autoconfiguration Correct Answer:
More informationLab 5-1 Hot Standby Router Protocol
Lab 5-1 Hot Standby Router Protocol Topology Diagram Objective Configure inter-vlan routing with HSRP to provide redundant, fault tolerant routing to the internal network. Scenario Step 1 HSRP provides
More informationOSPF single area configuration lab on packet tracer
OSPF single area configuration lab on packet tracer This OSPF lab is created in packet tracer and you will learn the OSPF single area configuration from this lab. Configuring the OSPF Routing Process This
More informationRealCiscoLAB.com. Configure inter-vlan routing with HSRP to provide redundant, fault-tolerant routing to the internal network.
RealCiscoLAB.com CCNPv6 SWITCH Hot Standby Router Protocol Topology Objective Background Configure inter-vlan routing with HSRP to provide redundant, fault-tolerant routing to the internal network. Hot
More informationCradlepoint VRRP configuration
Cradlepoint VRRP configuration Products Supported: AER2100. IBR11x0, IBR6x0 and MBR1400v2. Click here to identify your router. Firmware Version: 5.0.0 or newer. This article was written utilizing version
More informationBEHAVIOUR OF OSPFV3 AND RIPng ON THE BASIS OF DIFFERENT PERFORMANCE METRICS
BEHAVIOUR OF OSPFV3 AND RIPng ON THE BASIS OF DIFFERENT PERFORMANCE METRICS AMARJEET KAUR, PRABHDEEP SINGH M-TECH STUDENT,CSE DEPARTMENT,GIMET,PUNJAB,INDIA ASSISTANT PROFESSOR,CSE DEPARTMENT,GIMET,PUNJAB,INDIA
More informationCISCO EXAM QUESTIONS & ANSWERS
CISCO 200-101 EXAM QUESTIONS & ANSWERS Number: 200-101 Passing Score: 800 Time Limit: 120 min File Version: 32.2 http://www.gratisexam.com/ CISCO 200-101 EXAM QUESTIONS & ANSWERS Exam Name: Interconnecting
More informationEIGRP. Routing Protocols and Concepts Chapter 9. Video Frank Schneemann, MS EdTech
Video Frank Schneemann, MS EdTech EIGRP Routing Protocols and Concepts Chapter 9 ITE PC v4.0 Chapter 1 2007 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco Public 1 9.0.1 Introduction Enhanced Interior
More informationUnit 6 Routing and Layers 3 and 4 Protocols. Chapter 6: Layers 3 and 4 Protocols
Unit 6 Routing and Layers 3 and 4 Protocols Chapter 6 from each textbook Chapter 6: Layers 3 and 4 Protocols 2008 ITT Educational Services Inc. IT-320 Wan Technologies : Unit 6: Slide 1 Objectives 6: Describe
More informationPart II. Chapter 3. Determining IP Routes
Part II Chapter 3 Routers perform two main functions: switching and routing. The switching function is the process of moving packets from an inbound interface to an outbound interface. The switching function
More informationQus1:-What is cat stands for in networking?
Qus1:-What is cat stands for in networking? Ans :- Cat stands for "CATEGORY". Which started from Cat1 (Category1) and now extend up to Cat7 (Category 7). Improved version/category of cable improve the
More informationQuestion No : 1 Which three of these statements regarding 802.1Q trunking are correct? (Choose three.)
Volume: 149 Questions Question No : 1 Which three of these statements regarding 802.1Q trunking are correct? (Choose three.) A. 802.1Q native VLAN frames are untagged by default. B. 802.1Q trunking ports
More informationRoute between VLANs using a 3560 switch with an internal route processor using Cisco Express Forwarding (CEF).
Lab 3- Part I Inter-VLAN routing with a Multilayer Switch Configuration and Management of Networks - 2014 Topology Objective Route between VLANs using a 3560 switch with an internal route processor using
More informationIntroduction to Dynamic Routing Protocols
Introduction to Dynamic Routing Protocols 1 Objectives Describe the role of dynamic routing protocols and place these protocols in the context of modern network design. Identify several ways to classify
More informationModule 8. Routing. Version 2 ECE, IIT Kharagpur
Module 8 Routing Lesson 27 Routing II Objective To explain the concept of same popular routing protocols. 8.2.1 Routing Information Protocol (RIP) This protocol is used inside our autonomous system and
More informationGoCertify Advanced Cisco CCIE Lab Scenario # 1
GoCertify Advanced Cisco CCIE Lab Scenario # 1 (http://www.gocertify.com) IPexpert, Inc. is a leading provider in on-line Cisco CCNA, CCNP and CCIE training material. For more information please visit
More informationCase Study. Routing & Switching. Cisco Networking Academy Routing and Switching: Scaling Network Case Study
Case Study Routing & Switching Cisco Networking Academy Routing and Switching: Scaling Network Case Study Overview and Objectives This case study allows students to build and configure a complex network
More informationCertkiller questions. Cisco Interconnecting Cisco Networking Devices Part 2
Certkiller.200-101.149 questions Number: 200-101 Passing Score: 800 Time Limit: 120 min File Version: 5.2 http://www.gratisexam.com/ Cisco 200-101 Interconnecting Cisco Networking Devices Part 2 Nicely
More informationInternational Journal of Research in Advent Technology Available Online at:
COMPARATIVE PERFORMANCE ANALYSIS OF LINK RECOVERY BETWEEN EIGRP AND OSPF PROTOCOLS BASED ON SIMULATION Vimla Dangi 1 Dr.Tarun Shrimali 2 1 2 Department of Computer Science & Engineering, CTAE, MPUAT Udaipur
More informationThe following questions are designed to test your understanding of this chapter s
Review Questions The following questions are designed to test your understanding of this chapter s material. For more information on how to get additional questions, please see www.lammle.com/ccn a. You
More informationChapter 6 Reading Organizer
Name Date Chapter 6 Reading Organizer After completion of this chapter, you should be able to: Describe and plan a network using OSPF Design and configure a network using single-area OSPF Work with multi-protocol
More informationIntroduction to Local and Wide Area Networks
Introduction to Local and Wide Area Networks Lecturers Amnach Khawne Jirasak Sittigorn Chapter 1 1 Routing Protocols and Concepts Chapter 4 : Distance Vector Routing Protocols Chapter 5 : RIP version 1
More informationLab 9.6.2: Challenge EIGRP Configuration Lab
Topology Diagram Addressing Table Device Interface IP Address Subnet Mask Default Gateway HQ BRANCH1 BRANCH2 PC1 PC2 PC3 Fa0/0 S0/0/0 S0/0/1 Lo1 Fa0/0 S0/0/0 S0/0/1 Fa0/0 S0/0/0 S0/0/1 NIC NIC NIC All
More informationCCNA IP ROUTING. Revision no.: PPT/2K605/03
CCNA 640-801 IP ROUTING Revision no.: PPT/2K605/03 Routing Basics The term routing is used for taking a packet from one device and sending it through the network to another device on a different network.
More informationFinal exam study Guide
Final exam study Guide K-1A * In relationship to the OSI layer model and encapsulation/decapsulation process, what happen to a packet that travels through multiple hops of routers? - What happen to the
More information9.1. Routing Protocols
9.1. Routing Protocols Each organization that has been assigned a network address from an ISP is considered an autonomous system (AS). That organization is free to create one large network, or divide the
More informationExamsheets Questions and Answers
640-802 Examsheets Questions and Answers Number: 640-802 Passing Score: 800 Time Limit: 120 min File Version: 17.6 http://www.gratisexam.com/ 640-802 Questions and Answers Exam Name: Cisco Cisco Certified
More informationInternal and External Components p. 213 Modularity p. 217 Cabling p. 219 Summary p. 222 Basic Switch Terminology p. 223 Cisco Switching Fundamentals
Acknowledgments p. xxv Introduction p. xxvii Networking Basics The OSI Model p. 3 What Is a Packet? p. 4 OSI Model Basics p. 6 Other Network Models p. 16 Summary p. 20 Ethernet and Wireless LANs p. 21
More informationA study of WAN design, routing protocols and connectivity between Head office to Branch office
A study of WAN design, routing protocols and connectivity between Head office to Branch office Dr. Anil Kumar Singh ABSTRACT Jagran Institute of Management, 620-W Block Saket Nagar, Kanpur 3.LAB SETUP
More informationLab 6.4.1: Basic Inter-VLAN Routing
Topology Diagram Addressing Table Device (Hostname) Interface IP Address Subnet Mask Default Gateway S1 VLAN 99 172.17.99.11 255.255.255.0 172.17.99.1 S2 VLAN 99 172.17.99.12 255.255.255.0 172.17.99.1
More informationSimulation of Communication Network Using Cisco Packet Tracer
ISSN: 2454-2377, Simulation of Communication Network Using Cisco Packet Tracer Srishty Chauhan 1*, Tanmay Madan 2, Vishruta Makhija 3, Pankaj Rakheja 4**, Charu Rana 5 1, 2, 3 Students, B. Tech., Department
More informationAnalytical Execution of Dynamic Routing Protocols For Video Conferencing Applications Based on OPNET Modeler
The International Journal Of Engineering And Science (IJES) Volume 6 Issue 3 Pages PP 49-56 2017 ISSN (e): 2319 1813 ISSN (p): 2319 1805 Analytical Execution of Dynamic Routing Protocols For Video Conferencing
More information(ii) Simei(config)#line console 0 Simei(config-line)#password Networking Simei(config-line)#exit
Sep 2008 Section A 1. Any of the following 2: a. Frame relay b. ISDN c. PPP d. HDLC 2. (i) RAM copy running-config startup-config 3. hardware platform, feature set, file format, version 4. (i) Cisco Discovery
More informationTestsDumps. Latest Test Dumps for IT Exam Certification
TestsDumps http://www.testsdumps.com Latest Test Dumps for IT Exam Certification Exam : 200-105 Title : Interconnecting Cisco Networking Devices Part 2 (ICND2 v3.0) Vendor : Cisco Version : DEMO Get Latest
More informationOptimizing Wireless Network Using Combination of Auto Summarization and EIGRP Protocol
Optimizing Wireless Network Using Combination of Auto Summarization and EIGRP Protocol Ravjot Singh Syal, Kamaljit Kaur M.Tech Student, Dept. of CSE, Sri Guru Granth Sahib World University, Punjab, India
More informationSymbols. Numerics I N D E X
I N D E X Symbols? (question mark), CLI help system, 126 Numerics A 2-router BGP topology, configuring, 279 284 4-router BGP topology, configuring, 266, 276 279 ABRs (area border routers), 9, 87, 95, 141
More informationInternetworking. different kinds of network technologies that can be interconnected by routers and other networking devices to create an internetwork
UNIT - II Internetworking An internetwork is a collection of individual networks, connected by intermediate networking devices, that functions as a single large network. different kinds of network technologies
More informationCCNA Exploration Network Fundamentals
CCNA Exploration 4.0 1. Network Fundamentals The goal of this course is to introduce you to fundamental networking concepts and technologies. These online course materials will assist you in developing
More informationMultiprotocol Label Switching (MPLS) Traffic Engineering
Multiprotocol Label Switching (MPLS) Traffic Engineering Feature Overview Multiprotocol Label Switching (MPLS) traffic engineering software enables an MPLS backbone to replicate and expand upon the traffic
More informationCCNA Questions/Answers Routing Protocols
Refer to the exhibit and configuration shown above. Routers R1 and R2 are properly configured with eigrp 976 protocol and are able to ping interfaces fa0/1 and fa0/2, respectively. Which commands are necessary
More informationDOiT-200v6 VOLUME II. DOiT-200v6 Lab 3 Multi-Topic CCIE-Level Scenario. For CCIE Candidates
Revision 7.0 (10/20/2005) DOiT-200v6-SCENARIO 3 Page 1 NETMASTERCLASS ROUTING AND SWITCHING CCIE TRACK DOiT-200v6 VOLUME II DOiT-200v6 Lab 3 Multi-Topic CCIE-Level Scenario For CCIE Candidates Revision
More informationDistance Vector Routing Protocols
Distance Vector Routing Protocols Routing Protocols and Concepts Chapter 4 Version 4.0 1 Objectives Identify the characteristics of distance vector routing protocols. Describe the network discovery process
More informationKeywords: EIGRP, Metric, K Values, IPv4, IPv6, Routing Protocols
Volume 6, Issue 7, July 2016 ISSN: 2277 128X International Journal of Advanced Research in Computer Science and Software Engineering Research Paper Available online at: www.ijarcsse.com Operation and Comparative
More informationCOMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF ROUTING PROTOCOLS
COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF ROUTING PROTOCOLS S.Kokila, Assistant Professor, Department of Computer Science, A.V.P College of Arts and Science, Tiruppur, Tamilnadu, India. G.Pramela, Assistant Professor, Department
More information9 Routing Introduction
9 Routing Introduction CERTIFICATION OBJECTIVES 9.01 Types of Routes 9.02 Static Routes 9.03 Router on a Stick 9.04 Dynamic Routing Protocols 9.05 Problems with Distance Vector Protocols Two-Minute Drill
More informationTDC 363 Introduction to LANs
TDC 363 Introduction to LANs Routing Protocols and RIP Greg Brewster DePaul University TDC 363 1 Dynamic Routing Routing Protocols Distance Vector vs. Link State Protocols RIPv1 & RIPv2 RIP Problems Slow
More informationPREPARED BY KHATTAK FROM NETWORKTUT
PREPARED BY KHATTAK FROM NETWORKTUT www.networktut.com There are total 15 TTs. You will have 13 TTs in Exam. ASW1 = 3 TTs DWS1 = 3 TTs R4 R2 R1 = 4 TTs = 1 TT = 4 TTs ASW1 Port Security Access Vlan Switch
More informationEIGRP 04/01/2008. Routing Protocols and Concepts Chapter 9 Modified by Tony Chen
EIGRP Routing Protocols and Concepts Chapter 9 Modified by Tony Chen 04/01/2008 1 Introduction 2 EIGRP Roots of EIGRP: IGRP -Developed in 1985 to overcome RIPv1 s limited hop count -Distance vector routing
More informationLab : Challenge OSPF Configuration Lab. Topology Diagram. Addressing Table. Default Gateway. Device Interface IP Address Subnet Mask
Topology Diagram Addressing Table Device Interface IP Address Subnet Mask Default Gateway Fa0/0 HQ S0/0/0 S0/0/1 Lo1 10.10.10.1 255.255.255.252 Fa0/0 Branch1 S0/0/0 S0/0/1 Fa0/0 Branch2 S0/0/0 S0/0/1 PC1
More informationEIGRP Features and Operation
EIGRP Features and Operation Enhanced IGRP (EIGRP) is a classless, enhanced distance-vector protocol. EIGRP is a Cisco proprietary protocol. EIGRP includes the subnet mask in its route updates. And as
More informationInterconnecting Cisco Network Devices: Accelerated
Interconnecting Cisco Network Devices: Accelerated Course Code: Duration: 5 Days Product Page: https://digitalrevolver.com/product/interconnecting-cisco-network-devices-accelerated/ Building a Simple Network
More informationInterconnecting Cisco Networking Devices Part 1 (ICND1) Course Overview
Interconnecting Cisco Networking Devices Part 1 (ICND1) Course Overview This course will teach students about building a simple network, establishing internet connectivity, managing network device security,
More informationTop-Down Network Design
Top-Down Network Design Chapter Five Designing a Network Topology Original slides copyright by Cisco Press & Priscilla Oppenheimer Network Topology Design Issues Hierarchy Redundancy Modularity Well-defined
More informationITE PC v4.0. Chapter Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco Public
EIGRP Routing Protocols and Concepts Chapter 9 1 Objectives Describe the background and history of Enhanced Interior Gateway Routing Protocol (EIGRP). Examine the basic EIGRP configuration commands and
More informationCisco CCNA (ICND1, ICND2) Bootcamp
Cisco CCNA (ICND1, ICND2) Bootcamp Course Duration: 5 Days Course Overview This five-day course covers the essential topics of ICND1 and ICND2 in an intensive Bootcamp format. It teaches students the skills
More informationRouting Protocols and
Introduction to Dynamic Routing Protocol Routing Protocols and Concepts Chapter 3 1 Objectives Describe the role of dynamic routing protocols and place these protocols in the context of modern network
More informationChapter 3. Introduction to Dynamic Routing Protocols. CCNA2-1 Chapter 3
Chapter 3 Introduction to Dynamic Routing Protocols CCNA2-1 Chapter 3 Introduction to Dynamic Routing Protocols Introduction to Dynamic Routing Protocols CCNA2-2 Chapter 3 Perspective and Background Dynamic
More informationRouting Protocol comparison
Routing Protocol comparison Introduction to routing Networks allow people to communicate, collaborate, and interact in many ways. Networks are used to access web pages, talk using IP telephones, participate
More informationWhy dynamic route? (1)
Routing Why dynamic route? (1) Static route is ok only when Network is small There is a single connection point to other network No redundant route 2 Why dynamic route? (2) Dynamic Routing Routers update
More informationPerformance Evaluation and Comparison of Dynamic Routing Protocols for Suitability and Reliability 1
, pp.4-52 http://dx.doi.org/0.4257/ijgdc.208..7.05 Performance Evaluation and Comparison of Dynamic Routing Protocols for Suitability and Reliability Salah A. Alabady *, Sara Hazim 2 and Abdullah Amer
More informationVendor: Cisco. Exam Code: Exam Name: Cisco Interconnecting Cisco Networking Devices Part 1 (ICND1 v3.0) Version: Demo
Vendor: Cisco Exam Code: 100-105 Exam Name: Cisco Interconnecting Cisco Networking Devices Part 1 (ICND1 v3.0) Version: Demo DEMO QUESTION 1 If the resume command is entered after the sequence that is
More informationCCNA. Course Catalog
CCNA Course Catalog 2012-2013 This course is intended for the following audience: Network Administrator Network Engineer Systems Engineer CCNA Exam Candidates Cisco Certified Network Associate (CCNA 640-802)
More informationInternational Journal of Scientific & Engineering Research Volume 9, Issue 9, September ISSN
International Journal of Scientific & Engineering Research Volume 9, Issue 9, September-2018 10 The Importance of VLANs and Trunk Links in Network Communication Areas Dlnya Abdulahad Aziz Computer Technical
More information