Building the Web of Things: frameworks and tools for fast prototyping Web-based physical mashups

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1 Building the Web of Things: frameworks and tools for fast prototyping Web-based physical mashups Vlad Trifa & Dominique Guinard - ETH Zurich

2 Context Embedded computers, sensors, actuators are omnipresent Increasingly powerful CPU and bandwidth Tremendous benefits in ad-hoc connectivity Challenges: incompatible protocols, functionalities, interfaces, etc. 2

3 Context How to combine heterogeneous, Embedded computers, sensors, actuators are omnipresent Increasingly powerful CPU and bandwidth Tremendous benefits in ad-hoc connectivity mobile devices to create interactive, ad-hoc applications? Challenges: incompatible protocols, functionalities, interfaces, etc. 2

4 We need an universal protocol that is: simple, lightweight, looselycoupled, scalable, flexible and hopefully... standard

5 Sounds like the Web... Use Web standards to develop applications for networked devices - Web of Things (HTTP, HTML, XML, JSON, RSS, ATOM, MIME,...) TCP/IP & Web granted, Wi-Fi routers ubiquitous Prototyping of simple Web apps: cheaper & faster Integrate real-world data on the Web Get features of the Web for free 4

6 Web-enabled Devices Devices run Web server services RESTful resources URI for each component hierarchy Uniform Interface HTTP verbs & codes Representations HTML: humans JSON/XML/CSV: machines Stateless (hateoas) GET fire/alerts.xml PUT tv/channel/4 GET fridge/food.html 5

7 Gateways Google HTTP ZigBee X10 Web HTTP Gateway Bluetooth DPWS HTTP IEEE802.9 Flickr 6

8 Smart Gateway proxy application device services messaging services user services application services control layer../devices/1 DRV 1 DRV 2 device drivers devices DB DT1 DT2 device threads pool REST engine HTTP server templating engine../devices/2 device layer presentation layer 7

9 Embedded Synchronization Response time [ms] Request number 8

10 distributed scalable infrastructures

11 InfraWoT - location-aware infrastructure for WoT virtual gateways (can run anywhere) /ethz../cnb/floord../cnb../cnb/floore physical gateways (must be embodied)../floord/southwing../southwing/d48.2../southwing/d

12 errr, what about eventing & streaming? the web wasn t quite made for this...

13 Web Streams Sensor data represented as sequence of messages Publish/subscribe paradigm Web push via Real-time Web Web Hooks, WebSockets, Comet, XMPP, ATOM, etc. Parameterized devices sensors filter data sampling frequency Messaging: bi-directional glue between components 12

14 end-to-end applications framework for sensor data collection, processing, sharing, and storage

15 WISSPR - Web Infrastructure for Sensor Stream PRocessing Sensors 1. Device Connector 2. Messaging Connector 3. Query Connector 4. Storage Connector 2. raw data QC various data acquisition protocols DC 1. raw MC 2'. processed 3. raw 4. processed 5. raw & processed Client Client SC 14

16 Complete Request POST streams/ HTTP/1.1 Host: wisspr.net/ Content-Type: application/x-www-form-urlencoded Content: devices= & data=temperature,light & frequency=2hz & filter=light < 200 && temperature > 19 & wms.cbk= 15

17 ClickScript - Physical mashup editor Try it!! webofthings.com/clickscript 16

18 Conclusions Huge opportunities ahead for WoT The Web of Things is hard because People are good Web developers XOR Good embedded systems developers Tradeoff between performance and features Tools & best practices for Web-enabled things are needed Deployment support, runtime debugging, patterns & toolkits, etc. Prototyping large-scale applications Stop talking, start hacking 17

19 Thanks for your attention! T M - trifa@mit.edu W - webofthings.com

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