Bringing Multi-Threading to the I/O Level
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1 Bringing Multi-Threading to the I/O Level Rodrigo Medeiros Solutions Architect, Copyright 2018 DataCore Software Corp. All Rights Reserved.
2 Objectives Discuss I/O parallelism and how it affects database performance Discuss compute parallelism vs I/O parallelism Demo: software solution to improve I/O Copyright 2018 DataCore Software Corp. All Rights Reserved. 2
3 So Much Data, So little Time Large data sets even in small dataset Global business, activity in multiple time zones = 24/7 activity Smaller windows for Batch Processing Fresh, accurate, and readily available, regardless of volume. I never guess. It is a capital mistake to theorize before one has data. Sir Arthur Conan Doyle: author of Sherlock Holmes Copyright 2018 DataCore Software Corp. All Rights Reserved. 3
4 Copyright 2018 DataCore Software Corp. All Rights Reserved. 4
5 Transaction Processing A two-second response is too much Online experience and the expectation of near-instant responses Larger volumes of data Sub-second search and update requirements Data-intensive UX pushing the volume of reads higher You can have it all. Just not all at once. Oprah Winfrey Copyright 2018 DataCore Software Corp. All Rights Reserved. 5
6 Throwing hardware at the problem Processing power / cores Memory Storage Network More nodes Downside Have to ask (plead) Hard to guess which one to start with? Get it wrong and it gets harder to ask again Copyright 2018 DataCore Software Corp. All Rights Reserved. 6
7 Fixing the Code Collect Data Identify bottlenecks Change code, indexes, settings Test and deploy Copyright 2018 DataCore Software Corp. All Rights Reserved. 7
8 The unusual suspect Layers of I/O developed for a single CPU Assumption: it will be slow, so don t wait for it Global queues Some serialization Legacy code in the I/O stack Copyright 2018 DataCore Software Corp. All Rights Reserved. 8
9 About DataCore Parallel processing background Pioneers in Software Defined Storage (SDS) Patent holders of Thin Provisioning World record for Storage Performance Council SPC , 5M IOPS, 1/5 th of the cost of 2 nd place MaxParallel is part of a successful SDS stack Production installs for over 2 decades Copyright 2018 DataCore Software Corp. All Rights Reserved. 9
10 No parallelism in I/O and Database Performance 4 concurrent tasks on 8-core server Copyright 2018 DataCore Software Corp. All Rights Reserved. 10
11 Amdahl's Law Copyright 2018 DataCore Software Corp. All Rights Reserved. 11
12 Adding complexity to the picture Increased I/O complexity in virtualized environments Latency variability at the storage layer Copyright 2018 DataCore Software Corp. All Rights Reserved. 12
13 Asynchronous I/O and context switching Copyright 2018 DataCore Software Corp. All Rights Reserved. 13
14 Asynchronous I/O with very fast drives Copyright 2018 DataCore Software Corp. All Rights Reserved. 14
15 Synchronous I/O Copyright 2018 DataCore Software Corp. All Rights Reserved. 15
16 Potential Solutions Minimize suspension and context switching caused by I/O delays Smarter I/O cache Smarter read-ahead Speed matching buffer (for bursts of writes) Implement multiple I/O queues, multi-threaded I/O processing Smarter I/O scheduling Helper threads Copyright 2018 DataCore Software Corp. All Rights Reserved. 16
17 Faster data access + better CPU utilization Delays & waste caused by serial scheduling Parallel I/O with DataCore Copyright 2018 DataCore Software Corp. All Rights Reserved. 17
18 Demo: MaxParallel on Windows Copyright 2018 DataCore Software Corp. All Rights Reserved. 18
19 Where it resides Windows: filter driver (kernel) Linux: block device Copyright 2018 DataCore Software Corp. All Rights Reserved. 19
20 Summary Serialization in I/O can hinder performance and may not be immediately visible Additional Tool software can be an additional tool in performance optimization Good fit in some environments higher core count, heavy and diverse workloads, slow drives Not relevant in some environments over-provisioned hardware, modest workloads, fast drives Copyright 2018 DataCore Software Corp. All Rights Reserved. 20
21 Copyright 2018 DataCore Software Corp. All Rights Reserved.
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