Extrait du rapport ETSI TR
|
|
- Lenard McBride
- 5 years ago
- Views:
Transcription
1 AHQ Extrait du rapport SI TR Date : 1/05/2013 Cet extrait du rapport technique SI Partie 1 commence par décrire les fonctions essentielles des différents éléments de service avant de dresser un tableau indiquant la sensibilité de chacun de ces éléments aux critères de QoS retenus par Qostic : Latence, Gigue, Intégrité, Capacité et Disponibilité. Pour chacun des services le tableau indique également les classes de service correspondantes selon les différentes normes actuellement en usage ITU-T Y.1541, UMTS, ITU-T G1010, PHB et INTRADIFF.
2 SI TR V1.1.1 ( ) Technical Report User Group; End-to-end QoS management at the Network Interfaces; Part 1: User's E2E QoS - Analysis of the NGN interfaces (user case)
3 27 SI TR V1.1.1 ( ) Annex A: Mapping of services and QoS requirements Table A.1 provides a list of the main services with the description of their essential functions and their use conditions in order to be able to define the key criteria to ensure a proper management of the end-to-end QoS. The services listed are drawn from ITU-T Recommendation G.1010 [i.1] with some changes to take into account the current market situation. Some of these services contain several components. In fact, since many services are built on a composition of several components that could be provided by differing providers, tables A.1 and A.2 should highlight the specific requirements of each component. Some attempts have been done in table A.2 to bring in such components (e.g. signalling, authentication or DNS) but further study is needed to embrace all the service components. In today's technology the QoS is most of the time managed as a whole and therefore should be handle according to the most straining component of the service. As technology evolves, this should be revisited accordingly. Table A.1: Service functional definitions Services or service components Audiobroadcast Audio-conference Authentication Directory enquiry services DNS e-commerce Electronic mail Fax Files downloading Instant messaging games Internet access Multimedia Message Service (MMS) Basic functions A mechanism whereby audio content can be rendered at the same time that it is being transmitted to the client over the data network. Connection between two or more terminals, exchanging audio information only. (See note 1). Benefit consisting in proving that a user is authorised (by means of an identifier and password or other more robust process) to use a service. This applies to a network service or to an application (web, , etc.) Operator or machine based service intended to provide information on phone number, addresses or addresses of people or organizations on user request. (See note 2). Allowing a user to ask a server to convert a domain name into address IP. This service is pre-requisite to most Internet usages. It is generally provided with the access to Internet. The commercial activities carried out through computer networks such as the Internet, including online promotion and sale of products, services and information, as well as the exchange of electronic correspondence. (See note 3). Exchange of text files with possible attached files between two PCs via networks and through distant servers where the message can be stored until the recipient downloads it. The minimal protocols aiming at issuing the service are POP3 and SMTP. A file containing multimedia data (text, picture or digitized sound) can be linked with electronic mail. Reception and sending may have different requirements: 1) (reception): transfer of the distant server to the local machine. 2) (sending): transfer of the local machine to the distant server. Telecommunications service of transport of facsimile via the PTN such that any user can use equipment connected to a network termination point to exchange facsimiles with another user of equipment connected to another termination point. Service allowing to search and to transfer files from the user computer to a distant server in ftp or http mode or conversely. Internet oriented system, notifying the presence of a user for instantaneous exchange of messages. Differs from primarily in that its primary focus is substantially immediate end-user delivery. Internet-based electronic games involving several individuals interacting with each other or with a machine in ongoing, open-ended play. Making facilities and/or services available for the purpose of providing an access to the public Internet in order to provide a user with access to services or resources of the Internet. (See notes 4, 5, 6 and 7). Transfer of multimedia messages between users without the requirement for the multimedia messages to be transferred in real-time. SI
4 28 SI TR V1.1.1 ( ) Services or service components Newsgroup (Usenet) Short Message Service (SMS) Telecontrol Basic functions A newsgroup is a repository within the Usenet system for messages posted from many users at different locations. Real-time dispatch of messages between local machines and server on which all the messages are available for consultation by the general public or by a restrained group of users. Gives the ability to send character messages to phones. SMS messages can be Mobile Originate (MO) or Mobile Terminate (MT). Real-time interaction between local and remote machines to control and monitor equipment and Inputs/Outputs signals from various facilities in remote locations. Telephone-conference: Three or more terminals exchanging audio information. (See note 8). Telephony Service Provides users with the ability for real time two way speech conversation via the network. (See note 9). Telnet The Internet standard protocol for remote login. Runs on top of TCP/IP. Defined in STD 8, RFC 854 [i.16] and extended with options by many other RFCs. Video broadcast A mechanism whereby video content can be rendered at the same time that it is being transmitted to the client over the data network. (See note 10). Video TeleConferencing service (VTC) Service providing an interactive, bi-directional, real time audio-visual communication, normally intended for multiple users at either end. (See notes 11, 12 and 13). Voice messaging Any system for sending, storing and retrieving audio messages, like a telephone answering machine. A voice mailbox is typically associated with a telephone number or extension. This service is a multicomponents service generally including: a) recording, storage and transmission of a welcome message by the voic owner; b) recording and storage of a message by a caller on no reply or busy line under the guidance of a voice server; c) information of the voic owner that a message is available; d) listening of a recorded message by the voic owner. NOTE 1: This service includes necessarily a signalling component with its specific QoS requirements. NOTE 2: This service includes necessarily a signalling component having specific QoS requirements. NOTE 3: Includes On line shopping. NOTE 4: The Internet access can be separated into two parts, the physical and the logical access. The physical access provides a connection form the user's premises to, but not including, the POP (normally a dialup circuit or broadband link or leased line) whereas the logical access consist of the setting up of an account that later on enables the user by a login process with the ability to access to the services and resources of the Internet (normally by assigning an IP address). NOTE 5: The physical and logical access may be provided by different service providers. NOTE 6: The function of the physical access may be provided by several interconnected networks. NOTE 7: Internet access is an example of multicomponents services: it cannot work without authentication and domain name services but it usually also includes other components such as Web browsing (consultation, data transfer), web page hosting, etc. Specific QoS requirements are needed for such components. NOTE 8: This service includes necessarily a signalling component and sometimes additional facilities with their specific QoS requirements. NOTE 9: This service includes necessarily a signalling component with its specific QoS requirements. NOTE 10: This service usually includes an audio component with its specific QoS requirements. NOTE 11: The terminals are normally exchanging audio/video/graphic information. NOTE 12: This service includes necessarily signalling and audio components with their specific QoS requirements. NOTE 13: Two options are possible: a) Audio and Video using the same channel. b) Audio and Video using differing channels. Details on the requirements for each of these services can be found in ITU-T Recommendation G.1010 [i.1]. Additional information on IP-TV should be soon available from SI and ITU-T. Table A.2 gives example of QoS requirements for the above services. As stated earlier, some services contain several components, each of them having often differing QoS requirements. This should results in detailing the QoS requirements for each component but this would need technologies not available at the moment. This is why the table provides for each service the QoS requirements of the most constraining component. These requirements may also vary depending on how a particular provider intends to deliver such a service. SI
5 29 SI TR V1.1.1 ( ) Table A.2 : Mapping of the various standard QoS classes for some services Service Medium Sensitivity to QoS parameters QoS class CoS QoS class PHB QoS criteria components Fidelity Y.1541 UMTS G1010 depending (Information Capacity Availability classes variation loss) (INTRADIFF) games < 200 ms U Zero DBW UAT Class 2 AF1.1 CoS 6.4 Telecontrol < 250 ms U Zero DBW UAI Class 2 AF1.1 CoS 6.4 Telnet < 200 ms U Zero DBW UAI Class 2 AF2 CoS 6.4 Video TeleConferencing service (VTC) Audio-conference Telephone service Voice messaging record and playback Electronic mail SMTP/POP server access Web Browsing MMS (Multimedia Message Service) Instant messaging (chat) High priority transaction services e.g. e-commerce, ATM Video Audio Audio Audio <150 ms U 400 ms with echo control U < 150 ms < 1 ms 400 ms with echo control < 1 ms < 150 ms < 1 ms 400 ms with echo control < 2 s for record < 1 s for playback < 2 s (< 4 s acceptable) <2 s/page (< 4 s/page acceptable) < 2 s (< 4 s acceptable) < 2 s (< 4 s acceptable) < 2 s (< 4 s acceptable) < 1 ms < 1 ms PLR < 1 % PLR < 1 % PLR < 3 % PLR < 3 % PLR < 3 % PLR < 3 % PLR < 3 % DBW UAT Class 0 DBW 16 kbit/s to 384 kbit/s DBW 4 kbit/s to 64kbit/s DBW 4 kbit/s to 64 kbit/s UAT Class 1 UAT Class 0 Convers. UAT Class 1 Convers. DBW UAT Class 0 Convers. DBW UAT Class 1 Convers. DBW 4 kbit/s to 32 kbit/s UAT Class 1 U Zero VBW UAT Class 4 U Zero VBW UAT Class 3 U Zero VBW UAT Class 3 U Zero VBW UAI Class 3 U Zero VBW UAI Class 4 Responsive Responsive Responsive Responsive Responsive Responsive AF1.2 CoS 6.2 AF2 CoS 6.3 EF CoS 6.0 EF CoS 6.1 EF CoS 6.0 EF CoS 6.1 AF3.2 CoS 5.2 AF3.2 CoS 5.0 AF3.1 CoS 5.2 AF3.1 CoS 5.2 AF3.1 CoS 5.2 AF3.1 CoS 5.1 AF3.1 CoS 5.1 SI
6 30 SI TR V1.1.1 ( ) Service Medium Sensitivity to QoS parameters QoS class CoS QoS class PHB QoS criteria components Fidelity Y.1541 UMTS G1010 depending (Information Capacity Availability classes variation loss) (INTRADIFF) Authentication < 250 ms U Zero VBW UAI Class 2 AF4 CoS 4.1 DNS < 250 ms U Zero VBW UAI Class 2 AF4 CoS 4.1 Signalling < 250 ms U Zero DBW UAI Class 3 AF4 CoS 4 SMS (Short Message Service) Files downloading (FTP) < 30 s U Zero VBW UAT Class U Background < 15 s (< 60 s acceptable) Audiobroadcast Audio < 10 s < 1 ms Video broadcast Video < 10 s < 1 ms Electronic mail SMTP to POP server transfer Newsgroup (Usenet) Can be several minutes Can be several minutes U Zero VBW UAT Class U Background PLR < 1 % PLR < 1 % VBW 16 kbit/s to 128 kbit/s VBW 16 kbit/s to 384 kbit/s UAT Class 5 Streaming UAT Class U Streaming U Zero VBW UAT Class 5 Background U Zero VBW UAT Class 5 Background DNC Timely Timely Timely DNC DNC AF3.2 CoS 3.1 AF3.1 CoS 3.0 AF CoS 2.1 AF CoS 2.0 BE CoS 1.1 BE CoS 1.1 SI
7 31 SI TR V1.1.1 ( ) Service Medium Sensitivity to QoS parameters QoS class CoS QoS class PHB QoS criteria components Fidelity Y.1541 UMTS G1010 depending (Information Capacity Availability classes variation loss) (INTRADIFF) Non-critical Fax ("real-time") U <10-6 BER VBW UAT Class 5 Background BE CoS 1.0 < 30 s/page DNC Non-critical: Can be Fax (store & forward) several minutes NOTE 1: BER: Bit Error Rate DNC: Non Critical DBW: Dedicated Bandwidth : Error Tolerant : Error Intolerant PHB: Per Hop Behaviour PLR: Packet Loss Rate U: Unspecified UAI: UnAvailability Intolerant UAT: UnAvailability Tolerant VBW: Variable Bandwidth NOTE 2: Per Hop Behaviour parameters: AF: Assured Forwarding BE: Best Effort EF: Expedited Forwarding U <10-6 BER VBW UAT Class 5 Background DNC BE CoS 1.0 SI
8 32 SI TR V1.1.1 ( ) A.1 ITU-T Recommendation Y.1541 QoS class The characteristics of each Y.1541 QoS class are summarized here: Class 0: Real-time, highly interactive applications, sensitive to jitter. Mean delay upper bound is 100 ms, delay variation is less than 50 ms, and loss ratio is less than Application examples include VoIP, Video Teleconference. Class 1: Real-time, interactive applications, sensitive to jitter. Mean delay upper bound is 400 ms, delay variation is less than 50 ms, and loss ratio is less than Application examples include VoIP, Video Teleconference. Class 2: Highly interactive transaction data. Mean delay upper bound is 100 ms, delay variation is unspecified, and loss ratio is less than Application examples include signalling. Class 3: transaction data. Mean delay upper bound is 400 ms, delay variation is unspecified, and loss ratio is less than Application examples include signalling. Class 4: Low Loss Only applications. Mean delay upper bound is 1s, delay variation is unspecified, and loss ratio is less than Application examples include short transactions, bulk data, video streaming. Class 5: Unspecified applications with unspecified mean delay, delay variation, and loss ratio. Application examples include traditional applications of Default IP Networks. Class 6: Mean delay 100 ms, delay variation 50 ms, loss ratio Applications that are highly sensitive to loss, such as television transport, high-capacity TCP transfers, and TDM circuit emulation. Class 7: Mean delay 400 ms, delay variation 50 ms, loss ratio Applications that are highly sensitive to loss, such as television transport, high-capacity TCP transfers, and TDM circuit emulation. Table A.3 gives some examples of services for each of these classes. Table A.3: Y.1541 IP QoS Class Definitions and Network Performance Objectives QoS class IPTD IPDV IPLR IPER IPRR Applications (examples) ms 50 ms Real-time, jitter sensitive, high interaction (VoIP, VTC) ms 50 ms Real-time, jitter sensitive, ms U Transaction data, highly interactive (Signalling) ms U Transaction data, interactive 4 1 s U Low loss only (short transaction, bulk data, video streaming) 5 U U U U - Traditional applications of default IP network ms 50 ms High bit rate, strictly low loss/error (TV broadcast on IP) ms 50 ms High bit rate, strictly low loss/error A.2 UMTS Classes of Service (CoS) UMTS QoS Classes of Service are defined in [i.6]. When defining the UMTS QoS classes, also referred to as traffic classes, the restrictions and limitations of the air interface have to be taken into account. It is not reasonable to define complex mechanisms as have been in fixed networks due to different error characteristics of the air interface. The QoS mechanisms provided in the cellular network have to be robust and capable of providing reasonable QoS resolution. Table A.4 illustrates the QoS classes for UMTS. SI
9 33 SI TR V1.1.1 ( ) There are four different QoS classes: conversational class; streaming class; interactive class; and background class. The main distinguishing factor between these QoS classes is how delay sensitive the traffic is: Conversational class is meant for traffic which is very delay sensitive while Background class is the most delay insensitive traffic class. A.2.1 Conversational class The most well known use of this scheme is telephony speech (e.g. GSM). But with Internet and multimedia a number of new applications will require this scheme, for example voice over IP and video conferencing tools. Real time conversation - fundamental characteristics for QoS: preserve time relation (variation) between information entities of the stream; conversational pattern (stringent and low delay). A.2.2 Streaming class When the user is looking at (listening to) real time video (audio) the scheme of real time streams applies. The real time data flow is always aiming at a live (human) destination. It is a one-way transport. The delay variation of the end-to-end flow should be limited, to preserve the time relation (variation) between information entities of the stream. But as the stream normally is time aligned at the receiving end (in the user equipment), the highest acceptable delay variation over the transmission media is given by the capability of the time alignment function of the application. Acceptable delay variation is thus much greater than the delay variation given by the limits of human perception. Real time streams - fundamental characteristics for QoS: preserve time relation (variation) between information entities of the stream. A.2.3 class When the end-user, that is either a machine or a human, is on line requesting data from remote equipment (e.g. a server), this scheme applies. Examples of human interaction with the remote equipment are: web browsing, data base retrieval, server access. Examples of machines interaction with remote equipment are: polling for measurement records and automatic data base enquiries (tele-machines). traffic is the other classical data communication scheme that on an overall level is characterised by the request response pattern of the end-user. At the message destination there is an entity expecting the message (response) within a certain time. Round trip delay time is therefore one of the key attributes. Another characteristic is that the content of the packets should be transparently transferred (with low bit error rate). traffic - fundamental characteristics for QoS: request response pattern; preserve payload content. SI
10 34 SI TR V1.1.1 ( ) A.2.4 Background class When the end-user, that typically is a computer, sends and receives data-files in the background, this scheme applies. Examples are background delivery of s, SMS, download of databases and reception of measurement records. Background traffic is one of the classical data communication schemes that on an overall level is characterised by that the destination is not expecting the data within a certain time. The scheme is thus more or less delivery time insensitive. Another characteristic is that the content of the packets should be transparently transferred (with low bit error rate). Background traffic - fundamental characteristics for QoS: the destination is not expecting the data within a certain time; preserve payload content. A.2.5 Summary and QoS Information processing Table A.4: Main features of traffic classes Traffic class Fundamental characteristics Example of the application Conversational class conversational RT - Preserve time relation (variation) between information entities of the stream Conversational pattern (stringent and low delay ) Streaming class streaming RT - Preserve time relation (variation) between information entities of the stream class best effort - Request response pattern - Preserve payload content Background Background best effort - Destination is not expecting the data within a certain time - Preserve payload content - voice - streaming video - Web browsing - background download of s Explanation on possible way for the QoS Information processing is given in [i.7]. Table A.5: UMTS QoS Information processing QoS class UMTS Traffic Class Traffic Handling Priority A Conversational N/A B Streaming N/A C 1 D 2 E 3 F Background N/A NOTE: QoS class represents the highest class that can be used for the bearer. A.3 ITU-T Recommendation G.1010 QoS categories ITU-T Recommendation G.1010 [i.1] defines a model for multimedia Quality of Service (QoS) categories from an enduser viewpoint. By considering user expectations for a range of multimedia applications, eight distinct categories are identified, based on tolerance to information loss and delay. It is intended that these categories form the basis for defining realistic QoS classes for underlying transport networks, and associated QoS control mechanisms. The impact on QoS of the key parameters impacting the user is detailed hereafter. SI
11 35 SI TR V1.1.1 ( ) A.3.1 Key parameters impacting the user A manifests itself in a number of ways, including the time taken to establish a particular service from the initial user request and the time to receive specific information once the service is established. has a very direct impact on user satisfaction depending on the application, and includes delays in the terminal, network, and any servers. Note that from a user point of view, delay also takes into account the effect of other network parameters such as throughput. A variation variation is generally included as a performance parameter since it is very important at the transport layer in packetized data systems due to the inherent variability in arrival times of individual packets. However, services that are highly intolerant of delay variation will usually take steps to remove (or at least significantly reduce) the delay variation by means of buffering, effectively eliminating delay variation as perceived at the user level (although at the expense of adding additional fixed delay). A Information loss Information loss has a very direct effect on the quality of the information finally presented to the user, whether it is voice, image, video or data. In this context, information loss is not limited to the effects of bit errors or packet loss during transmission, but also includes the effects of any degradation introduced by media coding for more efficient transmission (e.g. the use of low bit-rate speech codecs for voice). A.3.2 Application Figure A.1 shows the main features and applications for these eight categories with an indication of the QoS requirement ranges for some services. Packet Loss 5% 0% Zero loss Conversational voice and video Voice/video messaging Streaming audio/video 100 ms 1 s 10 s Fax 100 s Command /control (e.g. Telnet, games) Transactions (e.g. E-commerce, Web-browsing, access) Messaging, Downloads (e.g. FTP, still image) Background (e.g. Usenet) T Figure A.1: G Mapping of user-centric QoS requirements Figure A.2 provides a recommended model for end-user QoS categories, where the four areas of delay are given names chosen to illustrate the type of user interaction involved. Of course, it is possible that each category could be subdivided into further categories to provide a range of quality levels for a specific service, as has been done for conversational voice in [i.8]. SI
12 36 SI TR V1.1.1 ( ) Figure A.2: G Model for user-centric QoS categories A.4 Per Hop Behaviour parameters (DIFFSERV) The Per Hop Behaviour parameters comprise three classes: AF: Assured Forwarding. BE: Best Effort. EF: Expedited Forwarding. A.4.1 Assured Forwarding IF defines four independently forwarded AF classes, within each class one of three different levels of drop precedence can be specified. AFij, with 1 i 4 and 1 j 3, represents the DSCP for AF class i with drop precedence j. It is recommended to support at least one AF class with two drop precedence levels. A.4.2 Best Effort The IP flows which are mapped to this PHB have no expectations on the level of service received by the SD layers. So for BE traffic packets are directed to a BE FIFO queue, but without any conditioning. They remain in the queue until layer 2 resources are made available, as a result of layer 2 on capacity control and scheduling. A.4.3 Expedited Forwarding The EF PHB is designed to provide low-loss, low-latency, low-jitter, assured bandwidth services, where packets normally encounter short or empty queues. Intuitively the service rate for EF traffic on the output satellite interface should be at least the configured rate R, independent of the offered load of non-ef traffic. SI
QoS User view From modelling to service class
QoS User view From modelling to service class STQ Workshop - 1 & 2 July 2009 P-Y Hebert AFUTT User Group vice-chairman ETSI 2009. All rights reserved Index UMTS Classes of Service (CoS) ITU-T Y.1541 QoS
More informationQoS Targets for IP Networks & Services: Challenges and Opportunities
QoS Targets for IP Networks & Services: Challenges and Opportunities Dave Mustill Performance & QoS Standards BT Group Chief Technology Office Presentation Outline Speech quality in the PSTN and beyond
More informationIEEE 802 Executive Committee Study Group on Mobile Broadband Wireless Access <http://ieee802.org/20> Implication of End-user.
Project Title Date Submitted IEEE 802 Executive Committee Study Group on Mobile Broadband Wireless Access Implication of End-user QoS requirements on PHY & MAC 2003-11 11-1010 C802.2-03/106
More informationParameter Equipment Motivation Monitoring method. Smooth play-out Test stream
IP transport requirements Packet Loss Ratio The ratio between the number of the packets lost in the network total and number the of transmitted packets1. Latency The time interval between initial transmission
More informationUMTS Services. Part I: Basics Bearer services and teleservices Supplementary services Multimedia services QoS architecture
UMTS Services Part I: Basics Bearer services and teleservices Supplementary services Multimedia services QoS architecture References Kaaranen, et al, Ch. 7 Walke, et al, ch. 10 3GPP TS 22.101: service
More informationRECOMMENDATION ITU-R BT.1720 *
Rec. ITU-R BT.1720 1 RECOMMENDATION ITU-R BT.1720 * Quality of service ranking and measurement methods for digital video broadcasting services delivered over broadband Internet protocol networks (Question
More informationITU-T Y Roadmap for the quality of service of interconnected networks that use the Internet protocol
International Telecommunication Union ITU-T Y.1545 TELECOMMUNICATION STANDARDIZATION SECTOR OF ITU (05/2013) SERIES Y: INFORMATION INFRASTRUCTURE, INTERNET PROTOCOL ASPECTS AND NEXT- GENERATION NETWORKS
More informationETSI TR V1.1.1 ( ) Technical Report
TR 102 805-1 V1.1.1 (2009-11) Technical Report User Group; End-to-end QoS management at the Network Interfaces; Part 1: User's E2E QoS - Analysis of the NGN interfaces (user case) 2 TR 102 805-1 V1.1.1
More informationDiffServ Architecture: Impact of scheduling on QoS
DiffServ Architecture: Impact of scheduling on QoS Abstract: Scheduling is one of the most important components in providing a differentiated service at the routers. Due to the varying traffic characteristics
More information4 rd class Department of Network College of IT- University of Babylon
1. INTRODUCTION We can divide audio and video services into three broad categories: streaming stored audio/video, streaming live audio/video, and interactive audio/video. Streaming means a user can listen
More informationLecture 13: Transportation layer
Lecture 13: Transportation layer Contents Goals of transportation layer UDP TCP Port vs. Socket QoS AE4B33OSS Lecture 12 / Page 2 Goals of transportation layer End-to-end communication Distinguish different
More informationReal-Time Protocol (RTP)
Real-Time Protocol (RTP) Provides standard packet format for real-time application Typically runs over UDP Specifies header fields below Payload Type: 7 bits, providing 128 possible different types of
More informationMultimedia Networking
CMPT765/408 08-1 Multimedia Networking 1 Overview Multimedia Networking The note is mainly based on Chapter 7, Computer Networking, A Top-Down Approach Featuring the Internet (4th edition), by J.F. Kurose
More informationCOPYRIGHTED MATERIAL. What is QoS? 1.1 QoS Definition
1 What is QoS? 1.1 QoS Definition According to ISO 8402, the word quality is defined as the totality of characteristics of an entity that bear on its ability to satisfy stated and implied needs. ISO 9000
More informationPrinciples. IP QoS DiffServ. Agenda. Principles. L74 - IP QoS Differentiated Services Model. L74 - IP QoS Differentiated Services Model
Principles IP QoS DiffServ Differentiated Services Architecture DSCP, CAR Integrated Services Model does not scale well flow based traffic overhead (RSVP messages) routers must maintain state information
More informationOSI Layer OSI Name Units Implementation Description 7 Application Data PCs Network services such as file, print,
ANNEX B - Communications Protocol Overheads The OSI Model is a conceptual model that standardizes the functions of a telecommunication or computing system without regard of their underlying internal structure
More informationA Preferred Service Architecture for Payload Data Flows. Ray Gilstrap, Thom Stone, Ken Freeman
A Preferred Service Architecture for Payload Data Flows Ray Gilstrap, Thom Stone, Ken Freeman NASA Research and Engineering Network NASA Advanced Supercomputing Division NASA Ames Research Center Outline
More informationBasics (cont.) Characteristics of data communication technologies OSI-Model
48 Basics (cont.) Characteristics of data communication technologies OSI-Model Topologies Packet switching / Circuit switching Medium Access Control (MAC) mechanisms Coding Quality of Service (QoS) 49
More informationChapter 2 of Network Performance and Quality of Service: Determination of Key Performance Indicator (KPI)
Chapter 2 of Network Performance and Quality of Service: Determination of Key Performance Indicator (KPI) Paper DOI:10.17605/OSF.IO/6GTND Citation: Haryadi, S. (2018, January 26). Chapter 2 of Network
More informationIntroduction to Quality of Service
Introduction to Quality of Service The use of IP as a foundation for converged networks has raised several issues for both enterprise IT departments and ISPs. IP and Ethernet are connectionless technologies
More informationLecture 14: Performance Architecture
Lecture 14: Performance Architecture Prof. Shervin Shirmohammadi SITE, University of Ottawa Prof. Shervin Shirmohammadi CEG 4185 14-1 Background Performance: levels for capacity, delay, and RMA. Performance
More informationQuality of Service II
Quality of Service II Patrick J. Stockreisser p.j.stockreisser@cs.cardiff.ac.uk Lecture Outline Common QoS Approaches Best Effort Integrated Services Differentiated Services Integrated Services Integrated
More informationA common issue that affects the QoS of packetized audio is jitter. Voice data requires a constant packet interarrival rate at receivers to convert
A common issue that affects the QoS of packetized audio is jitter. Voice data requires a constant packet interarrival rate at receivers to convert data into a proper analog signal for playback. The variations
More informationIMS Mapping of QoS Requirements on the Network Level
IMS Mapping of QoS Requirements on the Network Level Tomáš Mácha 1, Luboš Nagy 1, Zdeněk Martinásek 1, Vít Novotný 1 1 Fakulta elektrotechniky a komunikačních technologií VUT v Brně Email: {tomas.macha,
More informationHSCN Quality of Service (QoS) Policy
HSCN Quality of Service (QoS) Policy Published March 2018 Copyright 2018 Health and Social Care Information Centre. The Health and Social Care Information Centre is a non-departmental body created by statute,
More informationQuality of Service in the Internet
Quality of Service in the Internet Problem today: IP is packet switched, therefore no guarantees on a transmission is given (throughput, transmission delay, ): the Internet transmits data Best Effort But:
More informationDistributed Multimedia Systems. Introduction
Distributed Multimedia Systems Introduction Introducing Multimedia Systems Example target applications networked video libraries, Internet telephony and video conferencing Real time systems performing
More informationINSE 7110 Winter 2009 Value Added Services Engineering in Next Generation Networks Week #2. Roch H. Glitho- Ericsson/Concordia University
INSE 7110 Winter 2009 Value Added Services Engineering in Next Generation Networks Week #2 1 Outline 1. Basics 2. Media Handling 3. Quality of Service (QoS) 2 Basics - Definitions - History - Standards.
More informationConvergence of communication services
Convergence of communication services Lecture slides for S-38.191 5.4.2001 Mika Ilvesmäki Networking laboratory Contents Services and contemporary networks IP service Voice over IP DataoverIP Convergence
More informationIP SLAs Overview. Finding Feature Information. Information About IP SLAs. IP SLAs Technology Overview
This module describes IP Service Level Agreements (SLAs). IP SLAs allows Cisco customers to analyze IP service levels for IP applications and services, to increase productivity, to lower operational costs,
More informationETSI TS V1.1.1 ( )
TS 185 001 V1.1.1 (2005-11) Technical Specification Telecommunication and Internet converged Services and Protocols for Advanced Networking (TISPAN); Next Generation Network (NGN); Quality of Service (QoS)
More informationModule objectives. Integrated services. Support for real-time applications. Real-time flows and the current Internet protocols
Integrated services Reading: S. Keshav, An Engineering Approach to Computer Networking, chapters 6, 9 and 4 Module objectives Learn and understand about: Support for real-time applications: network-layer
More informationDeliverable D7.4 Field Validation Test Report
VIVALDI PROJECT DOCUMENT WORK PACKAGE 7 Deliverable D7.4 Field Validation Test Report Revision 1.2 Project full title: Advancing interactive Broadband satellite access by optimal convergence of session
More informationStandard Configuration of DiffServ Service Classes at IETF84
Standard Configuration of DiffServ Service Classes at IETF84 draft-polk-tsvwg-rfc4594-update-01.txt draft-polk-tsvwg-new-dscp-assignments-00.txt 1 August 2012 James Polk (editor) Purpose of the drafts
More informationSynopsis of Basic VoIP Concepts
APPENDIX B The Catalyst 4224 Access Gateway Switch (Catalyst 4224) provides Voice over IP (VoIP) gateway applications for a micro branch office. This chapter introduces some basic VoIP concepts. This chapter
More informationGUIDELINES FOR VOIP NETWORK PREREQUISITES
GUIDELINES FOR VOIP NETWORK PREREQUISITES WHITE PAPER October 2016 Unified Networks Unified User Clients Unified Messaging Mobility 100+ Call Management Features Executive Summary This document contains
More informationQoS Requirements and Implementation for IMS Network
QoS Requirements and Implementation for IMS Network Manish Kumar Rana, Hemant Narayan Abstract: The issue of converged networks is to ensure the sufficient quality of services for entire duration of communication
More informationQuality of Service in the Internet
Quality of Service in the Internet Problem today: IP is packet switched, therefore no guarantees on a transmission is given (throughput, transmission delay, ): the Internet transmits data Best Effort But:
More informationQoS in multiservice IP networks Vodafone-Italy s point of view
QoS in multiservice IP networks Vodafone-Italy s point of view Alberto Bona and Livio Pogliano Catania February, 3 rd 2005 Page 1 Vodafone s footprint Page 2 QoS categories for wireless applications increasing
More informationQuality of Service Mechanism for MANET using Linux Semra Gulder, Mathieu Déziel
Quality of Service Mechanism for MANET using Linux Semra Gulder, Mathieu Déziel Semra.gulder@crc.ca, mathieu.deziel@crc.ca Abstract: This paper describes a QoS mechanism suitable for Mobile Ad Hoc Networks
More informationIP Telephony - Quality-of-Service Aspects. Bruce Pettitt
IP Telephony - Quality-of-Service Aspects Bruce Pettitt Overview - QoS for IP Telephony Background QoS Concepts Impact of Packet Loss and Delay The QoS Challenge for IP Telephony Technology Solutions supporting
More informationLecture 13. Quality of Service II CM0256
Lecture 13 Quality of Service II CM0256 Types of QoS Best Effort Services Integrated Services -- resource reservation network resources are assigned according to the application QoS request and subject
More informationBandwidth, Latency, and QoS for Core Components
Bandwidth, Latency, and QoS for Core Components, on page 1 Bandwidth, Latency, and QoS for Optional Cisco Components, on page 18 Bandwidth, Latency, and QoS for Optional Third-Party Components, on page
More informationAlcatel OmniPCX Enterprise
Alcatel OmniPCX Enterprise QoS for VoIP Overview 1 OBJECTIVE: Describe the essential parameters for QoS The QoS parameters regarding the data network IP Packet Transfer Delay (IPTD): Time for the packet
More informationSupport for End-to-End QoS
GPP S.R00-A Version.0 Version Date: June, 00 0 0 Support for End-to-End QoS Stage Requirements COPYRIGHT NOTICE GPP and its Organizational Partners claim copyright in this document and individual Organizational
More informationABSTRACT. that it avoids the tolls charged by ordinary telephone service
ABSTRACT VoIP (voice over IP - that is, voice delivered using the Internet Protocol) is a term used in IP telephony for a set of facilities for managing the delivery of voice information using the Internet
More informationAdvanced Lab in Computer Communications Meeting 6 QoS. Instructor: Tom Mahler
Advanced Lab in Computer Communications Meeting 6 QoS Instructor: Tom Mahler Motivation Internet provides only single class of best-effort service. Some applications can be elastic. Tolerate delays and
More informationNeed For Protocol Architecture
Chapter 2 CS420/520 Axel Krings Page 1 Need For Protocol Architecture E.g. File transfer Source must activate communications path or inform network of destination Source must check destination is prepared
More informationWireless Networks. Communication Networks
Wireless Networks Communication Networks Types of Communication Networks Traditional Traditional local area network (LAN) Traditional wide area network (WAN) Higher-speed High-speed local area network
More informationDiffServ Architecture: Impact of scheduling on QoS
DiffServ Architecture: Impact of scheduling on QoS Introduction: With the rapid growth of the Internet, customers are demanding multimedia applications such as telephony and video on demand, to be available
More informationMohammad Hossein Manshaei 1393
Mohammad Hossein Manshaei manshaei@gmail.com 1393 Voice and Video over IP Slides derived from those available on the Web site of the book Computer Networking, by Kurose and Ross, PEARSON 2 Multimedia networking:
More informationCS321: Computer Networks Introduction to Computer Networks and Internet
CS321: Computer Networks Introduction to Computer Networks and Internet Dr. Manas Khatua Assistant Professor Dept. of CSE IIT Jodhpur E-mail: manaskhatua@iitj.ac.in What is Data Communication? Data communications
More informationQuality of Service (QoS) Computer network and QoS ATM. QoS parameters. QoS ATM QoS implementations Integrated Services Differentiated Services
1 Computer network and QoS QoS ATM QoS implementations Integrated Services Differentiated Services Quality of Service (QoS) The data transfer requirements are defined with different QoS parameters + e.g.,
More informationQuality of Service in the Internet. QoS Parameters. Keeping the QoS. Leaky Bucket Algorithm
Quality of Service in the Internet Problem today: IP is packet switched, therefore no guarantees on a transmission is given (throughput, transmission delay, ): the Internet transmits data Best Effort But:
More informationMultimedia! 23/03/18. Part 3: Lecture 3! Content and multimedia! Internet traffic!
Part 3: Lecture 3 Content and multimedia Internet traffic Multimedia How can multimedia be transmitted? Interactive/real-time Streaming 1 Voice over IP Interactive multimedia Voice and multimedia sessions
More informationPart 3: Lecture 3! Content and multimedia!
Part 3: Lecture 3! Content and multimedia! Internet traffic! Multimedia! How can multimedia be transmitted?! Interactive/real-time! Streaming! Interactive multimedia! Voice over IP! Voice and multimedia
More informationQuality of Service (QoS)
Quality of Service (QoS) A note on the use of these ppt slides: We re making these slides freely available to all (faculty, students, readers). They re in PowerPoint form so you can add, modify, and delete
More informationCommunication Networks
Communication Networks Chapter 3 Multiplexing Frequency Division Multiplexing (FDM) Useful bandwidth of medium exceeds required bandwidth of channel Each signal is modulated to a different carrier frequency
More informationETSF10 Internet Protocols Transport Layer Protocols
ETSF10 Internet Protocols Transport Layer Protocols 2012, Part 2, Lecture 2.2 Kaan Bür, Jens Andersson Transport Layer Protocols Special Topic: Quality of Service (QoS) [ed.4 ch.24.1+5-6] [ed.5 ch.30.1-2]
More informationSIMULATION FRAMEWORK MODELING
CHAPTER 5 SIMULATION FRAMEWORK MODELING 5.1 INTRODUCTION This chapter starts with the design and development of the universal mobile communication system network and implementation of the TCP congestion
More informationMedienübertragung im Internet
Ein Lied geht um die Welt - Medienübertragung im Internet Lehrstuhl Nachrichtentechnik Intel Visual Computing Institute Prof. Dr.-Ing. Thorsten Herfet herfet@cs.uni-saarland.de A few facts, June 2010 1
More informationAffects of Queuing Mechanisms on RTP Traffic Comparative Analysis of Jitter, End-to- End Delay and Packet Loss
Comparative Analysis of Jitter, End-to- End Delay and Packet Loss Gregory Epiphaniou 1 Carsten Maple 1 Paul Sant 1 Matthew Reeves 2 1 Institute for Research in Applicable Computing University of Bedfordshire
More informationMultimedia Networking. Network Support for Multimedia Applications
Multimedia Networking Network Support for Multimedia Applications Protocols for Real Time Interactive Applications Differentiated Services (DiffServ) Per Connection Quality of Services Guarantees (IntServ)
More informationInternet Services & Protocols. Quality of Service Architecture
Department of Computer Science Institute for System Architecture, Chair for Computer Networks Internet Services & Protocols Quality of Service Architecture Dr.-Ing. Stephan Groß Room: INF 3099 E-Mail:
More informationAudiovisual QoS for communication over IP networks
Audiovisual QoS for communication over IP networks Trond Ulseth Telenor R&I E-mail: trond.ulseth@telenor.com Effect of transmission performance on Multimedia Quality of Service, The path towards the Next
More informationQuality of Service Basics
Quality of Service Basics Summer Semester 2011 Integrated Communication Systems Group Ilmenau University of Technology Content QoS requirements QoS in networks Basic QoS mechanisms QoS in IP networks IntServ
More informationNeed For Protocol Architecture
Chapter 2 CS420/520 Axel Krings Page 1 Need For Protocol Architecture E.g. File transfer Source must activate communications path or inform network of destination Source must check destination is prepared
More informationConfiguring QoS on the GGSN
CHAPTER 9 This chapter describes how to configure Quality of Service (QoS) functions to differentiate traffic flow through the GGSN. For a complete description of the GGSN commands in this chapter, refer
More informationTelecommunications Glossary
Telecommunications Glossary API - Application Programming Interface. An API allows two applications to communicate. It's what enables data to be seamlessly distributed to different applications on different
More informationCMSC 322 Computer Networks Applications and End-To- End
CMSC 322 Computer Networks Applications and End-To- End Professor Doug Szajda CMSC 332: Computer Networks Announcements Project 2 has been posted and is due Monday, February 8 (No extension!) Homework
More informationINTERNATIONAL INTERCONNECTION FORUM FOR SERVICES OVER IP. (i3 FORUM) Interoperability Test Plan for International Voice services
INTERNATIONAL INTERCONNECTION FORUM FOR SERVICES OVER IP (i3 FORUM) Workstream Technical Aspects Workstream Operations Interoperability Test Plan for International Voice services (Release 3.0) May 2010
More informationANNEX 1-A: A SUMMARY OF QOS ASSESSMENT FRAMEWORK FOR MOBILE VOICE, SMS, MMS & DATA SERVICES at Year 1
ANNEX 1-A: A SUMMARY OF QOS ASSESSMENT FRAMEWORK FOR MOBILE VOICE, SMS, MMS & DATA SERVICES at Year 1 Item Type Main KPI Sub KPI Parameter Maximum Sourcing Frequency Remarks 1. Mobile Telephony Coverage
More informationAi-Chun Pang, Office Number: 417. Homework x 3 30% One mid-term exam (5/14) 40% One term project (proposal: 5/7) 30%
IP Telephony Instructor Ai-Chun Pang, acpang@csie.ntu.edu.tw Office Number: 417 Textbook Carrier Grade Voice over IP, D. Collins, McGraw-Hill, Second Edition, 2003. Requirements Homework x 3 30% One mid-term
More informationETSI TS V2.2.1 ( ) Technical Specification
TS 102 250-2 V2.2.1 (2011-04) Technical Specification Speech and multimedia Transmission Quality (STQ); QoS aspects for popular services in mobile networks; Part 2: Definition of Quality of Service parameters
More informationVoice Analysis for Mobile Networks
White Paper VIAVI Solutions Voice Analysis for Mobile Networks Audio Quality Scoring Principals for Voice Quality of experience analysis for voice... 3 Correlating MOS ratings to network quality of service...
More informationQuality of Service (QoS) Whitepaper
Quality of Service (QoS) Whitepaper PCS-Series Videoconferencing White Paper www.sonybiz.net/vc Introduction Currently, an estimated 5% of data packets sent over the Internet are lost. In a videoconferencing
More informationCSC 4900 Computer Networks: End-to-End Design
CSC 4900 Computer Networks: End-to-End Design Professor Henry Carter Fall 2017 Villanova University Department of Computing Sciences Review In the last two lectures, we discussed the fundamentals of networking
More informationETSI TS V2.3.1 ( )
TS 102 250-2 V2.3.1 (2014-08) TECHNICAL SPECIFICATION Speech and multimedia Transmission Quality (STQ); QoS aspects for popular services in mobile networks; Part 2: Definition of Quality of Service parameters
More informationIntroduction to Networking
Introduction to Networking Chapters 1 and 2 Outline Computer Network Fundamentals Defining a Network Networks Defined by Geography Networks Defined by Topology Networks Defined by Resource Location OSI
More informationLecture 13: Application layer
Lecture 13: Application layer Contents Goals of transportation layer UDP TCP Port vs. Socket QoS AE4B33OSS Lecture 12 / Page 2 Goals of transportation layer End to end communication Distinguish different
More informationAdvanced Computer Networks
Advanced Computer Networks QoS in IP networks Prof. Andrzej Duda duda@imag.fr Contents QoS principles Traffic shaping leaky bucket token bucket Scheduling FIFO Fair queueing RED IntServ DiffServ http://duda.imag.fr
More informationIslamic University of Gaza Faculty of Engineering Department of Computer Engineering ECOM 4021: Networks Discussion. Chapter 1.
Islamic University of Gaza Faculty of Engineering Department of Computer Engineering ECOM 4021: Networks Discussion Chapter 1 Foundation Eng. Haneen El-Masry February, 2014 A Computer Network A computer
More informationVOIP Network Pre-Requisites
VOIP Network Pre-Requisites Executive Summary This document contains basic network requirements that are foundational for good voice quality when using Vogtec VoIP products/solutions over a data network.
More informationInternet. 1) Internet basic technology (overview) 3) Quality of Service (QoS) aspects
Internet 1) Internet basic technology (overview) 2) Mobility aspects 3) Quality of Service (QoS) aspects Relevant information: these slides (overview) course textbook (Part H) www.ietf.org (details) IP
More informationETSI TS V1.2.1 ( )
TS 102 250-2 V1.2.1 (2004-06) Technical Specification Speech Processing, Transmission and Quality Aspects (STQ); QoS aspects for popular services in GSM and 3G networks; Part 2: Definition of Quality of
More informationAT&T Collaborate TM. Network Assessment Tool
AT&T Collaborate TM Network Assessment Tool 2016 AT&T Intellectual Property. All rights reserved. AT&T, Globe logo, Mobilizing Your World and DIRECTV are registered trademarks and service marks of AT&T
More informationPERFORMANCE ANALYSIS OF AF IN CONSIDERING LINK UTILISATION BY SIMULATION WITH DROP-TAIL
I.J.E.M.S., VOL.2 (4) 2011: 221-228 ISSN 2229-600X PERFORMANCE ANALYSIS OF AF IN CONSIDERING LINK UTILISATION BY SIMULATION WITH DROP-TAIL Jai Kumar, Jaiswal Umesh Chandra Department of Computer Science
More informationCOPYRIGHTED MATERIAL INTRODUCTION AND OVERVIEW
1 INTRODUCTION AND OVERVIEW The past few decades have seen the merging of computer and communication technologies Wide-area and local-area computer networks have been deployed to interconnect computers
More informationCS519: Computer Networks. Lecture 5, Part 5: Mar 31, 2004 Queuing and QoS
: Computer Networks Lecture 5, Part 5: Mar 31, 2004 Queuing and QoS Ways to deal with congestion Host-centric versus router-centric Reservation-based versus feedback-based Window-based versus rate-based
More informationBroadband Quality of Service
Broadband Quality of Service Prof. Timothy Gonsalves Dept of Computer Science & Engg TeNeT Group, IIT-Madras R.Thirumurthy Midas Communication Technologies Pvt Ltd TeNeT Group IIT-M TeNeT Group IIT-M Jun
More informationINTERNATIONAL TELECOMMUNICATION UNION
INTERNATIONAL TELECOMMUNICATION UNION TELECOMMUNICATION STANDARDIZATION SECTOR STUDY PERIOD 21-24 English only Questions: 12 and 16/12 Geneva, 27-31 January 23 STUDY GROUP 12 DELAYED CONTRIBUTION 98 Source:
More informationIP Premium Agenda. - Services specification and implementation discussion. - Qos Parameters. M. Campanella - TF-TNG - Münster 7 feb 2001
IP Premium Agenda - Services specification and implementation discussion - Qos Parameters 1 Géant QoS Services Specifications Mauro Campanella Tiziana Ferrari Mauro.Campanella@mi.infn.it Tiziana.Ferrari@cnaf.infn.it
More informationPerformance and Evaluation of Integrated Video Transmission and Quality of Service for internet and Satellite Communication Traffic of ATM Networks
Performance and Evaluation of Integrated Video Transmission and Quality of Service for internet and Satellite Communication Traffic of ATM Networks P. Rajan Dr. K.L.Shanmuganathan Research Scholar Prof.
More informationComputer Communication Networks
Contents ELL 785 Computer Communication Networks Introduction Lecture 1 Taxonomy of communication works Computer Communication Networks Building a work ed work architecture 1-1 Introduction PC server wireless
More informationQoS metrics and requirements
QoS metrics and requirements Lectured by Alexander Pyattaev Department of Communications Engineering Tampere University of Technology alexander.pyattaev@tut.fi March 5, 2012 Outline 1 Introduction 2 Performance
More informationGrandstream Networks, Inc. GWN7000 QoS - VoIP Traffic Management
Grandstream Networks, Inc. GWN7000 QoS - VoIP Traffic Management Table of Contents INTRODUCTION... 4 DSCP CLASSIFICATION... 5 QUALITY OF SERVICE ON GWN7000... 6 USING QOS TO PRIORITIZE VOIP TRAFFIC...
More informationImplementation concepts for a bridging protocol for the high data rate slow-fading Free-Space Optical Channel
Implementation concepts for a bridging protocol for the high data rate slow-fading Free-Space Optical Channel Bernhard Epple *a, Clara Serrano Solsona a a German Aerospace Center (DLR), Institute of Communications
More informationAT&T Collaborate TM. Network Assessment Tool
AT&T Collaborate TM Network Assessment Tool 2016 AT&T Intellectual Property. All rights reserved. AT&T, Globe logo, Mobilizing Your World and DIRECTV are registered trademarks and service marks of AT&T
More informationQuality of Service Monitoring and Delivery Part 01. ICT Technical Update Module
Quality of Service Monitoring and Delivery Part 01 ICT Technical Update Module Presentation Outline Introduction to IP-QoS IntServ Architecture DiffServ Architecture Post Graduate Certificate in Professional
More informationImprove the QoS by Applying Differentiated Service over MPLS Network
Available Online at www.ijcsmc.com International Journal of Computer Science and Mobile Computing A Monthly Journal of Computer Science and Information Technology IJCSMC, Vol. 4, Issue. 9, September 2015,
More information