Nam-Seok Ko.

Transcription

1 QoS-aware Mobility Management for Convergence Nam-Seok Ko FMC Technology Research Team Network Research Division Electronics and Telecommunications Research Institute KRNET 2009

2 Introduction IP Mobility NGN, 3GPP LTE/SAE, WiMAX Contents Dynamic Policy and QoS Control NGN, 3GPP LTE/SAE, WiMAX QoS-aware Mobility NGN, 3GPP LTE/SAE, WiMAX Summary Discussion 2 KRNET 2009

3 Convergence in Network Perspective NGN (ITU-T/TISPAN) Packet-based (IP-based) Network IMS-based Service Control ITU-T s definition of NGN : A packet-based network able to provide services including Telecommunication Services and able to make use of multiple broadband, QoS-enabled transport technologies and in which service-related related functions are independent from underlying transport related technologies. Dynamic Policy-based Service Control (RACF, RACS) IP-based Mobility (Host-based and Network-based Mobility Architectures) MMCF (Mobility Management and Control Function) 3GPP LTE/SAE All IP Network Application-based (including IMS-based) Service Control Dynamic Policy-based Service Control (PCC) Merging Policy and Charging into a Function IP-based Mobility (PMIP, DSMIPv6, MIPv4 FA Mode) WiMAX All IP Network Application-based (including IMS-based) Service Control (Rel 1.5) Dynamic Policy-based Service Control (PCC) 3GPP R7 compliant IP-based Mobility (CMIPv4, PMIPv4, CMIPv6, PMIPv6) 3 KRNET 2009

4 Convergence in ITU-T T NGN Service Stratum Applications Application Support Application Functions Functions and Service Support Functions Legacy Terminals Legacy Terminals GW GW S. User Profile Functions Network Attachment T. User Control Functions Profile (NACF) Function Other NGN Service Components IPTV Service Component PSTN / ISDN Emulation Service Component Mobility Management Control Functions (MMCF) IP Multimedia Component IP Multimedia &PSTN/ISDN Simulation Service Component Service Control And Delivery Functions Resource and Admission Control Functions (RACF) Oth her Networks Customer Networks NGN Terminals End-User Functions Access Transport Network Functions Functions Edge Functions Core Transport Core transport Functions Functions Transport Stratum Source : ITU-T NGN FRA R2 Revision Draft 4 KRNET 2009

5 Convergence in TISPAN NGN Applications Data Base Other Subsystem Components Legacy Terminals Legacy Legacy Terminals Terminals GW GW NASS IP Multimedia Component (Core IMS) PSTN / ISDN Emulation RACS T-MGF ICF PSTN / ISD DN Other Netw works NGN Terminals Customer Networks NGN Terminals IP Access Transport Network Core transport Network I-BGF 3GPP IP-CAN 3GPP Terminals Source : EU workshop on NGN, KRNET 2009

6 Convergence Big Picture HSS IMS Data SLF SIP AS AS IM SSF OSA SCS Application (SIP AS, OSA AS, CAMEL SE) HLR/AuC ( CS/PS ) Signalling S-CSCF CSCF I-CSCF BGCF User Plane Data P-CSCF MGCF RACS (RACF) UE NGN UE WiMAX UE 3GPP BS SFM enb NASS (NACF) SPDF/ A-RACF (PD-FE) MMCF DSLAM BRAS IP mobility based on MMCF ASN-GW (FA, MAG) SFA/ A-PCEF HA CMIP4/6, PMIP4/6 S-GW BBERF P-GW (MAG) (HA/LMA) PMIP, DSMIPv6, MIPv4 RCEF (PE-FE) PDF C-PCEF PCEF PCRF MRF MRFC MRFP BB (IPv4/IPv6) BG IMS GW ALG TrGW SGW IMS-MGW IPv6 PDN (IPv6 Network) CS Networks (PSTN, CS PLMN) IPv4 PDN (IPv4 Network) 6 KRNET 2009

7 Mobility 7 KRNET 2009

8 IETF - Proxy Mobile IPv6 (PMIPv6,( RFC 5213 PMIPv6, RFC 5213) Key Features Internet CN IP address does not change across access networks as long as the user stay within a PMIP domain Mobility signalling is handled by network agents (MAGs) instead of MNs Network-based Tunnel (IP-in-IP, GRE, etc.) LMA LMA Related IDs in NETLMM WG IPv4 Support for Proxy Mobile IPv6 Proxy mobility signalling instead of MN MAG1 Local Network (a PMIP domain) MAG2 Advertise the same prefix for the MN so that MN may not realize that it has moved in layer 3 perspective. GRE Key Option for Proxy Mobile IPv6 Heartbeat Mechanism for Proxy Mobile IPv6 Interactions between PMIPv6 and MIPv6: scenarios and related issues MN move 8 KRNET 2009

9 IETF - Dual Stack Mobile IPv6 (DSMIPv6, RFC 5555 DSMIPv6, RFC 5555) Key Features Maintaining binding cache for both IPv4 and IPv6 HoAs Extend Mobile IPv6 to support IPv4 instead of maintaining i i separate protocols for IPv4 & IPv6 Host-based Tunnel IPv4 Dual Stack HA IPv4 IPv6 NAT Private IPv4 HA Mobile IPv6 BU message (IPv4 Home Address option, IPv4 Care-of Address option) Mobile IPv6 BU message (IPv4 Address Acknowledgement option, NAT Detection option) Mobility support independent of IP version of underlying access network Support NAT Traversal UDP header is added when a NAT is detected Running IPv4 and/or IPv6 applications independent of IP version of the underlying access network MN w/ IPv4 HoA and IPv6 HoA Route optimization is not supported in a visited network that supports IPv4 only Related IDs in MEXT WG Binding Revocation for IPv6 Mobility Mobility Support in IPv6 (RFC 3775bis) Home Agent Reliability Protocol Flow Bindings Multiple CoA Prefix Delegation 9 KRNET 2009

10 ITU-T T Mobility MMCF ( MMCF (Mobility Management and Control Function) UE TLM-FE NAC-FE Mobility location management (e.g. MIP binding and PMIP proxy binding) NACF HGWC-FE AM-FE TUP-FE TAA-FE M3 M4 M5 M1 M2 M13 M6 MLM-FE M10 HDC-FE M7 MMCF M9 M11 NID-FE M12 NIR-FE Handover decision and control function by interacting ti with RACF RACF Network information repository function M8 PD-FE TRC--FE Network information distribution function (which can be mapped to a part of MIH) Control plane Forwarding plane AR-FE L2HE-FE EN-FE ABG-FE IBG-FE AN-FE L2 Transport Functions L3HEF L3HEF Packet Transport Functions L3HEF Access Transport Core Transport Source : Y.2018 (Formerly Y.MMCF) 10 KRNET 2009

11 3GPP SAE IP Mobility UE UTRAN GERAN S1-MME 2G/3G SGSN S3 MME HSS S4 S6a Gxc S10 S11 Serving enb Gateway LTE-Uu S1-U (MAG) S5/ S8 X2 S2c Gxa S2a Gx PCRF PDN Gateway (LMA/HA) S2c S2b Gxb S2c epdg (MAG) Interface Protocols Spec S5/S8 (GTP) GTP/UDP/IP S5/S8 (PMIP) CP: PMIP/IP, UP: GRE/IP S2a PMIP/IP, or MIPv4/UDP/IP S2b PMIP/IP S2c DSMIPv6, IKEv SWn PMIP SWu IKEv2, MOBIKE SGi Rx S6b Operators s IP Services (e.g. IMS, PSS, ) SWm SWx 3GPP AAA Server e.g. ASN-GW, HSGW AGW (MAG or FA) Trusted non- 3GPP Network SWu SWn Untrusted non- 3GPP Network SWa UE STa 11 KRNET 2009

12 3GPP SAE IP Mobility SAE supports both host-based and network-based mobility management solutions Dual-Stack MIPv6 (host-based) Proxy MIPv6 and MIPv4 in Foreign Agent mode (network-based) PDN GW works as MIP/PMIP Home Agent/LMA When connected to a 3GPP access the UE can be assumed to be at home in MIP sense Mobility within 3GPP accesses (E-UTRAN, UTRAN and GERAN) is managed in a network-based fashion using 3GPP-specific protocols Service continuity is guaranteed in case the UE moves from a 3GPP access to a non-3gpp access (or vice versa) UE communicates using the same IP address independently of the access network it is attached to Serving GW and epdg work as PMIP MAG Trusted AGW (such as HSGW) works as PMIP MAG or MIPv4 FA 12 KRNET 2009

13 Mobile WiMAX IP Mobility Manage Air Interface Handle Backhaul interface toward ASN GW Handover control (i.e. decision point of handover in controlled HO mode) ASN-anchored Mobility ASN BS BS R8 R6 ASN GW Session mobility management Foreign agent (FA), PMIP Client Connectivity to selected CSN ASN Radio Resource Management Location Management & Paging Mobility Management Network Entry (AAA proxy & temporary DB mgmt) AAA client ASN admission control Data Path Function (DPF) DHCP Proxy/Relay R3 CSN MIP HLR R6 HA AAA HSS DHCP Policy Server CSN-anchored Mobility (IETF-based Mobility Protocols) R4 R5 (Roaming) MS ASN Another Operator s CSN MIP HA AAA HLR HSS DHCP Policy Server NAP (Network Access Provider) NSP (Network Service Provider) 13 KRNET 2009

14 Mobile WiMAX IP Mobility ASN Anchored Mobility Management R6 Mobility (BS and ASN-GW), R8 Mobility (inter-bs handover) Related Functions Handover Function Mobile-initiated, network-initiated, and fast handover such as FBSS and MDHO Data Path Function anchor, serving, target, and relay DP function Context Function Data Integrity mechanisms Buffering and Bi/multicasting Completely transparent to the core network (CSN) CSN Anchored Mobility Management R3 Mobility (ASN-GW and HA), R4 Mobility (between ASN-GWs) IP mobility CMIPv4, PMIPv4, CMIPv6 (NWG Rel 1.0) PMIPv6, Simple IPv4, Simple IPv6 (NWG Rel 1.5) FA and PMIP Client resides in ASN-GW with Authenticator and establishes MIP signaling between FA and HA 14 KRNET 2009

15 Mobility Summary IETF-based Mobility in IP-based Networks Two main protocols in each of host-based and network-based mobility architecture Proxy Mobile IPv6 Dual-stack Mobile IPv6 ITU-T 3GPP/SAE TISPAN WiMAX Cable Layer 2 MME Serving GW N/A ASN-Anchored Mobility N/A Layer 3 MMCF -Host-based protocols -Network-based protocols * GTP tunneling PDN-GW Serving GW * Protocols -DSMIPv6 - PMIPv6 - CMIP N/A CSN-Anchored Mobility - CMIP (CCoA, FA-CoA) - PMIP N/A Remarks Framework level design Non-3GPP access networks (WiMAX, WiFi, HRPD) are also considered N/A Interworking with non- WiMAX networks is considered N/A < Comparison of Mobility Functions in Major SDOs and Fora > 15 KRNET 2009

16 Dynamic Policy (QoS QoS) Control 16 KRNET 2009

17 ITU-T T NGN QoS Architecture Service Stratum Transport Stratum NACF MMCF Ru Service Control Functions RACF Rd Rs PD FE Rp Rt Rh TRC FE Rn Rc Rw Ri Oth er NGNs CGPE- FE TRE-FE PE-FE CPN Transport Functions PD-FE is for transport independent aspect TRC-FE is for transport dependent aspect. Session-based and aggregated level (VLAN, Port, etc.) resource control is performed in PD-FE Push and Pull mode Interface between MMCF and PD-FE will be defined d for QoS-aware mobility 17 KRNET 2009

18 ITU-T T NGN QoS Architecture (Cont d) Service Control Functions Service Control Functions (1) Service Request (2) Admission and Resource Request (1) Service Request (3) Authorization Response (2) Authorization Request RACF RACF (3) Policy Enforcement Request (5) Policy Decision Request (6) Policy Decision Response CPE Transport Functions CPE (4) QoS Request Transport Functions < Push Mode > < Pull Mode > 18 KRNET 2009

19 3GPP SAE PCC Architecture UE UTRAN GERAN S1-MME 2G/3G SGSN S3 MME HSS S4 S6a Gxc S10 S11 Serving enb Gateway LTE-Uu S1-U (BBERF) S5/ S8 X2 S2c e.g. ASN-GW, HSGW UE Gxa S2a AGW (BBERF) Trusted non- 3GPP Network Gx PCRF PDN Gateway (PCEF) S2c SWu S2b Gxb S2c Interface Protocols Spec Gx Diameter/SCTP/IP Gxa Diameter/SCTP/IP Gxb Diameter/SCTP/IP Gxc Diameter/SCTP/IP Rx Diameter/SCTP/IP SGi epdg (BBERF) SWn Rx Untrusted non- 3GPP Network S6b Operators s IP Services (e.g. IMS, PSS, ) SWm STa SWa SWx 3GPP AAA Server 19 KRNET 2009

20 3GPP SAE PCC Architecture (Cont d) Combines the Flow Based Charging and Service Based Local Policy to form the Policy Control and Charging (PCC) architecture PCRF (Policy and Charging Rule Function) and PCEF (Policy and Charging Enforcement Function) Both push and pull mode operations are supported AF is no longer limited to IMS specific elements PCRF is split into home domain and visited domain functions Interaction between the PCRF and the transport layer has been extended PCRF interacts and enforces PCC rules across a greater number of access technologies and QoS models PCEF is separated into the Serving Gateway, the Packet Data Network (PDN) Gateway, and the evolved Packet Data Gateway (epdg) Service level QoS parameters QoS Class Identifier (QCI) Control bearer level packet forwarding treatment (e.g. scheduling weights, admission thresholds, queue management thresholds, link layer protocol configuration, etc.) Allocation and Retention Priority (ARP) Decide whether a bearer establishment/modification request can be accepted or not Guaranteed Bit Rate (GBR) Bit rate that can be expected to be provided by a GBR bearer Maximum Bit Rate (MBR) Limits the bit rate that can be expected to be provided by a GBR bearer per APN Aggregate Maximum Bit Rate (APN-AMBR). per UE Aggregate Maximum Bit Rate (UE-AMBR) 20 KRNET 2009

21 3GPP SAE PCC Architecture (Cont d) UE Application AF session signalling, possibly with SDI AF SDI Mapping function Maps the application specific information into the appropriate AVPs IP BS Manager GW Rx Service information PCEF/BBERF PCRF Translation / Mapping function Access-specific QoS parameters IP BS Manager Translation / Mapping function Gx/Gxx Authz IP QoS parameters Policy Engine Access- Specific BS Manager Access- Specific BS Manager Authorizes the IP flows described within service information by mapping from service information to authorized IP QoS parameters (e.g. QCI, GBR, MBR, ARP, ) for transfer to the PCEF/BBERF via the Gx/Gxx interface Map from the authorized IP QoS parameters to the access specific QoS parameters 21 Source : 3GPP TS KRNET 2009

22 3GPP SAE QoS Mapping in Bearer Two levels of QoS control Service data flow templates (downlink parts), applied in order of precedence. Service data flows a High Service data flow templates (uplink parts), associated with the IP- CAN bearer, applied in order of precedence a High a IP packet of service data flow a c e b Uplink IP packets IP-CAN bearers a d c Precedence IP-CAN bearers Precedence b f d e d discard d IP packet of service data flow d f Low Low discard Service Data Flow (SDF) is characterized by the IP 5-tuple (source IP address, destination IP address, source port number, destination port number, protocol ID of the protocol above IP) SDF flows transported by the EPS bearer will be applied to the same packet scheduling algorithm, using the same priority, the same E-UTRAN RLC configuration, etc. Source : 3GPP TS KRNET 2009

23 3GPP SAE PCC Logical Architecture In roaming case, PCRF is divided into two H-PCRF and V-PCRF. S9 reference point is defined for that. Subscription Profile Repository (SPR) Sp Rx AF Online Charging System (OCS) Service Data Flow Based Credit Control Gateway control session through which requests and receives Gateway Control and QoS Rules. IP header information (Framed- IP-Address AVP or Framed-IP- Prefix AVP) is delivered to PCRF Gxx Policy and Charging Rules Function (PCRF) Gx CoA-Information AVP is delivered from PCEF to PCRF -Bearer binding -Uplink bearer binding verification - Event reporting to the PCRF - Sending or receiving IP-CANspecific parameters, to or from the PCRF BBERF (Serving GW, epdg, or HSGW) IP-CAN session PCEF Gateway <Non-roaming Case > Gy Gz Offline Charging System (OFCS) 23 Source : 3GPP TS KRNET 2009

24 3GPP SAE Dynamic PCC Flow UE enb MME BBERF PCEF V-PCRF H-PCRF IP-CAN specific resource request/release initiated by UE Gateway Control QoS Policy Rules Provision - begin Access Dependent Policy Enforcement (Dedicated bearer creation, etc.) Gateway Control QoS Policy Rules Provision - end PCC Rules Provision Procedure Source : 3GPP TS KRNET 2009

25 3GPP SAE Gateway Control Session Gateway Control (GC) Session An association between a BBERF and a PCRF, used for transferring access specific parameters, BBERF events and QoS rules between PCRF and BBERF When a Trusted or Untrusted Non-3GPP IP Access to 3GPP Access handover occurs and a PMIP-based S5/S8 Interface is used, the Serving GW sends a Gateway Control Session Establishment (IP CAN Type, MN NAI, APN, RAT Type) message to the PCRF. Two kinds of GC session A GC session that serves a single IP-CAN session (e.g. S-GW/BBERF connecting to PDN-GW using S5/S8 PMIP). A GC session that serves all the IP-CAN sessions from the same UE (e.g. a GW/BBERF connecting to PDN-GW using S2c). 25 KRNET 2009

26 3GPP SAE Gateway Control Session (Cont d) BBERF V-PCRF H-PCRF PCEF Establish Gateway Control Session Request Gateway Control Session Establishment Optional, PCRF may need to waits until it gets informed about the establishment of the corresponding IP-CAN session PCRF initiated IP-CAN Session Modification Procedure Acknowledge Gateway Control Establishment Deploy QoS Rules and Event Triggers Establish Gateway Control Session Reply Source : 3GPP TS KRNET 2009

27 3GPP SAE IP-CAN Session Case 1 No Gateway Control Session is required No Gateway Control Establishment occurs at all (e.g. 3GPP Access where GTPbased S5/S8 are employed.) Case 2 A Gateway Control Session is required Case 2a) - All IP-CAN sessions using a CoA are handled by the same Gateway Control Session. The BBERF assigns a Care of Address (CoA) to the UE and establishes a Gateway Control Session prior to any IP-CAN session establishment. Case 2b) - Each IP-CAN session is handled in a separate Gateway Control Session. At IP-CAN session establishment A Gateway Control Session is required before the PCEF announces the IP-CAN Session to the PCRF. At BBERF change and pre-registration The Gateway Control Session shall match an IP-CAN session that the PCEF has already announced. 27 KRNET 2009

28 3GPP SAE IP-CAN Session (Cont d) BBERF PCEF V-PCRF H-PCRF SPR OCS Gateway Control Session Establishment t (case 2a and 2b) Establish IP-CAN Bearer Request Indication of IP CAN Session Establishment Profile Request Profile Response Acknowledge IP CAN Session Establishment Policy Decision Credit Request Credit Response Establish IP-CAN Bearer Response IP CAN Bearer Signaling Install PCC Rules. Policy enforcement IP CAN Session Establishment Acknowledge Source : 3GPP TS KRNET 2009

29 Mobile WiMAX PCC Architecture ASN 1 BS Local Rsc Info SFM Data Path Func R6 Translate the policy and ASN charging rules from PCRF/PDF CSN ASP ASN-GW Local Policy DB LPF Responsible for the creation, admission, activation, modification and deletion of SFA A-PCEF Accounting Client Data Path Func to the WiMAX specific QoS and charging g attributes 3GPP Rel. 7 compliant PCC framework PCC-R3-P Policy Gx Rx Distribution PCRF Function Sp PCC-R3-OFC Interworking function between service flows WiMAX ASN and 3GPP core network R4 PCC-R3-OC SPR/ AAA Gz OFCS OCS PCC-R3-OFC AF (P-CSCF or non-ims application server) ASN 2 BS Local Rsc Info SFM Data Path Func R6 ASN-GW Local Policy DB LPF SFA A-PCEF Accounting Client Data Path Func R3-MIP HA Gy C-PCEF Accounting Client Home IP Network 29 KRNET 2009

30 Mobile WiMAX Dynamic Flow Creation A service flow is mapped to : A unique Service Flow ID (SFID) and connection ID (CID) Each CID is characterized by a Mobile Subscriber Station (MSS) ID, link direction and QoS service class MS SFM Serving Anchor Serving Anchor MS SFM SFA SFA SFA SFA RR-Request DSA-Request DSA-Request DSA-Response Apply Admission Control DP-Reg-Request DP-Reg-Response Apply Admission Control DP-Reg-Request DP-Reg-Response RR-Request Perform Policy Decision i RR-Response DSA-Ack RR-Response Assign Resource DSA-Response DSA-Ack < SF Creation by ASN > < SF Creation by MS > Source : WiMAX NWG Rel KRNET 2009

31 Dynamic Policy (QoS QoS) Control Summary Dynamic Policy-based Resource and QoS Control per Service Push and Pull mode Both of session level and aggregate-level QoS in transport level are assumed Policy Decision PD-FE PCRF Transport Resource Control ITU-T 3GPP/SAE TISPAN WiMAX Cable SPDF, A-RACF (partial) PCRF, PDF PAM, PS TRC-FE N/A A-RACF (partial) N/A N/A Policy Enforcement PE-FE PCEF RCEF, BGF PCEF CMTS Remarks N/A N/A N/A 3GPP R7 compliant N/A < Comparison of QoS and Resource Control Functions in Major SDOs and Fora > 31 KRNET 2009

32 QoS-aware Mobility 32 KRNET 2009

33 Why QoS-aware in IP Mobility? QoS-awareness is described in dynamic policy control point of view in this presentation Need to re-enforce policies to new network nodes through which traffic from a moved UE is passing Initial Policy Enforcement Points CN Need to re-enforce policies - IP session information change - Network resource change UE UE 33 KRNET 2009

34 Why QoS-aware in IP Mobility? (Cont d) Application Function is not aware of UE s movement, so it will enforce QoS based on the UE s HoA The policy/qos enforcement points may be the ones at the UE s original location if there is no prior information about UE s movement How could RACF/PCRF know the proper QoS provisioning points? Mobility related functions should notify UE s movement as soon as they detect UE s movement RACF or PCRF Mobility Related Functions CN RACF/PCRF will enforce policy and QoS to the policy enforcement points (PE- FE/PCEF) at UE s original location if they do not receive any information about MN s movement proper QoS provisioning points MN MN 34 KRNET 2009

35 Consideration in Dynamic Policy Control in Mobility Original IP header information is lost when a mobile UE moves Data traffic may be tunneled RACF/PCRF could provision resource based on the new IP header information CN Tunnel Original IP header cannot be not expected in network nodes because of tunneling MN MN 35 KRNET 2009

36 ITU-T T NGN QoS-aware Mobility MMCF SCF MLM-FE HDC-FE 3 1 NACF TRC-FE PD-FE PD-FE 6 TRC-FE PD-FE NACF TRC-FE MN PE-FE target PE-FE PE-FE PE-FE core PE-FE access access PE-FE CUE [1] Binding Update Req [2] Handover Request [3] Resource Re-provisioning Request (w/ IP address mapping information) n) [4] Policy Check [4 ] Handover Response [5] Resource Request [5 ] Binding Update Response [6] Resource Check [7] Subscription Check [8] Commit Resource Mobility control message Resource control message 36 KRNET 2009

37 3GPP SAE QoS-aware Mobility (PMIP-based Initial Attachment) 3GPP access Non-3GPP GW UE enb MME S-GW (BBERF) P-GW (PCEF) V-PCRF H-PCRF HSS Attach procedure authentication, location update, L3 attach trigger, etc. L3 Attach Trigger.. Create Default Bearer Request (3GPP) or non-3gpp specific L3 Attach Trigger Gateway Control Session Establishment IP address is allocated during the process using DHCPv4, etc. Proxy Binding Update IP-CAN Session Establishment Proxy Binding Ack PMIP Tunnel Gateway Control and QoS Rules Provision L3 Attach Complete Create Default Bearer Complete(3GPP) or non-3gpp specific L3 Attach Complete Attach procedure create default bearer response, L3 attach complete, etc.. 37 Source : 3GPP TS / KRNET 2009

38 3GPP SAE QoS-aware Mobility (DSMIPv6-based Initial Attachment) UE Non-3GPP P-GW GW (PCEF) V-PCRF H-PCRF HSS Access Authentication Authentication and Authorization L3 Attach and Local IP Address Allocation IPSec Tunnel For an untrusted non-3gpp access network, IPSec tunnel is created between UE and epdg Gateway Control Session Establishment DSMIPv6 Security Association Setup Authentication and Authorization Binding Update Binding Acknowledgement IP-CAN Session Establishment IPSec Tunnel DSMIPv6 Tunnel Gateway Control and QoS Rules Provision The information of mobility protocol tunnelling encapsulation header is delivered to the non 3GPP access Gateway 38 Source : 3GPP TS / KRNET 2009

39 3GPP SAE QoS-aware Mobility (PMIP-based Handover w/ S-GW Relocation) UE Source enb Target enb MME Source Target S-GW S-GW P-GW V-PCRF H-PCRF Downlink and uplink data PMIP Tunnel Handover preparation Handover execution Forwarding of data X2-based handover(intra-lte and Inter-eNodeB handover with Serving GW relocation) Downlink data Layer 2 handover is done first Uplink data Path Switch Request Create Bearer Request Handover event initiates gateway control session Handover completion CoA info is delivered through this control session Downlink data Path Switch Request Ack QoS rules are re-provisioned to target network Create Bearer Response Gateway Control Session Establishment (A) Proxy Binding Update Proxy Binding Ack PMIP Tunnel IP-CAN Session Establishment If not S-GW relocation, Gateway Control and QoS Rules Request Procedure will be processed instead Release Resource Uplink data Delete Bearer Request Gateway Control Session Termination Delete Bearer Response Tracking Area Update procedure 39 Source : 3GPP TS / KRNET 2009

40 Mobile WiMAX QoS-aware Mobility UE BS (SFM) ASN-GW (A-PCEF/SFA) HA (C-PCEF) PDF V-PCRF H-PCRF AAA/SPR e Link Setup Authentication and Authorization AAA-server-provided pre-provisioned QoS Bearer Establishment IP Address Allocation IP-CAN Session Establishment Request Subscriber Info. MIP Security Association Setup Authentication and Authorization Binding Update Binding Acknowledgement IP-CAN Session Establishment 40 KRNET 2009

41 Summary IETF-based mobility protocols have become a commodity in IP-based Networks (NGN, 3GPP SAE, WiMAX, etc.) Proxy Mobile IPv6, Dual-stack Mobile IPv6, etc. Dynamic policy-based resource and QoS control per service flow Push and Pull mode Both of session level and aggregate-level QoS in transport level are assumed Mobility control procedure should be closely related to dynamic policy and QoS control procedure Since IETF-based mobility protocols are based on the tunneling mechanism, when a mobile UE moves, changed IP address information should be notified to policy and QoS control function Most of network architectures are considering this while especially 3GPP Rel. 8 is describing the procedures in more detail Further studies in WiMAX and NGN architecture seem to be required for a little bit more detailed procedures 41 KRNET 2009

42 Discussion As the use of bandwidth in mobile broadband networks is increasing, the network nodes that can process sessions at wire- speed while guaranteeing QoS per session will also become necessary Flow-based router platform is perfectly matched to the requirement ETRI has developed flow-based router series (refer to backup slides) We are trying to integrate mobility solutions with flow-based router platform ETRI also developed some mobility solutions As an example, xgmip is introduced in backup slides 42 KRNET 2009

43 Q & A 43 KRNET 2009

44 References [ 1] 3GPP TS , IP Multimedia System (IMS). [ 2] 3GPP TS , Policy and Charging Control Architecture. [ 3] 3GPP TS , End-to-end Quality of Service (QoS) concept and architecture. [ 4] 3GPP TS , Policy and Charging Control over Gx reference point. [ 5] 3GPP TS , Policy and Charging Control signalling flows and QoS parameter mapping. [6]3GPP TS , 214 Policy and Charging Control over Rx reference point. [ 7] ETSI TISPAN ES V2.0.0, Resource and Admission Control Sub-system (RACS): Functional Architecture, May [8]ITU-T Recommendation Y.2111, Resource and admission control functions in next generation networks, Sept [ 9] Richard Good and Neco Ventura, Linking session based services and transport layer resources in the IP multimedia subsystem, [10] J. Song, et. al., Overview of ITU-T NGN QoS Control, IEEE Communication Magazine, pp , Sept [11] G. Camarillo, et. al., Towards an Innovation Orientated IP Multimedia Subsystem, IEEE Communications Magazine, pp , 135 March 2007 [12] L. Skorin Kapov, et. al., Application-Level QoS Negotiation and Signaling for Advanced Services in the IMS, IEEE Communications Magazine, pp , March KRNET 2009

45 References (Cont d) [13] Cathal McDaid, Overview and Comparison of QoS Control in Next Generation Networks, [14] Hannes Ekström, QoS Control in the 3GPP Evolved Packet System, IEEE Communications Journal Feb [15] José-Javier Pastor Balbás and Stefan Rommer and John Stenfelt, Policy and Charging Control in the Evolved Packet System, IEEE communication Journal Feb [16] Irfan Ali, et. al., Network-Based Mobility Management in the Evolved 3GPP Core Network IEEE Communication Journal - Feb [17] Martin Niekus, ETSI TISPAN NGN status: Potential policy and regulatory issues, EU workshop on NGN, 22 June 2005 [18] LTE: Towards Mobile Broadband, Jan , 2009 [19] wimax 45 KRNET 2009

46 Acronyms A-RACF : Access Resource Admission Control Function BGF : Border Gateway Function CGPE-FE : CPN Gateway Policy Enforcement Functional Entity CMIP : Client Mobile IP CMTS : Cable Modem Termination System CPN : Customer Premises Network DP : Data Path DSA : Dynamic Service Addition DSMIPv6 : Dual Stack Mobile IPv6 MMCF : Mobility Management and Control Function MME : Mobility Management Entity NACF : Network Attahcment Function PAM : PacketCable Application Manager PCEF : Policy and Charging Enforcement Function PCRF : Policy and Charging Rules Function PDF : Policy Distribution Function PD-FE : Policy Decision Functional Entity PE-FE : Policy Enforcement Functional Entity PMIPv6 : Proxy Mobile IPv6 46 KRNET 2009

47 Acronyms (Cont d) PS : Policy Server RACF : Resource and Admission Control Function RACS : Resource and Admission i Control Subsystem RR : Resource Reservation SFA : Service Flow Agent SFM : Service Flow Manager SPDF : Service Policy Decision Function TRC-FE : Transport Resource Control Functional Entity TRE-FE : Transport Resource Enforcement Functional Entity 47 KRNET 2009

48 Backup Slides Related Projects in ETRI 48 KRNET 2009

49 ETRI s Flow-based Router 3 Modular Platforms Scale from 20Gbps-720Gbps Common Processor Modules and SW Carrier-grade, Highly-Availability Flow-aware Service Control S20 ASIC(NP)-driven, Line-rate Services for Millions of Sessions Subscriber Management with Hierarchical QoS Premium IPTV, Video, VOIP Service Management S80 Line-rate Deep Packet Inspection, Dynamic Flow Identification Seamless Network Fit Standard OSS, Policy and Application Server interfaces Range of interfaces: GigE, 10 GigE / OC-12 to OC-192 Optional Carrier-grade Routing including V6, Multicast, MPLS S KRNET 2009

50 Dynamic Policy Control on Flow-based Router Explicit control of flows Signalling based explicit flow control by interfacing with SIP, IPTV Middleware, Security, etc. Simple XML interface Implicit control o of flows Local policies are pre-provisioned Flows are dynamically identified through DFI (Dynamic Flow Identification) and DPI (Deep Packet Inspection), which makes the mechanism be called implicit control Operations Create or block flows Set QoS parameters for flow including MR (Maximum Rate), AR (Available Rate), GR (Guaranteed Rate), CR (Composite Rate) Precise control of shaping, burst tolerance and policing for any flow 50 KRNET 2009

51 Dynamic Policy Control Deployment Scenario External Interface to Session Server and Policy Infrastructure Explicit control of individual multimedia or premium business sessions Scales to millions of sessions per card! Session Server Session Setup Provision Session : Bandwidth, QoS and Inline Services Session Setup Access Network Core Network Video Store Flow-based Router 51 KRNET 2009

52 ETRI s Host-based Mobility Solution xgmip Reliable, Managed Tunnel - Tunnel Management age e : MCP (Mobility Control o Platform) 7. Secured Peer-to-Peer Data Communication 6.1 Learning Peer s Location Information 6.2 Create Peer-to-Peer Direct Tunnel 5. Secured Key Exchange 1. Subscription 4. Location Registration IPv4 Network xgmip Client xgmip Client Subscriber DB xgmip Portal 3. Tunnel Creation 2. Secured Key Exchange IPv6 over IPv4 Tunnel Manager Security Manager IPv6 over IPv4 Tunnel IPSec Control Tunnel MCP IPSec Data Tunnel 52 KRNET 2009

53 ETRI s Host-based Mobility Solution xgmip (Cont d) Seamless Host-based IP Mobility L3 MBB (Make-before-Break) based on multiple interfaces Terminal-Initiated handover MCP CN Active standby standby Active (Make) (Make) Active standby (Make) WiFi WiMAX Cellular MOVE 53 KRNET 2009