2016 High Plains Verticillium wilt trial results

Transcription

1 2016 High Plains Verticillium wilt trial results Dr. Terry A. Wheeler Research Plant Pathologist, Texas A&M AgriLife Research Dr. Jason E. Woodward, Extension Plant Pathologist Texas A&M AgriLife Extension Service The information given herein is for educational purposes only. Reference to commercial products or trade names is made with the understanding that no discrimination is intended and no endorsement by the Texas A&M AgriLife Extension Service, Texas A&M AgriLife Research Experiment Station and the Texas A&M System is implied.

2 The severity of Verticillium wilt is partially dependent on the weather during flowering and the boll opening time (i.e. late July through early September). In 2016, the month of July was hot, with an average high temperature for the month of 99.5 F. These high temperatures continued into August until August 12 th, and then changed dramatically for the rest of August and September (Fig. 1). As a result of these cool, wet conditions, Verticillium wilt began to show up near the end of August, and then caused substantial defoliation, even in fields with relatively low amounts of the fungus (Verticillium dahliae) in the soil. Four sites were planted in fields with a history of low to high levels of Verticillium wilt. The Plainview site had the highest amount of disease, followed by the Floydada and Ropesville sites. The Plains site had low levels of Verticillium wilt and the field was co-infested with the root-knot nematode. Air Temperature Rainfall (in) High Temperature Low Temperature Rainfall Figure 1. High and low temperatures and rainfall for Lubbock in The Plainview, Floydada, Ropesville, and Plains sites were planted on 10, 9, 21, and 21 May, respectively. Plots were 2-rows wide and 36 feet long. Cultivars were arranged in a randomized complete block design and replicated four times within a site. Each cultivar was planted at a minimum of two locations. Data collected included plant stands, incidence of wilt in late August, % defoliation in September, and lint yield. The Plainview, Floydada, Ropesville, and Plains sites were harvested on 29, 23, 16, and 13 November, respectively.

3 Table 1. Cultivar responses to Verticillium wilt near Plainview Cultivar 1 Lbs of Lint/a Plants/ Ft row Wilt Turnout BX 1734GLT 1, ST 4747GLB2 1, NG 3640XF 1, FM 1900GLT 1, PHY 223WRF 1, BX 1722GL 1, FM 2322GL PHY 243WRF FM 2484B2F AMX 1608BXF FM 1911GLT FM 2334GLT FM 1830GLT FM 2011GT ST 5115GLT CG 3226B2XF PHY 333WRF DP 1518B2XF PHY 312WRF PHY 308WRF NG 3406B2XF NG 3517B2XF PHY 222WRF ST 4949GLT NG 3405B2XF CG 3475B2XF DP 1612B2XF DP 1410B2RF BX 1773GLTP DP 1614B2XF BX 1775GLTP BX 1737GLT MSD(0.05) AMX=experimental line from Americot; BX=experimental line from Bayer CropScience; CG=Croplan Genetics; DP=Deltapine; FM=Fibermax; NG=NexGen; PHY=Phytogen; ST=Stoneville.

4 Table 2. Cultivar response to Verticillium wilt near Floydada Cultivar 1 Lbs of Lint/a Plants/ Ft row Wilt Turnout FM 2484B2F 1, FM 2322GL 1, PHY 243WRF 1, NG 4545B2XF 1, NG 3500XF 1, FM 2334GLT 1, FM 1911GLT 1, NG 4689B2XF 1, DP 1321B2RF 1, FM 1900GLT 1, BX 1774GLTP 1, FM 1830GLT 1, ST 4848GLT 1, NG 3306B2RF 1, BX 1734GLT 1, PHY 312WRF 1, FM 2007GLT 1, DP 1522B2XF 1, PHY 333WRF 1, PHY 223WRF 1, NG 3405B2XF 1, BX 1733GLT 1, NG 3699B2XF 1, BX 1738GLT 1, DP 1614B2XF 1, CG 3475B2XF 1, PHY 222WRF 1, DP 1612B2XF 1, DP 1518B2XF 1, DP 1219B2RF 1, NG 3522B2XF 1, WF 16XA7B2XF 1, BX 1776GLTP 1, MSD (0.05) AMX=experimental line from Americot; BX=experimental line from Bayer CropScience; CG=Croplan Genetics; DP=Deltapine; FM=Fibermax; NG=NexGen; PHY=Phytogen; ST=Stoneville; WF=experimental line from Croplan Genetics.

5 Table 3. Cultivar response to Verticillium wilt at a field near Ropesville Cultivar 1 Lbs of Lint/a Plants/ Ft row Wilt Turnout FM 1911GLT 1, NG 3500XF 1, BX 1735GLT 1, FM 2334GLT 1, FM 2484B2F 1, NG 3699B2XF 1, NG 4545B2XF 1, FM 1830GLT 1, BX 1736GLT 1, NG 4689B2XF 1, ST 4946GLB2 1, CG 3226B2XF 1, BX 1739GLT 1, DP 1646B2XF 1, FM 2007GLT 1, DP 1522B2XF DP 1321B2RF BX 1774GLTP PHY 487WRF BX 1738GLT PHY 495W3RF NG 3306B2RF PHY 490W3RF DP 1639B2XF PHY 333WRF ST 4848GLT BX 1733GLT DP 1359B2RF ST 6182GL DP 1410B2RF NG 3522B2XF DP 1549B2XF PHY 444WRF NG 4601B2XF NG 5007B2XF DP 1553B2XF BX 1776GLTP WF 16XA7B2XF CG 3885B2XF DP 1538B2XF MSD (0.05) AMX=experimental line from Americot; BX=experimental line from Bayer CropScience; CG=Croplan Genetics; DP=Deltapine; FM=Fibermax; NG=NexGen; PHY=Phytogen; ST=Stoneville; WF=experimental line from Croplan Genetics.

6 Table 4. Cultivar response to Verticillium wilt and Root-knot nematodes near Plains Cultivar 1 Lbs of Lint/a Plants/ Ft row Wilt Turnout 2 RK/500 cm 3 soil RK 3 Rating DP 1558NRB2RF 1, cd R ST 4747GLB2 1, bcd S ST 4946GLB2 1, d R NG 3640XF 1, ,920 abc S NG 3500XF 1, ,080 abc S DP 1646B2XF 1, a-d S NG 3406B2XF 1, ,240 abc S DP 1553B2XF 1, d S DP 1549B2XF 1, a-d S DP 1639B2XF 1, a-d S DP 1538B2XF 1, a-d S FM 2484B2F 1, ,240 abc S PHY 333WRF 1, abc S PHY 487WRF 1, d R BX 1735GLT 1, bcd R PHY 308WRF 1, a-d R BX 1722GL 1, a-d S AMX 1608B2XF 1, ,520 abc S NG 5007B2XF 1, cd S FM 1830GLT 1, a-d S ST 5115GLT 1, ,000 abc S DP 1359B2RF 1, ,960 ab S ST 4949GLT 1, ,360 a-d S CG 3885B2XF 1, a-d S ST 6182GLT 1, bcd S FM 1911GLT 1, a-d S BX 1773GLTP 1, ,360 abc S NG 3517B2XF 1, ,240 abc S PHY 444WRF 1, ,600 abc S BX 1739GLT 1, abc S PHY 490W3FE 1, ,080 abc S BX 1736GLT 1, ,920 a-d R PHY 495W3RF 1, a-d S FM 2334GLT 1, ,200 abc S BX 1775GLTP 1, ,280 a S BX 1737GLT 1, ,120 abc S MSD(0.05) AMX=experimental line from Americot; BX=experimental line from Bayer CropScience; CG=Croplan Genetics; DP=Deltapine; FM=Fibermax; NG=NexGen; PHY=Phytogen; ST=Stoneville. 2 RK=root-knot nematode. Plots were sampled late in the year, so the nematode density may not be an accurate representation of the nematode pressure that actually was present in the plot during the growing season. Means are separated based on a LOG 10 transformation of the individual plot values. Means with the same letter are not significantly different at P= RK rating=root-knot nematode rating based on nematode reproduction in previous trials, where R=resistant and S=susceptible.

7 was related to yield loss for cultivars that were susceptible to root-knot nematodes, but there was no relationship between wilt or defoliation and yield for the cultivars that had some resistance to root-knot nematodes. Yield (lbs of lint/acre) Resistant SuscepKble % DefoliaKon Resistant SuscepKble Figure 2. Relationship between defoliation and yield for root-knot nematode resistant and susceptible cultivars (Plains location). Root-knot nematode susceptible cultivars lost an average of 4.7 lbs of lint for every percent defoliation. An analysis was performed on all the varieties (not experimental lines) from Those that had yield, wilt, or defoliation consistent with the resistant check variety (FM 2484B2F) were given an a label. Those that had yield, wilt, or defoliation consistent with the susceptible check (PHY 333WRF) were given a c. Those that were better than the susceptible check, but worse than the resistant check were given a b, and those that were worse than the susceptible check were given a d. Being worse or better was statistically significant at P=0.10. The results of the analyses for relative yield, wilt, and defoliation are presented in Table 5. The best performing varieties (a s for all categories) were: NG 3500XF, ST 4747GLB2, FM 2484B2F, PHY 243WRF, and NG 4545B2XF. NG 3640XF and NG 3699B2XF also performed very well, but were only tested in The other recommended varieties were tested in multiple years.

8 Table 5. The varieties with the best relative yields during Verticillium wilt trials, and their relative wilt and defoliation ratings. Variety 1 Relative Yield Rating Yield Relative % Wilt Rating wilt Relative Rating NG 3500XF a a a DP 1558NRB2RF a a c ST 4747GLB a a a NG 3640XF a a a FM 2484B2F a a a FM 2322GL a a a DG 2615B2RF a a b PHY 243WRF a a a NG 3699B2XF a a a NG 4545B2XF a a a DP 1441RF a c a FM 2011GT b a b ST 4946GLB b b b FM 9250GL b b b NG 4111RF b b b NG 4689B2XF b a A FM 1911GLT b a a PHY 223WR b b b FM 1944GLB b a b PHY 487WRF b c c FM 9180B2F b c b FM 2007GLT b a b FM 1320GL b c b FM 1830GLT b a a DP 1522B2XF c a c FM 2334GLT b a a DP 1646B2XF c a b ST 5115GLT c a b PHY 490W3FE c c b FM 1900GLT c b b PHY 339WRF c a b PHY 308WRF c a b DP 1311B2RF c a b DP 1549B2XF c a a ST 4848GLT c a b NG 3406B2XF c c c DP 1410B2RF c b b DP 1639B2XF c a b PHY 312WRF c b b CG 3226B2XF c c A DP 0912B2RF c b b PHY 417WRF c a c

9 PHY 333WRF c c c DP 1321B2RF c b b DP 1553B2XF c a b NG 3517B2XF c a b DP 1518B2XF c b c PHY 222WRF c b c DP 1538B2XF c c c NG 5007B2XF c c c NG 2051B2RF c a b NG 1511B2RF c a c DP 1044B2RF c b a NG 3522B2XF c c c NG 3306B2RF c c c DP 1212B2RF c c c CG 3475B2XF c c c PHY 444WRF c d b CG 3885B2XF c c c DP 1219B2RF c b b DP 1359B2RF c b b ST 4949GLT c c b DP 1133B2RF c c b DP 1612B2XF c c c ST 6182GLT c c c PHY 499WRF d c c ST 5032GLT c a c PHY 427WRF d b c PHY 495W3RF d c c DP 1137B2RF d c c NG 4012B2RF c c a FM 8270GLT c a c NG 3405B2XF d a d DG 3109B2XF d a a DP 1614B2XF d b c ST 5289GLT d a a 1 CG=Croplan Genetics; DP=Deltapine; FM=Fibermax; NG=NexGen; PHY=Phytogen; ST=Stoneville.