Screencast: What is [Open] MPI? Jeff Squyres May May 2008 Screencast: What is [Open] MPI? 1. What is MPI? Message Passing Interface
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1 Screencast: What is [Open] MPI? Jeff Squyres May 2008 May 2008 Screencast: What is [Open] MPI? 1 What is MPI? Message Passing Interface De facto standard Not an official standard (IEEE, IETF, ) Written and ratified by the MPI Forum Body of academic, research, and industry representatives MPI is two spec documents: MPI-1 and MPI-2 Specified interfaces in C, C++, Fortran 77/90 May 2008 Screencast: What is [Open] MPI? 2 1
2 MPI Forum Published MPI-1 spec in 1994 Published MPI-2 spec in 1996 Additions to MPI-1 Recently reconvened (Jan 2008) Working on MPI-2.1 (small bug fixes) Will issue a single document for MPI 1+2 Also working on MPI-2.2 (bigger bug fixes) Also working on MPI-3 (entirely new stuff) May 2008 Screencast: What is [Open] MPI? 3 What is MPI? Software implementations of spec Mostly host-side software Middleware Sits between the application and network Simplifies network activity to the application Source code portability Run apps on commodity clusters and big iron supercomputers May 2008 Screencast: What is [Open] MPI? 4 2
3 MPI High-Level View May 2008 Screencast: What is [Open] MPI? 5 What is MPI? Intended to deliver very high performance Low latency, high bandwidth Examples 2 servers + switch, user-level processes DDR InfiniBand ~1-2µs half-round trip 0-byte ping pong ~14Gbps bandwidth for large messages 10Gbps Ethernet ~5-7µs half-round trip 0-byte ping pong ~10Gbps bandwidth for large messages May 2008 Screencast: What is [Open] MPI? 6 3
4 MPI Implementations Many exist / are available for customers Vendors: HP MPI, Intel MPI, Scali MPI Have their own support channels Open source: Open MPI, MPICH[2], Rely on open source community for support But also have some vendor support Various research-quality implementations Proof-of-concept Not usually intended for production usage May 2008 Screencast: What is [Open] MPI? 7 Why So Many MPI s? A complicated question Some aim to make money (closed source) Some targeted at specific platforms Others aimed at research (open source) History and politics also involved (yuck) Open MPI is a fascinating blend of research and industry May 2008 Screencast: What is [Open] MPI? 8 4
5 Target Audience Scientists and engineers Don t know or care how network works Not computer scientists Sometimes not even [very good] programmers Parallel computing Using tens, hundreds, or thousands of servers in a single computational program Intended for high-performance computing May 2008 Screencast: What is [Open] MPI? 9 Parallel Computing Use 10 s, 100 s, 1000 s of processors When the computation is too big for one server Spread the job across multiple servers Individual user processes running in concert Acting together as a single application More RAM More processing power Divide and conquer May 2008 Screencast: What is [Open] MPI? 10 5
6 MPI Abstracts the Network Sockets? Shared memory? Ethernet? InfiniBand? something else? Doesn t matter Application calls MPI_SEND / MPI_RECV The Right magic happens Connections are made automatically Sockets (IP address/port) Shared memory (e.g., mmap file) InfiniBand (queue pair setup) May 2008 Screencast: What is [Open] MPI? 11 MPI High-Level View May 2008 Screencast: What is [Open] MPI? 12 6
7 Example: 4 s Network May 2008 Screencast: What is [Open] MPI? 13 Example: 2 s Network May 2008 Screencast: What is [Open] MPI? 14 7
8 Example: 1 May 2008 Screencast: What is [Open] MPI? 15 Runtime MPI implementations also include a runtime environment Need to start processes on multiple servers simultaneously Typically requires some user-level setup Common source of errors May 2008 Screencast: What is [Open] MPI? 16 8
9 Trivial MPI Application May 2008 Screencast: What is [Open] MPI? 17 Trivial MPI Application MPI_Send() MPI_Recv() Process 3 to=0 from=2 MPI_Recv() Process 0 to=1 from=3 MPI_Send() Process 1 to=2 from=0 MPI_Recv() MPI_Send() MPI_Send() Process 2 to=3 from=1 MPI_Recv() May 2008 Screencast: What is [Open] MPI? 18 9
10 Open MPI YAMPI (yet another MPI) but not really Replaces several prior MPI s Collaborate = great MPI implementation What a concept! Lots of MPI-smart people out there Open source project Influenced by both research and industry Research / academia Industry May 2008 Screencast: What is [Open] MPI? 19 It s two words! Open MPI Open MPI NOT OpenMPI Frequently abbreviated OMPI Pronounced oom-pee May 2008 Screencast: What is [Open] MPI? 20 10
11 Open MPI Fundamentally based on plugins A.k.a. components or modules Plugins for everything Back-end resource manager Back-end network Back-end checkpointer etc. Currently ~30 types of plugins in Open MPI Recurring theme: run-time decisions May 2008 Screencast: What is [Open] MPI? 21 Plugin High-Level View Modular Component Architecture (MCA) May 2008 Screencast: What is [Open] MPI? 22 11
12 Resources MPI Forum Open MPI General web site: FAQ: Magazine columns about MPI May 2008 Screencast: What is [Open] MPI? 23 May 2008 Screencast: What is [Open] MPI? 24 12
Screencast: What is [Open] MPI?
![Screencast: What is [Open] MPI?](/thumbs/83/88531215.jpg "Screencast: What is [Open] MPI?")
Screencast: What is [Open] MPI? Jeff Squyres May 2008 May 2008 Screencast: What is [Open] MPI? 1 What is MPI? Message Passing Interface De facto standard Not an official standard (IEEE, IETF, ) Written
Screencast: Basic Architecture and Tuning
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