Operacijski sustavi. Laboratorijska vježba 3. Petra Lončar, mag. ing. el., asistent FESB, 2016.

Size: px
Start display at page:

Download "Operacijski sustavi. Laboratorijska vježba 3. Petra Lončar, mag. ing. el., asistent FESB, 2016."

Transcription

1 Operacijski sustavi Laboratorijska vježba 3 Petra Lončar, mag. ing. el., asistent ploncar@fesb.hr FESB, 2016.

2 Višedretvenost svaki proces ima svoj adresni prostor i jednu kontrolnu dretvu ideja višedretvenog programiranja - program sastavljen od više jedinica koje se samostalno mogu izvoditi princip rada više dretvi koje se izvršavaju unutar jednog procesa je analogan radu više istovremenih procesa na jednom računalu često se nazivaju lightweight procesi operacijski sustav upravlja redoslijedom izvođenja dretvi u višeprocesorskom sustavu dretve se mogu izvoditi i istovremeno komunikacija među dretvama se obavlja preko zajedničkog adresnog prostora, te se može obaviti bez uplitanja operacijskog sustava u situacijama kad koristimo više dretvi u jednom procesu govorimo o višedretvenosti ili multithreading-u sve dretve unutar jednog procesa dijele isti adresni prostor, dakle dijele globalne varijable sve dretve (unutar nekog procesa) dijele isti skup otvorenih datoteka, procesa djece, alarma i signala itd.

3 Proces adresni prostor Dretve adresni prostor

4 SVOJSTVENO POJEDINOM PROCESU adresni prostor globalne varijable procesi djeca tekući alarmi signali i rukovoditelji signalima otvorene datoteke SVOJSTVENO POJEDINOJ DRETVI programski brojač registri stog stanje

5 Prednosti (UNIX) dretvi postoje unutar procesa i koriste njegove resurse imaju svoj nezavisni redoslijed izvršavanja dok god postoji roditeljski proces i dozvoljava operativni sustav repliciraju samo esencijalne resurse one koji su potrebni za nezavisno raspoređivanje jednostavnije stvaranje i uništavanje dretve su lake (eng. lightweight) većina režijskih troškova se ostvari prilikom stvaranja roditeljskog procesa ostatak resursa dijeli zajednički sa ostalim dretvama istog procesa Nedostaci (UNIX) dretvi zbog dijeljenja resursa, ono što jedna dretva obavi nad dijeljenim resursima će biti vidljivo u svim ostalim dretvama tog procesa npr., ukoliko jedna dretva zatvori datoteku, to će vidjeti sve dretve unutar procesa mogućnost istovremenog pristupa podacima zahtijeva eksplicitnu sinkronizaciju u programskom kodu sva čitanja iz istih podatka i sva pisanja po istim podacima

6 kao i procesi dretve se mogu naći u sljedećim stanjima: aktivna blokirana spremna završena

7 POSIX (Portable Operating System Interface Unix) je zajednički naziv za skupinu IEEE standarda kojima se definira sučelje za programiranje (API) softvera usklađenog s različitim izvedenicama operacijskog sustava UNIX službena oznaka je IEEE 1003, a naziv međunarodnog standarda je ISO/IEC 9945 POSIX niti ili Pthreads - biblioteka koja omogućuje jednostavno stvaranje višedretvenog programa današnji sustavi imaju podršku za Pthreads pthreads - skup C tipova podatka i funkcija, opisanih u biblioteci pthread.h pthreads - primjena kod paralelnog programiranja upotreba: #include <pthread.h> prevođenje: gcc/g++ -pthread pogledati man threads

8 Stvaranje dretvi int pthread_create(pthread_t *thread, const pthread_attr_t *attr, void *(*start_routine) (void *), void *arg); - pthread_create kreira novu dretvu i omogućava njeno izvršavanje - argumenti: thread vraća thread ID (pthread_t je predefinirani unsigned long int) attr adresa strukture koja sadrži podatke o atributima s kojima se želi stvoriti dretvu; ukoliko je postavljen na NULL, defaultne vrijednosti (najčešće) void * (*start_routine) pokazivač na thread funkciju koju će novostvorena dretva imati kao početnu *arg adresa parametra koji se prenosi dretvi (može biti NULL ako se ništa ne prenosi); u slučaju potrebe prijenosa više parametara oni se pohranjuju u strukturu te se šalje pokazivač na tu strukturu - funkcija vraća: 0 ako je uspješno izvršena; neki drugi broj ako nije uspješno izvršena (broj označava grešku do koje je došlo tijekom izvršavanja funkcije)

9 Završetak rada dretvi svaka dretva može završiti svoj rad na nekoliko načina: završetkom funkcije nad kojom je pokrenuta dretvu pozivom pthread_exit funkcije - bez obzira da li posao dretve završen ili ne dretva je opozvana od strane druge dretve pozivom pthread_cancel funkcije prekidom procesa, pozivom funkcija exec ili exit zbog završetka funkcije main ako se završi funkcija main, a nije eksplicitno pozvala funkciju pthread_exit void pthread_exit(void *retval); - eksplicitno zaustavlja dretvu - argumenti: pokazivač na status dretve, tako da može signalizirati drugim dretvama da je njezino izvođenje završeno

10 int pthread_join(pthread_t thread, void **retval); - čeka na završetak druge dretve - argumenti: thread ID dretve na čiji završetak treba čekati retval vrijednost koju vraća funkcija thread (NULL) - atributi su objekti kojima se može uticati na: politiku raspoređivanja i prioritiziranja da li je dretva detached ili joinable eksplicitno upravljanje stack-om - atributi se stvaraju i uništavaju sa: pthread_attr_init(attr) pthread_attr_destroy(attr)

11 int pthread_cancel ( pthread_t thread ); - poništava dretvu - funkcija prima: identifikator dretve koju je potrebno poništiti

12 jedna dretva može kreirati proizvoljan broj drugih dretvi ukupan broj dretvi ograničen je samo od strane OS-a ne postoji hijerahijski odnos među dretvama sve dretve su međusobno jednake (eng. peers)

13 Primjer: #include <pthread.h> #include <stdio.h> #include <stdlib.h> #define NUM_THREADS 5 void *PrintHello(void *threadid) { long tid; tid = (long)threadid; printf("hello World! It's me, thread #%ld!\n", tid); pthread_exit(null); } int main (int argc, char *argv[]) { pthread_t threads[num_threads]; int rc; long t; for(t=0; t<num_threads; t++){ printf("in main: creating thread %ld\n", t); rc = pthread_create(&threads[t], NULL, PrintHello, (void *)t); if (rc){ printf("error; return code from pthread_create() is %d\n", rc); exit(-1); } } pthread_exit(null); }

14 Terminal prozor

15 WIN32 CreateProcess() funkcija za stvaranje procesa CreateThread() funkcija za stvaranje dretvi

16 Zadatak: 1. Napisati program koji računa sumu dva niza i rezultat sprema u treći niz. Broj kreiranih dretvi treba biti jednak broju elemenata niza, svaka dretva treba zbrajati elemente istog indeksa u nizovima. C[i] = A[i] + B[i] npr Dretva 1 Dretva2

PARALELNO PROGRAMIRANJE

PARALELNO PROGRAMIRANJE Predavanje 09 Odjel za matematiku 1 PARALELNO PROGRAMIRANJE POSIX threadovi za C++ Predavanje 09 Odjel za matematiku 2 Programske niti (thread) unutar procesa Danas ćemo se upoznati s POSIX thread bibliotekom

More information

POSIX threads CS 241. February 17, Copyright University of Illinois CS 241 Staff

POSIX threads CS 241. February 17, Copyright University of Illinois CS 241 Staff POSIX threads CS 241 February 17, 2012 Copyright University of Illinois CS 241 Staff 1 Recall: Why threads over processes? Creating a new process can be expensive Time A call into the operating system

More information

CS240: Programming in C. Lecture 18: PThreads

CS240: Programming in C. Lecture 18: PThreads CS240: Programming in C Lecture 18: PThreads Thread Creation Initially, your main() program comprises a single, default thread. pthread_create creates a new thread and makes it executable. This routine

More information

CS333 Intro to Operating Systems. Jonathan Walpole

CS333 Intro to Operating Systems. Jonathan Walpole CS333 Intro to Operating Systems Jonathan Walpole Threads & Concurrency 2 Threads Processes have the following components: - an address space - a collection of operating system state - a CPU context or

More information

CS510 Operating System Foundations. Jonathan Walpole

CS510 Operating System Foundations. Jonathan Walpole CS510 Operating System Foundations Jonathan Walpole Threads & Concurrency 2 Why Use Threads? Utilize multiple CPU s concurrently Low cost communication via shared memory Overlap computation and blocking

More information

pthreads Announcement Reminder: SMP1 due today Reminder: Please keep up with the reading assignments (see class webpage)

pthreads Announcement Reminder: SMP1 due today Reminder: Please keep up with the reading assignments (see class webpage) pthreads 1 Announcement Reminder: SMP1 due today Reminder: Please keep up with the reading assignments (see class webpage) 2 1 Thread Packages Kernel thread packages Implemented and supported at kernel

More information

Agenda. Process vs Thread. ! POSIX Threads Programming. Picture source:

Agenda. Process vs Thread. ! POSIX Threads Programming. Picture source: Agenda POSIX Threads Programming 1 Process vs Thread process thread Picture source: https://computing.llnl.gov/tutorials/pthreads/ 2 Shared Memory Model Picture source: https://computing.llnl.gov/tutorials/pthreads/

More information

Programiranje Programski jezik C. Sadržaj. Datoteke. prof.dr.sc. Ivo Ipšić 2009/2010

Programiranje Programski jezik C. Sadržaj. Datoteke. prof.dr.sc. Ivo Ipšić 2009/2010 Programiranje Programski jezik C prof.dr.sc. Ivo Ipšić 2009/2010 Sadržaj Ulazno-izlazne funkcije Datoteke Formatirane datoteke Funkcije za rad s datotekama Primjeri Datoteke komunikacija između programa

More information

CS510 Operating System Foundations. Jonathan Walpole

CS510 Operating System Foundations. Jonathan Walpole CS510 Operating System Foundations Jonathan Walpole The Process Concept 2 The Process Concept Process a program in execution Program - description of how to perform an activity instructions and static

More information

CSE 333 SECTION 9. Threads

CSE 333 SECTION 9. Threads CSE 333 SECTION 9 Threads HW4 How s HW4 going? Any Questions? Threads Sequential execution of a program. Contained within a process. Multiple threads can exist within the same process. Every process starts

More information

CS 333 Introduction to Operating Systems. Class 3 Threads & Concurrency. Jonathan Walpole Computer Science Portland State University

CS 333 Introduction to Operating Systems. Class 3 Threads & Concurrency. Jonathan Walpole Computer Science Portland State University CS 333 Introduction to Operating Systems Class 3 Threads & Concurrency Jonathan Walpole Computer Science Portland State University 1 Process creation in UNIX All processes have a unique process id getpid(),

More information

CS 333 Introduction to Operating Systems. Class 3 Threads & Concurrency. Jonathan Walpole Computer Science Portland State University

CS 333 Introduction to Operating Systems. Class 3 Threads & Concurrency. Jonathan Walpole Computer Science Portland State University CS 333 Introduction to Operating Systems Class 3 Threads & Concurrency Jonathan Walpole Computer Science Portland State University 1 The Process Concept 2 The Process Concept Process a program in execution

More information

CS Operating Systems: Threads (SGG 4)

CS Operating Systems: Threads (SGG 4) When in the Course of human events, it becomes necessary for one people to dissolve the political bands which have connected them with another, and to assume among the powers of the earth, the separate

More information

Processes, Threads, SMP, and Microkernels

Processes, Threads, SMP, and Microkernels Processes, Threads, SMP, and Microkernels Slides are mainly taken from «Operating Systems: Internals and Design Principles, 6/E William Stallings (Chapter 4). Some materials and figures are obtained from

More information

Unix. Threads & Concurrency. Erick Fredj Computer Science The Jerusalem College of Technology

Unix. Threads & Concurrency. Erick Fredj Computer Science The Jerusalem College of Technology Unix Threads & Concurrency Erick Fredj Computer Science The Jerusalem College of Technology 1 Threads Processes have the following components: an address space a collection of operating system state a

More information

CS 5523 Operating Systems: Thread and Implementation

CS 5523 Operating Systems: Thread and Implementation When in the Course of human events, it becomes necessary for one people to dissolve the political bands which have connected them with another, and to assume among the powers of the earth, the separate

More information

Pthreads: POSIX Threads

Pthreads: POSIX Threads Shared Memory Programming Using Pthreads (POSIX Threads) Lecturer: Arash Tavakkol arasht@ipm.ir Some slides come from Professor Henri Casanova @ http://navet.ics.hawaii.edu/~casanova/ and Professor Saman

More information

Operacijski sustavi. Laboratorijska vježba 2. Petra Lončar, mag. ing. el., asistent FESB, 2016.

Operacijski sustavi. Laboratorijska vježba 2. Petra Lončar, mag. ing. el., asistent FESB, 2016. Operacijski sustavi Laboratorijska vježba 2 Petra Lončar, mag. ing. el., asistent ploncar@fesb.hr FESB, 2016. Linux procesi procesi su programi koji se izvršavaju i pritom zauzimaju sredstva sustava (spremnik,

More information

Threads. Threads (continued)

Threads. Threads (continued) Threads A thread is an alternative model of program execution A process creates a thread through a system call Thread operates within process context Use of threads effectively splits the process state

More information

Threads. studykorner.org

Threads. studykorner.org Threads Thread Subpart of a process Basic unit of CPU utilization Smallest set of programmed instructions, can be managed independently by OS No independent existence (process dependent) Light Weight Process

More information

CPSC 341 OS & Networks. Threads. Dr. Yingwu Zhu

CPSC 341 OS & Networks. Threads. Dr. Yingwu Zhu CPSC 341 OS & Networks Threads Dr. Yingwu Zhu Processes Recall that a process includes many things An address space (defining all the code and data pages) OS resources (e.g., open files) and accounting

More information

Osnove programskog jezika C# Čas 5. Delegati, događaji i interfejsi

Osnove programskog jezika C# Čas 5. Delegati, događaji i interfejsi Osnove programskog jezika C# Čas 5. Delegati, događaji i interfejsi DELEGATI Bezbedni pokazivači na funkcije Jer garantuju vrednost deklarisanog tipa. Prevodilac prijavljuje grešku ako pokušate da povežete

More information

Parallel Computing: Programming Shared Address Space Platforms (Pthread) Jin, Hai

Parallel Computing: Programming Shared Address Space Platforms (Pthread) Jin, Hai Parallel Computing: Programming Shared Address Space Platforms (Pthread) Jin, Hai School of Computer Science and Technology Huazhong University of Science and Technology Thread Basics! All memory in the

More information

pthreads CS449 Fall 2017

pthreads CS449 Fall 2017 pthreads CS449 Fall 2017 POSIX Portable Operating System Interface Standard interface between OS and program UNIX-derived OSes mostly follow POSIX Linux, macos, Android, etc. Windows requires separate

More information

PREDMET. Osnove Java Programiranja. Čas JAVADOC

PREDMET. Osnove Java Programiranja. Čas JAVADOC PREDMET Osnove Java Programiranja JAVADOC Copyright 2010 UNIVERZITET METROPOLITAN, Beograd. Sva prava zadržana. Bez prethodne pismene dozvole od strane Univerziteta METROPOLITAN zabranjena je reprodukcija,

More information

CS 3305 Intro to Threads. Lecture 6

CS 3305 Intro to Threads. Lecture 6 CS 3305 Intro to Threads Lecture 6 Introduction Multiple applications run concurrently! This means that there are multiple processes running on a computer Introduction Applications often need to perform

More information

Preview. What are Pthreads? The Thread ID. The Thread ID. The thread Creation. The thread Creation 10/25/2017

Preview. What are Pthreads? The Thread ID. The Thread ID. The thread Creation. The thread Creation 10/25/2017 Preview What are Pthreads? What is Pthreads The Thread ID The Thread Creation The thread Termination The pthread_join() function Mutex The pthread_cancel function The pthread_cleanup_push() function The

More information

Modern Computer Architecture. Lecture 10 Multi-Core: pthreads, OpenMP Segmented Scan

Modern Computer Architecture. Lecture 10 Multi-Core: pthreads, OpenMP Segmented Scan Modern Computer Architecture Lecture 10 Multi-Core: pthreads, OpenMP Segmented Scan Outline Multi-Core: pthreads OpenMP Segmented Scan 2 Multi-Core: pthreads, OpenMP Multi- and Many-Core Systems I Tightly

More information

VRIJEDNOSTI ATRIBUTA

VRIJEDNOSTI ATRIBUTA VRIJEDNOSTI ATRIBUTA Svaki atribut (bilo da je primarni ključ, vanjski ključ ili običan atribut) može i ne mora imati ograničenja na svojim vrijednostima. Neka od ograničenja nad atributima: Null / Not

More information

POSIX Threads. HUJI Spring 2011

POSIX Threads. HUJI Spring 2011 POSIX Threads HUJI Spring 2011 Why Threads The primary motivation for using threads is to realize potential program performance gains and structuring. Overlapping CPU work with I/O. Priority/real-time

More information

Threads (SGG 4) Outline. Traditional Process: Single Activity. Example: A Text Editor with Multi-Activity. Instructor: Dr.

Threads (SGG 4) Outline. Traditional Process: Single Activity. Example: A Text Editor with Multi-Activity. Instructor: Dr. When in the Course of human events, it becomes necessary for one people to dissolve the political bands which have connected them with another, and to assume among the powers of the earth, the separate

More information

Parallelization, OpenMP

Parallelization, OpenMP ~ Parallelization, OpenMP Scientific Computing Winter 2016/2017 Lecture 26 Jürgen Fuhrmann juergen.fuhrmann@wias-berlin.de made wit pandoc 1 / 18 Why parallelization? Computers became faster and faster

More information

Operating systems fundamentals - B06

Operating systems fundamentals - B06 Operating systems fundamentals - B06 David Kendall Northumbria University David Kendall (Northumbria University) Operating systems fundamentals - B06 1 / 12 Introduction Introduction to threads Reminder

More information

CSCI4430 Data Communication and Computer Networks. Pthread Programming. ZHANG, Mi Jan. 26, 2017

CSCI4430 Data Communication and Computer Networks. Pthread Programming. ZHANG, Mi Jan. 26, 2017 CSCI4430 Data Communication and Computer Networks Pthread Programming ZHANG, Mi Jan. 26, 2017 Outline Introduction What is Multi-thread Programming Why to use Multi-thread Programming Basic Pthread Programming

More information

UNIVERZITET U BEOGRADU ELEKTROTEHNIČKI FAKULTET

UNIVERZITET U BEOGRADU ELEKTROTEHNIČKI FAKULTET UNIVERZITET U BEOGRADU ELEKTROTEHNIČKI FAKULTET Katedra za elektroniku Računarska elektronika Grupa br. 11 Projekat br. 8 Studenti: Stefan Vukašinović 466/2013 Jelena Urošević 99/2013 Tekst projekta :

More information

PROGRAMIRANJE. Amir Hajdar

PROGRAMIRANJE. Amir Hajdar PROGRAMIRANJE Amir Hajdar Teme 2 Klase i objekti u Javi Primjer kroz klasu Krug Atributi i metode Inicijalizacija objekata (konstruktori) Polymorphism Statičke varijable i metode This Klase i objekti u

More information

pojedinačnom elementu niza se pristupa imeniza[indeks] indeks od 0 do n-1

pojedinačnom elementu niza se pristupa imeniza[indeks] indeks od 0 do n-1 NIZOVI Niz deklarišemo navođenjemtipa elemenata za kojim sledi par srednjih zagrada[] i naziv niza. Ako je niz višedimenzionalni između zagrada[] se navode zarezi, čiji je broj za jedan manji od dimenzija

More information

Threads. Jo, Heeseung

Threads. Jo, Heeseung Threads Jo, Heeseung Multi-threaded program 빠른실행 프로세스를새로생성에드는비용을절약 데이터공유 파일, Heap, Static, Code 의많은부분을공유 CPU 를보다효율적으로활용 코어가여러개일경우코어에 thread 를할당하는방식 2 Multi-threaded program Pros. Cons. 대량의데이터처리에적합 - CPU

More information

CS533 Concepts of Operating Systems. Jonathan Walpole

CS533 Concepts of Operating Systems. Jonathan Walpole CS533 Concepts of Operating Systems Jonathan Walpole Introduction to Threads and Concurrency Why is Concurrency Important? Why study threads and concurrent programming in an OS class? What is a thread?

More information

Multi-threaded Programming

Multi-threaded Programming Multi-threaded Programming Trifon Ruskov ruskov@tu-varna.acad.bg Technical University of Varna - Bulgaria 1 Threads A thread is defined as an independent stream of instructions that can be scheduled to

More information

Threads. lightweight processes

Threads. lightweight processes Threads lightweight processes 1 Motivation Processes are expensive to create. It takes quite a bit of time to switch between processes Communication between processes must be done through an external kernel

More information

Lecture 4. Threads vs. Processes. fork() Threads. Pthreads. Threads in C. Thread Programming January 21, 2005

Lecture 4. Threads vs. Processes. fork() Threads. Pthreads. Threads in C. Thread Programming January 21, 2005 Threads vs. Processes Lecture 4 Thread Programming January 21, 2005 fork() is expensive (time, memory) Interprocess communication is hard. Threads are lightweight processes: one process can contain several

More information

Pthread (9A) Pthread

Pthread (9A) Pthread Pthread (9A) Pthread Copyright (c) 2012 Young W. Lim. Permission is granted to copy, distribute and/or modify this document under the terms of the GNU Free Documentation License, Version 1.2 or any later

More information

CSE 306/506 Operating Systems Threads. YoungMin Kwon

CSE 306/506 Operating Systems Threads. YoungMin Kwon CSE 306/506 Operating Systems Threads YoungMin Kwon Processes and Threads Two characteristics of a process Resource ownership Virtual address space (program, data, stack, PCB ) Main memory, I/O devices,

More information

About me Now that you know the pthread API

About me Now that you know the pthread API pthread Examples About me Now that you know the pthread API How do you create threads? How do you pass different values to them? How do you return values from threads? What are some common mistakes? Friday:

More information

Multithreaded Programming

Multithreaded Programming Multithreaded Programming The slides do not contain all the information and cannot be treated as a study material for Operating System. Please refer the text book for exams. September 4, 2014 Topics Overview

More information

Programming with Shared Memory

Programming with Shared Memory Chapter 8 Programming with Shared Memory 1 Shared memory multiprocessor system Any memory location can be accessible by any of the processors. A single address space exists, meaning that each memory location

More information

Prva recenica. Druga recenica.

Prva recenica. Druga recenica. Algoritmi i programiranje Predavanje 4 METODE LOKALNE, GLOBALNE VARIJABLE I KONSTANTE METODA je imenovani izdvojeni slijed naredbi koji rješava određeni zadatak i po potrebi se poziva jednom ili više puta

More information

Threads. What is a thread? Motivation. Single and Multithreaded Processes. Benefits

Threads. What is a thread? Motivation. Single and Multithreaded Processes. Benefits CS307 What is a thread? Threads A thread is a basic unit of CPU utilization contains a thread ID, a program counter, a register set, and a stack shares with other threads belonging to the same process

More information

CSS CSS. selector { property: value; } 3/20/2018. CSS: Cascading Style Sheets

CSS CSS. selector { property: value; } 3/20/2018. CSS: Cascading Style Sheets CSS CSS CSS: Cascading Style Sheets - Opisuje izgled (appearance) i raspored (layout) stranice - Sastoji se od CSS pravila, koji defini[u skup stilova selector { property: value; 1 Font face: font-family

More information

CSci 4061 Introduction to Operating Systems. (Threads-POSIX)

CSci 4061 Introduction to Operating Systems. (Threads-POSIX) CSci 4061 Introduction to Operating Systems (Threads-POSIX) How do I program them? General Thread Operations Create/Fork Allocate memory for stack, perform bookkeeping Parent thread creates child threads

More information

Programiranje III razred

Programiranje III razred Tehnička škola 9. maj Bačka Palanka Programiranje III razred Naredbe ciklusa for petlja Naredbe ciklusa Veoma često se ukazuje potreba za ponavljanjem nekih naredbi više puta tj. za ponavljanjem nekog

More information

EPL372 Lab Exercise 2: Threads and pthreads. Εργαστήριο 2. Πέτρος Παναγή

EPL372 Lab Exercise 2: Threads and pthreads. Εργαστήριο 2. Πέτρος Παναγή EPL372 Lab Exercise 2: Threads and pthreads Εργαστήριο 2 Πέτρος Παναγή 1 Threads Vs Processes 2 Process A process is created by the operating system, and requires a fair amount of "overhead". Processes

More information

Uputa: Zabranjeno je koristiti bilo kakva pomagala. Rje²enja pi²ete desno od zadatka. Predajete samo ovaj list.

Uputa: Zabranjeno je koristiti bilo kakva pomagala. Rje²enja pi²ete desno od zadatka. Predajete samo ovaj list. Ime i prezime: Asistent: Predava : Programiranje (C) 1. kolokvij 14. 4. 2003. 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. Uputa: Zabranjeno je koristiti bilo kakva pomagala. Rje²enja pi²ete desno od zadatka. Predajete samo ovaj

More information

CS 153 Lab4 and 5. Kishore Kumar Pusukuri. Kishore Kumar Pusukuri CS 153 Lab4 and 5

CS 153 Lab4 and 5. Kishore Kumar Pusukuri. Kishore Kumar Pusukuri CS 153 Lab4 and 5 CS 153 Lab4 and 5 Kishore Kumar Pusukuri Outline Introduction A thread is a straightforward concept : a single sequential flow of control. In traditional operating systems, each process has an address

More information

Programming Languages

Programming Languages Programming Languages Dr. Michael Petter WS 2016/17 Exercise Sheet 3 Assignment 3.1 Lockfree vs. locked programming The purpose of the following exercises is to get acquainted with the pthreads library,

More information

/*#include <iostream> // Prvi zadatak sa integralnomg ispita

/*#include <iostream> // Prvi zadatak sa integralnomg ispita /*#include // Prvi zadatak sa integralnomg ispita 27.01.2015 #include using std::setw; using std::cout; const int red(5), kolona(4); void unos(int[]); void ispis(int[][kolona]); float

More information

A Thread is an independent stream of instructions that can be schedule to run as such by the OS. Think of a thread as a procedure that runs

A Thread is an independent stream of instructions that can be schedule to run as such by the OS. Think of a thread as a procedure that runs A Thread is an independent stream of instructions that can be schedule to run as such by the OS. Think of a thread as a procedure that runs independently from its main program. Multi-threaded programs

More information

Threads. Jo, Heeseung

Threads. Jo, Heeseung Threads Jo, Heeseung Multi-threaded program 빠른실행 프로세스를새로생성에드는비용을절약 데이터공유 파일, Heap, Static, Code 의많은부분을공유 CPU 를보다효율적으로활용 코어가여러개일경우코어에 thread 를할당하는방식 2 Multi-threaded program Pros. Cons. 대량의데이터처리에적합 - CPU

More information

CS370 Operating Systems

CS370 Operating Systems CS370 Operating Systems Colorado State University Yashwant K Malaiya Fall 2017 Lecture 8 Slides based on Text by Silberschatz, Galvin, Gagne Various sources 1 1 FAQ How many partners can we cave for project:

More information

Windows Server 2012, VDI Licenciranje najprodavanijeg servera, što je novo, VDI licenciranje. Office 2013 / Office 365

Windows Server 2012, VDI Licenciranje najprodavanijeg servera, što je novo, VDI licenciranje. Office 2013 / Office 365 Windows 8 Licenciranje, razlike u verzijama Windows Server 2012, VDI Licenciranje najprodavanijeg servera, što je novo, VDI licenciranje Serverski proizvodi Server 2012, System centar 2012, SQL 2012, Sharepoint

More information

Računarske osnove Interneta (SI3ROI, IR4ROI)

Računarske osnove Interneta (SI3ROI, IR4ROI) Računarske osnove terneta (SI3ROI, IR4ROI) Vežbe MPLS Predavač: 08.11.2011. Dražen Drašković, drazen.draskovic@etf.rs Autori: Dražen Drašković Naučili ste na predavanjima MPLS (Multi-Protocol Label Switching)

More information

Threads. Today. Next time. Why threads? Thread model & implementation. CPU Scheduling

Threads. Today. Next time. Why threads? Thread model & implementation. CPU Scheduling Threads Today Why threads? Thread model & implementation Next time CPU Scheduling What s in a process A process consists of (at least): An address space Code and data for the running program Thread state

More information

Threads (light weight processes) Chester Rebeiro IIT Madras

Threads (light weight processes) Chester Rebeiro IIT Madras Threads (light weight processes) Chester Rebeiro IIT Madras 1 Processes Separate streams of execution Each process isolated from the other Process state contains Process ID Environment Working directory.

More information

Chapter 10. Threads. OS Processes: Control and Resources. A process as managed by the operating system groups together:

Chapter 10. Threads. OS Processes: Control and Resources. A process as managed by the operating system groups together: SFWR ENG 3BB4 Software Design 3 Concurrent System Design 2 SFWR ENG 3BB4 Software Design 3 Concurrent System Design 10.11 13 OS Processes: Control and Resources Chapter 10 Threads A process as managed

More information

Threads. To do. Why threads? Thread model & implementation. q q q. q Next time: Synchronization

Threads. To do. Why threads? Thread model & implementation. q q q. q Next time: Synchronization Threads To do q q q Why threads? Thread model & implementation q Next time: Synchronization What s in a process A process consists of (at least): An address space Code and data for the running program

More information

Vežbe - XII nedelja PHP Doc

Vežbe - XII nedelja PHP Doc Vežbe - XII nedelja PHP Doc Dražen Drašković, asistent Elektrotehnički fakultet Univerziteta u Beogradu Verzija alata JavaDoc za programski jezik PHP Standard za komentarisanje PHP koda Omogućava generisanje

More information

Introduction to pthreads

Introduction to pthreads CS 220: Introduction to Parallel Computing Introduction to pthreads Lecture 25 Threads In computing, a thread is the smallest schedulable unit of execution Your operating system has a scheduler that decides

More information

Scientific Computing WS 2017/2018. Lecture 25. Jürgen Fuhrmann Lecture 25 Slide 1

Scientific Computing WS 2017/2018. Lecture 25. Jürgen Fuhrmann Lecture 25 Slide 1 Scientific Computing WS 2017/2018 Lecture 25 Jürgen Fuhrmann juergen.fuhrmann@wias-berlin.de Lecture 25 Slide 1 Why parallelization? Computers became faster and faster without that... [Source: spiralgen.com]

More information

VHDLPrimeri Poglavlje5.doc

VHDLPrimeri Poglavlje5.doc 5. VHDL opis kola koja obavljaju osnovne aritmetičke funkcije Sabirači Jednobitni potpuni sabirač definisan je tablicom istinitosti iz Tabele 5.1. Tabela 5.1. cin a b sum cout 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 0 0 1 0

More information

CS-345 Operating Systems. Tutorial 2: Grocer-Client Threads, Shared Memory, Synchronization

CS-345 Operating Systems. Tutorial 2: Grocer-Client Threads, Shared Memory, Synchronization CS-345 Operating Systems Tutorial 2: Grocer-Client Threads, Shared Memory, Synchronization Threads A thread is a lightweight process A thread exists within a process and uses the process resources. It

More information

Thread. Disclaimer: some slides are adopted from the book authors slides with permission 1

Thread. Disclaimer: some slides are adopted from the book authors slides with permission 1 Thread Disclaimer: some slides are adopted from the book authors slides with permission 1 IPC Shared memory Recap share a memory region between processes read or write to the shared memory region fast

More information

Lecture 19: Shared Memory & Synchronization

Lecture 19: Shared Memory & Synchronization Lecture 19: Shared Memory & Synchronization COMP 524 Programming Language Concepts Stephen Olivier April 16, 2009 Based on notes by A. Block, N. Fisher, F. Hernandez-Campos, and D. Stotts Forking int pid;

More information

CS370 Operating Systems

CS370 Operating Systems CS370 Operating Systems Colorado State University Yashwant K Malaiya Spring 2018 Lecture 7 Threads Slides based on Text by Silberschatz, Galvin, Gagne Various sources 1 1 FAQ How many processes can a core

More information

POLITECNICO DI TORINO III Facoltà di Ingegneria dell Informazione INDUSTRIAL NETWORKS AND REAL-TIME OPERATING SYSTEMS.

POLITECNICO DI TORINO III Facoltà di Ingegneria dell Informazione INDUSTRIAL NETWORKS AND REAL-TIME OPERATING SYSTEMS. POLITECNICO DI TORINO III Facoltà di Ingegneria dell Informazione INDUSTRIAL NETWORKS AND REAL-TIME OPERATING SYSTEMS LAB 3 All Team No delivery in the laboratory. Do the exercises at home and deliver

More information

Učitati cio broj n i štampati njegovu recipročnu vrijednost. Ako je učitan broj 0, štampati 1/0.

Učitati cio broj n i štampati njegovu recipročnu vrijednost. Ako je učitan broj 0, štampati 1/0. Kontrolne naredbe Primjeri: Opšti oblik razgranate strukture (if sa ) if (uslov) Naredba 1 ili blok naredbi1 Naredba 2 ili blok naredbi2 Učitati broj x i štampati vrijednost double x, z; Scanner in=new

More information

Pthreads. Jin-Soo Kim Computer Systems Laboratory Sungkyunkwan University

Pthreads. Jin-Soo Kim Computer Systems Laboratory Sungkyunkwan University Pthreads Jin-Soo Kim (jinsookim@skku.edu) Computer Systems Laboratory Sungkyunkwan University http://csl.skku.edu The Pthreads API ANSI/IEEE POSIX1003.1-1995 Standard Thread management Work directly on

More information

Shared Address Space Programming with Pthreads. CS 5334/4390 Spring 2014 Shirley Moore, Instructor February 18, 2014

Shared Address Space Programming with Pthreads. CS 5334/4390 Spring 2014 Shirley Moore, Instructor February 18, 2014 Shared Address Space Programming with Pthreads CS 5334/4390 Spring 2014 Shirley Moore, Instructor February 18, 2014 1 Topic Overview Thread Basics The POSIX Thread API Mutual Exclusion Locks Condition

More information

Concurrency. Johan Montelius KTH

Concurrency. Johan Montelius KTH Concurrency Johan Montelius KTH 2017 1 / 32 What is concurrency? 2 / 32 What is concurrency? Concurrency: (the illusion of) happening at the same time. 2 / 32 What is concurrency? Concurrency: (the illusion

More information

Informacioni sistemi i baze podataka

Informacioni sistemi i baze podataka Fakultet tehničkih nauka, Novi Sad Predmet: Informacioni sistemi i baze podataka Dr Slavica Kordić Milanka Bjelica Vojislav Đukić Rad u učionici (1/2) Baze podataka (db2015): Studentska korisnička šema

More information

Naredbe za kontrolu toka

Naredbe za kontrolu toka Naredbe za kontrolu toka Naredbe za kontrolu toka Nakon odslušanog bit ćete u stanju: objasniti semantiku naredbi za kontrolu postupaka navesti sintaksu naredbi if, if-else i case u programskom jeziku

More information

Multicore and Multiprocessor Systems: Part I

Multicore and Multiprocessor Systems: Part I Chapter 3 Multicore and Multiprocessor Systems: Part I Max Planck Institute Magdeburg Jens Saak, Scientific Computing II 44/337 Symmetric Multiprocessing Definition (Symmetric Multiprocessing (SMP)) The

More information

ANSI/IEEE POSIX Standard Thread management

ANSI/IEEE POSIX Standard Thread management Pthread Prof. Jinkyu Jeong( jinkyu@skku.edu) TA Jinhong Kim( jinhong.kim@csl.skku.edu) TA Seokha Shin(seokha.shin@csl.skku.edu) Computer Systems Laboratory Sungkyunkwan University http://csl.skku.edu The

More information

Chapter 4 Threads. Images from Silberschatz 03/12/18. CS460 Pacific University 1

Chapter 4 Threads. Images from Silberschatz 03/12/18. CS460 Pacific University 1 Chapter 4 Threads Images from Silberschatz Pacific University 1 Threads Multiple lines of control inside one process What is shared? How many PCBs? Pacific University 2 Typical Usages Word Processor Web

More information

Oct 2 and 4, 2006 Lecture 8: Threads, Contd

Oct 2 and 4, 2006 Lecture 8: Threads, Contd Oct 2 and 4, 2006 Lecture 8: Threads, Contd October 4, 2006 1 ADMIN I have posted lectures 3-7 on the web. Please use them in conjunction with the Notes you take in class. Some of the material in these

More information

Creating Threads. Programming Details. COMP750 Distributed Systems

Creating Threads. Programming Details. COMP750 Distributed Systems Creating Threads Programming Details COMP750 Distributed Systems Thread and Process Creation Processes can be created on Unix systems in C or C++ using the fork() function. Threads can be created in C

More information

Ricardo Rocha. Department of Computer Science Faculty of Sciences University of Porto

Ricardo Rocha. Department of Computer Science Faculty of Sciences University of Porto Ricardo Rocha Department of Computer Science Faculty of Sciences University of Porto For more information please consult Advanced Programming in the UNIX Environment, 3rd Edition, W. Richard Stevens and

More information

Uvod u programiranje - vežbe. Kontrola toka izvršavanja programa

Uvod u programiranje - vežbe. Kontrola toka izvršavanja programa Uvod u programiranje - vežbe Kontrola toka izvršavanja programa Naredbe za kontrolu toka if, if-else, switch uslovni operator (?:) for, while, do-while break, continue, return if if (uslov) naredba; if

More information

What is concurrency? Concurrency. What is parallelism? concurrency vs parallelism. Concurrency: (the illusion of) happening at the same time.

What is concurrency? Concurrency. What is parallelism? concurrency vs parallelism. Concurrency: (the illusion of) happening at the same time. What is concurrency? Concurrency Johan Montelius KTH 2017 Concurrency: (the illusion of) happening at the same time. A property of the programing model. Why would we want to do things concurrently? What

More information

Sveučilište u Zagrebu PMF Matematički odsjek. Mreže računala. Vježbe 08. Zvonimir Bujanović Slaven Kožić Vinko Petričević

Sveučilište u Zagrebu PMF Matematički odsjek. Mreže računala. Vježbe 08. Zvonimir Bujanović Slaven Kožić Vinko Petričević Sveučilište u Zagrebu PMF Matematički odsjek Mreže računala Vježbe 08 Zvonimir Bujanović Slaven Kožić Vinko Petričević Uvod: (X)HTML i CSS Na ovim i idućim vježbama naučit ćemo osnove jezika za opisivanje

More information

Uputa za instaliranje programske potpore za operativni sustav WINDOWS

Uputa za instaliranje programske potpore za operativni sustav WINDOWS ZABA SignErgy Desktop aplikacija Uputa za instaliranje programske potpore za operativni sustav WINDOWS SADRŽAJ 1. UVOD 3 2. PODRŽANI OPERATIVNI SUSTAVI 3 3. PROGRAMSKI PREDUVJETI ZA INSTALACIJU PROGRAMSKE

More information

Thread Concept. Thread. No. 3. Multiple single-threaded Process. One single-threaded Process. Process vs. Thread. One multi-threaded Process

Thread Concept. Thread. No. 3. Multiple single-threaded Process. One single-threaded Process. Process vs. Thread. One multi-threaded Process EECS 3221 Operating System Fundamentals What is thread? Thread Concept No. 3 Thread Difference between a process and a thread Prof. Hui Jiang Dept of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, York University

More information

Parallel Programming with Threads

Parallel Programming with Threads Thread Programming with Shared Memory Parallel Programming with Threads Program is a collection of threads of control. Can be created dynamically, mid-execution, in some languages Each thread has a set

More information

Outline. CS4254 Computer Network Architecture and Programming. Introduction 2/4. Introduction 1/4. Dr. Ayman A. Abdel-Hamid.

Outline. CS4254 Computer Network Architecture and Programming. Introduction 2/4. Introduction 1/4. Dr. Ayman A. Abdel-Hamid. Threads Dr. Ayman Abdel-Hamid, CS4254 Spring 2006 1 CS4254 Computer Network Architecture and Programming Dr. Ayman A. Abdel-Hamid Computer Science Department Virginia Tech Threads Outline Threads (Chapter

More information

Lecture Contents. 1. Overview. 2. Multithreading Models 3. Examples of Thread Libraries 4. Summary

Lecture Contents. 1. Overview. 2. Multithreading Models 3. Examples of Thread Libraries 4. Summary Lecture 4 Threads 1 Lecture Contents 1. Overview 2. Multithreading Models 3. Examples of Thread Libraries 4. Summary 2 1. Overview Process is the unit of resource allocation and unit of protection. Thread

More information

CS 333 Introduction to Operating Systems Class 4 Concurrent Programming and Synchronization Primitives

CS 333 Introduction to Operating Systems Class 4 Concurrent Programming and Synchronization Primitives CS 333 Introduction to Operating Systems Class 4 Concurrent Programming and Synchronization Primitives Jonathan Walpole Computer Science Portland State University 1 What does a typical thread API look

More information

namespace spojneice { public partial class Form1 : Form { public Form1() { InitializeComponent(); }

namespace spojneice { public partial class Form1 : Form { public Form1() { InitializeComponent(); } Spojnice using System; using System.Collections.Generic; using System.ComponentModel; using System.Data; using System.Drawing; using System.Linq; using System.Text; using System.Windows.Forms; using System.IO;

More information

Izrada VI laboratorijske vježbe

Izrada VI laboratorijske vježbe Izrada VI laboratorijske vježbe 1. Programirati proceduru koja se aktivira sa Standard palete alatki klikom na button Fajlovi. Prilikom startovanja procedure prikazuje se forma koja sadrži jedan list box

More information

Sberbank Business Online na Mozilla FireFox

Sberbank Business Online na Mozilla FireFox Sberbank Business Online na Mozilla FireFox Verzija 1.6 Srpanj 2016. Sberbank d.d. Stranica 1 SADRŽAJ 1 INSTALACIJA... 2 2 POKRETANJE MOZILLE FIREFOX... 3 2.1 IMPORT SECURITY MODULA... 4 2.2 AUTOMATSKI

More information

LSN 13 Linux Concurrency Mechanisms

LSN 13 Linux Concurrency Mechanisms LSN 13 Linux Concurrency Mechanisms ECT362 Operating Systems Department of Engineering Technology LSN 13 Creating Processes fork() system call Returns PID of the child process created The new process is

More information