Linked Data & Semantic Web Technology.

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3 How tall are you? 5.4 ft What? for communication

4 LOD 표준은왜한가? HTML to create visible and audible web pages for human < Linked Data a way that can be read automatically by computers

5 어떤표준들이있나요? 강한표준 약한표준 Linked Data 를구축하고활용하기위해기본적으로지켜야하는 W3C 의표준들 용어집과같이필수적으로지켜야하는것들은아니지만활용성을높이기위해지켜야하는표준들

6 W3C 의 LOD 관련표준

7 Category Date Recommendation RDF Schema RDF 1.1 XML Syntax RDF 1.1 Concepts and Abstract Syntax RDF 1.1 Turtle RDF 1.1 N-Quads RDF 1.1 N-Triples RDF 1.1 Semantics RDF RDFa RDF 1.1 TriG JSON-LD 1.0 Processing Algorithms and API JSON-LD Internationalization Tag Set (ITS) Version rdf:plainliteral: A Datatype for RDF Plain Literals (Second Edition) RDF Semantics RDF Test Cases Resource Description Framework (RDF): Concepts and Abstract Syntax RDF Primer RDFa Core Second Edition XHTML+RDFa Second Edition HTML+RDFa RDFa Lite RDFa in XHTML: Syntax and Processing

8 Category Date Recommendation GRDDL Gleaning Resource Descriptions from Dialects of Languages (GRDDL) GRDDL Test Cases Protocol for Web Description Resources (POWDER): Grouping of Resources POWDER Protocol for Web Description Resources (POWDER): Description Resources Protocol for Web Description Resources (POWDER): Formal Semantics Semantic Annotation for WS DL and XML Schema Semantic Annotations for WSDL and XML Schema PROV-DM: The PROV Data Model Provenance PROV-O: The PROV Ontology Constraints of the PROV Data Model PROV-N: The Provenance Notation RDB2RDF R2RML: RDB to RDF Mapping Language A Direct Mapping of Relational Data to RDF RDF 1.1 Turtle JSON-LD 1.0 Processing Algorithms and API The RDF Data Cube Vocabulary Linked Data Data Catalog Vocabulary (DCAT) The Organization Ontology JSON-LD Internationalization Tag Set (ITS) Version 2.0

9 Category Date Recommendation RIF RDF and OWL Compatibility (Second Edition) OWL 2 Web Ontology Language Mapping to RDF Graphs (Second Edition) OWL 2 Web Ontology Language New Features and Rationale (Second Edition) OWL 2 Web Ontology Language Primer (Second Edition) OWL 2 Web Ontology Language Profiles (Second Edition) OWL 2 Web Ontology Language Quick Reference Guide (Second Edition) OWL 2 Web Ontology Language RDF-Based Semantics (Second Edition) OWL 2 Web Ontology Language Structural Specification and Functional-Style Syntax (Second Edition) OWL Web Ontology Language OWL 2 Web Ontology Language XML Serialization (Second Edition) OWL 2 Web Ontology Language Conformance (Second Edition) OWL 2 Web Ontology Language Direct Semantics (Second Edition) rdf:plainliteral: A Datatype for RDF Plain Literals (Second Edition) OWL 2 Web Ontology Language Document Overview (Second Edition) OWL Web Ontology Language Overview OWL Web Ontology Language Guide OWL Web Ontology Language Reference OWL Web Ontology Language Semantics and Abstract Syntax OWL Web Ontology Language Test Cases OWL Web Ontology Language Use Cases and Requirements

10 Category Date Recommendation SKOS SKOS Simple Knowledge Organization System Reference SPARQL Query Results XML Format (Second Edition) SPARQL 1.1 Entailment Regimes SPARQL 1.1 Graph Store HTTP Protocol SPARQL 1.1 Protocol SPARQL 1.1 Query Language SPARQL 1.1 Service Description SPARQL SPARQL 1.1 Update SPARQL 1.1 Federated Query SPARQL 1.1 Overview SPARQL 1.1 Query Results CSV and TSV Formats SPARQL 1.1 Query Results JSON Format SPARQL Query Language for RDF SPARQL Protocol for RDF RIF Basic Logic Dialect (Second Edition) RIF Core Dialect (Second Edition) RIF Rule Interchange Format RIF RDF and OWL Compatibility (Second Edition) RIF Datatypes and Built-Ins 1.0 (Second Edition) RIF Framework for Logic Dialects (Second Edition) RIF Production Rule Dialect (Second Edition)

11 기술적아키텍쳐관점에서의표준 more vocabulary for describing properties and classes a vocabulary for describing properties and classes of RDF-based resources to exchange rules between many "rules languages" a protocol and query language for semantic web data sources an elemental syntax for content structure within documents a simple language for expressing data models, which refer to objects ("resources") and their relationships a string of characters used to identify a name or a resource

12 URI (Uniform Resource Identifier) name Myungjin Lee resident registration number identifier identifier in the web

13 XML (Extensible Markup Language) 사람뿐만아니라기계가읽을수있는형태로데이터의구조를기술하기위한마크업언어 (markup language) XML representation of Myungjin Lee is Suji s husband. <conjugalrelation> <husband>myungjin Lee</husband> <wife>suji</wife> </conjugalrelation> <conjugalrelation husband= Myungjin Lee > <wife>suji</wife> </conjugalrelation> <conjugalrelation husband= Myungjin Lee wife= Suji /> same contents, but different representation We need a general method for conceptual description.

14 RDF (Resource Description Framework) 웹에존재하는개체 ( 자원 ) 에대한정보를개념적으로기술하기위한방법 has wife Subject URI reference Predicate URI reference Object URI reference or Literal Triple

15 RDF Serialization N-Triples RDF Test Cases, W3C Recommendation, 25 February 2014 a line-based, plain text serialization format for storing and transmitting RDF data Notation 3 (N3) a shorthand non-xml serialization of RDF models, designed with human-readability in mind much more compact and readable than XML RDF notation Turtle (Terse RDF Triple Language) W3C Candidate Recommendation, 25 February 2014 a format for expressing data in the Resource Description Framework (RDF) data model a subset of Notation3 (N3) language, and a superset of the minimal N-Triples format RDF/XML W3C Recommendation, 25 February 2014 an XML syntax for writing down and exchanging RDF graphs

16 N-Triple < < "Tony Benn". < < "Wikipedia". dc: < < dc:title "Tony Benn"; dc:publisher "Wikipedia". RDF/XML <rdf:rdf xmlns:rdf=" xmlns:dc=" <rdf:description rdf:about=" <dc:title>tony Benn</dc:title> <dc:publisher>wikipedia</dc:publisher> </rdf:description> </rdf:rdf> rdf: dc: ex: < < dc:title "RDF/XML Syntax Specification (Revised)" ; ex:editor [ ex:fullname "Dave Beckett"; ex:homepage < ].

17 RDFS (RDF Schema) 자원에대한정보를기술할수있는클래스 (class) 와속성 (property) 같은구조를정의하기위한방법 Male subset of Person subset of Female is a is a has wife

18 OWL (Web Ontology Language) 온톨로지를만들기위해지식을기술하기위한언어 RDFS 에비해더많은표현력을필요로할경우, 예를들어, Man Woman = Ø Person descendant Person descendant Person descendant Husband 1:1 Wife

19 SPARQL RDF 를위한질의언어가왜필요한가? RDF 형태로구축된데이터로부터원하는지식을획득하기위한방법을제공 SPARQL Protocol and RDF Query Language RDF 형태로저장된데이터를검색하고처리하기위한방법을제공 HTTP 를통해질의를처리할수있는방법을제공 PREFIX foaf: < SELECT?name? WHERE {?person a foaf:person.?person foaf:name?name.?person foaf:mbox? . } RDF Knowledge Base?name Myungjin Lee Gildong Hong Grace Byun? mjlee@li-st.com gildong@daum.net grace@naver.com

20 R2RML RDB to RDF Mapping Language W3C Recommendation 27 September 2012 관계형데이터베이스에저장된데이터를 RDF 형태로변환하기위한목적의맵핑규칙언어 rr: ex: < R2RML <#TriplesMap1> rr:logicaltable [ rr:tablename "EMP" ]; rr:subjectmap [ rr:template " rr:class ex:employee; ]; rr:predicateobjectmap [ rr:predicate ex:name; rr:objectmap [ rr:column "ENAME" ]; ]. Result < rdf:type ex:employee. < ex:name "SMITH".

21 RDFa (the Resource Description Framework in attributes) W3C Recommendation, 07 June 2012 HTML, SVG, and XML 과같은웹문서에서기계가읽고처리할수있는형태로데이터를기술하기위한방법을제공 Example<p vocab=" resource="#manu" typeof="person"> My name is <span property="name">manu Sporny</span> and you can give me a ring via <span property="telephone"> </span>. <img property="image" src=" /> </p>

22 GRDDL (Gleaning Resource Descriptions from Dialects of Languages) XHTML 을포함하여 XML 문서형태로 RDF 트리플을수집및생성하기위한마크업형식 HTML <html xmlns:grddl=' grddl:transformation="glean_title.xsl getauthor.xsl"> <head> <title>are You Experienced?</title> </head> glean_title.xsl... <xsl:stylesheet version="1.0"> <xsl:template match="/"> <rdf:rdf xmlns:rdf=" <rdf:description rdf:about="{$subject}"> <dc:title> <xsl:value-of select="/html:html/html:head/html:title"/> </dc:title> </rdf:description> </rdf:rdf> </xsl:template> </xsl:stylesheet> RDF <rdf:rdf> <rdf:description rdf:about=""> <dc:title>are You Experienced?</dc:title> </rdf:description> </rdf:rdf>

23 LOD 프로세스관점에서의표준 6 활용 데이터베이스 3 변환 RDB2RDF SPARQL 5 발행 서비스개발자 LOD 프레임워크 1 온톨로지모델링 RDFS, OWL 2 인스턴스구축 4 저장 RDF 트리플저장소

24 LOD 에서의역할들 데이터구축 LOD 서비스구축 응용서비스개발 사용자 데이터접근 서비스접근 모델링 발행 데이터조회 저장 변환

25 데이터구축자관점에서의표준 RDF RDF Serialization 모델링도구 RDF 변환 온톨로지모델링 RDFS & OWL 데이터베이스 데이터구축자 변환규칙작성 R2RML URI & RDF

26 LOD 서비스구축자관점에서의표준 Linked Data Platform 트리플저장소 데이터연계 LOD 서비스프레임워크 발행 RDF 적재 RDF 개발? 도입? LOD 서비스 RDF Serialization SPARQL LOD 서비스제공자 URI & RDF

27 서비스제공자관점에서의표준 URI 관련표준은기본 RDF 관련표준역시기본 RDFS 는기본, OWL 은그만큼의표현력이필요하다면 RDB2RDF 는필요에따라 SPARQL 은필수 추가적으로 LDP 에대한표준도거의필수

28 서비스제공자들이흔히놓치는표준 Describing Linked Datasets with the VoID Vocabulary 데이터셋을만들었으면기본적인설명은필수! Cool URIs for the Semantic Web 단순한 URI 표준이라고우습게보지마라. Content Negotiation 등꼭알아야할정보들이많다. Protocol 로써의 SPARQL HTTP 를활용한 SPARQL 의지원

29 응용서비스개발자관점에서의표준 URI RDF 응용서비스개발자 SPARQL SPARQL LOD 서비스 Query Result SPARQL Query Result Format URI & RDF 응용서비스개발자

30 응용서비스개발자관점에서의표준 역시기본적인 RDF에대한이해는필수 더잘쓰려면 SPARQL 정도는 데이터답게쓰려면구조를이해해야하니 RDFS와 OWL에대한이해도있다면 그외에는필요에따라

31 알아야할표준이너무많아요. 개인적인에의하면, 기본적인내용의표준 RDF Primer RDF 1.1 Semantics RDF Test Cases 그외표준들 문법적인내용의표준 RDF 1.1 Concepts and Abstract Syntax RDF 1.1 XML Syntax RDF 1.1 Turtle RDF 1.1 N-Triples RDF 1.1 Turtle

32 약한표준 데이터의웹에서반드시따라야하는규약은아니지만, 보다데이터를잘활용할수있도록지원하기위해통상적으로활용되는용어집들

33 약한표준까지지켜야하나? 김하늘 foaf:name 이하은 foaf:name foaf:name 홍길동 이명진 moniker 사람들의이름을얻기위해서는? 서비스개발자 cb /clubpenguin/images/d/d9/bunch_of_5_carrots.png

34 약한표준의적용방법 온톨로지모델링및데이터구축시범용어휘집의적극적인도입검토 인터링킹 (interlinking) 을통한용어들사이의관계정의 foaf:person owl:equivalentclass 사람 owl:equivalentclass 어떤용어집을재사용할수있을까? schema:person

35 W3C 의표준은필수 범용적용어집은덤으로

36 Dr. Myungjin Lee mjlee@li-st.com Facebook : SlideShare : Linkedin :