Slovak Style Guide. Published: June, Microsoft Slovak Style Guide

Transcription

1 Slovak Style Guide Published: June, 2017 Microsoft Slovak Style Guide

2 Contents 1 Welcome About this style guide Recommended style references Microsoft voice Choices that reflect Microsoft voice Flexibility Word choice Word-to-word translation Words and phrases to avoid Sample Microsoft voice text Address the user to take action Promote a feature Provide how-to guidelines Explanatory text and support Language-specific standards Grammar, syntax and orthographic standards Abbreviations Acronyms Adjectives Anglicisms Articles Capitalization Compounds Conjunctions Gender Localizing colloquialism, idioms, and metaphors Nouns Prepositions Pronouns Microsoft Slovak Style Guide Page 2 of 62

3 Punctuation Sentence fragments Subjunctive Symbols & nonbreaking spaces Verbs Passive and gerund Localization considerations Accessibility Applications, products, and features Trademarks Geopolitical concerns Software considerations Keyboard shortcuts Arrow keys Command button Dialog box title Error messages Keys List box Numeric keypad Shortcut keys Tooltips Translation of references to user interface English pronunciation Slovak pronunciation Accent Microsoft Slovak Style Guide Page 3 of 62

4 1 Welcome A guide to the Microsoft voice in Slovak 2 About this style guide This style guide is intended for the localization professional working on localized products that run on a Microsoft platform. It s not intended to be a comprehensive coverage of all localization practices, but to highlight areas where Microsoft has specific preferences or deviates from standard practices for Slovak localization. The primary goal of this guide is to help you understand and learn how to address all of the necessary linguistic and stylistic nuances of Slovak during the localization of your products and services. The style guide covers guidelines and recommendations for translating the Microsoft voice into Slovak including words, grammatical structures, the needs of the audience, and the intent of the text that are to be considered. Each of these areas is supplemented with samples. Other language considerations covered in this style guide are accessibility, trademarks, geopolitical concerns and specific software considerations. We welcome your feedback, questions and concerns regarding the style guide. Please send your feedback via Microsoft Language Portal. 2.1 Recommended style references Unless this style guide or the Microsoft Language Portal provides alternative instructions, use the orthography, grammar, and terminology in the following publications: Normative references When more than one solution is possible, consult the other topics in this style guide for guidance. Microsoft Slovak Style Guide Page 4 of 62

5 1. Slovníky slovenského jazyka ( 2. Pravidlá slovenského pravopisu ( 3. Slovník cudzích slov ( 4. Synonimický slovník slovenčiny( Microsoft User interface reference A helpful reference is the Windows User Experience Interaction Guidelines. 3 Microsoft voice Microsoft s brand personality comes through in our voice and tone what we say and how we say it. The design of Microsoft products, services, and experiences hinges on crisp simplicity. Three principles form the foundation of our voice: Warm and relaxed: We re natural. Less formal, more grounded in honest conversations. Occasionally, we re fun. (We know when to celebrate.) Crisp and clear: We re to the point. We write for scanning first, reading second. We make it simple above all. Ready to lend a hand: We show customers we re on their side. We anticipate their real needs and offer great information at just the right time. The Microsoft voice targets a broad set of users from technology enthusiasts and casual computer users. Although content might be different for different audiences, the principles of Microsoft voice are the same. However, Microsoft voice also means keeping the audience in mind. Choose the right words for the audience: use technical terms for technical audiences, but for consumers use common words and phrases instead. These key elements of Microsoft voice should extend across Microsoft content for all language locales. For each language, the specific choices in style and tone that produce Microsoft voice are different. The following guidelines are relevant for US English as well as many other languages. Guidelines Keep the following guidelines in mind: Write short, easy-to-read sentences. Avoid passive voice it s difficult to read and understand quickly. Microsoft Slovak Style Guide Page 5 of 62

6 Be pleasant and ensure that explanations appear individualized. Avoid slang and be careful with colloquialisms it s acceptable to reassure and connect with customers in a conversational tone, but be professional in doing so. 3.1 Choices that reflect Microsoft voice Translating into Slovak in a way that reflects Microsoft voice means choosing words and grammatical structures that reflect the same style as the source text. It also means considering the needs of the audience and the intent of the text. The general style should be clear, friendly and concise. Use language that resembles conversation observed in everyday settings as opposed to the formal, technical language that s often used for technical and commercial content. However, being friendly does not mean using overly colloquial language; always maintain a professional tone. When you re localizing source text written in Microsoft voice, feel free to choose words that aren t standard translations if you think that s the best way to stay true to the intent of the source text. Because Microsoft voice means a more conversational style, literally translating the source text may produce target text that s not relevant to customers. To guide your translation, consider the intent of the text and what the customer needs to know to successfully complete the task. Traditionally, very formal language was used in Slovak localized material. But people in Slovak don t use such formal words and phrases in everyday conversation. People in Slovakia welcome the Microsoft voice initiative so the IT language can become more user-friendly. If you feel Microsoft terminology is not applicable to Microsoft voice, then you can send a query to Microsoft if you can use other terms instead. Intent is the feeling that the text is conveying to the user. Literally translating source text written in the Microsoft voice may produce target text that s not relevant to customers Flexibility It s important for translators to modify or rewrite translated strings so that they are more appropriate and natural to Slovak customers. Try to understand the whole intention of the sentences, paragraphs, and pages, and then rewrite as if you are writing the content yourself. It will make the content more perfect for Slovak users. Sometimes, you may need to remove any unnecessary content. Microsoft Slovak Style Guide Page 6 of 62

7 English example Plus you control who sees what. Fa-la-la-la-la! 'Tis the season to be jolly, join the chorus, and don your most festive apparel. And don't forget to decorate your PC with colorful ornaments, gold ribbon, and candles for this joyous time by downloading this free holiday Windows 10 theme for your desktop. Slovak example Zároveň môžete ľubovoľne obmedziť prístup k jednotlivým súborom. Rolničky, rolničky, ktože vám dal hlas? Zaspievajte si tiež a oprášte svoj najsviatočnejší odev. Nezabudnite pritom ozdobiť aj svoj počítač farebnými ozdobami, zlatou stuhou a sviečkami, ktoré vám pripomenú tieto sviatky. Na pracovnú plochu stačí prevziať bezplatný sviatočný motív pre systém Windows Word choice Terminology Use terminology from the Microsoft Language Portal where applicable, for example key terms, technical terms, and product names. Short word forms and everyday words Microsoft voice text written in US English prefers short, simple words spoken in everyday conversations. In English, shorter words are friendlier and less formal. Short words also save space on screen and are easier to read quickly. Precise, well-chosen words add clarity, but it s important to be intentional about using everyday words that customers are accustomed to. The following table lists some common words that are used for Microsoft voice in US English. en-us word App Pick, choose Drive en-us word usage Use app instead of application or program. Use pick in more fun, less formal or lightweight situations ("pick a color," not "choose a color") and choose for more formal situations (don t use select unless necessary for the UI). For general reference to any drive type (hard drive, CD drive, external hard drive, etc.). Use specific drive type if necessary. Microsoft Slovak Style Guide Page 7 of 62

8 Get Info PC You Fine to use as a synonym for "obtain" or "come into possession of" but avoid for other general meanings. Use in most situations unless information better fits the context. Use info when you point the reader elsewhere ("for more info, see <link>"). Use for personal computing devices. Use computer for situations about PCs and Macs. Don t switch between PC and computer. Address the user as you, directly or indirectly through the use of first- and second-person pronouns like "you." Avoid third-person references, such as "user," as they sound formal and impersonal. For information on localizing you, see the section Pronouns. The same relates to Slovak translations. As people naturally tend to shorten long words making them simple to remember and pronounce, the new style reflects these tendencies. The following table contains some target terms examples that may be interchanged in translations with the following synonyms. Use them according to the given context. en-us source term Slovak word Slovak synonyms and their usage data údaje dáta - use especially for data related to programming. For personal data use "údaje" , ovať, ovať, ový, ový, mailový, mejlový, mailovať, mejlovať mobile mobilný telefón mobil ID (gender is neuter) to ID ID identifikácia Adjective: identifikačný Use shorter and simpler words and phrases where possible. Shorter words are more conversational, save space on screen, and are easier to scan. If shorter translation equals correct translation, then go for it. However, if a translation is short but awkward, then it s safer to use a longer translation. It s recommended to use everyday words rather than complicated words and phrases. Microsoft Slovak Style Guide Page 8 of 62

9 en-us source term Invite Via Slovak formal word/phrase Pozvať prostredníctvom prostredníctvom u, internetu Slovak Microsoft voice word/phrase pozvať cez cez , cez internet contact obráťte sa na kontaktujte find/see vyhľadať potrebné informácie prečítať si following nasledovný tento forward poslať ďalej preposlať PC počítač PC (neuter) stream vysielať prúd údajov streamovať Top najobľúbenejší/najpoužívanejší Top (f.e. Top zdarma) reset obnoviť pôvodné nastavenie resetovať Word-to-word translation For a more fluent translation, avoid word-to-word translation. If words are translated directly without overall understanding of the paragraph or the page, the content will not be natural and may even appear ridiculous, and our customers will not come again. Strict word-to-word translation makes the tone stiff and unnatural. Split the text into different sentences, if necessary, to simplify. Omit descriptors to make the text snappier. English text Correct Slovak translation Incorrect Slovak translation Get the inside scoop from Windows Operations President Steven Sinofsky and his team on their Building Windows 10 blog. The only way to stop downloading these important updates is to uninstall Windows Essentials. Nahliadnite za oponu spolu s prevádzkovým riaditeľom systému Windows Stevenom Sinofským a jeho tímom a prečítajte si ich blog Vytváranie systému Windows 10. Preberanie týchto dôležitých aktualizácií môžete zastaviť jedine odinštalovaním balíka Windows Essentials. Získajte pohľad zvnútra od prevádzkového riaditeľa systému Windows, Stevena Sinofského a jeho tímu, v blogu Tvorba systému Windows 10. Jediný spôsob, ako môžete zastaviť preberanie týchto dôležitých aktualizácií, je odinštalovanie balíka Windows Essentials. Microsoft Slovak Style Guide Page 9 of 62

10 Video chat while you share photos in Skype Internet Explorer 9 not only loads sites quickly, but it also lets you put your favorite sites oneclick away. Do I need to sign in with a Microsoft account to use OneDrive? Podeľte sa o fotografie cez Skype a pritom sa porozprávajte cez video Internet Explorer 9 nielen rýchlo načítava lokality, ale od vašich obľúbených lokalít vás teraz delí len jedno kliknutie. Vyžaduje sa na používanie OneDrivu prihlásenie pomocou konta Microsoft? Konverzujte cez video počas zdieľania fotografií v službe Skype Internet Explorer 9 nielen rýchlo načíta lokality, ale svoje obľúbené lokality môžete mať vzdialené len na jedno kliknutie. Potrebujem prihlásenie s kontom Microsoft na používanie služby OneDrive? Words and phrases to avoid Microsoft voice avoids an unnecessarily formal tone. The following table lists US English words that add formality without adding meaning, along with more common equivalents. en-us word/phrase to avoid Preferred en-us word/phrase Achieve As well as Attempt Configure Encounter Execute Halt Have an opportunity However Give/provide guidance, give/provide information In addition In conjunction with Do Also, too Try Set up Meet Run Stop Can But Help Also With Microsoft Slovak Style Guide Page 10 of 62

11 Locate Make a recommendation Modify Navigate Obtain Perform Purchase Refer to Resolve Subsequent Suitable Terminate Toggle Utilize Find Recommend Change Go Get Do Buy See Fix Next Works well End Switch Use The following table lists US English words, words or phrases to avoid in Slovak, and recommended equivalent words or phrases that convey the Slovak Microsoft voice. en-us source Slovak word to avoid Slovak word/phrase Follow the steps below Postupujte podľa nasledovných krokov Postupujte takto Installing... Prebieha inštalácia... Inštaluje sa... You may find... nachádzať (kde sa nachádza) nájsť (kde nájdete) mentioned above/below nižšie/vyššieuvedené je uvedené nižšie/vyššie...helps you... poskytnúť informácie, poskytnúť postup pomôcť (guide) Microsoft Slovak Style Guide Page 11 of 62

12 3.2 Sample Microsoft voice text The source and target phrase samples in the following sections illustrate the intent of the Microsoft voice Address the user to take action US English Slovak target Explanation The password isn t correct, so please try again. Passwords are casesensitive. This product key didn t work. Please check it and try again. All ready to go Would you like to continue? Give your PC a name any name you want. If you want to change the background color, turn high contrast off in PC settings. Heslo nie je správne, skúste to znova. V heslách sa rozlišujú malé a veľké písmená. Tento kód Product Key je nesprávny. Skontrolujte ho a zadajte ho znova. Všetko je pripravené! Chcete pokračovať? Pomenujte svoj počítač, ako len chcete. Farbu pozadia môžete zmeniť po vypnutí vysokého kontrastu v nastavení PC. The user has entered an incorrect password so provide the user with a short and friendly message with the action to try again. The user has entered incorrect product key. The message casually and politely asks the user to check it and try again. Casual and short message to inform user that setup has completed, ready to start using the system. Use of the second person pronoun "you" to politely ask the user if they would like to continue. Address the user directly using the second person pronoun to take the necessary action Promote a feature US English Slovak target Explanation Picture password is a new way to help you protect your touchscreen PC. You choose the picture and the gestures you use with it to create a password that s uniquely yours. Obrázkové heslo je novým spôsobom ochrany počítačov s dotykovou obrazovkou. Vyberte obrázok a gestá, ktoré s ním chcete použiť, a vytvorte jedinečné heslo, ktoré bude iba vaše. Promoting a specific feature with the use of em-dash to emphasis the specific requirements to enable the feature which in this situation is picture password. Microsoft Slovak Style Guide Page 12 of 62

13 Let apps give you personalized content based on your PC s location, name, account picture, and other domain info. Získajte z aplikácií prispôsobený obsah na základe geografickej polohy svojho počítača, mena, obrázka konta a ďalších informácií o doméne. Promoting the use of apps. Depending on the context of the string you can add familiarity to the text by using everyday words for example, PC Provide how-to guidelines US English Slovak target Explanation To go back and save your work, click Cancel and finish what you need to. To confirm your current picture password, just watch the replay and trace the example gestures shown on your picture. Prejdite naspäť a uložte svoju prácu kliknutím na tlačidlo Zrušiť. Môžete dokončiť, čo potrebujete. Na potvrdenie aktuálneho obrázkového hesla pozorujte jeho opätovné prehratie a sledujte vzorové gestá, ktoré sa zobrazia na vašom obrázku. Short and clear action using the second person pronoun. Voice is simple and natural. The user isn t overloaded with information; we tell them only what they need to know to make a decision Explanatory text and support US English Slovak target Explanation The updates are installed, but Windows 10 Setup needs to restart for them to work. After it restarts, we ll keep going from where we left off. If you restart now, you and any other people using this PC could lose unsaved work. This document will be automatically moved to the right library and folder after you correct invalid or missing properties. Aktualizácie sú nainštalované. Reštartujte Inštalátor systému Windows 10, aby sa použili. Po jeho reštartovaní sa bude pokračovať v mieste prerušenia. Ak reštartujete počítač teraz, neuloženú prácu môžete stratiť vy aj všetci ostatní používatelia tohto PC. Po oprave neplatných alebo chýbajúcich vlastností sa dokument automaticky presunie do správnej knižnice a priečinka. The language is natural, the way people talk. In this case voice is reassuring, letting the user know that we re doing the work. Use of "we" provides a more personal feel. Voice is clear and natural informing the user what will happen if this action is taken. Voice talks to the user informatively and directly on the action that will be taken. Microsoft Slovak Style Guide Page 13 of 62

14 Something bad happened! Unable to locate downloaded files to create your bootable USB flash drive. Niekedy to nejde ľahko. Stiahnuté súbory na vytvorenie spustiteľného USB kľúča sa nepodarilo nájsť. Without complexity and using short sentences inform the user what has happened. 4 Language-specific standards Information about Slovak-specific standards, such as phone number formats, date formats, currency formats, and measurement units are available from the GoGlobal Developer Center. 4.1 Grammar, syntax and orthographic standards This section includes information on how to apply the general language and syntax rules to Microsoft products, online content, and documentation Abbreviations Common abbreviations You might need to abbreviate some words in the UI (mainly buttons or options names) due to lack of space. This can be done in the following ways: List of common abbreviations: Expression Acceptable abbreviation napríklad kilometer meter a podobne napr. km m a pod. to jest t. j. číslo č. sekunda/sekúnd s (especially in software where the number of seconds can be dynamically changed) Microsoft Slovak Style Guide Page 14 of 62

15 minúta/minút hodina/hodín min. (especially in software where the number of minutes can be dynamically changed) hod. (especially in software where the number of hours can be dynamically changed) Don t create abbreviations which may be confusing or ambiguous. If you re in doubt how to create an abbreviation, contact your language moderator. In some cases there might be English abbreviation used that should be translated using full localized word, for example, "cc" should be localized as kópia Acronyms Acronyms are words made up of the initial letters of major parts of a compound term. Common examples are WYSIWYG (What You See Is What You Get), DNS (Domain Name Server), and HTML (Hypertext Markup Language). Localized acronyms In Slovak localized material we usually don t localize acronyms. If you want to create a localized acronym consult it with your language moderator. However, there can be some special situation where localizing acronym is desirable, f. e. the world organization name that s generally used in localized verion as well as its acronym or some parts of country names. Examples: en-us source Slovak target UN Macao SAR OSN (Organizácia spojených národov Macao, OAO (Osobitná administratívna oblasť) Unlocalized acronyms Examples: en-us source Slovak target CD DNS CD DNS Microsoft Slovak Style Guide Page 15 of 62

16 PC USB OLE SMS MMS VPN Wi-fi HTML SMTP IP PC USB OLE SMS MMS VPN Wi-fi HTML SMTP IP Usage of some abbreviations In Microsoft voice descriptor follows the abbreviation. en-us source text sk-sk classic text sk-sk modern text info informácie info USB device, USB key, USB port, PIN, SIM card zariadenie USB, kľúč USB, port USB, kód PIN, kľúč PIN, karta SIM USB zariadenie, USB kľúč, USB port, Pin kľúč, Pin kód, Sim karta, SMS správa SMS SMS správa Adjectives In Slovak handle adjectives in the following manner. We can create adjectives following en-us source words/phrases, for example, internet internetový, ový. Creating adjectives from the product names: Microsoft Slovak Style Guide Page 16 of 62

17 In less official phrases/sentences for example, in error messages or in UA or in some software strings it might be safe to create adjectives from some product names that can be declined in all grammatical cases, i.e.: wordový dokument, powerpointová prezentácia/snímka/šablóna, accessová databáza, excelová tabuľka, excelový pracovný hárok, facebookoví priatelia, facebooková skupina, twitterová diskusia, outlookový dokument, etc. Important: Avoid creating product name adjectives such as: excelovská tabuľka, wordovský dokument, etc. If the product name contains also the word Microsoft (for example, Microsoft PowerPoint) then a product name adjective CAN T be created. IMPORTANT: In case product name adjectives are placed at the beginning of the sentence or standalone phrase, always use the uppercase starting letter. However, according to the Slovak grammar rules if such adjectives are used in the middle of sentences, always use the lowercase starting letter. en-us source Slovak target Word Excel Access Twitter Facebook Skype wordový dokument excelový hárok accessová databáza twitterová diskusia facebooková skupina skypový, skypová, skypové Don t create the adjective from the Visio product name. Possessive adjectives The frequent use of possessives is a feature of English language. In Slovak there is one special possessive adjective that s often wrongly used svoj/váš. In case the possessive adjective is related to the grammar subject of the sentence, use svoj. Microsoft Slovak Style Guide Page 17 of 62

18 F. e. Preneste svoje údaje do cloudu. (you re the subject of the sentence and data are related/belong to you). Kontaktujte svojho správcu siete. Zvážte svoje možnosti. In case the (grammar) subject of the sentence is different, use váš. F. e. Vaše údaje boli prenesené do cloudu. (the subject of the sentence is "údaje" not you). Vo vašom počítači sme objavili vírus. Online as adverb and adjective. en-us source text sk-sk classic text sk-sk modern text online, on-line online, on-line (as an adjective) online, on-line (as an adverb) offline, off-line Some of the items can t be exported because they are headers and you re offline. v režime online, on-line v režime offline, off-line Niektoré položky nie je možné exportovať, pretože ide o hlavičky a vy pracujete v režime offline. Sprístupniť dokumenty online NOTE: Term "Online" should be placed after an expression when online has a function of an adverb (príslovka). The same is valid for the term "offline." online formulár, online služby, online hry, online verzia, etc. NOTE: Term "Online" should be placed in front of an expression when "online" is functioning as an adjective (vo funkcii prídavného mena). The same is valid for the term "offline." Online, On-line Offline, Off-line Niektoré položky nie je možné exportovať, pretože sú to hlavičky a vy pracujete offline Anglicisms The following table contains examples of anglicisms which are used improperly as well as the correct translations of the corresponding strings: Microsoft Slovak Style Guide Page 18 of 62

19 Source text Incorrect translation Correct translation Author(s) Autor (ri) Autori Page(s) Strana (y) Strany Tabs provide easy way to supplement the text with a horizontal line. Tabulátory poskytujú ľahkú cestu na doplnenie textu vodorovnou čiarou. Tabulátory umožňujú jednoduchým spôsobom doplniť text vodorovnou čiarou Articles General considerations Unlocalized feature names Microsoft product names and non-translated feature names are used without definite or indefinite articles in English language. Since the Microsoft voice usage, we started to decline most of the product names (details in Applications, products and features topic). In case the product/feature name is not declined, it s better to use descriptor. As for the non-translated feature names the descriptor usage is desirable. Examples: en-us source Slovak target Power View Office Lens funkcia Power View aplikácia Office Lens Localized feature names Translated feature names must follow the approved translation on the Microsoft Language Portal Capitalization In Slovak language capitalization rules differ from the English rules. In English, many words start with capital letters even though they are neither titles nor proper names. Microsoft Slovak Style Guide Page 19 of 62

20 Translators should use capital starting letter only in cases word/phrase/expression is a title, product name, feature name or a proper name. There are also many terms on Microsoft Language Portal that are marked as proper nouns for En-US source but in context they are supposed to be localized using lower case, for example, "Address Book" should be localized as "adresár." In case there is some specific reason (for example, graphical) localized string/word/phrase can follow English source all caps or no caps style. Example: en-us source text Wrong translation Correct translation Click Update Now to update Microsoft ActiveMovie Control Ak chcete aktualizovať Ovládací prvok ActiveMovie od spoločnosti Microsoft, kliknite na tlačidlo Aktualizovať. Ak chcete aktualizovať ovládací prvok ActiveMovie od spoločnosti Microsoft, kliknite na tlačidlo Aktualizovať. The following are always spelt with a capital letter in Slovak: en-us source Slovak target Help Clipboard Briefcase License Agreement Recycle Bin Pomocník Schránka Aktovka Licenčná zmluva Kôš Prázdny kôš, Plný kôš Humanlike names such as Pomocník and Sprievodca are inflected as the names of persons, i.e. nájdete v Pomocníkovi, otvorte Sprievodcu." Moreover, the word Internet is not capitalized in Slovak, which is a fairly frequent error in translations. Example: Microsoft Slovak Style Guide Page 20 of 62

21 en-us source Slovak target Internet internet Compounds Compounds should be understandable and clear to the user. Avoid overly long or complex compounds. Keep in mind that unintuitive compounds can cause intelligibility and usability issues. Translating compounds is often a challenge for translators. When translating compounds, it s important to understand the meaning of the whole phrase. It s important to identify what word/s is/are important in the whole phrase. If in doubt, get back to your product team contact to get additional information regarding the string meaning. Example: en-us source text Wrong Slovak translation Correct Slovak translation Remote Installation Services Vzdialené inštalačné služby Služby vzdialenej inštalácie Conjunctions For en-us Microsoft voice, conjunctions can help convey a conversational tone. Starting a sentence with a conjunction can be used to convey an informal tone and style. If the Slovak language the usage of conjunctions at the beginning of the sentence is generally considered as inappropriate, but in case you want to achieve more formal style or emphasize part of the sentence, you may place some conjunctions at the beginning, but avoid overusage. en-us source text To continue click the Next button. Slovak old use of conjunctions Na pokračovanie kliknite na tlačidlo Ďalej. Slovak new use of conjunctions Ak chcete pokračovať, kliknite na tlačidlo Ďalej. If a source sentence uses conjunctions to convey Microsoft voice localize into sk-sk using common Slovak sentence structures. To convey sk-sk Microsoft voice try to avoid awkward usage of contractions. See the following table. Microsoft Slovak Style Guide Page 21 of 62

22 en-us source text sk-sk old use of conjunctions sk-sk new use of conjunctions And finally, we need to find out a few things about the new IIS Virtual Server we will create... Ešte potrebujeme zistiť niekoľko údajov o novom vytváranom virtuálnom serveri IIS. Ak napríklad budete inštalovať zariadenie typu PnP neskôr, systém Windows ho nemusí byť schopný nainštalovať, pretože toto nastavenie nebude k dispozícii. Ak chcete v počítači nastaviť rozpoznávanie reči, potrebné informácie nájdete v téme Nastavenie rozpoznávania reči. Existuje niekoľko rôznych spôsobov, ako prepojiť počítače v domácnosti. Ak chcete získať Pomocníka, stlačte kláves F1. Pre/Na získanie Pomocníka stlačte kláves F1. Note: This is incorrect. Pri neskoršej inštalácii zariadenia typu PnP môže inštalácia prostredníctvom systému Windows zlyhať, pretože toto nastavenie nebude k dispozícii. Informácie potrebné na nastavenie rozpoznávania reči nájdete v téme Nastavenie rozpoznávania reči. Existuje niekoľko rôznych spôsobov prepojenia počítačov v domácnosti. Pomoc získate stlačením klávesu F Gender Unlike in English, in Slovak terms that come originally from English like software, application, device, component, do have gender, i.e. they are classified as masculine, feminine or neuter. Often used gender depends on usage of the domesticated term. For example, application is considered female gender, software is considered masculine gender. There might be some terms that have ambiguous gender. For example, some people feel that term Windows is masculine (ten Windows) whereas other people feel Windows should be used in plural (tie Windowsy). In such cases term is consulted with the Slovak Language Body. Examples: Microsoft Slovak Style Guide Page 22 of 62

23 en-us source Slovak target Windows PC ten Windows (masculine) to PC (neuter) Localizing colloquialism, idioms, and metaphors The Microsoft voice allows for the use of culture-centric colloquialisms, idioms and metaphors (collectively referred to "colloquialism"). Choose from the following options to express the intent of the source text appropriately. Don t attempt to replace the source colloquialism with a Slovak colloquialism that fits the same meaning of the particular context unless it s a perfect and natural fit for that context. Translate the intended meaning of the colloquialism in the source text (as opposed to literally translating the original colloquialism in the source text), but only if the colloquialism s meaning is an integral part of the text that can t be omitted. If the colloquialism can be omitted without affecting the meaning of the text, omit it. Localizers should be very careful when translating English "cool" phrases and idioms into Slovak. There is a huge difference between "official" and colloquial language in Slovak. When it comes to specific product language people tend to be conservative. Phrases like Yay, That s great!, Whoops, etc. literaly localized into Slovak might sound very artificial. en-us source text sk-sk old text sk-sk new text Working on it Please bear with us. Uploads are limited to 100MB. Got something smaller? Still stuck? Limit súborov na nahratie je 100 MB. Súbor na nahratie musí mať menej ako 100 MB. Stále máte problém? Note: Avoid turning en-us humor to phrase that might blame the user. Pracujeme na tom Chvíľu strpenia, prosím. Limit súborov na nahratie je 100 MB. Máte niečo menšie? Stále nič nepomáha? Microsoft Slovak Style Guide Page 23 of 62

24 When you lock your PC Keď zamknete svoj počítač Keď zamknete svoje PC Whoops, something went wrong and we can't send that text message at the moment. Ejha, niečo nevyšlo a my v tomto momente nevieme poslať túto textovú správu. Ľutujeme, ale vyskytol sa problém a textová správa sa momentálne nedá odoslať Nouns General considerations A noun tells us what someone or something is called. Nouns are the names we give to people, things, places, etc. in order to identify them Inflection Nouns can be inflected in Slovak. The Slovak language has the following cases: Examples: en-us source Slovak target Nominative case Genitive case Dative case Accusative case Locative case Instrumental case kto? čo? Chlap, ženy koho? čoho? Chlapa, žien komu? čomu? Chlapovi, ženám koho? čo? Chlapa, ženy (o) kom?, (o) čom? O chlapovi, o ženách (s) kým?, (s) čím? Chlapom, ženami Plural formation When declining adjectives remember the basic rule of writing nominative plural case: Example: Connected clients en-us source Pripojení klienti Slovak target Microsoft Slovak Style Guide Page 24 of 62

25 Prepositions Be aware of proper preposition use in translations. Many translators, influenced by the English language, omit them or change the word order. In case of one letter prepositions use nonbreaking space (if applicable). There are two tricky preposition that are often used incorrectly na/pre. Use pre in case something is meant to be done for someone or something has happened due to someone/some reason/aim. Use na in case something is considered to be done. licencia pre používateľov nefunguje pre chybu Slovak expression Na spustenie inštalácie musíte zadať prihlasovacie údaje. Comment license bought for the user (someone) the reason to start the installation For sk-sk we don t particularly use the prepositions to convey the Microsoft voice. However, there are some Microsoft voice and general rules and recommendations regarding prepositions. Nowadays many people make mistakes when using the prepositions na and pre. If in doubt contact your language moderator and/or the language body Jazykovedný ústav Ľudovíta Štúra Using preposition pre when translating phrases like Perform an action to accomplish something or Click Finish to use the existing name should be avoided. Using preposition na should be also avoided, using preposition pre is restricted in sentences describing how to do something. There are some cases though, when preposition na can be used. In some cases incorrect usage of preposition in a sentence can be replaced by using conjunction instead. Sometimes it s just the opposite and using the preposition is a better choice rather than using the conjunction. See the table below. Microsoft Slovak Style Guide Page 25 of 62

26 en-us source text Click Finish to use the existing name. To display a complete list of the add-ons on your computer, click All add-ons. sk-sk use of prepositions/conjunctions to be avoided Pre vytvorenie novej šablóny postupujte takto: Pre/Na použitie súčasného názvu kliknite na tlačidlo Dokončiť. Ak chcete pridať obrázky, použite toto tlačidlo. Pre pridanie obrázkov použite toto tlačidlo. Ak sa pokúšate inštalovať Pre problémy s tlačiarňou kontaktujte pracovníkov technickej podpory. Pre/na zobrazenie kompletného zoznamu doplnkov v počítači kliknite na položku Všetky doplnky. Ak chcete kresliť, písať, strihať, etc., použite tento nástroj. sk-sk modern use of prepositions/conjunctions Ak chcete vytvoriť novú šablónu, postupujte takto: Ak chcete použiť súčasný názov, kliknite na tlačidlo Dokončiť. Na pridanie obrázkov použite toto tlačidlo. Pri inštalácii Pri problémoch s tlačiarňou kontaktujte pracovníkov technickej podpory. Kliknutím na položku Všetky doplnky zobrazíte kompletný zoznam doplnkov v počítači. Na kreslenie, písanie, strihanie, etc. použite tento nástroj Pronouns See the topic about the possessive adjectives as those are in Slovak language named as possessive pronouns. The sk-sk Microsoft voice can be conveyed similarly through the use of first-person and second-person (I, me, you, we). Passive addressing používateľ (third person) should be avoided. Microsoft Slovak Style Guide Page 26 of 62

27 sk-sk old user reference Používatelia môžu meniť čas inštalácie nových aktualizácií. Používateľ môže na prihlásenie použiť svoje meno a heslo. Ak sa vyskytne takáto chyba Zapamätať heslo používateľa Neodporúča sa inštalácia týchto balíkov s kodekmi. Tabuľka bola skrátená. Údaje sa stratili. Alert me about documents... Allow anyone to call me sk-sk new user reference Čas inštalácie nových aktualizácií môžete meniť vy sami. Na prihlásenie môžete použiť svoje meno a heslo. Ak sa stretnete s takýmto problémom Zapamätať si moje heslo Neodporúčame inštaláciu týchto balíkov s kodekmi. Ľutujeme, ale tabuľka bola skrátená. Údaje sa stratili. Upozorniť ma na dokumenty... Volať mi môže hocikto If the second person can t be used, then use the passive voice. In English, possessive pronouns (such as "your data," "your table," etc.) occur more frequently due to the addressing of the user. In the Slovak target text, we deem the respective pronouns redundant. Where they can t be omitted, their correct form is to be used (svoj, svoja, svoje): en-us source text sk-sk not preferred sk-sk modern use Please insert the CD into your CD-ROM drive. Please type your full name to the below field. Vložte prosím disk do vašej mechaniky CD-ROM. Do poľa napíšte vaše celé meno. Vložte disk CD do mechaniky CD-ROM. Do poľa napíšte svoje celé meno Punctuation Slovak uses the following punctuation: period (.), exclamation mark (!), question mark (?), comma (,), semicolon (;), colon (:), suspension points ( ), quotation marks ( ), parentheses (), en dash ( ), hyphen (-), slash (/), apostrophe ('). Some punctuation marks are also used to express arithmetic formulas (. = multiplication, : = division, - = subtraction, decimal comma, etc.). At present, punctuation is often misused as a result of the influence of different graphic systems, for example, English. Microsoft Slovak Style Guide Page 27 of 62

28 Comma Misplacing a comma may have an adverse effect on the meaning of a sentence. In the Slovak language, commas have the following functions: separating sentence elements (for example, nouns, modifiers, or phrases), separating subordinate clauses, offsetting appositive, etc. In these cases, the comma is followed by a space. Moreover, in Slovak, commas separate decimal values, in which case they are not followed by a space. Colon Colons introduce sentences/clauses or their parts, which develop previous text (for example, examples, enumerations). They often introduce direct speech and are followed by a space character. Example: Vykonajte nasledujúce kroky: Dashes and hyphens The en-dash should be used to emphasize an isolated element or introduce an element that s not essential to the meaning conveyed by the sentence, to separate the range of numbers (f. e. years). Do remember use space before and after the dash. Example: The en dash is also used as a minus sign, usually with spaces before and after. Do use: en-dash (U+2013) Don t use: a hyphen in this case (U+002D) and don t use the em-dash. A hair space (U+200A) should be used before and after the en-dash. Hyphen The hyphen is used in Slovak to link parts of a compound word (f. e. čierno-biely), compound words made by number and a word (3-slovné), names consisting of more words (Ján-Adam) or to split the word at the end of the sentence. Microsoft Slovak Style Guide Page 28 of 62

29 Ellipses (suspension points) Three periods have to be used, any other number is defective. If a sentence ends in an ellipsis, there s no fourth period. There s no space between the preceding word and the ellipsis, yet if an ellipsis marks the omission of a part of a sentence, the ellipsis is separated by a space on both sides. Example: US English Slovak target Comment Čo dodať... / Čo dodať.. / Čo dodať... Čo dodať In English, suspension points can also be used in enumerations. In Slovak, however, colon should be used instead: Source text With Microsoft Word, you can... Translation (+) V programe Microsoft Word môžete: Period Period (.) is used at the end of a sentence that makes a statement. There is no space between the last letter and the period. Use one space between the period and the first letter of the next sentence. A period is used after abbreviations, for example, č., napr., as well as after ordinal numbers using numerals e. g. v 3. odseku. Periods are not used in acronyms, for example, USB, SEČ. There are often strings that create a sentence and yet they are not ended by a period in the en-us source. If in doubt on how to localize such strings/sentences consult your LocKit and/or your production team. If in doubt regarding using periods, consult with your language moderator and/or Slovak Language Body (Jazykovedký Ústav Ľudovíta Štúra) or Slovak grammar rules publication Pravidlá slovenského pravopisu. Quotation marks Correct Slovak quotation marks are (lower 99 (Alt ), upper 66 (Alt ). Quotation marks in Slovak are used in these cases: Microsoft Slovak Style Guide Page 29 of 62

30 Direct speech Quotations Irony Emphasize certain attributed word within context Quotation marks are not used: To emphasize names of products, events, documents, UI items, etc. To emphasize parts of documents, chapters, Help topics, etc. within a context Note that English style is not to be followed with regards to quotation marks usage. In English quotation marks are tend to be overused. In Slovak language we rarely use them to emphasize certain words or phrases, software parts etc. Examples: Incorrect Okno zatvoríte kliknutím na tlačidlo OK. Na stránke Definovať tlačidlá napájania a zapnúť ochranu heslom vyberte Correct Okno zatvoríte kliknutím na tlačidlo OK. Na stránke Definovať tlačidlá napájania a zapnúť ochranu heslom vyberte In Slovak language we never use English quotation marks (") and the simple quotations marks ( and ) are used only to highlight quotation nested inside other quotation. Example: Incorrect Rozdiely medzi pojmami "inovácia"a "aktualizácia" Correct Rozdiely medzi pojmami inovácia a aktualizácia Parentheses In Slovak, there is no space between the parentheses and the text inside them. Example: US English Install Microsoft Communicator 2013 (Beta Refresh) Slovak target Nainštalovať program Microsoft Communicator 2013 (Beta Refresh) Microsoft Slovak Style Guide Page 30 of 62

31 Parentheses will be more used in En-Us sources as a part of English Voice to provide more additional info or context. When localizing avoid using parentheses instead use commas or split text into more sentences. Use parentheses only when nothing else can be done. Example: US English source text Avoid Correct AutoRecover saves more than your files. It also saves your workspace (if it can). Funkcia Automatické obnovenie nechráni len vaše súbory, ale aj pracovný priestor (ak je to možné). Funkcia Automatické obnovenie nechráni len vaše súbory, ale ak je to možné, chráni aj pracovný priestor Sentence fragments For the Microsoft voice, use of sentence fragments helps convey a conversational tone. They are used whenever possible as they are short and to the point. In Slovak language sentence fragments are not naturally used instead of full sentences. When localizing source sentence fragments try to turn the fragment into Slovak sentences. Sentence fragments might be possibly used in titles or if followed by another sentence/s. US English source text Here is how: Slovak long form Použite tento postup na Postupujte podľa nasledovných krokov Ako na to: Slovak sentence fragment Subjunctive The subjunctive is used in subordinate clauses to express a wish, emotion, possibility, judgment, opinion, necessity, or action that has not yet occurred. The function of English subjunctive mood is held up by conditional mood in Slovak. Example: US English Unless it s necessary that you run a particular service, you should disable it. Slovak target Pokiaľ nie je potrebné, aby sa spúšťala konkrétna služba, mali by ste ju zakázať. Microsoft Slovak Style Guide Page 31 of 62

32 Symbols & nonbreaking spaces % Symbols like the percent sign are post-positioned and separated by a nonbreaking space. Nonbreaking spaces should be used after prepositions, conjunctions and between numerals and units of measurement. Examples: US English Slovak target 50 % 50 (nonbreaking space) % 20 cm 20 (nonbreaking space) cm Hardware and software Hardvér a(nonbreaking space) softvér Verbs For US English Microsoft voice, verb tense helps to convey the clarity of Microsoft voice. Simple tenses are used. The easiest tense to understand is the simple present, like we use in this guide. Avoid future tense unless you re describing something that will really happen in the future and the simple present tense is inapplicable. Use simple past tense when you describe events that have already happened. When translating into Slovak be guided by the English source. When translating use the natural sentence construction. Slovak syntax is flexible therefore there are often more ways how create a sentence. Examples: US English Meeting has been canceled. You're cancelling a single event that s part of a series. Sorry, something went wrong. Slovak target Schôdza bola zrušená. Rušíte jednu udalosť, ktorá je súčasťou radu. Ľutujeme, vyskytla sa chyba. If necessary, simple present can be localized using simple future. Microsoft Slovak Style Guide Page 32 of 62

33 Example: US English Accepts all changes in document, ignoring filter settings. Slovak target Prijme všetky zmeny v dokumente bez ohľadu na nastavenie filtra. Mainly for UI items it s sometimes difficult to be sure whether the verb should be localized using infinitive, second person plural or third person. If in doubt, contact the product team to get additional info about the string/strings. Example: US English Slovak target There are several ways how the string could be localized depending on the context: Go to the next insertion, deletion, or comment TOOLTIP: Prejde na ďalšiu vloženú alebo odstránenú položku alebo komentár MENU ITEM: Prejsť na ďalšiu vloženú alebo odstránenú položku alebo komentár COMMAND: Prejdite na ďalšiu vloženú alebo odstránenú položku alebo komentár 4.2 Passive and gerund Where the use of a reflexive pronoun does not impair the correctness and intelligibility of the text and complies with the other rules, it s correct to translate the passive constructions by means of reflexive verbs or to use the active where the agent is known. Examples: US English Incorrect translation Correct translation Installation has been cancelled by the user. Was the bitmap printed properly? Inštalácia bola zrušená používateľom. Bola bitová mapa vytlačená správne? Používateľ zrušil inštaláciu. Vytlačila sa testovacia bitová mapa správne? Microsoft Slovak Style Guide Page 33 of 62

34 We've signed you out because you're using an outdated version of Skype. Boli ste odhlásení, lebo máte starú verziu Skypu. Odhlásili sme vás, pretože používate zastaranú verziu Skypu. In cases where the other rules apply, however, the passive form is to be preserved or another method is to be applied. Examples: US English Incorrect translation Correct translation This system library was created by the PointPublishing feature. Issued By: (-) Vydal: (Gender here is masculine, so this is why this translation is not totally suitable for all genders. Therefore, it might be more easy to use more neutral translation, see the Correct translation column) Táto systémová knižnica bola vytvorená pomocou funkcie PointPublishing. (+) Vydavateľ: Statements of progressive actions expressed in the English source text by means of a gerund are to be translated into Slovak by means of reflexive verbs. Examples: US English Incorrect translation Correct translation Installing components... Prebieha inštalácia súčastí... Inštalujú sa súčasti... Printing... Tlačenie... Tlačí sa... 5 Localization considerations Localization means that the translated text needs to be adapted to the local language, customs and standards. The language in Microsoft products should have the "look and feel" of a product originally written in Slovak using idiomatic syntax and terminology, while at the same time maintaining a high level of terminological consistency, so as to guarantee the maximum user experience and usability for our customers. Microsoft Slovak Style Guide Page 34 of 62

35 5.1 Accessibility Accessibility options and programs are designed to make the computer usable by people with cognitive, hearing, physical, or visual disabilities. Hardware and software components engage a flexible, customizable user interface, alternative input and output methods, and greater exposure of screen elements. General accessibility information can be found at Applications, products, and features Product and application names are often trademarked or may be trademarked in the future and are therefore rarely translated. Occasionally, feature names are trademarked, too (for example, IntelliSense ). Before translating any application, product, or feature name, verify that it s in fact translatable and not protected in any way. This information needs to be obtained here. Following the new rules approved by Slovenský jazykovedný ústav in the Microsoft voice translations declination of product names is allowed now. Those that are not possible to be declined should be used with the descriptor. In classic Slovak localization descriptors (predradené slová) were always used when localizing Microsoft product names: i.e. v spoločnosti Microsoft, programom Microsoft Word, programami balíka Microsoft Office etc and also Office name (balík Office, služby Office 365). However, Slovak language is naturally an inflectional language and uses declination of foreign products, services and company names in everyday life. Using descriptors in such cases may sound unnatural and unnecessarily prolongs sentences. Descriptors can be omitted in all grammatical cases when declining the following product and program names: Outlook, Word, Excel, Access, Windows, PowerPoint SharePoint, Publisher, Project, Internet Explorer, Windows Prieskumník, Facebook, Twitter, OneNote, Lync, Skype, Gmail, OneDrive, Exchange, Xbox, Windows Phone. When declining see the table below: Microsoft Slovak Style Guide Page 35 of 62

36 Product name Declinations N Outlook G Outlooku Outlook D Outlooku A Outlook L Outlooku I Outlookom N Word G Wordu Word D Wordu A Word L Worde I Wordom N Excel G Excelu Excel D Excelu A Excel L Exceli I Excelom N Access G Accessu Access D Accessu A Access L Accesse I Accessom N Publisher Publisher G Publishera G Publisheru (two different suffixes in genitive) Microsoft Slovak Style Guide Page 36 of 62

37 D Publisheru A Publisher L Publisheri I Publisherom N Windows (masculine) G Windowsu Windows D Windowsu A Windows L Windowse I Windowsom N PowerPoint G PowerPointu PowerPoint D PowerPointu A PowerPoint L PowerPointe I PowerPointom N SharePoint G SharePointu SharePoint D SharePointu A SharePoint L SharePointe I SharePointom N Internet Explorer G Internet Exploreru G Internet Explorera (two different suffixes in genitive) Internet Explorer D Internet Exploreru A Internet Explorer L Internet Exploreri I Internet Explorerom Microsoft Slovak Style Guide Page 37 of 62

38 N Windows Prieskumník G Windows Prieskumníka Windows Explorer Facebook Twitter Project OneNote D Windows Prieskumníka A Windows Prieskumníka L Windows Prieskumníkovi I Windows Prieskumníkom N Facebook G Facebooku D Facebooku A Facebook L Facebooku I Facebookom N- Twitter G- Twitteru G Twittera (two different suffixes in genitive) D- Twitteru A- Twitter L- Twitteri I- Twitterom N Project G Projectu D Projectu A Project L Projecte I Projectom N OneNote G OneNotu D OneNotu A OneNote L OneNote Microsoft Slovak Style Guide Page 38 of 62

39 I OneNotom Skype Lync OneDrive Exchange Visio N Skype G Skypu D Skypu A Skype L Skype I - Skypom N Lync G Lyncu D Lyncu A Lync L Lyncu I - Lyncom N OneDrive G OneDrivu D OneDrivu A OneDrive L OneDrive I - OneDrivom N Exchange G Exchangeu D Exchangeu A Exchange L Exchangei I - Exchangeom N Visio G Visia D Visiu A Visio L Visiu I Visiom Microsoft Slovak Style Guide Page 39 of 62

40 Find some examples in the below table: en-us source text sk-sk classic style text sk-sk modern text Advanced options for working with Word Rozšírené možnosti práce s programom Word. Rozšírené možnosti práce s Wordom in an older version of Excel v staršej verzii programu Excel v staršej verzii Excelu current version of Access Open mail in Outlook Copy to PowerPoint najaktuálnejšiu verziu programu Access Otvorte mail v programe Outlook Prekopírujte do programu PowerPoint najaktuálnejšiu verziu Accessu Otvorte mail v Outlooku Prekopírujte do PowerPointu Important: The following instruction is valid only for product names that can be fully declined in all cases. If such product name contains the word Microsoft followed by a product name, for example, Microsoft Outlook, then the word Microsoft is not to be declined and we decline only a product name. See the table below: en-us source text sk-sk incorrect text sk-sk modern text Advanced options for working with Microsoft Word in an older version of Microsoft Excel current version of Microsoft Access Open mail in Microsoft Outlook Copy to Microsoft PowerPoint Rozšírené možnosti práce s Microsoftom Wordom Rozšírené možnosti práce s Microsoft Word Rozšírené možnosti práce s Microsoftom Word v staršej verzii Microsoftu Excelu v staršej verzii Microsoftu Excel v staršej verzii Microsoft Excel najaktuálnejšiu verziu Microsoft Access Otvorte mail v Microsoft Outlook Prekopírujte do Microsoft PowerPoint Rozšírené možnosti práce s Microsoft Wordom v staršej verzii Microsoft Excelu najaktuálnejšiu verziu Microsoft Accessu Otvorte mail v Microsoft Outlooku Prekopírujte do Microsoft PowerPointu Microsoft Slovak Style Guide Page 40 of 62

41 In some cases (especially in standalone phrases in software) using descriptor might sound more natural even for those products for which descriptors can be omitted otherwise. See these specific examples below taken from software strings: en-us source text sk-sk incorrect text sk-sk modern text Access 2007 Database Databáza Accessu 2007 Databáza programu Access 2007 Microsoft Word document PowerPoint Presentations Microsoft Excel Worksheet Dokument Microsoft Wordu Prezentácie PowerPointu Pracovný hárok Microsoft Excelu Dokument programu Microsoft Word Prezentácie programu PowerPoint Pracovný hárok programu Microsoft Excel Excel Table Tabuľka Excelu Tabuľka programu Excel Apart from the above mentioned product names without descriptors for the rest of the product names it s safe to omit descriptors in nominative case (1. pád) and accusative case (4. pád). When declining using remaining grammatical cases i.e. genitive (2. pád), dative (3. pád), locative (6. pád), instrumental (7. pád) descriptors should be used. See the examples in the table below: en-us source text sk-sk classic style text sk-sk modern text Comment Microsoft FrontPage couldn t open this file Program Microsoft FrontPage nemohol otvoriť tento súbor Microsoft FrontPage nemohol otvoriť tento súbor Nominative case (1. pád) Without descriptor Open Microsoft FrontPage Otvoriť program Microsoft FrontPage Otvoriť Microsoft FrontPage Accusative case (4. pád) Without descriptor when sending to FrontPage Incorrect text: pri odosielaní do FrontPageu pri odosielaní do programu FrontPage Genitive case (2. pád) Use descriptor FrontPage failed to communicate with server. Incorrect text: FrontPageu sa nepodarilo komunikovať so serverom. Programu FrontPage sa nepodarilo komunikovať so serverom. Dative case (3. pád) Use descriptor Microsoft Slovak Style Guide Page 41 of 62

42 In Microsoft FrontPage Incorrect text: V Microsoft FrontPagei V programe Microsoft FrontPage Locative case (6. pád) Use descriptor With Microsoft Office Incorrect text: S Microsoft Officom S balíkom Microsoft Office Instrumental case (7. pád) Use descriptor Don t decline program, service, company, etc. names, when it sounds unnatural and do avoid declination or adjective creation of those names that contain trademarks or copyright signs. In such cases descriptors need to be used in the following grammatical cases: genitive (2. pád), dative (3. pád), locative (6. pád), and instrumental (7. pád). Always be careful when omitting descriptors. Windows Phone, Windows Live, Xbox, Xbox Live declination Windows Phone Windows Live Xbox Xbox Live N - Windows Phone N - Windows Live N - Xbox N - Xbox Live G Windows Phonu G Windowsu Live G Xboxu G Xboxu Live D Windows Phonu D Windowsu Live D Xboxu D Xboxu Live A Windows Phone A Windows Live A Xbox A Xbox Live L Windows Phone L Windowse Live L Xboxe L Xboxe Live I Windows Phonom I Windowsom Live I Xboxom I Xboxom Live If you re not sure regarding declination, contact the language moderator and/or Jazykovedný ústav Ľudovíta Štúra SAV, Version numbers Version numbers always contain a period (for example, Version 4.2). The declination case of the "version" word is the same as of the product it s related to. For example: v Lyncu, verzii xxx. Note that if a product name is being used without a descriptor, it can be followed by a version number as shown in a following table. This instruction is valid both for products that can be fully declined in all grammatical cases and also for those products that can omit descriptors only in nominative and accusative grammatical cases: Microsoft Slovak Style Guide Page 42 of 62

43 en-us source text sk-sk classic style text sk-sk modern text Getting started with Microsoft Outlook 2010 Microsoft FrontPage 2010 couldn t open this file Začíname pracovať s programom Microsoft Outlook 2010 Program Microsoft FrontPage 2010 nemohol otvoriť tento súbor Začíname pracovať s Microsoft Outlookom 2010 Microsoft FrontPage 2010 nemohol otvoriť tento súbor Version numbers are usually also a part of version strings, but technically they are not the same. 5.3 Trademarks Trademarked names and the name Microsoft Corporation shouldn t be localized unless local laws require translation and an approved translated form of the trademark is available. A list of Microsoft trademarks is here. 5.4 Geopolitical concerns Part of the cultural adaptation of the US-product to a specific market is the resolution of geopolitical issues. While the US-product is designed and developed with neutrality and a global audience in mind, the localized product should respond to the particular situation that applies within the target country/region. Sensitive issues or issues that might potentially be offensive to the users in the target country/region may occur in any of the following: Maps Flags Country/region, city and language names Art and graphics Cultural content, such as encyclopedia content and other text where historical or political references are present Some issues are easy to verify and resolve. The localizer should have the most current information available. Maps and other graphical representations of countries/regions should be checked for accuracy and existing political restrictions. Country/region, city, and language names change on a regular basis and should be checked, even if previously approved. A thorough understanding of the culture of the target market is required for checking the appropriateness of cultural content, clip art and other visual representations of religious symbols, and body and hand gestures. Microsoft Slovak Style Guide Page 43 of 62

44 5.5 Software considerations This section refers to all menus, menu items, commands, buttons, check boxes, and other UI elements that should be consistently translated in the localized product Keyboard shortcuts Sometimes, there are underlined or highlighted letters in menu options, commands or dialog boxes. These letters refer to keyboard shortcuts, which help the user to perform tasks more quickly. Keyboard shortcuts special options "Slim characters," such as I, l, t, r, f can be used as keyboard shortcuts Characters with downstrokes, such as g, j, y, p and q can be used as keyboard shortcuts Extended characters can be used as keyboard shortcuts An additional letter, appearing between brackets after item name, can be used as a keyboard shortcut A number, appearing between brackets after item name, can be used as a keyboard shortcut A punctuation sign, appearing between brackets after item name, can be used as a keyboard shortcut Duplicate keyboard shortcuts are allowed when no other character is available Usage: is it allowed? Yes Yes Yes No No No Yes Notes Only when no other characters are available. Only when no other characters are available. Only when no other characters are available. Microsoft Slovak Style Guide Page 44 of 62

45 No keyboard shortcuts is assigned when no more characters are available (minor options only) No Content writers usually just refer to keyboard shortcuts in content for a general audience. In localization, however, we distinguish the following terms: Term Usage A subtype of keyboard shortcut. A letter or number that the user types to access UI controls that have text labels. Access keys are assigned to toplevel controls so that the user can use the keyboard to move through the UI quickly. Example: F in Alt+F Example in UI localization: H&ome access key In keyboard shortcuts, most access keys are used with the Alt key. The letter or number that appears in the ribbon when the Alt key is pressed. key tip In UI localization, the key tip is the last character present in the strings after the ` character. Example: In UI localization Home`H Microsoft Slovak Style Guide Page 45 of 62

46 A subtype of keyboard shortcut. A key that the user types to perform a common action without having to go through the UI. Shortcut keys are not available for every command. shortcut key Example: Ctrl+N, Ctrl+V In keyboard shortcuts, most shortcut keys are used with the Ctrl key. Ctrl+letter combinations and function keys (F1 through F12) are usually the best choices for shortcut keys Arrow keys The arrow keys move input focus among the controls within a group. Pressing the right arrow key moves input focus to the next control in tab order, whereas pressing the left arrow moves input focus to the previous control. Home, End, Up, and Down also have their expected behavior within a group. Users can t navigate out of a control group using arrow keys Command button The name of a command button should start with a capital letter. If the name of the button constitutes a noun or adjective, it should always be in the nominative case. The basic verbal form is the infinitive. Other forms (verbal nouns, participles, etc.) are only permissible in cases in which an infinitive can t be formed. Names of buttons should not end with any kind of punctuation mark. An exception is buttons with names which end with elliptical marks (...) in the original. These buttons should also end in elliptical marks in Slovak. Microsoft Slovak Style Guide Page 46 of 62

47 5.5.4 Dialog box title The name of a dialog window always starts with a capital letter unless en-us source starts with lower letter due to some graphical reasons. If a verb is used in the original (such as Confirm something, Select something, etc.), use a verbal noun in the translation. If a verbal noun can t be formed (such as in the name of the Save as Uložiť ako dialog window), use the infinitive in the translation. English term Confirm File Rename Select Device Gathering Information Open As Correct Slovak translation Potvrdenie premenovania súboru Výber zariadenia Získavajú sa informácie Otvoriť ako It s recommended to simplify dialog box titles translation as follows: Source text Incorrect translation Correct translation Network Details Podrobnosti o sieti Sieť podrobnosti Network Properties Vlastnosti siete Sieť vlastnosti Network Options Možnosti siete Sieť možnosti Settings - nastavenie Microsoft Slovak Style Guide Page 47 of 62

48 About Internet Explorer Setup Program Internet Explorer - Inštalácia - informácie Internet Explorer - inštalácia Error messages Here is an example: Error messages are messages sent by the system or a program, informing the user of an error that must be corrected in order for the program to keep running. The messages can prompt the user to take action or inform the user of an error that requires restarting the computer. Considering the underlying principles of Microsoft voice, translators are encouraged to apply them to ensure target translation is more natural, empathetic and not robot-like. English term Oops, that can't be blank... Not enough memory to process this command. Correct Slovak translation Pozor, toto musíte zadať... Na spracovanie tohto príkazu nie je dostatok pamäte. Slovak style in error messages Use consistent terminology in error messages. When translating, we should adhere to the Slovak syntax. Since en-us source promotes Voice style, it s not so important anymore to keep total consistency in the Slovak style when localizing. It s ok to convey the meaning, we don t need to be that strict regarding total consistency as far as the terminology consistency is kept and the meaning is well conveyed into Slovak language. Microsoft Slovak Style Guide Page 48 of 62

49 Standard phrases in error messages These phrases commonly occur in error messages. When you translate them, try to use the provided target phrases. However, feel free to use other ways to express the source meaning if they work better in the context. Examples: English Translation Example Can t Could not Failed to Failure of Can t find Could not find Unable to find Unable to locate Not enough memory Insufficient memory There is not enough memory There is not enough memory available... is not available... is unavailable occurred Nedá sa/nepodarilo sa...zlyhalo Nepodarilo sa nájsť Nedostatok pamäte nie je k dispozícii/ nedostupný vyskytnúť Nepodarilo sa otvoriť stránku. Komunikácia s tlačiarňou zlyhala. Nepodarilo sa nájsť knižnicu COMMDLG32.DLL. Na spracovanie tejto požiadavky nie je k dispozícii dostatok pamäte. Obrázok nie je k dispozícii An error has occurred. Vyskytla sa chyba. Error messages containing placeholders When localizing error messages containing placeholders, try to anticipate what will replace the placeholder. This is necessary for the sentence to be grammatically correct when the placeholder is replaced with a word or phrase. Note that the letters used in placeholders convey a specific meaning. Microsoft Slovak Style Guide Page 49 of 62

50 Examples: %d, %ld, %u, and %lu means <number> %c means <letter> %s means <string> Examples of error messages containing placeholders: "Checking Web %1!d! of %2!d!" means "Checking Web <number> of <number>." "INI file "%1!-.200s!" section" means "INI file "<string>" section." US English The folder '%s' can t contain subfolders. This is most likely a limitation of your IMAP server. In order to create a folder that can contain subfolders, append '%c' to its name as you create it. Slovak target Priečinok %s nemôže obsahovať podpriečinky. Ide pravdepodobne o obmedzenie na strane servera IMAP. Priečinok, ktorý môže obsahovať podpriečinky, vytvoríte pridaním znaku %c do názvu daného priečinka pri jeho vytváraní. Also note that in case English placeholder is surrounded by quotes Slovak placeholder should be localized without quotes unless there is a special reason for it or localizers get special instructions from the product team. Example: US English Sorry, no dictionary results found for "{0}." Slovak target Ľutujeme, v slovníku sa nenašli žiadne výsledky pre výraz {0} Keys The keyboard is the primary input device used for text input in Microsoft Windows. For accessibility and efficiency, most actions can be performed using the keyboard as well. While working with Microsoft software, you use keys, key combinations and key sequences. Microsoft Slovak Style Guide Page 50 of 62

51 In English, references to key names, like arrow keys, function keys and numeric keys, appear in normal text (not in small caps). Examples: English key name Slovak key name Alt Backspace Break Caps Lock Ctrl Delete Down Arrow End Enter Esc Home Insert Left Arrow Num Lock Page Down Page Up Pause Right Arrow Scroll Lock Shift Spacebar Alt Backspace Break Caps Lock Control Delete Šípka nadol End Enter Esc Home Insert Šípka doľava Num Lock Page Down Page Up Pause Šípka doprava Scroll Lock Shift Medzerník Microsoft Slovak Style Guide Page 51 of 62

52 Tab Up Arrow Windows key Print Screen Menu key Tab Šípka nahor Kláves s logom Windows Print Screen Kláves ponuky List box Individual options (items which the user can select) are displayed in the list. If all of the items can t be displayed at the same time, a slider will be displayed. The name of a list usually starts with a capital letter and ends with a colon. Unless reasons specified in the following section apply, then the items in a list should start with a lowercase letter. Items in a list should start with capital letters in the following cases: If it s probable that the list will contain old items from previous versions which might start with a capital letter. If other rules which require the use of capital letters apply to the items in question. Microsoft Slovak Style Guide Page 52 of 62

53 5.5.8 Numeric keypad Avoid distinguishing numeric keypad keys from the other keys, unless it s required by a given application. If it s not obvious which keys need to be pressed, provide necessary explanations Shortcut keys Shortcut keys are keystrokes or combinations of keystrokes that perform defined functions in a software application. Shortcut keys replace menu commands and are sometimes given next to the command they represent. While access keys can be used only when available on the screen, shortcut keys can be used even when they are not accessible on the screen. Standard shortcut keys US command US English shortcut key Slovak command Slovak shortcut key General Windows Shortcut keys Help window F1 Okno Pomocník F1 Context-sensitive Help Shift+F1 Kontextová pomoc/kontextový Pomocník Shift+F1 Display pop-up menu Shift+F10 Zobraziť kontextovú ponuku Shift+F10 Cancel Esc Zrušiť Esc Microsoft Slovak Style Guide Page 53 of 62

54 US command US English shortcut key Slovak command Slovak shortcut key Activate\Deactivate menu bar mode F10 Aktivovať alebo deaktivovať režim panela s ponukami F10 Switch to the next primary application Alt+Tab Prejsť na ďalšiu primárnu aplikáciu Alt+Tab Display next window Alt+Esc Zobraziť ďalšie okno Alt+Esc Display pop-up menu for the window Alt+Spacebar Zobraziť kontextovú ponuku pre okno Alt+Spacebar Display pop-up menu for the active child window Alt+- Zobraziť kontextovú ponuku pre aktívne podriadené okno Alt+- Display property sheet for current selection Alt+Enter Zobraziť hárok vlastností aktuálneho výberu Alt+Enter Close active application window Alt+F4 Zavrieť okno aktívnej aplikácie Alt+F4 Switch to next window within (modelesscompliant) application Alt+F6 Prejsť na ďalšie okno v (bezrežimovej) aplikácii Alt+F6 Capture active window image to the Clipboard Alt+Prnt Scrn Zaznamenať obrázok aktívneho okna do schránky Alt+Prnt Scrn Capture desktop image to the Clipboard Prnt Scrn Zaznamenať obrázok pracovnej plochy do schránky Prnt Scrn Access Start button in taskbar Ctrl+Esc Prístup k tlačidlu Štart v paneli úloh Ctrl+Esc Display next child window Ctrl+F6 Zobraziť ďalšie podriadené okno Ctrl+F6 Display next tabbed pane Ctrl+Tab Zobraziť ďalšiu tablu s kartami Ctrl+Tab Microsoft Slovak Style Guide Page 54 of 62

55 US command US English shortcut key Slovak command Slovak shortcut key Launch Task Manager and system initialization Ctrl+Shift+Esc Spustiť Správcu úloh a inicializáciu systému Ctrl+Shift+Esc File menu File New Ctrl+N Súbor Nový Ctrl+N File Open Ctrl+O Súbor Otvoriť Ctrl+O File Close Ctrl+F4 Súbor Zavrieť Ctrl+F4 File Save Ctrl+S Súbor Uložiť Ctrl+S File Save as F12 Súbor Ako F12 File Print Preview Ctrl+F2 Súbor Ukážka pred tlačou Ctrl+F2 File Print Ctrl+P Súbor Tlačiť Ctrl+P File Exit Alt+F4 Súbor Skončiť Alt+F4 Edit menu Edit Undo Ctrl+Z Úpravy Späť Ctrl+Z Edit Repeat Ctrl+Y Úpravy Opakovať Ctrl+Y Edit Cut Ctrl+X Úpravy Vystrihnúť Ctrl+X Edit Copy Ctrl+C Úpravy Kopírovať Ctrl+C Edit Paste Ctrl+V Úpravy Prilepiť Ctrl+V Edit Delete Ctrl+Backspace Úpravy Odstrániť Ctrl+Backspace Edit Select All Ctrl+A Úpravy Vybrať všetko Ctrl+A Edit Find Ctrl+F Úpravy Hľadať Ctrl+F Edit Replace Ctrl+H Úpravy Nahradiť Ctrl+H Edit Go To Ctrl+B Úpravy Prejsť na Ctrl+B Microsoft Slovak Style Guide Page 55 of 62

56 US command US English shortcut key Slovak command Slovak shortcut key Help menu Help F1 Pomocník F1 Font format Italic Ctrl+I Kurzíva Ctrl+I Bold Ctrl+G Tučné písmo Ctrl+B Underlined\Word underline Ctrl+U Podčiarknuté alebo podčiarkovanie slov Ctrl+U Large caps Ctrl+Shift+A Veľké kapitálky Ctrl+Shift+A Small caps Ctrl+Shift+K Malé kapitálky Ctrl+Shift+K Paragraph format Centered Ctrl+E Zarovnať na stred Ctrl+E Left aligned Ctrl+L Zarovnať vľavo Ctrl+L Right aligned Ctrl+R Zarovnať vpravo Ctrl+R Justified Ctrl+J Zarovnať k okraju Ctrl+J Tooltips The tooltip description of an element (usually buttons or menus or options) should begin with a capital letter and should not end with any punctuation mark. In case menu or command have the same source that the corresponding tooltip their translation should be identical as shown in the below picture: Microsoft Slovak Style Guide Page 56 of 62