Ergonomics - Ergonomics of human-system interaction - Human-centred lifecycle process descriptions (ISO/TR 18529:2000,IDT) september 2000 ICS 13.

Transcription

1 Nederlandse praktijkrichtlijn Ergonomie - Ergonomie van de menssysteeminteractie - Op de mens gerichte beschrijvingen van de levenscyclus van een proces (ISO/TR 18529:2000,IDT) NPR-ISO/TR (en) Ergonomics - Ergonomics of human-system interaction - Human-centred lifecycle process descriptions (ISO/TR 18529:2000,IDT) september 2000 ICS Dit document mag slechts op een stand-alone PC worden geinstalleerd. Gebruik op een netwerk is alleen. toestaan als een aanvullende licentieovereenkomst voor netwerkgebruik met NEN is afgesloten. This document may only be used on a stand-alone PC. Use in a network is only permitted when a supplementary license agreement for us in a network with NEN has been concluded. Als Nederlandse praktijkrichtlijn is aanvaard: - ISO/TR 18529:2000,IDT Normcommissie "Ergonomische criteria voor beeldschermen en hun bedieningsmiddelen" Apart from exceptions provided by the law, nothing from this publication may be duplicated and/or published by means of photocopy, microfilm, storage in computer files or otherwise, which also applies to full or partial processing, without the written consent of the Netherlands Standardization Institute. The Netherlands Standardization Institute shall, with the exclusion of any other beneficiary, collect payments owed by third parties for duplication and/or act in and out of law, where this authority is not transferred or falls by right to the Reproduction Rights Foundation. Auteursrecht voorbehouden. Behoudens uitzondering door de wet gesteld mag zonder schriftelijke toestemming van het Nederlands Normalisatie-instituut niets uit deze uitgave worden verveelvoudigd en/of openbaar gemaakt door middel van fotokopie, microfilm, opslag in computerbestanden of anderszins, hetgeen ook van toepassing is op gehele of gedeeltelijke bewerking. Het Nederlands Normalisatie-instituut is met uitsluiting van ieder ander gerechtigd de door derden verschuldigde vergoedingen voor verveelvoudiging te innen en/of daartoe in en buiten rechte op te treden, voor zover deze bevoegdheid niet is overgedragen e.g. rechtens toekomt aan de Stichting Reprorecht. NEN Although the utmost care has been taken with this publication, errors and omissions cannot be entirely excluded. The Netherlands Standardization Institute and/or the members of the committees therefore accept no liability, not even for direct or indirect damage, occurring due to or in relation with the application of publications issued by the Netherlands Standardization Institute. Hoewel bij deze uitgave de uiterste zorg is nagestreefd, kunnen fouten en onvolledigheden niet geheel worden uitgesloten. Het Nederlands Normalisatie-instituut en/of de leden van de commissies aanvaarden derhalve geen enkele aansprakelijkheid, ook niet voor directe of indirecte schade, ontstaan door of verband houdend met toepassing van door het Nederlands Normalisatie-instituut gepubliceerde uitgaven Nederlands Normalisatie-instituut Postbus 5059, 2600 GB Delft Telefoon (015) , Fax (015)

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3 TECHNICAL REPORT ISO/TR First edition Ergonomics Ergonomics of humansystem interaction Human-centred lifecycle process descriptions Ergonomie Ergonomie de l'interaction homme/système Descriptions des processus cycle de vie centrées sur l'opérateur humain Reference number ISO 2000

4 PDF disclaimer This PDF file may contain embedded typefaces. In accordance with Adobe's licensing policy, this file may be printed or viewed but shall not be edited unless the typefaces which are embedded are licensed to and installed on the computer performing the editing. In downloading this file, parties accept therein the responsibility of not infringing Adobe's licensing policy. The ISO Central Secretariat accepts no liability in this area. Adobe is a trademark of Adobe Systems Incorporated. Details of the software products used to create this PDF file can be found in the General Info relative to the file; the PDF-creation parameters were optimized for printing. Every care has been taken to ensure that the file is suitable for use by ISO member bodies. In the unlikely event that a problem relating to it is found, please inform the Central Secretariat at the address given below. ISO 2000 All rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, no part of this publication may be reproduced or utilized in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying and microfilm, without permission in writing from either ISO at the address below or ISO's member body in the country of the requester. ISO copyright office Case postale 56 CH-1211 Geneva 20 Tel Fax copyright@iso.ch Web Printed in Switzerland ii ISO 2000 All rights reserved

5 Contents Foreword...v Introduction...vi 1 Scope Normative References Definitions Abbreviations Background to the human-centred process model Use of the model Benefits of human-centredness in the lifecycle Rationale for the model Basis of the model Structure of the model Elements of the model Relationship between this model and ISO/IEC TR Relationship between this model and ISO Human-centred processes Human-centred design Ensure HCD content in systems strategy (HCD.1) Purpose Represent stakeholders (HCD.1.1) Collect market intelligence (HCD.1.2) Define and plan system strategy (HCD.1.3) Collect market feedback (HCD.1.4) Analyse trends in users (HCD.1.5) Plan and manage the HCD process (HCD.2) Purpose Consult stakeholders (HCD.2.1) Identify and plan user involvement (HCD.2.2) Select human-centred methods and techniques (HCD.2.3) Ensure a human-centred approach within the project team (HCD.2.4) Plan human-centred design activities (HCD.2.5) Manage human-centred activities (HCD.2.6) Champion human-centred approach (HCD.2.7) Provide support for human-centred design (HCD.2.8) Specify the stakeholder and organisational requirements (HCD.3) Purpose Clarify and document system goals (HCD.3.1) Analyse stakeholders (HCD.3.2) Assess risk to stakeholders (HCD.3.3) Define the use of the system (HCD.3.4) Generate the stakeholder and organisational requirements (HCD.3.5) Set quality in use objectives (HCD.3.6) Understand and specify the context of use (HCD.4) Purpose Identify and document user s tasks (HCD.4.1) Identify and document significant user attributes (HCD.4.2) Identify and document organisational environment (HCD.4.3) Identify and document technical environment (HCD.4.4) Identify and document physical environment (HCD.4.5)...12 Page ISO 2000 All rights reserved iii

6 6.6 Produce design solutions (HCD.5) Purpose Allocate functions (HCD.5.1) Produce composite task model (HCD.5.2) Explore system design (HCD.5.3) Use existing knowledge to develop design solutions (HCD.5.4) Specify system and use (HCD.5.5) Develop prototypes (HCD.5.6) Develop user training (HCD.5.7) Develop user support (HCD.5.8) Evaluate designs against requirements (HCD.6) Purpose Specify and validate context of evaluation (HCD.6.1) Evaluate early prototypes in order to define the requirements for the system (HCD.6.2) Evaluate prototypes in order to improve the design (HCD.6.3) Evaluate the system in order to check that the stakeholder and organisational requirements have been met (HCD.6.4) Evaluate the system in order to check that the required practice has been followed (HCD.6.5) Evaluate the system in use in order to ensure that it continues to meet organisational and user needs (HCD.6.6) Introduce and operate the system (HCD.7) Purpose Management of change (HCD.7.1) Determine impact on organisation and stakeholders (HCD.7.2) Customisation and local design (HCD.7.3) Deliver user training (HCD.7.4) Support users in planned activities (HCD.7.5) Ensure conformance to workplace ergonomic legislation (HCD.7.6)...17 Annex A (informative) Associated work products...18 A.1 Lists of associated work products from human-centred lifecycle processes...18 Annex B (informative) Use of the human-centred lifecycle processes...24 B.1 Use of the model in process definition...24 B.2 Use of the model in process improvement...24 B.3 Use of the model in process assessment...24 Annex C (informative) Use of the descriptions in process models...27 C.1 Introduction...27 C.2 Model purpose...27 C.3 Model scope...27 C.4 Model elements...27 C.5 Mapping...27 Bibliography...28 iv ISO 2000 All rights reserved

7 Foreword ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out through ISO technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical committee has been established has the right to be represented on that committee. International organizations, governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work. ISO collaborates closely with the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of electrotechnical standardization. International Standards are drafted in accordance with the rules given in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 3. The main task of technical committees is to prepare International Standards. Draft International Standards adopted by the technical committees are circulated to the member bodies for voting. Publication as an International Standard requires approval by at least 75 % of the member bodies casting a vote. In exceptional circumstances, when a technical committee has collected data of a different kind from that which is normally published as an International Standard ("state of the art", for example), it may decide by a simple majority vote of its participating members to publish a Technical Report. A Technical Report is entirely informative in nature and does not have to be reviewed until the data it provides are considered to be no longer valid or useful. Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of ISO/TR may be the subject of patent rights. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. ISO/TR was prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 159, Ergonomics, Subcommittee SC 4, Ergonomics of human-system interaction, WG 6. It extends and formalises the human-centred processes defined in ISO 13407:1999, Human-centred design processes for interactive systems. It is presented in a similar form to the process definitions for software development defined in ISO/IEC TR 15504, Information technology Software process assessment. ISO 2000 All rights reserved v

8 Introduction This document is intended to assist those involved in the design, use and assessment of lifecycle processes for systems, hardware and software. It presents a definition of the processes which comprise a human-centred approach and lists their components, outcomes and the information used and produced. The intention is to inform the users of process models who want to take account of human-centred processes in system, hardware and software lifecycles. ISO Human-centred design processes for interactive systems is the standard produced by ISO TC159/SC4/WG6 that explains the benefits achieved by making the interactive systems lifecycle more human centred, and the processes required to make a lifecycle human-centred. The human-centred lifecycle process model presented in this Technical Report is a structured and formalised definition of the human-centred processes described in ISO It is intended to make the contents of ISO accessible to process assessment and improvement specialists and to those familiar with or involved in process modelling. The model presented in this document uses the format common to process assessment models. These models describe the processes which ought to be performed by an organisation to achieve defined technical goals. The processes in this model are described in the format defined in ISO/IEC TR 15504, Information technology Software process assessment. Although the primary use of a process assessment model is for the measurement of how well an organisation carries out the processes covered by the model, such models can also be used as a description of what is required in order to design and develop effective organisational and project processes. Human sciences experts (e.g. ergonomists, usability engineers etc.) may find the model useful as a means of presenting the activities required when projects or companies adopt a human-centred approach or need to develop products with an assured degree of quality in use. Process modelling and process definitions are means of discussing and planning the work required in order to take account of human sciences input in system development and operation. Process definitions are widely understood in the systems and software development communities. The ability to describe human sciences methods and techniques, and their inputs and outputs, in the language used by systems and software engineers and their managers simplifies the adoption and implementation of the human-centred approach. vi ISO 2000 All rights reserved

9 TECHNICAL REPORT Ergonomics Ergonomics of human-system interaction Human-centred lifecycle process descriptions 1 Scope This Technical Report contains a formalised model based on the human-centred processes described in ISO 13407, Human-centred design processes for interactive systems. It should be used in the specification, assessment and improvement of the human-centred processes in system development and operation. NOTE 1 The word formalised is used in the preceding paragraph to mean that the process descriptions in this document follow the format specified in ISO/IEC TR 15504, Information technology Software process assessment. It should not be read as a claim that the model has any mathematical basis or rigour. NOTE 2 The difference in coverage of the model and ISO is indicated in the relevant processes (HCD 1 clause 6.2 and HCD 7 Clause 6.8). The scope of the model is based on that for ISO which has as its scope guidance on human-centred design activities throughout the life cycle of interactive computer-based systems. However, whilst the intended audience for ISO is given as those managing the design process this Technical Report is intended as guidance for those who are involved in the design, use and assessment of lifecycle processes for system, hardware and software. Readers of this Technical Report are expected to be familiar with ISO NOTE 3 Copyright release for the process descriptions: Users of this Technical Report may freely reproduce the process and work product descriptions contained in this document as part of any Assessment Model based on these descriptions, or as part of any demonstration of compatibility with the described processes, so that the descriptions can be used for their intended purpose. 2 Normative References The following standards contain provisions which, through reference in this text (or the text of ISO which is normative on this standard) constitute provisions of this Technical Report. At the time of publication, the editions indicated were valid. All standards are subject to revision, and parties to agreements based on this Technical Report are encouraged to investigate the possibility of applying the most recent editions of the standards indicated below. Members of IEC and ISO maintain registers of currently valid International Standards. ISO 6385:1981, Ergonomic principles in the design of work systems. ISO 13407:1999, Human-centred design processes for interactive systems. 3 Definitions For the purposes of this Technical Report, the terms and definitions given in ISO 6385:1981, Ergonomic principles in the design of work systems, ISO :1998, Ergonomic requirements for office work with visual display terminals (VDTS) Part 11: Guidance on usability, ISO 13407:1999, Human-centred design processes for interactive systems, ISO/IEC TR :1998, Information technology Software process assessment Part 9: Vocabulary, ISO/IEC , Information technology Software product quality Part 1: Quality model and ISO 2000 All rights reserved 1

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