Final Exam. Semantic Web Wiltrud Kessler WS 2014/15. Please do not forget to write your name or initials on every sheet you hand in.

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1 Final Exam Semantic Web Wiltrud Kessler WS 2014/15 Notes: Please do not forget to write your name or initials on every sheet you hand in. You may answer the questions in German or English. You may not use any course materials besides the provided cheat sheet. You need not answer the questions marked with (bonus) to get the best grade. You can always get points for partial solutions. You have 60 minutes. Good luck! Name: Matriculation number: Program of study: Exercise max. points points achieved Exercise 1: RDF, RDFS, OWL 25+5 Exercise 2: SPARQL 15+5 Exercise 3: Questions 15+5 Total Grade:

2 Exercise 1 (RDF, RDFS, OWL 25+5 points) You are given the following part of an ontology about universities: ex:unistuttgart rdf:type ex:university. # Uni Stgt is a university... ex:unistuttgart ex:hasfaculty ex:faculty5. #... and has faculty 5 as faculty. ex:profzweistein rdf:type ex:professor. # Prof. Zweistein is a professor... ex:faculty5 ex:hasprofessor ex:profzweistein. #... of faculty 5. ex:profzweistein ex:hasassociationwith ex:faculty9. #... associated with faculty 9. ex:professor rdfs:subclassof ex:researchstaffmember. # Professors are research staff. ex:dcfac5 rdf:type ex:doctoralconsortium. # DCFac5 is a doctoral consortium. Please model only the part of the domain that is given here, do not use your world knowledge to complicate things. Abbreviate namespaces. Use the namespace prefix ex: for all resources from the domain you model. You may use the provided cheat sheet to look up the RDF/RDFS/OWL relations. a) Write the following statements in Turtle syntax: 1. There are two types of staff members, technical staff and research staff (ex:researchstaffmember, ex:staffmember, ex:technicalstaffmember). [2 points] 2. Universities have faculties, i.e., if something has a faculty, it is a university; if something is the faculty of a university, it is member of the class ex:faculty (ex:faculty, ex:hasfaculty, ex:university). [2 points] 3. To be a faculty, it has to have at least 20 professors (among other things) (ex:faculty, ex:hasprofessor). [4 points] 2

3 b) Write the following statements in XML syntax (you may abbreviate closing tags): 1. Prof. Dreistein is associated with faculty 5 (ex:faculty5, ex:hasassociationwith, ex:profdreistein). [2 points] 2. Faculties, institutes and central facilities are university institutions, nothing else can be a university institution (ex:centralfacility, ex:faculty, ex:institute, ex:universityinstitution). [4 points] c) Write the following statements in DL syntax (omit namespaces): 1. The doctoral consortium of faculty 5 (DCFac5) has professor Zweistein as member (ex:dcfac5, ex:hasmember, ex:profzweistein). [2 points] 2. Nobody can be technical staff member and a professor at the same time (ex:professor, ex:technicalstaffmember). [2 points] 3

4 3. To be a doctoral consortium, everybody who is a member of the consortium must be a professor (among other things) (ex:doctoralconsortium, ex:hasmember, ex:professor). [4 points] d) From the ontology you described in (a) (c), write down the (abbreviated) URIs of three instances, three classes and two properties. [3 points] Instances: Classes: Properties: e) (bonus) Write in XML syntax (you may abbreviate closing tags): An important person of faculty 5 is defined as someone who is a professor or assistant professor and has an association with faculty 5 (ex:assistantprof, ex:faculty5, ex:hasassociationwith, ex:importantpersonfaculty5, ex:professor). [5 points] (bonus) 4

5 Exercise 2 (SPARQL 15+5 points) The following is part of an ontology about tall buildings. There are no properties apart from those listed here, i.e., for all exercises consider only the given properties, do not take into account possible inverse properties. You may assume that height and location are given for every building, everything else may be missing. ex:burjkhalifa rdf:type ex:building. ex:burjkhalifa rdf:type ex:skyscraper. ex:burjkhalifa rdf:type ex:worldstallestbuilding. ex:burjkhalifa ex:locatedin ex:dubai. ex:burjkhalifa ex:hasheightinmeter ex:burjkhalifa ex:finishedinyear ex:fernsehturmstuttgart rdf:type ex:building. ex:fernsehturmstuttgart rdf:type ex:tvtower. ex:fernsehturmstuttgart ex:locatedin ex:stuttgart. ex:fernsehturmstuttgart ex:hasheightinmeter ex:fernsehturmstuttgart ex:finishedinyear ex:fernsehturmstuttgart ex:hasowner ex:swr. ex:cntower rdf:type ex:building. ex:cntower rdf:type ex:tvtower. ex:cntower ex:locatedin ex:toronto. ex:cntower ex:hasheightinmeter ex:cntower ex:tallestbuildinguntil ex:taipei101 rdf:type ex:building. ex:taipei101 rdf:type ex:skyscraper. ex:taipei101 ex:locatedin ex:taipei. ex:taipei101 ex:hasheightinmeter 509. ex:taipei101 ex:hasowner ex:tfcc. ex:taipei101 ex:tallestbuildinguntil ex:dubai ex:locatedin ex:unitedarabemirates. ex:stuttgart ex:locatedin ex:germany. ex:toronto ex:locatedin ex:canada. ex:taipei ex:locatedin ex:taiwan. Write a SPARQL query to retrieve the following information from the ontology. 5

6 a) List all skyscrapers and the city and country they are located in. [2 points] SELECT?skyscraper?city?country b) List all TV towers that are higher than 600 meters with their height. [4 points] SELECT?tvtower?height c) List all buildings and (if available) their owner [3 points] SELECT?building?owner d) Write down the result of the query in (c) for the given ontology part [2 points] 6

7 e) List all buildings that either are currently the tallest building in the world or have been the tallest building in the world at one point in time. [4 points] SELECT?building f) (bonus) List building and country of all TV towers that are higher than 300 meters and all skyscrapers that were finished building after 1970 (do not list those with an unknown date). [5 points] (bonus) SELECT?building?country 7

8 Exercise 3 (Questions 15+5 points) a) You are given the following Turtle statements: ex:bga rdfs:subclassof ex:nmltf. ex:ashdd owl:differentfrom ex:ashkln. ex:nmtzab rdfs:domain ex:mkm. What is the difference between individuals and classes? Based on only the above statements, which resources are individuals, which are classes? Explain your choices. [5 points] b) What is the difference between owl:somevaluesfrom and owl:hasvalue? Where are they used? Give an example for each. [5 points] 8

9 c) A wizard is a human being who wears at least one magic ring. We can write this as: a) Wizard Human wearsring.magicring b) Wizard Human Wizard wearsring.magicring What is the difference? (Hint: is everyone with a magic ring a wizard?) [5 points] d) (bonus) We want to list all books that cost less than 9 Euro. Given the following SPARQL query and knowledge base, what is the result of the query? Which resources are (not) retrieved and why? [5 points] SELECT?b?price {?b rdf:type ex:book. OPTIONAL {?b ex:haspriceeuro?price. FILTER (?price < 9) } } (bonus) ex:book1 rdf:type ex:book. ex:book1 ex:haspriceeuro ex:book2 rdf:type ex:book. ex:book2 ex:haspriceeuro ex:book3 rdf:type ex:book. 9