Unix Introduction. Getting started with the Unix Operating System
|
|
- Shanna Anderson
- 5 years ago
- Views:
Transcription
1 Unix Introduction Getting started with the Unix Operating System
2 What is an Operating System?
3 A computer Operating System, or OS
4 What is a computer operating system?
5 Where?
6 What does an OS provide? Insulation from hardware Allocation of resources Utility Functions (often blurring the line between OS and applications)
7 The problem There are numerous past, present, and future storage technologies Each of these requires unique procedures for getting data to and from the device. But, it is unreasonable to expect each application to understand each device.
8 The solution The OS provides simple "abstract devices for storage: Random access (disks, solid state) Sequential access (tapes) Applications talk to the abstract devices, the OS translates and talks to the actual devices. The OS provides a layer of insulation from these details.
9 Beyond storage Insulation roles of the OS extends to most aspects of computer hardware, including User interface devices Network and communications Memory Expansion busses
10 OS-Hardware pairing OS is necessarily closely tied to particular hardware. OS used to always be supplied by the hardware vendor.
11 What does an OS provide? Insulation from hardware Allocation of resources Utility
12 About that disk abstraction The disk abstraction represents a disk as quantity of storage. An application is insulated from the hardware details of exactly how the data are stored. An application can read or write from any location in that quantity of storage.
13 The problem The disk abstraction provides no structure for data stored in the disk. If multiple applications want to use the same disk, they must agree on a way to structure data. The disk abstraction is a like file cabinet without file folders.
14 The solution An OS provides higher level abstractions than just devices. For data storage: File a named container for data Directory a named container for files
15 Files and directories An application manages data inside a file however it likes. Things an application can do with a file: create, open, seek, read, write, close, rename, remove. The OS manages the storage of files on the disk for all applications.
16 Beyond storage The OS arbitrates application access to all system resources. CPUs Memory Input and output devices
17 What does an OS provide? Insulation from hardware Allocation of resources Utility
18 Gray areas at the edge Insulation from hardware and allocation of resources are core OS features, but alone don t make for a useful system. This does not provide for a user interface. Practicality leads real-world OS's beyond the core functions. The boundary between operating systems and applications is open to interpretation.
19 What does an OS provide? Insulation from hardware Allocation of resources Utility
20 Layers of software OS and other software are often depicted as functional layers. Software in one layer can only use services provided by the immediately lower layer. Graphic from The Design of the Unix operating System by Maurice J. Bach, Prentice-Hall, 1986
21 Introduction to Unix
22 Logging In Unix is a multi-user operating system. If you want to use its resources, you must first identify yourself to the system by logging in. This is called authentication.
23 Logging In! The server we will be using for most of this class is accessible through the network by the name of iris. We use the full DNS name to distinguish it from any other server that may be named "iris". More on DNS later. iris.ils.indiana.edu
24 Logging In You can login to a Unix system from any location in the world using any client that supports the network protocol "ssh". The secure shell (ssh) is a protocol that is used to create a secure channel over an insecure network. Invoking the ssh command will knock on a particular server door which in turn will prompt for a username and password. Once you successfully authenticate you have access to the system resources via this secure channel.
25 Logging In Practice We will now use ssh to connect to our host, iris. Every modern operating system (Mac/Linux/Windows) has the capability of running a ssh client. Linux and Mac OS X are just different distributions of Unix and therefore have native support for this type of connectivity. Windows users can download one of the many free ssh clients. For OSX/Linux users, just launch the "Terminal" application and use the ssh command.
26 Logging In Practice In a Windows environment, launch your ssh client and enter the DNS name of our server: iris.ils.indiana.edu In an OS X or Linux environment, once you launch the terminal application type the command line below. $ ssh user@iris.ils.indiana.edu
27 Kerberos Authentication You will be asked for your kerberos password, which should be the same password you used to log in at this lab. Kerberos is used campus-wide as a secure way to authenticate across an insecure network. You and the computer you connect to prove that you are who you say you are without actually sending passwords across the network.
28 Logging In Once successfully logged in, a Unix system typically tells you when you logged in last and from where, shows you any implemented disk quota, gives you some arbitrary text written by the system administrator, provides you with a command shell prompt, and then waits for your commands.
29 Logging In Example: Last login: Mon Aug 4 15:20: from chionofuji.ils.indiana.edu Disk quotas for stevecox (uid 2238): Filesystem usage quota limit timeleft files quota limit timeleft This system is for the use of authorized users only. Individuals using this computer system without authority, or in excess of their authority, are subject to having all of their activities on this system monitored and recorded by system personnel. In the course of monitoring individuals improperly using this system, or in the course of system maintenance, the activities of authorized users may also be monitored. Anyone using this system expressly consents to such monitoring and is advised that if such monitoring reveals possible evidence of criminal activity, system personnel may provide the evidence of such monitoring to law enforcement officials. SLIS computing accounts expire: See: for details stevecox@iris:~ $
30 Logging In You are left with a prompt at the bottom of your login screen. A command prompt generally ends with either a dollar sign ($) or a percent sign (%). There are two main types of command shells; those based on a Bourne shell (i.e. sh and bash) and those based on a C shell (i.e. csh and tcsh).
31 Logging In To keep you straight on which you are using, the two shells traditionally use different prompts: $ for Bourne shells % for C shells. Your account on iris uses a Bourne shell derivative (bash to be specific).
32 Installing your Practice Directory During this module you will be using a practice directory structure complete with practice files and directories. You will now install this into your home directory on iris.
33 Getting your Practice Directory Make sure you are logged into iris and type these commands: $ cd (press return) $ tar -xvf /tmp/unix_class.tar You will see a list of filenames and directories scroll by. You will learn more about the command you just used on your last day of this module.
34 Unix Commands Now you are logged into the system, but you need to know how to talk to the system or issue your commands.
35 Unix Commands There are a number of commands which you need to know in order to tell the system to do various things (show you directories, move files, copy files, search for files, etc.).
36 Unix Commands Unix commands generally have three parts or syntactic elements: command_name Example: $ ls Tells the system to show you a list of files
37 Unix Commands Unix Commands generally have three parts: command_name [options] Example: $ ls -l List files, in long format form (gives more information about the files)
38 Unix Commands command_name [options] Note: In some texts and web links, options can also be referred to as flags.
39 Unix Commands Unix Commands generally have three parts: command_name [options][operands] Example: $ ls -l Unix_class List files, in long format form, in the directory called Unix_class
40 Unix Commands Unix Commands generally have three parts: command_name [options][operands] Note: In some texts and web links, operands can also be referred to as arguments
41 Unix Commands Not all commands will need all three parts. In fact, some will only need the command_name. However, others may require two [operands]
42 Unix Commands Important to Remember: Unix is case-sensitive; old.files is different from Old.Files. The spaces between the command_name, the [option] and the [operand] are VERY important.
43 who - Practice One simple Unix command is used to find out who is currently logged in. At the shell prompt (the $), type who. $ who
44 who - Practice Example Output $ who herring pts/12 Jun 17 15:36 (herring.slis.indiana.edu) mnapier pts/4 Jun 14 21:29 ( client.insightbb.com) mnapier pts/8 Jun 17 07:39 (dmitrii.slis.indiana.edu) jfieber pts/5 Jun 17 15:56 (d-1-1.dhcp indiana.edu) htripath pts/3 Jun 17 11:10 (lair4.slis.indiana.edu) mnapier pts/9 Jun 16 09:00 ( client.insightbb.com) stevecox pts/10 Jun 17 16:51 (wireless wireless.indiana.edu) stevecox pts/13 Jun 17 16:34 (chionofuji.slis.indiana.edu) $
45 Unix Directories
46 Directories The information stored in the Unix system is hierarchical. Like the folders on a Mac or Windows operating system, Unix works with directories.
47 Directories A directory can contain either files or more directories (often called subdirectories). There are a number of common Unix directories found on most systems.
48 Directories
49 Directories All files and directories on the system reside under the root directory, the [ / ]. Where other directories have real names, the name of the directory at the very top of the Unix OS is the forward slash (/).
50 Directories The home directory is your personal subdirectory under /home. It is where you will store all of your personal data. Example: /home/jsmith
51 Directories The working or current directory is whatever directory you are in at the moment.
52 Basic Unix Commands A Few Commands and Concepts To Get Us Started
53 pwd - print working directory Typing pwd will display a list of directories separated by a forward slash (/). This is a pathname. The first slash refers to the root directory, then each subdirectory is listed, and the last item is the name of the directory you are currently in (your working directory). $ pwd /home/jsmith
54 pwd - Practice What is the pathname of your current directory? Example: /home/stevecox
55 ls - list The command_name ls alone will list the names of the files in the current (or working) directory. $ ls Unix_class
56 ls - list ls [operand] will list the names of the files in the specific directory asked for. $ ls /home ajkurtz htripath klabarre cdulude jfieber mbswan herring katy stevecox
57 ls - Practice How many files and subdirectories are in your current directory? $ ls (Unix_class) & (misc. files) How many files and subdirectories are in /home/userid/unix_class? $ ls /home/userid/unix_class 5 (Shakespeare, Wildcards, dir1, dir2, equine)
58 cd - change directory When you use the command, ls, you are just looking at the directories, you have not actually moved (you stay at the same working directory). The command, cd, will let you move your current directory to a new location.
59 cd - change directory The command_name cd alone will always move you to your personal home directory (on /home). $ cd
60 cd - change directory If you supply an operand to the change directory command, it will move you (your current directory) to the specified directory. $ cd Unix_class
61 cd - change directory Note: Getting around a hierarchical filesystem is very important to grasp. If the directory you wish to move to is a subdirectory of your current directory, then you only need to type a pathname starting from where you are. $ cd Unix_class/dir2/cats This is called a relative pathname.
62 cd - change directory But, if the directory you wish to move to is not a subdirectory of your current directory, then you need to type a pathname starting from the root (/). $ cd /var/adm/log This is called an absolute pathname. Some texts will refer to this as a full pathname. The meaning is the same.
63 Pathnames - Example If you are in jsmith, / home bin var kadams jsmith stevecox adm grp_project UNIX_class log dir1 dir2
64 Pathnames - Example If you are in jsmith, and you want to go to dir1 / home bin var kadams jsmith stevecox adm grp_project UNIX_class log dir1 dir2
65 Pathnames - Example You only need a relative pathname, because dir1 is under you. home / bin var kadams jsmith stevecox adm grp_project UNIX_class log dir1 dir2
66 Pathnames - Example $ cd Unix_class/dir1 / home bin var kadams jsmith stevecox adm grp_project UNIX_class log dir1 dir2
67 Pathnames - Example If you are in jsmith, / home bin var kadams jsmith stevecox adm grp_project UNIX_class log dir1 dir2
68 Pathnames - Example If you are in jsmith, and you want to go to log / home bin var kadams jsmith stevecox adm grp_project UNIX_class log dir1 dir2
69 Pathnames - Example You need an absolute pathname, because log is not under you. home / bin var kadams jsmith stevecox adm grp_project UNIX_class log dir1 dir2
70 Pathnames - Example $ cd /var/adm/log / home bin var kadams jsmith stevecox adm grp_project UNIX_class log dir1 dir2
71 Pathnames - Example If you are in Unix_class and you need to access grp_project, how would you get there? home / bin var kadams jsmith stevecox adm grp_project UNIX_class log dir1 dir2
72 Pathnames - Example $ cd /home/kadams/grp_project / home bin var kadams jsmith stevecox adm grp_project UNIX_class log dir1 dir2
73 Pathnames - Example But, if you are in home and you need to access grp_project, how would you get there? home / bin var kadams jsmith stevecox adm grp_project UNIX_class log dir1 dir2
74 Pathnames - Example $ cd kadams/grp_project / home bin var kadams jsmith stevecox adm grp_project UNIX_class log dir1 dir2
75 cd - Practice Change your current directory to this directory: /home/userid/unix_class/dir2 Now go back to your home directory.
76 References to your home directory When you login, Unix always knows where your home directory is. There are a few ways to return to the top of your home directory /home/userid
77 References to your home directory ~ (tilde) symbol represents your home directory so: $ cd ~ will always return you to your home. $ cd ~userid This will lookup the information for another user and find their home directory location and take you there if you are allowed.
78 .. - parent directory As we mentioned earlier, the information stored in the Unix system is hierarchical. At any time, the directory which is right above you (closer to the root directory) is often called the parent directory... is an [operand] which signifies the parent directory of your current directory. It will be used in place of an operand.
79 .. - parent directory / bin etc home sbin usr var bin local share bin man man The parent directory of man is local, and the parent directory of local is usr.
80 .. - parent directory Typing cd.. will move your working directory up one level, into the parent directory of where you were. $ cd..
81 .. - parent directory What is the pathname of your home directory? /home/userid What is the pathname of the parent directory of your home directory? /home
82 .. - parent directory Typing ls.. lists everything else in your parent directory files and directories parallel with your working directory. $ ls..
83 Example home sbaker jsmith stevecox mail docs temp
84 Example home sbaker jsmith stevecox mail docs temp Suppose jsmith is your current directory.
85 Example home sbaker jsmith stevecox $ pwd /home/jsmith mail docs temp
86 Example home sbaker jsmith stevecox $ ls mail docs temp mail docs temp
87 Example home sbaker jsmith stevecox $ ls mail docs temp mail docs temp
88 Example home sbaker jsmith stevecox $ ls mail docs temp mail docs temp
89 Example home sbaker jsmith stevecox $ ls mail docs temp mail docs temp
90 Example home sbaker jsmith stevecox $ ls mail docs temp mail docs temp
91 Example home sbaker jsmith stevecox $ ls.. mail docs temp sbaker jsmith stevecox
92 Example home sbaker jsmith stevecox $ ls.. mail docs temp sbaker jsmith stevecox
93 Example home sbaker jsmith stevecox $ ls.. mail docs temp sbaker jsmith stevecox
94 Example home sbaker jsmith stevecox $ ls.. mail docs temp sbaker jsmith stevecox
95 Example home sbaker jsmith stevecox $ ls.. mail docs temp sbaker jsmith stevecox
96 Example home sbaker jsmith stevecox $ cd.. mail docs temp
97 Example home sbaker jsmith stevecox $ cd.. mail docs temp Moves your current directory to /home.
98 .. - parent directory You can also use.. to move up, over, and down to a new directory somewhere else. Otherwise you would have to use an absolute pathname.
99 .. Example If you are in jsmith, / home bin var kadams jsmith stevecox adm grp_project UNIX_class log dir1 dir2
100 .. Example If you are in jsmith, and you want to go to dir1 / home bin var kadams jsmith stevecox adm grp_project UNIX_class log dir1 dir2
101 .. Example $ cd.. At this point, you have moved up to home home / bin var kadams jsmith stevecox adm grp_project UNIX_class log dir1 dir2
102 .. Example $ cd../kadams Now you have moved down to kadams home / bin var kadams jsmith stevecox adm grp_project UNIX_class log dir1 dir2
103 .. Example $ cd../kadams/grp_project And now you are in grp_project / home bin var kadams jsmith stevecox adm grp_project UNIX_class log dir1 dir2
104 .. Example Now that you are in grp_project, you can move to stevecox home / bin var kadams jsmith stevecox adm grp_project UNIX_class log dir1 dir2
105 .. Example $ cd../../stevecox Now that you are in grp_project, you can move to home stevecox / bin var kadams jsmith stevecox adm grp_project UNIX_class log dir1 dir2
106 man - manual Can t remember what a command does? You can type: $ man command_name This will give you Unix s complete online manual.
107 man - manual Don t just rely on the manual though. This would be a very time-consuming way of using Unix, and also the manual can be pretty difficult to understand. Note: use the space bar to move forward a page, and the b key to move back a page
108 man - manual A manual page will usually include: Title: the page # and the name of the system that the command is part of Name: usually the command and a brief description Synopsis: how to type the command, and an example of every option available.
109 man - manual Description: a few paragraphs (or pages) about the command and its options See Also: lists names of related manual pages, if any Warnings and Bugs: if any are known Files: a list of the files this command uses (for specific commands - like mail)
110 man - Practice Browse through the man page for the cd command. $ man cd Now browse through the man page for the pwd command. $ man pwd Notice how much larger the manual is for cd (which is a more complex command). You can type q to leave man
111 man - manual If you forget how man is laid out, you can always type: $ man man
112 Review pwd - tells you where you currently are ls - list the files & subdirectories of your current directory cd - changes your current directory man - displays the manual pages.. - signifies the parent directory of your current directory. It is NOT a command, it is an operand (argument).
113 Combining Commands If you don t remember the name of the directory you want to move to, then use ls to see all the names of your working directory, then cd to the correct one.
114 Practice What is the absolute pathname to cats? (in dir2) /home/userid/unix_class/dir2/cats
115 Practice How many files are in the Shakespeare directory? eight $ ls Unix_class/Shakespeare
116 Practice What option is needed to list the files in a directory, including those that are normally not listed (begins with a. )?
117 Practice $ man ls -a Lists all entries, including those that begin with a dot (.), which are normally not listed.
118 Unix Shells Our Interactive Interface
119 Shells The shell is how you interact with the Unix system. This is the means in which you give the system commands.
120 Shells You can customize your environment, enter and reenter commands and provide shortcuts to save on typing. The shell can also be a flexible scripting language allowing you to create executable programs for you and others to use.
121 Bash Shell While there are several different shells to choose from, the bash shell is an excellent choice for interactive and non-interactive use. It is the default shell here at SLIS. This is a public domain shell written by the Free Software Foundation under their GNU initiative.
122 Command Line Completion Bash shell feature: Command Line Completion A very nice feature of modern shells is command line completion. You type part of your command line and then hit the tab key and the shell will try and complete the command line for you. You will use this most often with operands.
123 While in your home directory, move to your Unix_class directory. Instead of typing: $ cd Unix_class You could type: $ cd U (tab) Command Completion Practice The shell s command line completion takes over.
124 Command Line Completion For this to work as the example shows you could not have another directory name starting with U. Command line completion only works if there is only one possible match to the letters or numbers that you enter before you hit the tab key.
125 Command Line Completion Remember, Unix is case sensitive so if you were to type: $ cd u (tab) it would not find your directory using command line completion
126 Session History Another nice shell feature that you will use frequently is session history. This lets you easily recall your frequently used command lines and use them again.
127 Session History Practice Press your (up) arrow one time Your last command line should appear at your prompt. If you would like to use that command line again, just hit enter.
128 Session History Practice Do not hit return on a command line if you do not intend to complete the action. You can backspace/delete over the command line OR type Ctrl+U (^U). You can continue to use your up arrow or down arrow until you find the command line that you would like to reuse and then press enter.
129 Session History Use Session History for: Reviewing the command lines you ve used during your session Using previous command lines again, rather than retyping them Modifying complex command lines
130 Metacharacters [ ] < > { } ( ) *? / \ ^! # $ & ~ ;
131 Metacharacters A metacharacter is a single character that is used in place of another character or set of characters. To the shell, they represent something other than the character or symbol that they are. Therefore, you cannot use metacharacters in the name of a file or a directory.
132 Metacharacters [ ] brackets < > angle brackets { } braces ( ) parentheses ' single quotes " double quotes * asterisks? question marks pipe symbols / \ slashes ^ carets! exclamations # pound signs $ dollar signs % percent at signs & ampersands ; semi-colons ` accent marks ~ tildes
133 Metacharacters Other keys also have specific meaning to Unix: Pressing <tab> Pressing <return>
134 Naming Files & Directories When naming a file or directory, you cannot use any metacharacters or spaces. However, you can use periods (.) and underscores (_). In fact, if you start a file with a period (.) it will be a hidden file which does not show with ls (you must use ls -a).
135 Manipulating Files and Directories Making Renaming Copying Removing Moving
136 Making A New Directory You can create a new directory with the mkdir command. $ mkdir new_directory_name
137 Making A New Directory You should start by typing pwd to make sure you are in the right place (you will create a subdirectory in whatever directory you are in). Then you should type ls to check and make sure your new directory will not conflict with an already existing name.
138 Making A New Directory Then enter the command line: $ mkdir new_directory_name to add your directory. Then you should type ls to check and make sure your new directory will not conflict with an already existing name.
139 Making A New Directory Practice: Make a new directory in Unix_class called dir3 $ cd Unix_class $ pwd $ ls $ mkdir dir3 $ ls
140 Copying a File or Directory You can copy an existing file or directory with the cp command. $ cp existingfile newfile $ cp -r existingdir newdir The -r is necessary when copying a directory; we will talk more about these types of options later.
141 Copying a File or Directory When copying, moving, renaming, etc., the source will always come first, and the destination second. Or, they are sometimes referred to as: $ cp source destination $ cp -r source destination
142 Copying a File or Directory Go to the directory where the file is located: $ cd pathname Verify the file is there (and the spelling): $ ls Copy the file to a new name: $ cp existingfile newfile
143 Copying a File or Directory Also remember to list your directory (ls) first, to verify that your new file name does not already exist if it does then your new copy will simply overwrite it!
144 Copying a File or Directory Practice: Copy the file final.paper (in dir2) and name the new file gerbils. $ cd dir2 (or Unix_class/dir2) $ ls $ cp final.paper gerbils $ ls
145 Moving a File or Directory You can move a file or directory with mv. Unlike cp, after using mv you will still only have one copy of the file or directory. $ mv filename newpathname $ mv directoryname newpathname
146 Moving a File or Directory You can move a file or directory with mv. Unlike cp, after using mv you will still only have one copy of the file or directory. $ mv source destination $ mv source destination
147 Moving a File or Directory For example, if you typed: $ mv equine dir2 You would be moving the file equine into the dir2 directory. $ mv filename newpathname
148 Moving a File or Directory If you are using mv to move the file or directory to a different location you may want to consider copying it first and then deleting the original.
149 Moving a File or Directory Always remember to ls the destination directory to verify there will be no conflict of names. If you attempt to move a directory to another location that does not exist, your directory will be renamed, not moved.
150 Moving a File or Directory Go to the directory where the file is located: $ cd pathname Verify the file is there (and the spelling): $ ls Move the file to its new location: $ mv filename newpathname
151 Moving a File or Directory Practice: Move the file gerbils (in dir2) to your new directory (dir3). $ cd dir2 (if not already there) $ ls $ mv gerbils../dir3 (or) $ mv gerbils ~/Unix_class/dir3
152 Moving a File or Directory How do you know that it worked? All operands are independent of the commands that require them. We use the ls command to list directories but we ll need to supply an operand. How about the destination directory? $ ls../dir3
153 Renaming a File or Directory Renaming a file or directory is really just moving it to a different name. There is no rename command. $ mv oldfilename newfilename $ mv olddirname newdirname
154 Renaming a File or Renaming a file or directory is really just moving it to a different name. There is no rename command. Example: You have a file named costs and you want to change the name to expenses.
155 Renaming a File or Directory Renaming a file or directory is really just moving it to a different name. There is no rename command. $ mv costs expenses
156 Renaming a File or Directory Go to the directory where the file is located: $ cd pathname Verify the file is there (and the spelling): $ ls Move the file to its new name: $ mv oldfilename newfilename
157 Renaming a File or Directory Practice: Rename the file gerbils to furry.rodents $ cd../dir3 $ ls $ mv gerbils furry.rodents $ ls
158 Renaming a File or Directory Another reason to use mv is to correct a misspelled file name. $ mv apr.bugdet apr.budget
159 Renaming a File or Directory You can move and rename a file at the same time: $ mv oldfilename newpathname/newfilename Example: $ mv fall_classes ~/oldfiles/fall_2002 (The oldfiles directory has to already exist)
160 Renaming a File or Directory ** Important! ** When using mv with directories $ mv oldname newname If there already is a directory with the newname, then the oldname will become a subdirectory of the newname (the rename becomes a move ).
161 Renaming a File or Directory ** Important! ** When using mv or cp with files $ mv oldname newname If there already is a file with the newname, then the oldname will overwrite the newname.
162 Removing a File or Directory You can remove (delete) a file with the rm command. $ rm filename You can remove (delete) an empty directory with the rmdir command. $ rmdir directoryname
163 Removing a File or Directory To remove a directory, you must first delete all the files in it: $ rm filenames Then move into the parent directory: $ cd.. Then delete the directory: $ rmdir directory
164 Removing a File or Directory Practice: Remove the directory dir3 $ rm furry.rodents $ cd.. $ rmdir dir3 $ ls
165 Removing a File or Directory You can also remove more than one file at a time: $ rm fileone filetwo filethree
166 Wildcards? *
167 Wildcards There are two metacharacters which can act as a substitution for unknown letters or numbers in a filename or directory name.? *
168 ? Wildcard The wildcard? (question mark) can be a substitute for any single letter, number, or character.
169 ? Wildcard Practice The wildcard? can be a substitute for any single letter, number, or character. $ ls sonnet? (in Shakespeare dir.) This will list any filename that starts with sonnet and has exactly one character after sonnet.
170 ? Wildcard Practice The wildcard? can be a substitute for any single letter, number, or character. $ ls sonnet? This will not list: sonnet10 sonnet.favorite Sonnet8 (capital S)
171 * Wildcard The wildcard * (asterisk) can be a substitute for any number of letters, numbers, or characters.
172 * Wildcard Practice The wildcard * can be a substitute for any number of letters, numbers, or characters. $ ls sonnet* This will list all names that begin with sonnet (and would include sonnet by itself). It will still not list Sonnet8
173 Wildcard Practice Wildcards can specify a group of letters or numbers. $ cd../wildcards $ ls let*3 letter3 letterhome.13 lettering.type3 lettuce.file3
174 Wildcard Practice $ ls *13 _mgs_1to13 letterhome.13 shell.script.113 testfile.8513
175 Wildcard Practice $ ls *file* filet.mignon.recipe lettuce.file3 old.file sufiletters testfile.8513
176 Wildcard Practice $ ls s* secret.ideas shell.script.113 shell.script.276 stuff sufiletters (Remember that Unix is case sensitive, so the file Sam would not be found)
177 Wildcard Practice $ ls??? Sam fl9 h.d kid pix
178 Wildcard Uses You can use wildcards with commands other than ls.
179 Wildcard Uses To move all files that begin with "assgn" (assgn3, assgn12, etc.) to the old.files directory, you can type: $ mv assgn* old.files The directory old.files has to already exist.
180 Wildcard Uses To copy all the files from the current directory into a directory called temp, you can type: $ cp * temp The directory temp has to already exist.
181 Wildcard Uses To remove all files with a certain ending, you can type: $ rm *.txt
182 Wildcard Uses However, before you remove them, type: $ ls *.txt This way you can make sure there is nothing there you did not want to delete.
183 Wildcard Uses However, DO NOT TYPE this line! This is a typo to avoid! The extra space means you would remove everything in the directory! $ rm *.txt Very important!!!!
184 Wildcard Practice Create another directory in Unix_class called Poems $ cd.. $ pwd (verify you are in Unix_class) $ mkdir Poems $ ls
185 Wildcard Practice Copy everything from Shakespeare into Poems. $ cd Shakespeare $ cp *../Poems * - source (in this case, everything)../poems - destination
186 Wildcard Practice Or, this is another way to achieve this: $ mkdir Poems $ cd Poems $ cp../shakespeare/*.../shakespeare/* - source. - destination (the single period represents your current directory)
187 Wildcards Wildcards apply to all commands and are used in place of or in combination with operands.
188 Ready for more?
Unix Introduction. Part 2
Unix Introduction Part 2 More Unix Commands wc touch cp - copy review Let's copy a directory tree with recursion. Remember that in order to use the -r option when copying directory hierarchies. Make sure
More informationChapter-3. Introduction to Unix: Fundamental Commands
Chapter-3 Introduction to Unix: Fundamental Commands What You Will Learn The fundamental commands of the Unix operating system. Everything told for Unix here is applicable to the Linux operating system
More informationIntroduction to Unix: Fundamental Commands
Introduction to Unix: Fundamental Commands Ricky Patterson UVA Library Based on slides from Turgut Yilmaz Istanbul Teknik University 1 What We Will Learn The fundamental commands of the Unix operating
More informationHistory. Terminology. Opening a Terminal. Introduction to the Unix command line GNOME
Introduction to the Unix command line History Many contemporary computer operating systems, like Microsoft Windows and Mac OS X, offer primarily (but not exclusively) graphical user interfaces. The user
More informationExamples: Directory pathname: File pathname: /home/username/ics124/assignments/ /home/username/ops224/assignments/assn1.txt
ULI101 Week 03 Week Overview Absolute and relative pathnames File name expansion Shell basics Command execution in detail Recalling and editing previous commands Quoting Pathnames A pathname is a list
More informationIntroduction to the Linux Command Line
Introduction to the Linux Command Line May, 2015 How to Connect (securely) ssh sftp scp Basic Unix or Linux Commands Files & directories Environment variables Not necessarily in this order.? Getting Connected
More informationSession 1: Accessing MUGrid and Command Line Basics
Session 1: Accessing MUGrid and Command Line Basics Craig A. Struble, Ph.D. July 14, 2010 1 Introduction The Marquette University Grid (MUGrid) is a collection of dedicated and opportunistic resources
More informationUnix File System. Class Meeting 2. * Notes adapted by Joy Mukherjee from previous work by other members of the CS faculty at Virginia Tech
Unix File System Class Meeting 2 * Notes adapted by Joy Mukherjee from previous work by other members of the CS faculty at Virginia Tech Unix File System The file system is your interface to: physical
More informationOperating System Interaction via bash
Operating System Interaction via bash bash, or the Bourne-Again Shell, is a popular operating system shell that is used by many platforms bash uses the command line interaction style generally accepted
More informationOverview of the UNIX File System
Overview of the UNIX File System Navigating and Viewing Directories Adapted from Practical Unix and Programming Hunter College Copyright 2006 Stewart Weiss The UNIX file system The most distinguishing
More informationIntroduction to Linux. Fundamentals of Computer Science
Introduction to Linux Fundamentals of Computer Science Outline Operating Systems Linux History Linux Architecture Logging in to Linux Command Format Linux Filesystem Directory and File Commands Wildcard
More informationUsing LINUX a BCMB/CHEM 8190 Tutorial Updated (1/17/12)
Using LINUX a BCMB/CHEM 8190 Tutorial Updated (1/17/12) Objective: Learn some basic aspects of the UNIX operating system and how to use it. What is UNIX? UNIX is the operating system used by most computers
More informationThe Directory Structure
The Directory Structure All the files are grouped together in the directory structure. The file-system is arranged in a hierarchical structure, like an inverted tree. The top of the hierarchy is traditionally
More informationOxford University Computing Services. Getting Started with Unix
Oxford University Computing Services Getting Started with Unix Unix c3.1/2 Typographical Conventions Listed below are the typographical conventions used in this guide. Names of keys on the keyboard are
More informationOperating Systems. Copyleft 2005, Binnur Kurt
3 Operating Systems Copyleft 2005, Binnur Kurt Content The concept of an operating system. The internal architecture of an operating system. The architecture of the Linux operating system in more detail.
More informationOperating Systems 3. Operating Systems. Content. What is an Operating System? What is an Operating System? Resource Abstraction and Sharing
Content 3 Operating Systems The concept of an operating system. The internal architecture of an operating system. The architecture of the Linux operating system in more detail. How to log into (and out
More informationChapter Two. Lesson A. Objectives. Exploring the UNIX File System and File Security. Understanding Files and Directories
Chapter Two Exploring the UNIX File System and File Security Lesson A Understanding Files and Directories 2 Objectives Discuss and explain the UNIX file system Define a UNIX file system partition Use the
More informationUnix Filesystem. January 26 th, 2004 Class Meeting 2
Unix Filesystem January 26 th, 2004 Class Meeting 2 * Notes adapted by Christian Allgood from previous work by other members of the CS faculty at Virginia Tech Unix Filesystem! The filesystem is your interface
More information5/8/2012. Creating and Changing Directories Chapter 7
Creating and Changing Directories Chapter 7 Types of files File systems concepts Using directories to create order. Managing files in directories. Using pathnames to manage files in directories. Managing
More informationPhysics REU Unix Tutorial
Physics REU Unix Tutorial What is unix? Unix is an operating system. In simple terms, its the set of programs that makes a computer work. It can be broken down into three parts. (1) kernel: The component
More informationOperating Systems and Using Linux. Topics What is an Operating System? Linux Overview Frequently Used Linux Commands
Operating Systems and Using Linux Topics What is an Operating System? Linux Overview Frequently Used Linux Commands 1 What is an Operating System? A computer program that: Controls how the CPU, memory
More informationBasic Survival UNIX.
Basic Survival UNIX Many Unix based operating systems make available a Graphical User Interface for the sake of providing an easy way for less experienced users to work with the system. Some examples are
More informationCrash Course in Unix. For more info check out the Unix man pages -orhttp://www.cs.rpi.edu/~hollingd/unix. -or- Unix in a Nutshell (an O Reilly book).
Crash Course in Unix For more info check out the Unix man pages -orhttp://www.cs.rpi.edu/~hollingd/unix -or- Unix in a Nutshell (an O Reilly book). 1 Unix Accounts To access a Unix system you need to have
More informationUnix Tutorial Haverford Astronomy 2014/2015
Unix Tutorial Haverford Astronomy 2014/2015 Overview of Haverford astronomy computing resources This tutorial is intended for use on computers running the Linux operating system, including those in the
More informationOverview of the UNIX File System. Navigating and Viewing Directories
Overview of the UNIX File System Navigating and Viewing Directories Copyright 2006 Stewart Weiss The UNIX file system The most distinguishing characteristic of the UNIX file system is the nature of its
More informationScripting Languages Course 1. Diana Trandabăț
Scripting Languages Course 1 Diana Trandabăț Master in Computational Linguistics - 1 st year 2017-2018 Today s lecture Introduction to scripting languages What is a script? What is a scripting language
More informationIntroduction to Unix and Linux. Workshop 1: Directories and Files
Introduction to Unix and Linux Workshop 1: Directories and Files Genomics Core Lab TEXAS A&M UNIVERSITY CORPUS CHRISTI Anvesh Paidipala, Evan Krell, Kelly Pennoyer, Chris Bird Genomics Core Lab Informatics
More informationCSCI 2132 Software Development. Lecture 4: Files and Directories
CSCI 2132 Software Development Lecture 4: Files and Directories Instructor: Vlado Keselj Faculty of Computer Science Dalhousie University 12-Sep-2018 (4) CSCI 2132 1 Previous Lecture Some hardware concepts
More informationFirst of all, these notes will cover only a small subset of the available commands and utilities, and will cover most of those in a shallow fashion.
Warnings 1 First of all, these notes will cover only a small subset of the available commands and utilities, and will cover most of those in a shallow fashion. Read the relevant material in Sobell! If
More informationLinux Operating System Environment Computadors Grau en Ciència i Enginyeria de Dades Q2
Linux Operating System Environment Computadors Grau en Ciència i Enginyeria de Dades 2017-2018 Q2 Facultat d Informàtica de Barcelona This first lab session is focused on getting experience in working
More informationUser Guide Version 2.0
User Guide Version 2.0 Page 2 of 8 Summary Contents 1 INTRODUCTION... 3 2 SECURESHELL (SSH)... 4 2.1 ENABLING SSH... 4 2.2 DISABLING SSH... 4 2.2.1 Change Password... 4 2.2.2 Secure Shell Connection Information...
More informationLinux File System and Basic Commands
Linux File System and Basic Commands 0.1 Files, directories, and pwd The GNU/Linux operating system is much different from your typical Microsoft Windows PC, and probably looks different from Apple OS
More informationIntroduction to Linux Basics
Introduction to Linux Basics Part-I Georgia Advanced Computing Resource Center University of Georgia Zhuofei Hou, HPC Trainer zhuofei@uga.edu Outline What is GACRC? What is Linux? Linux Command, Shell
More informationINSE Lab 1 Introduction to UNIX Fall 2017
INSE 6130 - Lab 1 Introduction to UNIX Fall 2017 Updated by: Paria Shirani Overview In this lab session, students will learn the basics of UNIX /Linux commands. They will be able to perform the basic operations:
More informationCS Unix Tools. Lecture 2 Fall Hussam Abu-Libdeh based on slides by David Slater. September 10, 2010
Lecture 2 Fall 2010 Hussam Abu-Libdeh based on slides by David Slater September 10, 2010 Last Time We had a brief discussion On The Origin of Species *nix systems Today We roll our sleeves and get our
More informationUnix tutorial. Thanks to Michael Wood-Vasey (UPitt) and Beth Willman (Haverford) for providing Unix tutorials on which this is based.
Unix tutorial Thanks to Michael Wood-Vasey (UPitt) and Beth Willman (Haverford) for providing Unix tutorials on which this is based. Terminal windows You will use terminal windows to enter and execute
More informationCS Fundamentals of Programming II Fall Very Basic UNIX
CS 215 - Fundamentals of Programming II Fall 2012 - Very Basic UNIX This handout very briefly describes how to use Unix and how to use the Linux server and client machines in the CS (Project) Lab (KC-265)
More informationContents. Note: pay attention to where you are. Note: Plaintext version. Note: pay attention to where you are... 1 Note: Plaintext version...
Contents Note: pay attention to where you are........................................... 1 Note: Plaintext version................................................... 1 Hello World of the Bash shell 2 Accessing
More informationUnix/Linux Primer. Taras V. Pogorelov and Mike Hallock School of Chemical Sciences, University of Illinois
Unix/Linux Primer Taras V. Pogorelov and Mike Hallock School of Chemical Sciences, University of Illinois August 25, 2017 This primer is designed to introduce basic UNIX/Linux concepts and commands. No
More informationCSC 112 Lab 1: Introduction to Unix and C++ Fall 2009
CSC 112 Lab 1: Introduction to Unix and C++ Fall 2009 Due: Friday, September 4 th, 9:00am Introduction The operating system of a computer is the coordinator of all of the computer s activities, including
More informationFirst of all, these notes will cover only a small subset of the available commands and utilities, and will cover most of those in a shallow fashion.
Warnings Linux Commands 1 First of all, these notes will cover only a small subset of the available commands and utilities, and will cover most of those in a shallow fashion. Read the relevant material
More informationIntroduction to Linux Workshop 1
Introduction to Linux Workshop 1 The George Washington University SEAS Computing Facility Created by Jason Hurlburt, Hadi Mohammadi, Marco Suarez hurlburj@gwu.edu Logging In The lab computers will authenticate
More informationCSE115 Lab exercises for week 1 of recitations Spring 2011
Introduction In this first lab you will be introduced to the computing environment in the Baldy 21 lab. If you are familiar with Unix or Linux you may know how to do some or all of the following tasks.
More informationThis lab exercise is to be submitted at the end of the lab session! passwd [That is the command to change your current password to a new one]
Data and Computer Security (CMPD414) Lab II Topics: secure login, moving into HOME-directory, navigation on Unix, basic commands for vi, Message Digest This lab exercise is to be submitted at the end of
More informationWeek 2 Lecture 3. Unix
Lecture 3 Unix Terminal and Shell 2 Terminal Prompt Command Argument Result 3 Shell Intro A system program that allows a user to execute: shell functions (e.g., ls -la) other programs (e.g., eclipse) shell
More informationEECS Software Tools. Lab 2 Tutorial: Introduction to UNIX/Linux. Tilemachos Pechlivanoglou
EECS 2031 - Software Tools Lab 2 Tutorial: Introduction to UNIX/Linux Tilemachos Pechlivanoglou (tipech@eecs.yorku.ca) Sep 22 & 25, 2017 Material marked with will be in your exams Sep 22 & 25, 2017 Introduction
More informationUnix Introduction. Part 3
Unix Introduction Part 3 More Unix Commands cat more head tail Working with files Now that you can navigate directories and move files around, you need to be able to work with the files and directories
More informationTutorial 1: Unix Basics
Tutorial 1: Unix Basics To log in to your ece account, enter your ece username and password in the space provided in the login screen. Note that when you type your password, nothing will show up in the
More informationBioinformatics? Reads, assembly, annotation, comparative genomics and a bit of phylogeny.
Bioinformatics? Reads, assembly, annotation, comparative genomics and a bit of phylogeny stefano.gaiarsa@unimi.it Linux and the command line PART 1 Survival kit for the bash environment Purpose of the
More informationEECS2301. Lab 1 Winter 2016
EECS2301 Lab 1 Winter 2016 Lab Objectives In this lab, you will be introduced to the Linux operating system. The basic commands will be presented in this lab. By the end of you alb, you will be asked to
More informationIntroduction to Linux and Supercomputers
Introduction to Linux and Supercomputers Doug Crabill Senior Academic IT Specialist Department of Statistics Purdue University dgc@purdue.edu What you will learn How to log into a Linux Supercomputer Basics
More informationFirst of all, these notes will cover only a small subset of the available commands and utilities, and will cover most of those in a shallow fashion.
Warnings 1 First of all, these notes will cover only a small subset of the available commands and utilities, and will cover most of those in a shallow fashion. Read the relevant material in Sobell! If
More informationUNIX COMMANDS AND SHELLS. UNIX Programming 2015 Fall by Euiseong Seo
UNIX COMMANDS AND SHELLS UNIX Programming 2015 Fall by Euiseong Seo What is a Shell? A system program that allows a user to execute Shell functions (internal commands) Other programs (external commands)
More informationLinux Refresher (1) 310/ Fourth Workshop on Distributed Laboratory Instrumentation Systems (30 October - 24 November 2006)
310/1779-4 Fourth Workshop on Distributed Laboratory Instrumentation Systems (30 October - 24 November 2006) Linux Refresher (1) Razaq Babalola IJADUOLA These lecture notes are intended only for distribution
More informationCOMS 6100 Class Notes 3
COMS 6100 Class Notes 3 Daniel Solus September 1, 2016 1 General Remarks The class was split into two main sections. We finished our introduction to Linux commands by reviewing Linux commands I and II
More informationLinux & Shell Programming 2014
Unit -1: Introduction to UNIX/LINUX Operating System Practical Practice Questions: Find errors (if any) otherwise write output or interpretation of following commands. (Consider default shell is bash shell.)
More informationUNLV Computer Science Department CS 135 Lab Manual
UNLV Computer Science Department CS 135 Lab Manual prepared by Lee Misch revised July 2013 CS 135 Lab Manual Content Page Introduction 3 CS Computer Accounts. 3 TBE B361 Computer Basics. 3 Choosing an
More informationIntroduction to UNIX. Logging in. Basic System Architecture 10/7/10. most systems have graphical login on Linux machines
Introduction to UNIX Logging in Basic system architecture Getting help Intro to shell (tcsh) Basic UNIX File Maintenance Intro to emacs I/O Redirection Shell scripts Logging in most systems have graphical
More informationIntroduction to Linux
Introduction to Linux The command-line interface A command-line interface (CLI) is a type of interface, that is, a way to interact with a computer. Window systems, punched cards or a bunch of dials, buttons
More informationUnix background. COMP9021, Session 2, Using the Terminal application, open an x-term window. You type your commands in an x-term window.
Unix background COMP9021, Session 2, 2016 1 Introduction Using the Terminal application, open an x-term window. You type your commands in an x-term window. Many commands take one or more arguments. Many
More informationCS197U: A Hands on Introduction to Unix
CS197U: A Hands on Introduction to Unix Lecture 3: UNIX Operating System Organization Tian Guo CICS, Umass Amherst 1 Reminders Assignment 2 is due THURSDAY 09/24 at 3:45 pm Directions are on the website
More informationShell Programming Overview
Overview Shell programming is a way of taking several command line instructions that you would use in a Unix command prompt and incorporating them into one program. There are many versions of Unix. Some
More informationShort Read Sequencing Analysis Workshop
Short Read Sequencing Analysis Workshop Day 2 Learning the Linux Compute Environment In-class Slides Matt Hynes-Grace Manager of IT Operations, BioFrontiers Institute Review of Day 2 Videos Video 1 Introduction
More informationUNIX File Hierarchy: Structure and Commands
UNIX File Hierarchy: Structure and Commands The UNIX operating system organizes files into a tree structure with a root named by the character /. An example of the directory tree is shown below. / bin
More informationTHE HONG KONG POLYTECHNIC UNIVERSITY Department of Electronic and Information Engineering
THE HONG KONG POLYTECHNIC UNIVERSITY Department of Electronic and Information Engineering ENG224 Information Technology Part I: Computers and the Internet Laboratory 2 Linux Shell Commands and vi Editor
More informationThis is Lab Worksheet 3 - not an Assignment
This is Lab Worksheet 3 - not an Assignment This Lab Worksheet contains some practical examples that will prepare you to complete your Assignments. You do not have to hand in this Lab Worksheet. Make sure
More informationSome Linux (Unix) Commands that might help you in ENSC351
Some Linux (Unix) Commands that might help you in ENSC351 First, like Windows, Linux and Unix (for our purposes, they are the basically the same) use a hierarchical directory structure. What would be called
More informationTable Of Contents. 1. Zoo Information a. Logging in b. Transferring files 2. Unix Basics 3. Homework Commands
Table Of Contents 1. Zoo Information a. Logging in b. Transferring files 2. Unix Basics 3. Homework Commands Getting onto the Zoo Type ssh @node.zoo.cs.yale.edu, and enter your netid pass when prompted.
More informationAppendix B WORKSHOP. SYS-ED/ Computer Education Techniques, Inc.
Appendix B WORKSHOP SYS-ED/ Computer Education Techniques, Inc. 1 Introduction There are no workshops for this chapter. The instructor will provide demonstrations and examples. SYS-ED/COMPUTER EDUCATION
More informationLinux Training. for New Users of Cluster. Georgia Advanced Computing Resource Center University of Georgia Suchitra Pakala
Linux Training for New Users of Cluster Georgia Advanced Computing Resource Center University of Georgia Suchitra Pakala pakala@uga.edu 1 Overview GACRC Linux Operating System Shell, Filesystem, and Common
More informationRead the relevant material in Sobell! If you want to follow along with the examples that follow, and you do, open a Linux terminal.
Warnings 1 First of all, these notes will cover only a small subset of the available commands and utilities, and will cover most of those in a shallow fashion. Read the relevant material in Sobell! If
More informationIntroduction: What is Unix?
Introduction Introduction: What is Unix? An operating system Developed at AT&T Bell Labs in the 1960 s Command Line Interpreter GUIs (Window systems) are now available Introduction: Unix vs. Linux Unix
More informationCS 215 Fundamentals of Programming II Spring 2019 Very Basic UNIX
CS 215 Fundamentals of Programming II Spring 2019 Very Basic UNIX This handout very briefly describes how to use Unix and how to use the Linux server and client machines in the EECS labs that dual boot
More informationDATA 301 Introduction to Data Analytics Command Line. Dr. Ramon Lawrence University of British Columbia Okanagan
DATA 301 Introduction to Data Analytics Command Line Dr. Ramon Lawrence University of British Columbia Okanagan ramon.lawrence@ubc.ca Why learn the Command Line? The command line is the text interface
More informationWhy learn the Command Line? The command line is the text interface to the computer. DATA 301 Introduction to Data Analytics Command Line
DATA 301 Introduction to Data Analytics Command Line Why learn the Command Line? The command line is the text interface to the computer. DATA 301: Data Analytics (2) Understanding the command line allows
More informationIntroduction to Linux Spring 2014, Section 02, Lecture 3 Jason Tang
Introduction to Linux Spring 2014, Section 02, Lecture 3 Jason Tang Topics What is an Operating System Overview of Linux Linux commands Shell Submit system What is an Operating System? Special type of
More informationIntroduction to Linux and Cluster Computing Environments for Bioinformatics
Introduction to Linux and Cluster Computing Environments for Bioinformatics Doug Crabill Senior Academic IT Specialist Department of Statistics Purdue University dgc@purdue.edu What you will learn Linux
More information15-122: Principles of Imperative Computation
15-122: Principles of Imperative Computation Lab 0 Navigating your account in Linux Tom Cortina, Rob Simmons Unlike typical graphical interfaces for operating systems, here you are entering commands directly
More informationGetting Started with UNIX
Getting Started with UNIX What is UNIX? Boston University Information Services & Technology Course Number: 4000 Course Instructor: Kenny Burns Operating System Interface between a user and the computer
More informationCMSC 104 Lecture 2 by S Lupoli adapted by C Grasso
CMSC 104 Lecture 2 by S Lupoli adapted by C Grasso A layer of software that runs between the hardware and the user. Controls how the CPU, memory and I/O devices work together to execute programs Keeps
More informationIntroduction to remote command line Linux. Research Computing Team University of Birmingham
Introduction to remote command line Linux Research Computing Team University of Birmingham Linux/UNIX/BSD/OSX/what? v All different v UNIX is the oldest, mostly now commercial only in large environments
More informationUsing the Zoo Workstations
Using the Zoo Workstations Version 1.86: January 16, 2014 If you ve used Linux before, you can probably skip many of these instructions, but skim just in case. Please direct corrections and suggestions
More informationLezione 8. Shell command language Introduction. Sommario. Bioinformatica. Mauro Ceccanti e Alberto Paoluzzi
Lezione 8 Bioinformatica Mauro Ceccanti e Alberto Paoluzzi Dip. Informatica e Automazione Università Roma Tre Dip. Medicina Clinica Università La Sapienza Sommario Shell command language Introduction A
More informationOperating Systems. Engr. Abdul-Rahman Mahmood MS, PMP, MCP, QMR(ISO9001:2000) alphapeeler.sf.net/pubkeys/pkey.htm
Operating Systems Engr. Abdul-Rahman Mahmood MS, PMP, MCP, QMR(ISO9001:2000) armahmood786@yahoo.com alphasecure@gmail.com alphapeeler.sf.net/pubkeys/pkey.htm http://alphapeeler.sourceforge.net pk.linkedin.com/in/armahmood
More informationcommandname flags arguments
Unix Review, additional Unix commands CS101, Mock Introduction This handout/lecture reviews some basic UNIX commands that you should know how to use. A more detailed description of this and other commands
More information1 Installation (briefly)
Jumpstart Linux Bo Waggoner Updated: 2014-09-15 Abstract A basic, rapid tutorial on Linux and its command line for the absolute beginner. Prerequisites: a computer on which to install, a DVD and/or USB
More informationEssential Linux Shell Commands
Essential Linux Shell Commands Special Characters Quoting and Escaping Change Directory Show Current Directory List Directory Contents Working with Files Working with Directories Special Characters There
More informationWelcome to getting started with Ubuntu Server. This System Administrator Manual. guide to be simple to follow, with step by step instructions
Welcome to getting started with Ubuntu 12.04 Server. This System Administrator Manual guide to be simple to follow, with step by step instructions with screenshots INDEX 1.Installation of Ubuntu 12.04
More informationChapter 4. Unix Tutorial. Unix Shell
Chapter 4 Unix Tutorial Users and applications interact with hardware through an operating system (OS). Unix is a very basic operating system in that it has just the essentials. Many operating systems,
More informationMills HPC Tutorial Series. Linux Basics I
Mills HPC Tutorial Series Linux Basics I Objectives Command Line Window Anatomy Command Structure Command Examples Help Files and Directories Permissions Wildcards and Home (~) Redirection and Pipe Create
More informationCHAPTER 1 UNIX FOR NONPROGRAMMERS
CHAPTER 1 UNIX FOR NONPROGRAMMERS The man command is used to display the manual entry associated with word entered as argument. The -k option is used displays a list of manual entries that contain entered
More informationIntroduction to Linux
Introduction to Linux Mukesh Pund Principal Scientist, NISCAIR, New Delhi, India History In 1969, a team of developers developed a new operating system called Unix which was written using C Linus Torvalds,
More informationIntroduction to UNIX command-line
Introduction to UNIX command-line Boyce Thompson Institute March 17, 2015 Lukas Mueller & Noe Fernandez Class Content Terminal file system navigation Wildcards, shortcuts and special characters File permissions
More informationCS 307: UNIX PROGRAMMING ENVIRONMENT FIND COMMAND
CS 307: UNIX PROGRAMMING ENVIRONMENT FIND COMMAND Prof. Michael J. Reale Fall 2014 Finding Files in a Directory Tree Suppose you want to find a file with a certain filename (or with a filename matching
More informationCSC111 Computer Science II
CSC111 Computer Science II Lab 1 Getting to know Linux Introduction The purpose of this lab is to introduce you to the command line interface in Linux. Getting started In our labs If you are in one of
More informationIntro to Linux. this will open up a new terminal window for you is super convenient on the computers in the lab
Basic Terminal Intro to Linux ssh short for s ecure sh ell usage: ssh [host]@[computer].[otheripstuff] for lab computers: ssh [CSID]@[comp].cs.utexas.edu can get a list of active computers from the UTCS
More information5/20/2007. Touring Essential Programs
Touring Essential Programs Employing fundamental utilities. Managing input and output. Using special characters in the command-line. Managing user environment. Surveying elements of a functioning system.
More informationLezione 8. Shell command language Introduction. Sommario. Bioinformatica. Esercitazione Introduzione al linguaggio di shell
Lezione 8 Bioinformatica Mauro Ceccanti e Alberto Paoluzzi Esercitazione Introduzione al linguaggio di shell Dip. Informatica e Automazione Università Roma Tre Dip. Medicina Clinica Università La Sapienza
More informationStd: XI CHAPTER-3 LINUX
Commands: General format: Command Option Argument Command: ls - Lists the contents of a file. Option: Begins with minus sign (-) ls a Lists including the hidden files. Argument refers to the name of a
More informationLab Working with Linux Command Line
Introduction In this lab, you will use the Linux command line to manage files and folders and perform some basic administrative tasks. Recommended Equipment A computer with a Linux OS, either installed
More information