UltraScience Net Update: Network Research Experiments
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1 UltraScience Net Update: Network Research Experiments Nagi Rao, Bill Wing, Susan Hicks, Paul Newman, Steven Carter Oak Ridge National Laboratory February 12, 2007 JointTechs Meeting Minneapolis, MN Sponsored by High-Performance Networking Program Office of Science U.S. Department of Energy
2 Outline USN Architecture and Deployment Testbed Network Research Activities Peering and Alignment UVA, HOPI VLANS Testing and Analysis HOPI, ESnet-OSCARS Infiniband over SONET ORNL/NLCF Microscope Control PNL
3 DOE UltraScience Net In a Nutshell Experimental Network Research Testbed: To support advanced networking and related application technologies for DOE largescale science projects Features End-to-end guaranteed bandwidth channels Dynamic, in-advance, reservation and provisioning of fractional/full lambdas Secure control-plane for signaling Proximity to DOE sites: NLCF, FNL,NERSC Peering with ESnet, NSF CHEETAH, HOPI and other networks $6M over 4 years
4 USN Architecture: Separate Data-Plane and Control-Planes No data plane continuity: can be partitioned into islands - necessitated out-of band control plane Secure control-plane: Encryption, authentication and authorization On-demand and advanced provisioning Dual OC192 backbone: SONET-switched in the backbone Ethernet-SONET conversion
5 USN Data-Plane: Node Configuration In the Core: Two OC192 switched by Ciena CDCIs at OC3c resolution At the Edge 10/1 GigE provisioning using Force10 E300s using VLANs Node Configuration Linux host e300 10GigE GigE 10GigE WAN PHY Connections to CalTech and ESnet CDCI GigE OC192 to Seattle Data Plane User Connections: Direct connections to: core switches SONET &1GigE MSPP Ethernet channels (VLANs) Utilize USN hosts
6 Secure Control-Plane VPN-based authentication, encryption and firewall Netscreen ns-50 at ORNL ns-5 at each node Centralized server at ORNL bandwidth scheduling signaling Also used as management plane linuxhost ns-5 VPN tunnel e300 CDCI linuxhost ns-50 e300 CDCI Control server
7 USN Control Plane Phase I ( ) Centralized path computation for bandwidth optimization TL1/CLI-based communication with CoreDirectors and E300s User access via centralized web-based scheduler Phase II (2006) Webservices interface X509 authentication for web server and service Phase II (current) GMPLS wrappers for TL1/CLI Inter-domain secured GMPLS-based interface Webpage for manual bandwidth reservation WSDL for webservice Bandwidth reservation Both use USN SSL Certificates for authorization
8 Outline USN Architecture and Deployment Testbed Network Research Activities Peering and Alignment - UVA VLANS Testing and Analysis ISI, TnTech Infiniband over SONET ORNL/NLCF Microscope Control PNL
9 Data-Plane Alignment Over Layer 1-3 Networks Peering data-paths across networks that provide over Layer 1-3 connections : SONET layer-1 paths MPLS layer-3 paths Feasibility and Performance of Composed SONET-MPLS VLANS: Data-plane unification of dedicated paths over layer-1, layer-2 and layer-3 paths Broader Question: Peering data-paths across networks that provide VLANs over Layer-1 or layer-2 or layer-3 Systematic analysis of application and IP level measurements: Using USN, ESnet and CHEETAH, we collected iperf, ping and TCP measurements performed comparative performance analysis composed and tested VLANS over SONET and IP connections Broader Networking Question: Layer-1 or layer-2 or layer-3 channels for dedicated bandwidth connections?
10 VLAN Unifying Data-Plane Technology for Peering Layer and 3 Networks IP networks VLANs Implemented in MPLS tunnels Circuit switched networks VLANs Implemented on top of Ethernet or SONET channels Align IP and circuit connections at VLAN level IP network Alignment of VLANs Circuit Switched VLAN over MPLS MPLS tunnel VLAN Over Ethernet Or SONET Layer-1/2 connection
11 USN ESnet VLAN through L3-L2 paths Collaborators: Chin Guok, Eli Dart (ESnet) ESnet: layer-3 VLAN: T320-T320 Cisco Gbps channel over USN and ESnet cross-connect on e300 USN UltraScience Net: Layer-2 E300 CDCI - - CDCI E300
12 USN CHEETAH VLAN through L3-L2 paths Collaborators: Malathi Veeraraghvan, U. Virginia UltraScience Net: Layer-2 VLAN: E300 CDCI - - CDCI E300 CHEETAH: layer layer 2 VLAN: T640-T640 SN16000 Cisco 3750 UltraScienceNet CHEETAH VLAN USN VLAN Coast-to-cost 1Gbps channel demonstrated over in 2006 USN and CHEETAH simple cross-connect on e300 CHEETAH
13 Layer-3 and Layer-2 Connections: iperf TCP Throughput Measurements No. streams 1-10 repeated 100 times ESnet Chicago-Sunnyvale Layer-3: MPLS tunnel Ping: 67ms ~3000 miles Comparison On layer-2 connection higher throughput is achieved with more streams Layer 2: 906 Mbps Layer 3: 852 Mbps USN ORNL-Chicago-..- ORNL-Chicago Layer 2 over OC21c Ethernet over SONET Ping: 66ms ~3500 miles no. streams repetitions throughput no. of streams
14 Layer 3 and Layer 2 Connections: iperf UDP Throughput Measurements Target bw: 100, 200,, 1100 repeated 100 times ESnet Chicago-Sunnyvale Layer-3: MPLS tunnel Ping: 67ms ~3000 miles USN ORNL-Chicago-. -ORNL-Chicago Layer 2 over OC21c Ethernet over SONET Ping: 66ms ~3500 miles Comparison Profiles are almost identical Layer 2: 958 Mbps Layer 3: 953 Mbps throughput target b/w throughput target b/w repetition
15 1GigE Over SONET: USN test configurations Linux Linux host host Copper GigE E300 E300 ORNL 700 miles- OC21c ORNL ORNL CDCI CDCI Chicago CDCI CDCI Starlight ORNL Chicago miles Multiple loops: 2100, 3500, 4900, 6300 miles E300 E300 Linux Linux host host Copper GigE
16 USN Connections: iperf TCP Measurements Throughput profile lowers with distance: Linux-host e300 CDCI.. CDCI e300 linux host 2100 miles 3500 miles 4900 miles 6300 miles
17 USN-ESnet layer 2-3 Hybrid Connection Iperf TCP Throughput Measurements Throughput profile lowers with distance: ESnet: T320 T320 Cisco6509 USN: e300 CDCI CDCI e miles miles miles miles miles
18 Connection Profile: Window-based UDP transport Collaboration with Qishi Wu, University of Memphis ESnet Chicago-Sunnyvale ESnet-USN ORNL-Chicago-Sunnyvale USN ORNL-Chicago-..- ORNL-Chicago Layer-3: MPLS tunnel Layers 1-3: Ping: 67ms Hybrid connection ~3000 miles Layer 2 over OC21c Ping: 67ms ~3500 miles Ethernet over SONET Ping: 134ms ~6500 miles
19 Peak Link Utilization Protocol Collaboration with Qishi Wu, University of Memphis ESnet Chicago-Sunnyvale ESnet-USN ORNL-Chicago-Sunnyvale USN ORNL-Chicago-..- ORNL-Chicago
20 1GigE Over SONET: USN test configurations Collaborators: Tom Lehman, HOPI; Chin Guok, OSCARS; Nasir Ghani, Tn Tech Linux Linux host host Linux Linux host host Copper GigE ORNL E300 E300 E300 E300 ORNL ORNL CDCI CDCI 700 miles Chicago CDCI CDCI 3300 miles 4300 miles Seattle Seattle Sunnyvale CDCI CDCI CDCI CDCI ORNL Chicago - loop 1400 miles Multiple loops: 1400, 2800, 4200, 5600, 7000, 8400, 9800, 11200, miles ORNL Chicago Seattle Sunnyvale - loop 8600 miles Multiple loops: 8600, 17200, 25800, miles
21 USN test configurations: Ping RTT ORNL Chicago Seattle Sunnyvale - loop 8600 miles miles 8,600 17,200 25,800 34,400 rtt(ms) ORNL Chicago - loop 1400 miles miles 1,400 2,800 4,200 5,600 7,000 8,400 9,800 11,200 12,600 rtt (ms)
22 Jitter Measurements Suite 1. TCP clientserver: client sends a message and server echo back 2. Tcpmon: client sends a message size and server sends the message 3. Ping 5600 miles 1GigE VLAN Four 1400 mile loops USN: ORNL-Chicago OC192
23 Jitter Regression Band Concept: Regression Fit delays vs connection length Dl () Decompose measurements into above and below regression Separate Upper and Lower regression fit D () U l Regression band if difference between upper and lower regression functions UL D () L l B () l = U() l L() l RTT Dl () Connection length in miles D () U l D () L l
24 Measurements Summary 12,000 miles Non-linear transformation to show jitter client-server tcp VLAN on SONET OC-21 Multiple USN ORNL-Chicago loops Each loop is 1400 miles tcpmon ping miles 1,400 2,800 4,200 5,600 7,000 8,400 9,800 11,200 12,600 rtt (ms)
25 Jitter regression bands for VLANs on SONET paths: [5600, 12,600] miles Jitter regression band is narrow: weighted with frequency client-server tcp tcpmon B () l = U() l L() l UL Ping measurements are constant times ping
26 Normalization Framework Basic Question: Measurements are collected on two connections of different lengths and types. How do we objectively compare them? Example: Ping measurements on 1000 mile SONET-VLAN and 300 mile MPLS-VLAN, can we objectively conclude about jitter on such VLANs? M T ( d) Measurements on path of type T of distance d Mˆ T ( d) Estimates of measurements on path of type T of distance d P Mˆ T ( d) Parameters computed using measurements M ( d ) M T ( d 2 2) T 1 1 Θ T1 Mˆ ( d) M ˆ ( ) T d 2 T 1 Interpolation based on regression Θ T2 P Mˆ ( d) T 1 ℵ P P Mˆ ( d) T 2
27 Jitter Comparison on SONET-MPLS VLANs USN ORNL-Chicago 1Gig VLAN on SONET 1400 miles E300- CDCI CDCI E300 ORNL ATL sox 1Gig production IP connection 300 miles T640 T640 M SONET (1400) M MPLS (300) Θ T1 Interpolation based on linear regression Θ T2 identity Mˆ SONET (300) Mˆ MPLS (300) P Mˆ SONET (300) ℵ P P Mˆ MPLS (300) Align jitter regression band Another Method P - FFT ℵ P -Identity
28 Composed VLAN: SONET and Layer-3 Channels - Gig 1300 miles E300 E300 switch switch 1400 miles 1Gig VLAN Layer-2 CDCI CDCI CDCI CDCI switch switch switch switch E300 E300 switch switch 300 miles VLAN Layer-3 T640 T640 T640 T640 router router router router host host Number of measurements=999 mean ping time= percent range: [ , ] range: [ , ]: std_deviation (percent)= host host
![mean time=26.845877ms percent range: [99.8,100.6] std_dev (%)= 0.](/docs-images/89/100967584/images/29-4.jpg "187035 mean time=9.384557ms percent range:[99.4,203.")
29 Comparison of VLANs: SONET vs. MPLS tunnels Measurements are normalized for comparison: SONET IP-MPLS mean time= ms percent range: [99.8,100.6] std_dev (%)= mean time= ms percent range:[99.4,203.5] Conclusion std_dev (%)= VLANs over SONET have smaller jitter levels
30 Normalized Comparison of VLANs: SONET - SONET-MPLS composed L2MPLS Measurements are normalized for comparison: SONET mean time= ms std_dev (%)= SONET-MPLS composite mean time= ms std_dev (%)= SONET channels have smaller jitter levels L2MPLS mean time= ms std_dev (%)=
31 Infiniband Over SONET Joint with ORNL/NLCF collaborators: Makia Minich, Feiyi Wang, Steven Carter Infiniband is effective data transport protocol for storage networks (few miles): TCP is not easily extended or not optimal for such data transfers Question: Is IB effective over wide-area? - Yes Linux Linux host host Linux Linux host host IB 4x longbow IB/S IB/S longbow IB/S IB/S ORNL ORNL ORNL CDCI CDCI ORNL loop -0.2 mile: 7.5Gbps 700 miles Chicago CDCI CDCI ORNL-Chicago loop 1400 miles: 7.46Gbps ORNL- Chicago - Seattle loop 6600 miles: 7.23Gbps 3300 miles 4300 miles Seattle Seattle CDCI CDCI Sunnyvale CDCI CDCI IB 4x: 8Gbps (full speed) Host-to-host local switch:7.5gbps ORNL Chicago Seattle - Sunnyvale loop 8600 miles: 7.20Gbps
32 Infiniband Over SONET IB 4x: 8Gbps (full speed) Host-to-host local switch:7.5gbps Host-loopback ORNL loop -0.2 mile: 7.5Gbps ORNL-Chicago loop 1400 miles: 7.46Gbps ORNL- Chicago - Seattle loop 6600 miles: 7.23Gbps ORNL Chicago Seattle - Sunnyvale loop 8600 miles: 7.20Gbps
33 Remote Microscope Control Over USN PNL Project: Tom McKenna ORNL E300 E300 OC192 ORNL ORNL CDCI CDCI 700 miles Chicago CDCI CDCI 3300 miles Seattle Seattle CDCI CDCI PNL E300 E300 10GigE windows host host Demonstrated control of confocal microscopes between ORNL and PNL Viewed subject online Controlled microscope view 10GigE Windows sever sever
34 Conclusions UltraScience Net USN Infrastructure development is close to completion USN continues its research role in advanced networking projects: Networking Technologies for Leadership Class Facilities Connectivity to supercomputers Testing of storage/file systems: Infiniband, Lustre Integrated Multi-Domain Interoperation System for USN-ESnet- CHEETAH-HOPI on-going efforts with OSCARS and HOPI Control of confocal microscopes at PNL Configuration and testing of hybrid connections USN website: Nagi Rao or Bill Wing
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