Test Conditions. Closed book, closed notes, no calculator, no laptop just brains 75 minutes. Steven M. Bellovin October 19,
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1 Test Conditions Closed book, closed notes, no calculator, no laptop just brains 75 minutes Steven M. Bellovin October 19,
2 Form 8 questions I m not asking you to write programs or even pseudo-code Three types of questions Explanations of certain concepts, somewhat above the pure memorization level Carrying out tasks based on things discussed in class Design questions (i.e., ones intended to make you think) Steven M. Bellovin October 19,
3 Material If it s in my slides or I said it in class, you re responsible for it There will be some material based more on the readings, but that s not the focus You re responsible for the assigned readings at about the level of class coverage. Thus, since I ve talked about very few equations, you don t really need to know any equations or proofs from the reading Steven M. Bellovin October 19,
4 Example What s important about RSA is (a) it s based on the difficulty of factoring large numbers; (b) primality testing of large numbers is relatively easy; (c) the public and private keys are, in a mathematical sense, interchangeable. I m not asking you to know that ed 1 (mod ()p 1)(q 1) or how to calculate e given d, p, and q but that the calculation is feasible is important, because it means that RSA is usable. It s probably not worth your while to ask me if such-and-such is on the exam Steven M. Bellovin October 19,
5 So What s Important? Everything... Steven M. Bellovin October 19,
6 More Seriously I can t quiz you on everything I ve covered in a dozen lectures I can t review 15 hours of class time today I m to some extent limited by the kinds of things it s feasible to ask on an exam Steven M. Bellovin October 19,
7 Introduction What is security? What are the different attributes? How do they interact? Who is the enemy? Steven M. Bellovin October 19,
8 Access Control The role of hardware Historical mechanisms Multics; multi-ring protection Principle of Least Privilege The need for assurance Steven M. Bellovin October 19,
9 Operating Systems The role of the OS Authentication Identity versus attribute access control File permissions Especially Unix file permissions Forms of access control Database access control Steven M. Bellovin October 19,
10 Complex Access Control Complex access control mechanisms Role-based access control Mandatory access control levels and categories Determining access rights in a lattice Using MAC for read and write permission Object security versus information flow security Steven M. Bellovin October 19,
11 Privileges Kinds of privileges Mapping privilege to operating system primitives Acquiring privileges SetUID, and its strengths and weaknesses Combining access controls and SetUID Message-passing, and its strengths and weaknesses Steven M. Bellovin October 19,
12 Authentication What is identification, authentication, authorization? Types of authentication Passwords and their weaknesses How to store passwords Tokens, and their strengths and weaknesses Two-factor authentication Cryptography and authentication Steven M. Bellovin October 19,
13 Biometrics Types of biometrics, and their properties Advantages and disadvantages of biometrics Systems issues with biometrics Biometrics and cryptography Steven M. Bellovin October 19,
14 Certificates What is a certificate? What is a certificate authority? Identity versus authorization certificate Revocation Systems issues Usage scenarios for different authentication schemes Steven M. Bellovin October 19,
15 Cryptography and Cryptographic Engineering Properties of good cryptosystems Kerckhoff s Law Keys Types of ciphers and their properties Brute force attacks Cryptographic modes of operation and their properties File system encryption Steven M. Bellovin October 19,
16 Public Key Cryptography; Hash Functions What is public key crypto? What is it good for? Key-handling Hybrid public/symmetric crypto Digital signatures Digital versus physical signatures Cryptographic hash functions Properties of such functions Steven M. Bellovin October 19,
17 Key Management; Random Numbers What is a cryptographic protocol? What are the risks and benefits of symmetric versus public key cryptographic protocols? Protecting keys Cryptographic hardware Random numbers Hardware versus software random number generators Properties and risks of each Seeds for software random number generators Steven M. Bellovin October 19,
18 Secure Programming Bugs as a security issue Buffer overflows and (roughly) how they work Defending against buffer overflow attacks The role of specifications Format string attacks Input validation Filtering Steven M. Bellovin October 19,
19 More Secure Programming Macro injection attacks Program environment Inherited attributes Filename parsing Unicode File access by setuid programs Race conditions Steven M. Bellovin October 19,
20 Protecting the Client Risks to clients and the web Smart cards Attacking smart cards Understanding the enemy s goal Stored value versus database pointer Steven M. Bellovin October 19,
21 DRM Approaches to DRM Policies Implementing DRM in the OS Attacking DRM Trusted hardware and tamper-resistance Watermarking Steven M. Bellovin October 19,
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