CS 457 Networking and the Internet. What is Routing. Forwarding versus Routing 9/27/16. Fall 2016 Indrajit Ray. A famous quotation from RFC 791
|
|
- Louisa Greer
- 5 years ago
- Views:
Transcription
1 CS 457 Networking and the Internet Fall 2016 Indrajit Ray What is Routing A famous quotation from RFC 791 A name indicates what we seek An address indicates where it is A route indicates how we get there Jon Postel Forwarding versus Routing Forwarding: at the data plane Directing a packet to an outgoing link Individual router using a forwarding table Routing: at the control plane Computing paths the packet will follow Involves routers talking to each other Individual router creates a forwarding table 1
2 Routing vs. Forwarding Why Does Routing Matter End-to-end performance Quality of the path affects user performance Propagation delay, throughput, packet loss Use of network resources Balance of the traffic over routers and links Avoid congestion by directing traffic to lightly loaded links Transient disruptions during changes Failures, maintenance, load balancing Limiting packet loss and delay during changes Forwarding vs. Routing Forwarding table VS Routing table Forwarding table Used when a packet is being forwarded and so must contain enough information to accomplish the forwarding function A row in the forwarding table contains the mapping from a network number to an outgoing interface and some MAC information, such as Ethernet Address of the next hop Routing table Built by the routing algorithm as a precursor to build the forwarding table Generally contains mapping from network numbers to next hops 2
3 Forwarding Table vs. Routing Table Example rows from (a) routing and (b) forwarding tables Routing Network as a Graph The basic problem of routing is to find the lowest-cost path between any two nodes Where the cost of a path equals the sum of the costs of all the edges that make up the path Routing For a simple network, we can calculate all shortest paths and load them into some nonvolatile storage on each node. Such a static approach has several shortcomings It does not deal with node or link failures It does not consider the addition of new nodes or links It implies that edge costs cannot change What is the solution? Need a distributed and dynamic protocol Two main classes of protocols Distance Vector Link State 3
4 Routing Algorithm Classification Global or decentralized Global All routers have complete topology and link cost info link state algorithms Decentralized Routers knows about physically connected neighbors Iterative process of computation, exchange of info with neighbors distance vector algorithms Static or dynamic Static Manual configuration When routes very slowly over time after human intervention Dynamic When routes may change quickly Periodic update In response to link cost changes In response to link failures Distance Vector Each node constructs a one dimensional array (a vector) containing the distances (costs) to all other nodes and distributes that vector to its immediate neighbors Starting assumption is that each node knows the cost of the link to each of its directly connected neighbors Distance Vector Algorithm The Bellman-Ford Equation Define d x (y) := the cost of least-cost path from node x to node y Then d x (y) = min{c(x,v) + d v (y)} Where the min is taken over all v such that v is a neighbor of x 4
5 Bellman-Ford Example u v 2 x w y 1 Node that achieves minimum is next hop in shortest path routing table 5 2 z Note d v (z) = 5, d x (z) = 3, d w (z) = 3 B-F equation says: d u (z) = min { c(u,v) + d v (z), c(u,x) + d x (z), c(u,w) + d w (z) } = min {2 + 5, 1 + 3, 5 + 3} = 4 Distance Vector Algorithm D x (y) = estimate of least cost from x to y Distance vector: D x = [D x (y): y є N ] Node x knows cost to each neighbor v: c(x,v) Node x maintains D x = [D x (y): y є N ] Node x also maintains its neighbors distance vectors For each neighbor v, x maintains D v = [D v (y): y є N ] Example Distance Vector 5
6 Distance Vector Algorithm Basic idea: Each node periodically sends its own distance vector estimate to neighbors When node a node x receives new DV estimate from neighbor, it updates its own DV using B-F equation: D x (y) min v {c(x,v) + D v (y)} for each node y N Under minor, natural conditions, the estimate D x (y) converge to the actual least cost d x (y) Distance Vector Algorithm Iterative, asynchronous: each local iteration caused by: local link cost change DV update message from neighbor Distributed: each node notifies neighbors only when its DV changes neighbors then notify their neighbors if necessary Each node: wait for (change in local link cost of msg from neighbor) recompute estimates if DV to any dest has changed, notify neighbors 6
7 Example Initial Distances to Neighbors E Receives D s Routes 7
8 E Updates Cost to C A Receives B s Routes A Updates Cost to C 8
9 A Receives E s Routes A Updates Cost to C and D Final Distances 9
10 Final Distances After Link Failure View From a Node Distance Vector When a node detects a link failure F detects that link to G has failed F sets distance to G to infinity and sends update to A A sets distance to G to infinity since it uses F to reach G A receives periodic update from C with 2-hop path to G A sets distance to G to 3 and sends update to F F decides it can reach G in 4 hops via A 10
11 Distance Vector Example (Step 0) Distance Vector Example (step 2) Distance Vector Example (step 3) 11
12 The Bouncing Effect C Sends Route to B B Updates Distance to A 12
13 B Sends Route to C C Sends Route to B How Are These Loops Caused? Observation 1 B s cost metric increases Observation 2 C picks B as next hop to A But the implicit path from C to A includes itself 13
14 Solution 1: Holdowns If cost metric increases, delay propagating the information In our example, B delays advertisement C eventually think B s route is gone, picks its own route B then selects C as the next hop Adversely affects convergence Other Solutions Split horizon When a node sends a routing update to its neighbors, it does not send those routes it learned from each neighbor back to that neighbor B does not advertise route to C Poisoned reverse B advertises route to C with infinite distance Works for two node loops Does not work for loops with more nodes Example Where Split Horizon Fails 14
15 Avoiding the Bouncing Effect Select loop-free paths Have each route advertisement carry the entire path information If a router sees itself in a path, rejects the route BGP does it this way Space proportional to network diameter Distance Vector in Practice RIP and RIP2 Uses split-horizon with poison reverse BGP Propagates entire path Path also used for affecting policies Routing Information Protocol (RIP) Example Network running RIP RIPv2 Packet Format 15
Intra-domain Routing
Intra-domain Routing Outline Introduction to Routing Distance Vector Algorithm CS 640 1 Goal Build router forwarding tables in an internetwork using intra-domain routing protocols High level approach Distributed
More informationDATA COMMUNICATOIN NETWORKING
DATA COMMUNICATOIN NETWORKING Instructor: Ouldooz Baghban Karimi Course Book & Slides: Computer Networking, A Top-Down Approach By: Kurose, Ross Introduction Course Overview Basics of Computer Networks
More informationCSC 4900 Computer Networks: Routing Algorithms
CSC 4900 Computer Networks: Routing Algorithms Professor Henry Carter Fall 2017 Last Time Subnets provide granularity for address assignment and ease management. What is 192.168.8.0? 192.168.32.0? 192.168.8.0:
More informationCSC 401 Data and Computer Communications Networks
CSC 40 Data and Computer Communications Networks Network Layer NAT, Routing, Link State, Distance Vector Prof. Lina Battestilli Fall 07 Chapter 4 Outline Network Layer: Data Plane 4. Overview of Network
More informationRedes de Computadores. Shortest Paths in Networks
Redes de Computadores Shortest Paths in Networks Manuel P. Ricardo Faculdade de Engenharia da Universidade do Porto » What is a graph?» What is a spanning tree?» What is a shortest path tree?» How are
More informationReview: Routing in Packet Networks Shortest Path Algorithms: Dijkstra s & Bellman-Ford. Routing: Issues
Review: Routing in Packet Networks Shortest Path lgorithms: ijkstra s & ellman-ford Routing: Issues How are routing tables determined? Who determines table entries? What info used in determining table
More informationCS118 Discussion 1A, Week 7. Zengwen Yuan Dodd Hall 78, Friday 10:00 11:50 a.m.
CS118 Discussion 1A, Week 7 Zengwen Yuan Dodd Hall 78, Friday 10:00 11:50 a.m. 1 Outline Network control plane Routing Link state routing (OSPF) Distance vector routing (RIP) BGP ICMP Midterm/Project 2
More information5.1 introduction 5.5 The SDN control 5.2 routing protocols plane. Control Message 5.3 intra-as routing in Protocol the Internet
Chapter 5: outline 5.1 introduction 5.5 The SDN control 5.2 routing protocols plane link state 5.6 ICMP: The Internet distance vector Control Message 5.3 intra-as routing in Protocol the Internet t 5.7
More informationCMPE 80N: Introduction to Networking and the Internet. Katia Obraczka Computer Engineering UCSC Baskin Engineering Lecture 20
CMPE 80N: Introduction to Networking and the Internet Katia Obraczka Computer Engineering UCSC Baskin Engineering Lecture 0 Announcements Final exam: June 7 th at 4pm. Comprehensive. Photo id required.
More informationCSCD 330 Network Programming Spring 2018
CSCD 330 Network Programming Spring 018 Lecture 16 Network Layer Routing Protocols Reading: Chapter 4 Some slides provided courtesy of J.F Kurose and K.W. Ross, All Rights Reserved, copyright 017 1 Network
More informationELEC / COMP 177 Fall Some slides from Kurose and Ross, Computer Networking, 5 th Edition
ELEC / COMP 177 Fall 01 Some slides from Kurose and Ross, Computer Networking, 5 th Edition Homework #4 Due Thursday, Nov 1 st Project # Due Tuesday, Nov 6 th Later this semester: Homework #5 Due Thursday,
More informationCSCD 330 Network Programming Spring 2017
CSCD 330 Network Programming Spring 017 Lecture 16 Network Layer Routing Protocols Reading: Chapter 4 Some slides provided courtesy of J.F Kurose and K.W. Ross, All Rights Reserved, copyright 1996-007
More informationCS118 Discussion Week 7. Taqi
CS118 Discussion Week 7 Taqi Outline Hints for project 2 Lecture review: routing About Course Project 2 Please implement byte-stream reliable data transfer Cwnd is in unit of bytes, not packets How to
More informationCS4450. Computer Networks: Architecture and Protocols. Lecture 11 Rou+ng: Deep Dive. Spring 2018 Rachit Agarwal
CS4450 Computer Networks: Architecture and Protocols Lecture 11 Rou+ng: Deep Dive Spring 2018 Rachit Agarwal 2 Goals for Today s Lecture Learning about Routing Protocols Link State (Global view) Distance
More informationChapter 4: Network Layer, partb
Chapter 4: Network Layer, partb The slides are adaptations of the slides available by the main textbook authors, Kurose&Ross Network Layer 4-1 Interplay between routing, forwarding routing algorithm local
More informationCSCE 463/612 Networks and Distributed Processing Spring 2018
CSCE 463/612 Networks and Distributed Processing Spring 2018 Network Layer IV Dmitri Loguinov Texas A&M University April 12, 2018 Original slides copyright 1996-2004 J.F Kurose and K.W. Ross 1 Chapter
More informationRouting Algorithms : Fundamentals of Computer Networks Bill Nace
Routing Algorithms 4-740: Fundamentals of Computer Networks Bill Nace Material from Computer Networking: A Top Down Approach, 6 th edition. J.F. Kurose and K.W. Ross Recall from Last Time Routing Algorithm
More informationChapter 4: Network Layer
Chapter 4: Network Laer 4. Introduction 4. Virtual circuit and datagram networks 4. What s inside a router 4.4 IP: Internet Protocol Datagram format IPv4 addressing ICMP IPv6 4. Routing algorithms Link
More informationInternet rou)ng. V. Arun CS491G: Computer Networking Lab University of MassachuseFs Amherst
Internet rou)ng V. Arun CS491G: Computer Networking Lab University of MassachuseFs Amherst Slide material copyright 1996-2013 J.F Kurose and K.W. Ross, All Rights Reserved Graph abstraction 5 graph: G
More informationCSE 461 Routing. Routing. Focus: Distance-vector and link-state Shortest path routing Key properties of schemes
CSE 46 Routing Routing Focus: How to find and set up paths through a network Distance-vector and link-state Shortest path routing Key properties of schemes Application Transport Network Link Physical Forwarding
More informationNetwork layer. Network Layer 4-1. application transport network data link physical. network data link physical. network data link physical
Network layer transport segment from sending to receiving host on sending side encapsulates segments into datagrams on receiving side, delivers segments to transport layer network layer protocols in every
More informationChapter 5 Network Layer: The Control Plane
Chapter 5 Network Layer: The Control Plane A note on the use of these Powerpoint slides: We re making these slides freely available to all (faculty, students, readers). They re in PowerPoint form so you
More informationAnnouncement. Project 2 extended to 2/20 midnight Project 3 available this weekend Homework 3 available today, will put it online
Announcement Project 2 extended to 2/20 midnight Project 3 available this weekend Homework 3 available today, will put it online Outline Introduction and Network Service Models Routing Principles Link
More informationRouting Protocols. The routers in an internet are responsible for receiving and. forwarding IP datagrams through the interconnected set of
Routing Protocols MITA DUTTA The routers in an internet are responsible for receiving and forwarding IP datagrams through the interconnected set of sub-networks from source to destination. Routing protocols
More informationRouting in a network
Routing in a network Focus is small to medium size networks, not yet the Internet Overview Then Distance vector algorithm (RIP) Link state algorithm (OSPF) Talk about routing more generally E.g., cost
More informationICS 351: Today's plan. netmask exercises network and subnetwork design dynamic routing RIP distance-vector routing
ICS 351: Today's plan netmask exercises network and subnetwork design dynamic routing RIP distance-vector routing Netmask exercises how many bits in this netmask: 255.128.0.0 using this netmask and the
More informationComputer Networking. Intra-Domain Routing. RIP (Routing Information Protocol) & OSPF (Open Shortest Path First)
Computer Networking Intra-Domain Routing RIP (Routing Information Protocol) & OSPF (Open Shortest Path First) IP Forwarding The Story So Far IP addresses are structured to reflect Internet structure IP
More informationAgenda. distance-vector (what you invented last Friday) hierarchical routing routing in the Internet. v DNS assignment Q&A v Routing Algorithms
Agenda v DNS assignment Q&A v Routing Algorithms distance-vector (what ou invented last Frida) hierarchical routing routing in the Internet Network Laer 4- Chapter 4 Network Laer A note on the use of these
More informationChapter 4 Network Layer. Network Layer 4-1
Chapter 4 Network Layer Network Layer 4- Chapter 4: Network Layer 4. Introduction 4. Virtual circuit and datagram networks 4. What s inside a router 4.4 IP: Internet Protocol Datagram format IPv4 addressing
More informationCMPE 150/L : Introduction to Computer Networks. Chen Qian Computer Engineering UCSC Baskin Engineering Lecture 14
CMPE 150/L : Introduction to Computer Networks Chen Qian Computer Engineering UCSC Baskin Engineering Lecture 14 1 Two notes on routing algorithm Do not believe ou can understand an routing protocol, e.g.,
More informationEE 122: Intra-domain routing
EE : Intra-domain routing Ion Stoica September 0, 00 (* this presentation is based on the on-line slides of J. Kurose & K. Rose) Internet Routing Internet organized as a two level hierarchy First level
More informationDynamic Routing. The Protocols
Dynamic Routing The Protocols Desirable Characteristics of Dynamic Routing Automatically detect and adapt to topology changes Provide optimal routing Scalability Robustness Simplicity Rapid convergence
More informationChapter 4 Network Layer
Chapter 4 Network Layer A note on the use of these ppt slides: We re making these slides freely available to all (faculty, students, readers). They re in PowerPoint form so you see the animations; and
More informationDistance Vector Routing Protocols
Distance Vector Routing Protocols Routing Protocols and Concepts Chapter 4 Version 4.0 1 Objectives Identify the characteristics of distance vector routing protocols. Describe the network discovery process
More informationCS 43: Computer Networks. 23: Routing Algorithms November 14, 2018
S 3: omputer Networks 3: Routing lgorithms November, 08 Last class NT: Network ddress Translators: NT is mostly bad, but in some cases, it s a necessary evil. IPv6: Simpler, faster, better Tunneling: IPv6
More informationLecture 9. Reminder: Homework 3, Programming Project 2 due today. Questions? Thursday, September 22 CS 475 Networks - Lecture 9 1
Lecture 9 Reminder: Homework 3, Programming Project 2 due today. Questions? Thursday, September 22 CS 475 Networks - Lecture 9 1 Outline Chapter 3 - Internetworking 3.1 Switching and Bridging 3.2 Basic
More informationLecture 4. The Network Layer (cont d)
Lecture 4 The Network Layer (cont d) Agenda Routing Tables Unicast and Multicast Routing Protocols Routing Algorithms Link State and Distance Vector Routing Information and Open Shortest Path First Protocols
More informationCS321: Computer Networks Unicast Routing
CS321: Computer Networks Unicast Routing Dr. Manas Khatua Assistant Professor Dept. of CSE IIT Jodhpur E-mail: manaskhatua@iitj.ac.in Introduction The goal of the network layer is deliver a datagram from
More informationShortest Paths Algorithms and the Internet: The Distributed Bellman Ford Lecturer: Prof. Chiara Petrioli
Shortest Paths Algorithms and the Internet: The Distributed Bellman Ford Lecturer: Prof. Chiara Petrioli Dipartimento di Informatica Rome University La Sapienza G205: Fundamentals of Computer Engineering
More informationDistance-Vector Routing: Distributed B-F (cont.)
istance-vector Routing: istributed - (cont.) xample [ istributed ellman-ord lgorithm ] ssume each node i maintains an entry (R(i,x), L(i,x)), where R(i,x) is the next node along the current shortest path
More informationNetwork Routing. Packet Routing, Routing Algorithms, Routers, Router Architecture
Network Routing Packet Routing, Routing Algorithms, Routers, Router Architecture Routing Routing protocol Goal: determine good path (sequence of routers) thru network from source to dest. Graph abstraction
More informationBy B.A.Khivsara Assistant Professor Department of Computer Enginnering SNJB s KBJ COE,Chandwad
By B.A.Khivsara Assistant Professor Department of Computer Enginnering SNJB s KBJ COE,Chandwad Introduction to Routing Algorithms Distance Vector Routing Basics Program in C++ : Network Layer a - Routers
More informationNetwork layer: Overview. Network layer functions Routing IP Forwarding
Network layer: Overview Network layer functions Routing IP Forwarding Network Layer Functions Transport packet from sending to receiving hosts Network layer protocols in every host, router application
More informationInterplay between routing, forwarding
Chapter 4: outline 4. introduction 4. virtual circuit and datagram networks 4. what s inside a router 4.4 IP: Internet Protocol datagram format IPv4 addressing ICMP IPv6 4.5 routing algorithms link state
More informationChapter 4: outline. 4.5 routing algorithms link state distance vector hierarchical routing. 4.6 routing in the Internet RIP OSPF BGP
Chapter 4: outline 4. introduction 4. irtual circuit and datagram networks 4. what s inside a router 4.4 IP: Internet Protocol datagram format IP4 addressing ICMP IP6 4.5 routing algorithms link state
More informationRouting Algorithms. Daniel Zappala. CS 460 Computer Networking Brigham Young University
Routing Algorithms Daniel Zappala CS 460 Computer Networking Brigham Young University Routing 2/20 How does the Internet determine which path to use from the source to the destination? Challenges need
More informationTDC 363 Introduction to LANs
TDC 363 Introduction to LANs Routing Protocols and RIP Greg Brewster DePaul University TDC 363 1 Dynamic Routing Routing Protocols Distance Vector vs. Link State Protocols RIPv1 & RIPv2 RIP Problems Slow
More informationRouting Algorithm Classification. A Link-State Routing Algorithm
Routing Algorithm lassification Global or decentralied information? Global: All routers have complete topolog, link cost info Link state algorithms Decentralied: Router knows phsicallconnected neighbors,
More informationRouting. Outline. Algorithms Scalability
Routing Outline Algorithms Scalability 1 Internetworking What is internetwork An arbitrary collection of networks interconnected to provide some sort of host-host to packet delivery service A simple internetwork
More informationDetermining IP Routes. 2000, Cisco Systems, Inc. 9-1
Determining IP Routes, Cisco Systems, Inc. 9- Objectives Upon completion of this chapter, you will be able to complete the following tasks: Distinguish the use and operation of static and dynamic routes
More informationRouting Protocols and the IP Layer
Routing Protocols and the IP Layer CS244A Review Session 2/0/08 Ben Nham Derived from slides by: Paul Tarjan Martin Casado Ari Greenberg Functions of a router Forwarding Determine the correct egress port
More informationNetwork layer: Overview. Network layer functions Routing IP Forwarding
Network layer: Overview Network layer functions Routing IP Forwarding 1 Network Layer Functions Transport packet from sending to receiving hosts (processes) Network layer protocols in every host, router
More informationLecture 9. Network Layer (cont d) Network Layer 1-1
Lecture 9 Network Layer (cont d) Network Layer 1-1 Agenda Routing Tables Unicast and Multicast Routing Protocols Routing Algorithms Link State and Distance Vector Routing Information and Open Shortest
More informationChapter 4: Network Layer
Chapter 4: Network Layer Chapter goals: understand principles behind layer services: routing (path selection) dealing with scale how a router works advanced topics: IPv6, mobility instantiation and implementation
More informationCMPE 151 Routing. Marc Mosko
CMPE 151 Routing Marc Mosko Talk Outline Routing basics Why segment networks? IP address/subnet mask The gateway decision based on dest IP address default gateway and static routing gateway discovery (DHCP,
More informationcs/ee 143 Communication Networks
cs/ee 143 Communication Networks Chapter 5 Routing Text: Walrand & Parakh, 2010 Steven Low CMS, EE, Caltech Warning These notes are not self-contained, probably not understandable, unless you also were
More informationInitialization: Loop until all nodes in N
Routing Routing lgorithm classification Routing protocol Goal: determine good path (sequence of routers) thru netork from source to dest. Graph abstraction for routing s: graph nodes are routers graph
More informationECE 333: Introduction to Communication Networks Fall 2001
ECE : Introduction to Communication Networks Fall 00 Lecture : Routing and Addressing I Introduction to Routing/Addressing Lectures 9- described the main components of point-to-point networks, i.e. multiplexed
More informationLink-State Routing OSPF
CE Computer Networks Link-State Routing OSPF Behnam Momeni Computer Engineering Department Sharif University of Technology Acknowledgments: Lecture slides are from Computer networks course thought by Jennifer
More informationCSEP 561 Routing. David Wetherall
CSEP 561 Routing David Wetherall djw@cs.washington.edu Routing Focus: How to find and set up paths through a network Distance-vector and link-state Application Shortest path routing Transport Key properties
More informationCS 5114 Network Programming Languages Control Plane. Nate Foster Cornell University Spring 2013
CS 5 Network Programming Languages Control Plane http://www.flickr.com/photos/rofi/0979/ Nate Foster Cornell University Spring 0 Based on lecture notes by Jennifer Rexford and Michael Freedman Announcements
More informationRouters & Routing : Computer Networking. Binary Search on Ranges. Speeding up Prefix Match - Alternatives
Routers & Routing -44: omputer Networking High-speed router architecture Intro to routing protocols ssigned reading [McK9] Fast Switched ackplane for a Gigabit Switched Router Know RIP/OSPF L-4 Intra-omain
More informationC13b: Routing Problem and Algorithms
CISC 7332X T6 C13b: Routing Problem and Algorithms Hui Chen Department of Computer & Information Science CUNY Brooklyn College 11/20/2018 CUNY Brooklyn College 1 Acknowledgements Some pictures used in
More informationNetwork Layer: Routing
Network Laer: Routing Instructor: Anirban Mahanti Office: ICT 74 Email: mahanti@cpsc.ucalgar.ca Class Location: ICT Lectures: MWF :00 :0 hours Notes derived Computer Networking: A Top Down Approach Featuring
More informationDistance vector and RIP
DD2490 p4 2008 Distance vector and RIP Olof Hagsand KTHNOC/NADA Literature RIP lab RFC 245: RIPv2. Sections 1 2 contains some introduction that can be useful to understand the context in which RIP is specified..1.4
More informationRouting Outline. EECS 122, Lecture 15
Fall & Walrand Lecture 5 Outline EECS, Lecture 5 Kevin Fall kfall@cs.berkeley.edu Jean Walrand wlr@eecs.berkeley.edu Definition/Key Questions Distance Vector Link State Comparison Variations EECS - Fall
More informationETSF05/ETSF10 Internet Protocols Routing on the Internet
ETSF05/ETSF10 Internet Protocols Routing on the Internet 2014, (ETSF05 Part 2), Lecture 1.1 Jens Andersson Circuit switched routing 2014 11 05 ETSF05/ETSF10 Internet Protocols 2 Packet switched Routing
More informationAnnouncements. CS 5565 Network Architecture and Protocols. Project 2B. Project 2B. Project 2B: Under the hood. Routing Algorithms
Announcements CS 6 Network Architecture and Protocols Lecture 8 Godmar Back Project A due Apr 8 (toda) Project B due in parts: Apr 9 and Ma 6 See link to NY Times article on RFC Project B Project B Highlevel
More informationCMPE 150/L : Introduction to Computer Networks. Chen Qian Computer Engineering UCSC Baskin Engineering Lecture 13
CMPE 50/L : Introduction to Computer Networks Chen Qian Computer Engineering UCSC Baskin Engineering Lecture 3 Lab3 online Due March 4 th. Introduction -2 IP addresses: how to get one? Q: how does network
More informationCourse on Computer Communication and Networks. Lecture 7 Network Layer, Chapter 4 (6/e) - Part B (7/e Ch5)
Course on Computer Communication and Networks Lecture 7 Network Layer, Chapter 4 (6/e) - Part B (7/e Ch5) EDA344/DIT 420, CTH/GU Based on the book Computer Networking: A Top Down Approach, Jim Kurose,
More informationWhat is Routing? EE 122: Shortest Path Routing. Example. Internet Routing. Ion Stoica TAs: Junda Liu, DK Moon, David Zats
What is Routing? Routing implements the core function of a network: : Shortest Path Routing Ion Stoica Ts: Junda Liu, K Moon, avid Zats http://inst.eecs.berkeley.edu/~ee/fa9 (Materials with thanks to Vern
More informationETSF05/ETSF10 Internet Protocols. Routing on the Internet
ETSF05/ETSF10 Internet Protocols Routing on the Internet Circuit switched routing ETSF05/ETSF10 - Internet Protocols 2 Routing in Packet Switching Networks Key design issue for (packet) switched networks
More informationInternet Protocol: Routing Algorithms. Srinidhi Varadarajan
Internet Protocol: Routing Algorithms Srinidhi Varadarajan Routing Routing protocol Goal: determine good path (sequence of routers) thru network from source to dest. Graph abstraction for routing algorithms:
More informationCSC 8560 Computer Networks: Control Plane
CSC 8560 Computer Networks: Control Plane Professor Henry Carter Fall 2017 Last Time Subnets provide granularity for address assignment and ease management. What is 192.168.8.0? 192.168.32.0? 192.168.8.0:
More informationGraph abstraction: costs. Graph abstraction 10/26/2018. Interplay between routing and forwarding
0/6/08 Interpla between routing and forwarding Routing Algorithms Link State Distance Vector BGP routing routing algorithm local forwarding table header value output link 000 00 0 00 value in arriving
More informationRouting Algorithms. CS158a Chris Pollett Apr 4, 2007.
Routing Algorithms CS158a Chris Pollett Apr 4, 2007. Outline Routing Algorithms Adaptive/non-adaptive algorithms The Optimality Principle Shortest Path Routing Flooding Distance Vector Routing Routing
More informationInternet Technology. 08. Routing. Paul Krzyzanowski. Rutgers University. Spring CS Paul Krzyzanowski
Internet Technolog 08. Routing Paul Kranoski Rutgers Universit Spring 06 March, 06 CS 0-06 Paul Kranoski Routing algorithm goal st hop router = source router last hop router = destination router router
More informationCS 3516: Advanced Computer Networks
Welcome to CS 56: Adanced Computer Networks Prof. Yanhua Li Time: 9:00am 9:50am M, T, R, and F Location: Fuller 0 Fall 06 A-term Some slides are originall from the course materials of the tetbook Computer
More informationRouting. Routing. Overview. Overview. Routing vs. Forwarding. Why Routing
Routing Dr. Arjan Durresi Department of Computer Science Louisiana State University Overview Routing vs. Forwarding Routing Algorithms, Distance Vector, Link State Dijkstra s Algorithm ARPAnet Routing
More informationCOMP 631: NETWORKED & DISTRIBUTED SYSTEMS 9/6/16 COMP 631: NETWORKED & DISTRIBUTED SYSTEMS. Internet Routing. Jasleen Kaur.
OMP 3: NETWORKE & ISTRIUTE SSTEMS // OMP 3: NETWORKE & ISTRIUTE SSTEMS Internet Routing Jasleen Kaur Fall 0 Forwarding vs. Routing: Local vs. istributed oth datagram and virtual-circuit based networks
More informationChapter 7 Routing Protocols
Chapter 7 Routing Protocols Nonroutable Protocols In the early days of networking, networks were small collections of computers linked together For the purposes of sharing information and expensive peripherals
More informationDefault & Static Routes and Routing Information Protocol. Presented by : Mohammed Hamad
Default & Static Routes and Routing Information Protocol Presented by : Mohammed Hamad When a device has multiple paths to reach a destination, it always selects one path by preferring it over others.
More informationThe most simple way to accelerate a Router is at 9.8 m/sec/sec.
Routing Introduction Direct vs. Indirect Delivery Static vs. Dynamic Routing Distance Vector vs. Link State (C) Herbert Haas 2005/03/11 The most simple way to accelerate a Router is at 9.8 m/sec/sec. Seen
More informationIntroduction to Intra-Domain Routing
Introduction to Intra-Domain Routing Stefano Vissicchio UCL Computer Science COMP3 Agenda We delve into network layer s main functionality. Setting Context Routing players. Intra-domain routing problem
More information(Refer Slide Time: 01:08 to 01:25min)
COMPUTER NETWORKS Prof. Sujoy Ghosh Department of Computer Science and Engineering Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur Lecture-27 RIP- Distance Vector Routing We have seen basic routing. Now we will
More informationMissing Pieces of the Puzzle
Missing Pieces of the Puzzle EE122 Fall 2011 Scott Shenker http://inst.eecs.berkeley.edu/~ee122/ Materials with thanks to Jennifer Rexford, Ion Stoica, Vern Paxson and other colleagues at Princeton and
More informationEC441 Fall 2018 Introduction to Computer Networking Chapter 5: Network Layer Control Plane
EC441 Fall 2018 Introduction to Computer Networking Chapter 5: Network Layer Control Plane This presentation is adapted from slides produced by Jim Kurose and Keith Ross for their book, Computer Networking:
More informationRouting Protocols Classification
Routing Protocols Classification Petr Grygárek rek 1 Classification criteria Internal (IGP) / External (EGP) number of handled routes possibilities of routing politics specification Convergence Time Distance-vector
More informationCOM-208: Computer Networks - Homework 6
COM-208: Computer Networks - Homework 6. (P22) Suppose you are interested in detecting the number of hosts behind a NAT. You observe that the IP layer stamps an identification number sequentially on each
More informationOutline. Routing. Introduction to Wide Area Routing. Classification of Routing Algorithms. Introduction. Broadcasting and Multicasting
Outline Routing Fundamentals of Computer Networks Guevara Noubir Introduction Broadcasting and Multicasting Shortest Path Unicast Routing Link Weights and Stability F2003, CSG150 Fundamentals of Computer
More informationTop-Down Network Design
Top-Down Network Design Chapter Seven Selecting Switching and Routing Protocols Original slides by Cisco Press & Priscilla Oppenheimer Selection Criteria for Switching and Routing Protocols Network traffic
More informationComputer Networks. Routing Algorithms
Computer Networks Routing Algorithms Topics Routing Algorithms Shortest Path (Dijkstra Algorithm) Distance Vector Routing Count to infinity problem Solutions for count to infinity problem Link State Routing
More informationCS BGP v4. Fall 2014
CS 457 - BGP v4 Fall 2014 Autonomous Systems What is an AS? a set of routers under a single technical administration uses an interior gateway protocol (IGP) and common metrics to route packets within the
More informationIP Forwarding Computer Networking. Graph Model. Routes from Node A. Lecture 11: Intra-Domain Routing
IP Forwarding 5-44 omputer Networking Lecture : Intra-omain Routing RIP (Routing Information Protocol) & OSPF (Open Shortest Path First) The Story So Far IP addresses are structured to reflect Internet
More informationCOMP/ELEC 429/556 Introduction to Computer Networks
OMP/ELE 49/6 Introduction to omputer Networks Intra-domain routing Some slides used with permissions from Edward W. Knightly, T. S. Eugene Ng, Ion Stoica, Hui Zhang T. S. Eugene Ng eugeneng at cs.rice.edu
More informationOverview. Problem: Find lowest cost path between two nodes Factors static: topology dynamic: load
Dynamic Routing Overview Forwarding vs Routing forwarding: to select an output port based on destination address and routing table routing: process by which routing table is built Network as a Graph C
More informationCS 3516: Advanced Computer Networks
Welcome to CS 56: Adanced Computer Networks Prof. Yanhua Li Time: 9:00am 9:50am M, T, R, and F Location: Fuller 0 Fall 07 A-term Some slides are originall the course materials of the tetbook Computer Networking:
More informationMaster Course Computer Networks IN2097
Chair for Network Architectures and Services Prof. Carle Department for Computer Science TU München Master Course Computer Networks IN2097 Prof. Dr.-Ing. Georg Carle Christian Grothoff, Ph.D. Dr. Nils
More informationLast time. Transitioning to IPv6. Routing. Tunneling. Gateways. Graph abstraction. Link-state routing. Distance-vector routing. Dijkstra's Algorithm
Last time Transitioning to IPv6 Tunneling Gateways Routing Graph abstraction Link-state routing Dijkstra's Algorithm Distance-vector routing Bellman-Ford Equation 10-1 This time Distance vector link cost
More informationChapter 22 Network Layer: Delivery, Forwarding, and Routing 22.1
Chapter 22 Network Layer: Delivery, Forwarding, and Routing 22.1 Copyright The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. Permission required for reproduction or display. 22-3 UNICAST ROUTING PROTOCOLS 22.2 A routing
More information