PG-TRB COMPUTER INSTRUCTOR OPERATING SYSTEMS
|
|
- Karen Daniela Tyler
- 5 years ago
- Views:
Transcription
1 INSTRUCTORS GRADE-I-(NEW SYLLABUS-2019)-- CONTACT:. PG-TRB COMPUTER INSTRUCTOR OPERATING SYSTEMS 20 COACHING CENTRE-TNUSRB-EXAM STUDY MATERIAL/ PG-TRB-COMPUTER INSTRUCTOR GRADE-I / TET: P1/P2 /RRB AEEO/STUDY MATERIALS AVAILABLE-CONTACT -. PDF processed with CutePDF evaluation edition
2 INSTRUCTORS GRADE-I-(NEW SYLLABUS-2019)-- CONTACT:. GOVT.POLYTECHNIC TRB MATERIALS: MATHEMATICS / ENGLISH PHYSICS / CHEMISTRY/ COMPUTER SCIENCE / IT / EEE ECE /MECHANICAL/CIVIL (NEW SYLLABUS) STUDY MATERIAL AVAILABLE TET /ALL PG-TRB /POLY.TRB- MATERIALS ARE SENDING THROUGH COURIER. CONTACT COACHING CENTRE-TNUSRB-EXAM STUDY MATERIAL/ PG-TRB-COMPUTER INSTRUCTOR GRADE-I / TET: P1/P2 /RRB AEEO/STUDY MATERIALS AVAILABLE-CONTACT -.
3 2019-CONTACT:. COACHING CENTRE CONTACT: NEW SYLLABUS- PG-TRB-COMPUTER INSTRUCTOR- GRADE-I OPERATING SYSTEMS UNIT-II Introduction: What is an Operating System? A program which controls the execution of all other programs (applications). Acts as an intermediary between the user(s) and the computer. Objectives: convenience efficiency extensibility. MATERIALS: TET/ ALL PGTRB/ TRB-COMPUTER INSTRUCTORS/ CHEMISTRY/ CIVIL/ MECHANICAL CONTACT :. Page 1
4 2019-CONTACT:. Similar to a government. Operating System Definition: OS is a resource allocator Manages all resources Decides between conflicting requests for efficient and fair resource use. OS is a control program Controls execution of programs to prevent errors and improper use of the Computer System Software: Independent of applications, but common to all Examples C library functions A window system A database management system Resource management functions Purpose of an OS (What is Resource Management?) Process: An executing program MATERIALS: TET/ ALL PGTRB/ TRB-COMPUTER INSTRUCTORS/ CHEMISTRY/ CIVIL/ MECHANICAL CONTACT :. Page 2
5 2019-CONTACT:. Resource: Anything that is needed for a process to run Memory Space on a disk The CPU An OS creates resource abstractions An OS manages resource sharing Batch processing Timesharing Personal computer & workstations Process control & real-time Network Distributed OS Strategies: Multiprogramming needed for efficiency: Single user cannot keep CPU and I/O devices busy at all times Multiprogramming organizes jobs (code and data) so CPU always has one to execute A subset of total jobs in system is kept in memory One job selected and run via job scheduling When it has to wait (for I/O for example), OS switches to another job. MATERIALS: TET/ ALL PGTRB/ TRB-COMPUTER INSTRUCTORS/ CHEMISTRY/ CIVIL/ MECHANICAL CONTACT :. Page 3
6 2019-CONTACT:. Multi-Programming Operating System Use memory to cache jobs from disk more than one job active simultaneously. Two stage scheduling: Select jobs to load: job scheduling. Select resident job to run: CPU scheduling. Users want more interaction time-sharing: Example. CTSS, TSO, Unix, VMS, Windows NT... Technique for sharing the CPU among runnable processes Process may be blocked on I/O Process may be blocked waiting for other resource While one process is blocked, another should be able to run Multiprogramming OS accomplishes CPU sharing automatically Reduced time to run all processes Today and Tomorrow Single user systems: cheap and cheerful. MATERIALS: TET/ ALL PGTRB/ TRB-COMPUTER INSTRUCTORS/ CHEMISTRY/ CIVIL/ MECHANICAL CONTACT :. Page 4
7 2019-CONTACT:. Personal computers. No other users ignore protection. E.g. DOS, Windows, Win 95/98,... RT Systems: power is nothing without control. Hard-real time: nuclear reactor safety monitor. Soft-real time: mp3 player. Parallel Processing: the need for speed. SMP: 2 8 processors in a box. MIMD: super-computing. Distributed computing: global processing? Java: the network is the computer. Clustering: the network is the bus. CORBA: the computer is the network..net: the network is an enabling framework.. Batch Systems Introduction of tape drives allow batching of jobs: Programmers put jobs on cards as before. MATERIALS: TET/ ALL PGTRB/ TRB-COMPUTER INSTRUCTORS/ CHEMISTRY/ CIVIL/ MECHANICAL CONTACT :. Page 5
8 2019-CONTACT:. All cards read onto a tape. Operator carries input tape to computer. Results written to output tape. Output tape taken to printer. Uses multiprogramming Job (file of OS commands) prepared offline Batch of jobs given to OS at one time OS processes jobs one-after-the-other No human-computer interaction OS optimizes resource utilization Batch processing (as an option) still used today Timesharing Uses multiprogramming Support interactive computing model (Illusion of multiple consoles) Different scheduling & memory allocation strategies than batch. Tends to propagate processes Considerable attention to resource isolation (security & protection) MATERIALS: TET/ ALL PGTRB/ TRB-COMPUTER INSTRUCTORS/ CHEMISTRY/ CIVIL/ MECHANICAL CONTACT :. Page 6
9 2019-CONTACT:. Tend to optimize response time Computer now has a resident monitor: Initially control is in monitor. Monitor reads job and transfer control. At end of job, control transfers back to monitor. Even better: spooling systems. Use interrupt driven I/O. Use magnetic disk to cache input tape. Fire operator. Monitor now schedules jobs... Operating System Organization: Basic Operating System Functions Regardless of structure, OS needs to securely multiplex resources: Protect applications from each other, yet Share physical resources between them. MATERIALS: TET/ ALL PGTRB/ TRB-COMPUTER INSTRUCTORS/ CHEMISTRY/ CIVIL/ MECHANICAL CONTACT :. Page 7
10 2019-CONTACT:. Also usually want to abstract away from grungy hardware i.e., OS provides a virtual machine: Share CPU (in time) and provide each app with a virtual processor Allocate and protect memory, and provide applications with their own virtual address space Present a set of (relatively) hardware independent virtual devices Divide up storage space by using filing systems and Do all this within the context of a security framework. Remainder of this part of the course will look at each of the above areas in turn... Kernel-Based Operating Systems: Applications can t do I/O due to protection Operating system does it on their behalf. Need secure way for application to invoke operating system: Require a special (unprivileged) instruction to allow transition from user to kernel mode. Generally called a software interrupt since operates similarly to a real (hardware) interrupt... MATERIALS: TET/ ALL PGTRB/ TRB-COMPUTER INSTRUCTORS/ CHEMISTRY/ CIVIL/ MECHANICAL CONTACT :. Page 8
11 2019-CONTACT:. Set of OS services accessible via software interrupt mechanism called system calls. Timesharing (multitasking) is logical extension in which CPU switches jobs so frequently that users can interact with each job while it is running, creating interactive computing. Response time should be < 1 second Each user has at least one program executing in memory process If several jobs ready to run at the same time CPU scheduling If processes don t fit in memory, swapping moves them in and out to run Virtual memory allows execution of processes not completely in memory Memory Layout for Multi programmed System Operating-System Operations: Interrupt driven by hardware Software error or request creates exception or trap Division by zero, request for operating system service Other process problems include infinite loop, processes modifying each other or the operating system Dual-mode operation allows OS to protect itself and other system components User mode and kernel mode MATERIALS: TET/ ALL PGTRB/ TRB-COMPUTER INSTRUCTORS/ CHEMISTRY/ CIVIL/ MECHANICAL CONTACT :. Page 9
12 2019-CONTACT:. Mode bit provided by hardware Provides ability to distinguish when system is running user code or kernel Code Some instructions designated as privileged, only executable in kernel mode System call changes mode to kernel, return from call resets it to user Transition from User to Kernel Mode Timer to prevent infinite loop / process hogging resources Set interrupt after specific period Operating system decrements counter When counter zero generate an interrupt Set up before scheduling process to regain control or terminate program that exceeds allotted Memory Management In a multiprogramming system: Many processes in memory simultaneously, and every process needs memory for: instructions ( code or text ), static data (in program), and dynamic data (heap and stack). In addition, operating system itself needs memory for instructions and data. must share memory between OS and k processes. MATERIALS: TET/ ALL PGTRB/ TRB-COMPUTER INSTRUCTORS/ CHEMISTRY/ CIVIL/ MECHANICAL CONTACT :. Page 10
13 2019-CONTACT:. Relocation Allocation Protection Sharing Logical Organisation Physical Organisation The Memory Magagement Subsystem Handles: Protection and Security: Protection any mechanism for controlling access of processes or users to resources defined by the OS Security defense of the system against internal and external attacks Huge range, including denial-of-service, worms, viruses, identity theft, theft of Service Systems generally first distinguish among users, to determine who can do what User identities (user IDs, security IDs) include name and associated number, one per user User ID then associated with all files, processes of that user to determine access Control Group identifier (group ID) allows set of users to be defined and controls managed, then also associated with each process, file Privilege escalation allows user to change to effective ID with more rights. MATERIALS: TET/ ALL PGTRB/ TRB-COMPUTER INSTRUCTORS/ CHEMISTRY/ CIVIL/ MECHANICAL CONTACT :. Page 11
14 2019-CONTACT:. Computing Environments: Client-Server Computing Dumb terminals supplanted by smart PCs. Many systems now servers, responding to requests generated by clients Compute-server provides an interface to client to request services (i.e., database) File-server provides interface for clients to store and retrieve files. Peer to Peer: P2P does not distinguish clients and servers Instead all nodes are considered peers May each act as client, server or both MATERIALS: TET/ ALL PGTRB/ TRB-COMPUTER INSTRUCTORS/ CHEMISTRY/ CIVIL/ MECHANICAL CONTACT :. Page 12
15 2019-CONTACT:. Node must join P2P network Registers its service with central lookup service on network, or Broadcast request for service and respond to requests for service via. Discovery Protocol: Examples include Napster and Gnutella Web-Based Computing Web has become ubiquitous. PCs most prevalent devices. More devices becoming networked to allow web access. New category of devices to manage web traffic among similar servers: load balancers Use of operating systems like Windows 95, client-side, have evolved into Linux and Windows XP, which can be clients and servers. Open-Source Operating Systems: Operating systems made available in source-code format rather than just binary closed source Counter to the copy protection and Digital Rights Management (DRM)movement Started by Free Software Foundation (FSF), which has copyleft GNU Public License (GPL). Examples include GNU/Linux and BSD UNIX(including core of Mac OS X), and MATERIALS: TET/ ALL PGTRB/ TRB-COMPUTER INSTRUCTORS/ CHEMISTRY/ CIVIL/ MECHANICAL CONTACT :. Page 13
16 2019-CONTACT:. many more. Operating System Services: Operating systems provide an environment for execution of programs and services to programs and users One set of operating-system services provides functions that are helpful to the user: User interface - Almost all operating systems have a user interface (UI). Varies between Command-Line (CLI), Graphics User Interface (GUI), Batch Program execution - The system must be able to load a program into memory and to run that program, end execution, either normally or abnormally (indicating error) I/O operations - A running program may require I/O, which may involve a file or an I/O device File-system manipulation - The file system is of particular interest. Programs need to read and write files and directories, create and delete them, search them, list file Information, permission management. Communications Processes may exchange information, on the same computer or between computers over a network Communications may be via shared memory or through message passing (packets moved by the OS) MATERIALS: TET/ ALL PGTRB/ TRB-COMPUTER INSTRUCTORS/ CHEMISTRY/ CIVIL/ MECHANICAL CONTACT :. Page 14
17 2019-CONTACT:. Error detection OS needs to be constantly aware of possible errors May occur in the CPU and memory hardware, in I/O devices, in user program. For each type of error, OS should take the appropriate action to ensure correct and consistent computing Debugging facilities can greatly enhance the user s and programmer s abilities to efficiently use the system Another set of OS functions exists for ensuring the efficient operation of the system Itself via resource sharing. Resource allocation - When multiple users or multiple jobs running concurrently, resources must be allocated to each of them. Many types of resources - Some (such as CPU cycles, main memory, and file storage) may have special allocation code, others (such as I/O devices) may have general request and release code. Accounting To keep track of which users use how much and what kinds of computer resources. Protection and security The owners of information stored in a multiuser or networked computer system may want to control use of that information, concurrent processes should not interfere with each other. MATERIALS: TET/ ALL PGTRB/ TRB-COMPUTER INSTRUCTORS/ CHEMISTRY/ CIVIL/ MECHANICAL CONTACT :. Page 15
18 2019-CONTACT:. Protection involves ensuring that all access to system resources is Controlled. Security of the system from outsiders requires user authentication, extends to defending external I/O devices from invalid access attempts. If a system is to be protected and secure, precautions must be instituted throughout it. A chain is only as strong as its weakest link. System Calls: Programming interface to the services provided by the OS Typically written in a high-level language (C or C++) Mostly accessed by programs via a high-level Application Program Interface. (API) rather than direct system call use Three most common APIs are Win32 API for Windows, POSIX API for POSIX-based. systems (including virtually all versions of UNIX, Linux, and Mac OS X), and Java API. For the Java virtual machine (JVM). Why use APIs rather than system calls? Process control: Types of System Calls: MATERIALS: TET/ ALL PGTRB/ TRB-COMPUTER INSTRUCTORS/ CHEMISTRY/ CIVIL/ MECHANICAL CONTACT :. Page 16
19 2019-CONTACT:. End, abort Load, execute Create process, terminate process Get process attributes, set process attributes Wait for time Wait event, signal event Allocate and free memory File management create file, delete file open, close file read, write, reposition get and set file attributes Device management request device, release device read, write, reposition get device attributes, set device attributes logically attach or detach devices Information maintenance get time or date, set time or date get system data, set system data get and set process, file, or device attributes Communications create, delete communication connection MATERIALS: TET/ ALL PGTRB/ TRB-COMPUTER INSTRUCTORS/ CHEMISTRY/ CIVIL/ MECHANICAL CONTACT :. Page 17
20 2019-CONTACT:. send, receive messages transfer status information attach and detach remote devices System Programs: System programs provide a convenient environment for program development and execution. They can be divided into: File manipulation Status information File modification Programming language support Program loading and execution Communications Application programs Most users view of the operation system is defined by system programs, not the actual system calls. Provide a convenient environment for program development and execution Some of them are simply user interfaces to system calls; others are considerably more complex File management Create, delete, copy, rename, print, dump, list, and generally Manipulate files and directories Status information Some ask the system for info - date, time, amount of available memory, disk MATERIALS: TET/ ALL PGTRB/ TRB-COMPUTER INSTRUCTORS/ CHEMISTRY/ CIVIL/ MECHANICAL CONTACT :. Page 18
21 2019-CONTACT:. space, number of users. Others provide detailed performance, logging, and debugging information Typically, these programs format and print the output to the terminal or other output devices Some systems implement a registry - used to store and retrieve configuration Information. File modification Text editors to create and modify files Special commands to search contents of files or perform transformations of the Text. Programming-language support Compilers, assemblers, debuggers and interpreters sometimes provided. Program loading and execution Absolute loaders, relocatable loaders, linkage editors, and overlay-loaders, debugging systems for higher Level and machine language Communications Provide the mechanism for creating virtual connections among processes, users, and computer systems. MATERIALS: TET/ ALL PGTRB/ TRB-COMPUTER INSTRUCTORS/ CHEMISTRY/ CIVIL/ MECHANICAL CONTACT :. Page 19
22 2019-CONTACT:. Allow users to send messages to one another s screens, browse web pages, send electronic-mail messages, log in remotely, transfer files from one machine to another. Operating-System Debugging: Debuggingis finding and fixing errors, or bugs. OSes generate log files containing error information. Failure of an application can generate core dump file capturing memory of the process Operating system failure can generate crash dump file containing kernel memory Beyond crashes, performance tuning can optimize system performance Kernighan s Law: Debugging is twice as hard as writing the code in the first place. Therefore, if you write the code as cleverly as possible, you are, by definition, not smart enough to debug it. DT race tool in Solaris, Free BSD,Mac OS X allows live instrumentation on production Systems. Probes fire when code is executed, capturing state data and sending it to consumers of those probes Operating System Generation: Operating systems are designed to run on any of a class of machines; the system must be configured for each specific computer site. SYSGEN program obtains information concerning the specific configuration of the hardware system. Booting starting a computer by loading the kernel. Bootstrap program code stored in ROM that is able to locate the kernel, load it into MATERIALS: TET/ ALL PGTRB/ TRB-COMPUTER INSTRUCTORS/ CHEMISTRY/ CIVIL/ MECHANICAL CONTACT :. Page 20
23 2019-CONTACT:. memory, and start its execution. System Boot Operating system must be made available to hardware so hardware can start it Small piece of code bootstrap loader, locates the kernel, loads it into memory, and starts it Sometimes two-step process where boot block at fixed location loads bootstrap Loader When power initialized on system, execution starts at a fixed memory location. Firmware used to hold initial boot code Process Concept: An operating system executes a variety of programs: Batch system jobs Time-shared systems user programs or tasks Textbook uses the terms job and process almost interchangeably Process a program in execution; process execution must progress in sequential fashion A process includes: program counter stack MATERIALS: TET/ ALL PGTRB/ TRB-COMPUTER INSTRUCTORS/ CHEMISTRY/ CIVIL/ MECHANICAL CONTACT :. Page 21
24 2019-CONTACT:. The Process: data section Multiple parts The program code, also called text section Current activity including program counter, processor registers Stack containing temporary data. IF YOU NEED PG-TRB-COMPUTER INSTRUCTOR STUDY MATERIAL TO CONTACT. MATERIALS: TET/ ALL PGTRB/ TRB-COMPUTER INSTRUCTORS/ CHEMISTRY/ CIVIL/ MECHANICAL CONTACT :. Page 22
25 COACHING CENTRE-TET/ALL PG-TRB/AEEO/TRB COMPUTER INSTRUCTORS STUDY MATERIALS AND MODEL QUESTION PAPERS AVAILABLE - CONTACT: TET/ PG-TRB / TNPSC CCSE G-IV&VAO GROUP 2A / AEEO/ TNUSRB-P0LICE TRB-COMPUTER INSTRUCTORS STUDY MATERIALS AVAILABLE. GOVT.POLYTECHNIC TRB MATERIALS: MATHEMATICS STUDY MATERIAL with Question Bank ENGLISH STUDY MATERIAL with Question Bank COMPUTER SCIENCE / IT STUDY MATERIAL with Question Bank ECE STUDY MATERIAL with Question Bank. EEE STUDY MATERIAL With Question Bank. MECHANICAL STUDY MATERIAL With Question Bank. CIVIL STUDY MATERIAL With Question Bank. CHEMISTRY STUDY MATERIAL with Question Bank PHYSICS STUDY MATERIAL with Question Bank.
26 COACHING CENTRE-TET/ALL PG-TRB/AEEO/TRB COMPUTER INSTRUCTORS STUDY MATERIALS AND MODEL QUESTION PAPERS AVAILABLE - CONTACT: TRB COMPUTER INSTRUCTORS COMPUTER SCIENCE STUDY MATERIAL AVAILABLE TNPSC CCSE GROUP-IV & VAO STUDY MATERIAL AVAILABLE. PG-TRB MATERIALS: PG TRB: ENGLISH MATERIAL (QUESTION BANK) PG TRB: MATHEMATICS MATERIAL (QUESTION BANK) (E/M) PG TRB: PHYSICS MATERIAL (QUESTION BANK) (E/M) PG TRB: CHEMISTRY MATEIAL (QUESTION BANK) (E/M) PG TRB: COMMERCE MATERIAL (Tamil & English Medium) PG TRB: ECONOMICS MATERIAL (QUESTION BANK) (T/M) PG TRB: HISTORY MATERIAL (QUESTION BANK) (T/M) PG TRB: ZOOLOGY MATERIAL (QUESTION BANK) (E/M) PG TRB: BOTANY MATERIAL (QUESTION BANK) (T/M)
27 COACHING CENTRE-TET/ALL PG-TRB/AEEO/TRB COMPUTER INSTRUCTORS STUDY MATERIALS AND MODEL QUESTION PAPERS AVAILABLE - CONTACT: TET/PG-TRB: EDUCATIONAL PSYCHOLOGY STUDY MATERIAL AND TEST QUESTION PAPER AVAILABLE. AEEO EXAM MATHEMATICS /ENGLISH STUDY MATERIAL. 10% Discount for all materials. Materials are sending through COURIER. CONTACT THANK U
Operating System Services
CSE325 Principles of Operating Systems Operating System Services David Duggan dduggan@sandia.gov January 22, 2013 Reading Assignment 3 Chapter 3, due 01/29 1/23/13 CSE325 - OS Services 2 What Categories
More informationCS420: Operating Systems
OS Overview James Moscola Department of Engineering & Computer Science York College of Pennsylvania Contents of Introduction slides are courtesy of Silberschatz, Galvin, Gagne Operating System Structure
More informationChapter 1: Introduction
Chapter 1: Introduction Silberschatz, Galvin and Gagne 2009 Chapter 1: Introduction What Operating Systems Do Computer-System Organization Computer-System Architecture Operating-System Structure Operating-System
More informationSRIMAAN COACHING CENTRE-TRB-COMPUTER INSTRUCTORS STUDY MATERIAL CONTACT: III
COACHING CENTRE-TRICHY- TRB-COMPUTER INSTRUCTOR-COMPUTER SCIENCE STUDY MATERIAL-CONTACT: 87226 217 TRB-COMPUTER INSTRUCTOR COMPUTER SCIENCE UNIT III OPERATING SYSTEM 1% DISCOUNT FOR ALL PGTRB MATERIALS
More informationChapter 2: Operating-System Structures. Operating System Concepts Essentials 8 th Edition
Chapter 2: Operating-System Structures Operating System Concepts Essentials 8 th Edition Silberschatz, Galvin and Gagne 2011 Chapter 2: Operating-System Structures Operating System Services User Operating
More informationChapter 2: Operating-System
Chapter 2: Operating-System Structures Chapter 2: Operating-System Structures Operating System Services! User Operating System Interface! System Calls! Types of System Calls! System Programs! Operating
More informationChapter 2: System Structures. Operating System Concepts 9 th Edition
Chapter 2: System Structures Silberschatz, Galvin and Gagne 2013 Chapter 2: System Structures Operating System Services User Operating System Interface System Calls Types of System Calls System Programs
More informationChapter 2: Operating-System Structures
Chapter 2: Operating-System Structures Chapter 2: Operating-System Structures Operating System Services User Operating System Interface System Calls Types of System Calls System Programs Operating System
More informationChapter 2: Operating-System Structures
Chapter 2: Operating-System Structures Silberschatz, Galvin and Gagne 2009 Chapter 2: Operating-System Structures Operating System Services User Operating System Interface System Calls Types of System
More informationChapter 2: Operating-System Structures
Chapter 2: Operating-System Structures 2.1 Silberschatz, Galvin and Gagne 2009 Chapter 2: Operating-System Structures Operating System Services User Operating System Interface System Calls Types of System
More informationChapter 1: Introduction
Chapter 1: Introduction Chapter 1: Introduction What Operating Systems Do Computer-System Organization Computer-System Architecture Operating-System Structure Operating-System Operations Process Management
More informationEuropean University of Lefke. Instructor: Dr. Arif SARI
European University of Lefke CIS 105 Operating Systems Instructor: Dr. Arif SARI Email: asari@eul.edu.tr Introduction 1.1 Silberschatz, Galvin and Gagne 2009 Chapter 1: Introduction, Silberschatz, Galvin
More information7/20/2008. What Operating Systems Do Computer-System Organization
Introduction to Operating Systems Introduction What Operating Systems Do Computer-System Organization Computer-System Architecture Operating-System Structure Operating-System Operations Process Management
More informationCS420: Operating Systems
OS Overview James Moscola Department of Engineering & Computer Science York College of Pennsylvania Contents of Introduction slides are courtesy of Silberschatz, Galvin, Gagne Operating System Structure
More informationChapter 1: Introduction. Chapter 1: Introduction
Chapter 1: Introduction Chapter 1: Introduction What Operating Systems Do Computer-System Organization Computer-System Architecture Operating-System Structure Operating-System Operations Process Management
More informationChapter 2. Operating-System Structures
Chapter 2 Operating-System Structures 2.1 Chapter 2: Operating-System Structures Operating System Services User Operating System Interface System Calls Types of System Calls System Programs Operating System
More informationChapter 2: Operating-System Structures
Chapter 2: Operating-System Structures Chapter 2: Operating-System Structures Operating System Services User Operating System Interface System Calls (important!) Types of System Calls (important!) System
More informationChapter 2: System Structures
Chapter 2: System Structures Chapter 2: System Structures 2.1 Operating-System Services 2.2 User and Operating-System Interface 2.3 System Calls 2.4 Types of System Calls 2.5 System Programs 2.6 Operating-System
More informationChapter 1: Introduction. Operating System Concepts 8th Edition,
Chapter 1: Introduction, Administrivia Project 0 due Monday. Reading: 2.1 2.7. Next Time: Operating system structure. 1.2 Outline Process management. Storage management and characteristics. Miscellaneous
More informationChapter 1: Introduction
Chapter 1: Introduction Chapter 1: Introduction What Operating Systems Do Computer-System Organization Computer-System Architecture Operating-System Structure Operating-System Operations Process Management
More informationChapter 2: Operating-System Structures. Chapter 2: Operating-System Structures. Objectives. Operating System Services
Chapter 2: Operating-System Structures Chapter 2: Operating-System Structures Operating System Services User Operating System Interface System Calls Types of System Calls System Programs Operating System
More informationDM510 Operating Systems. Jacob Aae Mikkelsen
DM510 Operating Systems Jacob Aae Mikkelsen DM510 2014 DM510 Course Introduction Teacher: Jacob Aae Mikkelsen ( jamik@imada.sdu.dk ) Teaching Assistant: Daniel Fentz Johansen ( dfjohansen@gmail.com ) Course
More informationTo provide a grand tour of the major operating systems components To provide coverage of basic computer system organization
Introduction What Operating Systems Do Computer-System Organization Computer-System Architecture Operating-System Structure Operating-System Operations Process Management Memory Management Storage Management
More informationChapter 2: Operating-System Structures
Chapter 2: Operating-System Structures Chapter 2: Operating-System Structures Operating System Services User Operating System Interface System Calls Types of System Calls System Programs Operating System
More informationCS307: Operating Systems
CS307: Operating Systems Chentao Wu 吴晨涛 Associate Professor Dept. of Computer Science and Engineering Shanghai Jiao Tong University SEIEE Building 3-513 wuct@cs.sjtu.edu.cn Download Lectures ftp://public.sjtu.edu.cn
More informationChapter 2: Operating-System Structures. Operating System Concepts 9 th Edit9on
Chapter 2: Operating-System Structures Operating System Concepts 9 th Edit9on Silberschatz, Galvin and Gagne 2013 Objectives To describe the services an operating system provides to users, processes, and
More informationOPERATING SYSTEMS Lecture Notes. Prepared by K.Rohini, Assistant Professor, CSE Department, GVPCEW.
OPERATING SYSTEMS Lecture Notes Prepared by K.Rohini, Assistant Professor, CSE Department, GVPCEW. UNIT-I Computer System and Operating System Overview: Overview of computer operating systems, operating
More informationIntroduction. Chapter Prof. Amr El-Kadi
Introduction Chapter 1 2018 Prof. Amr El-Kadi Computer System Structure 2018 Prof. Amr El-Kadi 1 Computer Abstraction layers Banking system Airline reservation Web browser Application programs Compilers
More informationChapter 2: Operating-System Structures. Operating System Concepts 9 th Edition
Chapter 2: Operating-System Structures Silberschatz, Galvin and Gagne 2013 Chapter 2: Operating-System Structures Operating System Services User Operating System Interface System Calls Types of System
More informationObjectives. Chapter 2: Operating-System Structures. 2.1 Operating System Services
Objectives Chapter 2: Operating-System Structures To describe the services an operating system provides to users, processes, and other systems To discuss the various ways of structuring an operating system
More informationOPERATING SYSTEMS. Prescribed Text Book Operating System Principles, Seventh Edition By Abraham Silberschatz, Peter Baer Galvin and Greg Gagne
OPERATING SYSTEMS Prescribed Text Book Operating System Principles, Seventh Edition By Abraham Silberschatz, Peter Baer Galvin and Greg Gagne OVERVIEW An operating system is a program that manages the
More informationChapter 2: Operating-System Structures. Operating System Concepts 8 th Edition
Chapter 2: Operating-System Structures Operating System Concepts 8 th Edition Silberschatz, Galvin and Gagne 2009 Chapter 2: Operating-System Structures Different Services of Operating System. System Calls-
More informationCHAPTER 2: SYSTEM STRUCTURES. By I-Chen Lin Textbook: Operating System Concepts 9th Ed.
CHAPTER 2: SYSTEM STRUCTURES By I-Chen Lin Textbook: Operating System Concepts 9th Ed. Chapter 2: System Structures Operating System Services User Operating System Interface System Calls Types of System
More informationLecture 1 Introduction (Chapter 1 of Textbook)
Bilkent University Department of Computer Engineering CS342 Operating Systems Lecture 1 Introduction (Chapter 1 of Textbook) Dr. İbrahim Körpeoğlu http://www.cs.bilkent.edu.tr/~korpe 1 References The slides
More informationIntroduction to Operating Systems
Introduction to Operating Systems Organized By: Assistant Professor CSED, TU V.A. Disclaimer This is NOT A COPYRIGHT MATERIAL Content has been taken mainly from the following books: Operating Systems Concepts
More informationFour Components of a Computer System. Operating System Concepts 7 th Edition, Jan 12, 2005
Introduction Four Components of a Computer System 1.2 Silberschatz, Galvin and Gagne 2005 Computer System Organization Computer-system operation One or more CPUs, device controllers connect through common
More informationOperating Systems. Designed and Presented by Dr. Ayman Elshenawy Elsefy
Operating Systems Designed and Presented by Dr. Ayman Elshenawy Elsefy Dept. of Systems & Computer Eng.. AL-AZHAR University Website : eaymanelshenawy.wordpress.com Email : eaymanelshenawy@yahoo.com Reference
More informationChapter 2: System Structures. Operating System Concepts 9 th Edition
Chapter 2: System Structures Silberschatz, Galvin and Gagne 2013 Chapter 2: System Structures Operating System Services User Operating System Interface System Calls Types of System Calls System Programs
More informationCSE 4/521 Introduction to Operating Systems
CSE 4/521 Introduction to Operating Systems Lecture 3 Operating Systems Structures (Operating-System Services, User and Operating-System Interface, System Calls, Types of System Calls, System Programs,
More informationFour Components of a Computer System
Four Components of a Computer System Operating System Concepts Essentials 2nd Edition 1.1 Silberschatz, Galvin and Gagne 2013 Operating System Definition OS is a resource allocator Manages all resources
More informationChapter 2 Operating-System Structures
This chapter will discuss the following concepts: 2.1 Operating System Services 2.2 User Operating System Interface 2.3 System Calls 2.4 System Programs 2.5 Operating System Design and Implementation 2.6
More informationOPERATING SYSTEMS: Lesson 1: Introduction to Operating Systems
OPERATING SYSTEMS: Lesson 1: Introduction to Jesús Carretero Pérez David Expósito Singh José Daniel García Sánchez Francisco Javier García Blas Florin Isaila 1 Why study? a) OS, and its internals, largely
More informationCS420: Operating Systems. OS Services & System Calls
OS Services & System Calls James Moscola Department of Engineering & Computer Science York College of Pennsylvania Based on Operating System Concepts, 9th Edition by Silberschatz, Galvin, Gagne Operating
More informationCPSC 341 OS & Networks. Introduction. Dr. Yingwu Zhu
CPSC 341 OS & Networks Introduction Dr. Yingwu Zhu What to learn? Concepts Processes, threads, multi-processing, multithreading, synchronization, deadlocks, CPU scheduling, networks, security Practice:
More informationChapter 1: Introduction. Operating System Concepts 9 th Edit9on
Chapter 1: Introduction Operating System Concepts 9 th Edit9on Silberschatz, Galvin and Gagne 2013 Chapter 1: Introduction What Operating Systems Do Computer-System Organization Computer-System Architecture
More informationLecture 2 - Fundamental Concepts
Lecture 2 - Fundamental Concepts Instructor : Bibhas Ghoshal (bibhas.ghoshal@iiita.ac.in) Autumn Semester, 2015 Bibhas Ghoshal IOSY 332C & IOPS 332C: OS Autumn Semester, 2015 1 / 43 Lecture Outline Operating
More informationChapter 1: Introduction. Operating System Concepts 8 th Edition,
Chapter 1: Introduction Operating System Concepts 8 th Edition, Silberschatz, Galvin and Gagne 2009 Operating-System Operations Interrupt driven by hardware Software error or system request creates exception
More informationOperating-System Structures
Recap Chapter 2: Operating-System Structures Presented By: Dr. El-Sayed M. El-Alfy Note: Most of the slides are compiled from the textbook and its complementary resources From: OS by Tanenbaum, 2008 March
More informationCourse Details. Operating Systems with C/C++ Course Details. What is an Operating System?
Lecture Course in Autumn Term 2013 University of Birmingham Lecture notes and resources: http://www.cs.bham.ac.uk/ exr/teaching/lectures/opsys/13_14 closed facebook group: UoBOperatingSystems anyone registered
More informationUNIT 2. OPERATING SYSTEM STRUCTURES
This document can be downloaded from www.chetanahegde.in with most recent updates. 1 UNIT 2. OPERATING SYSTEM STRUCTURES 2.1 INTRODUCTION An OS provides the environment within which the programs are executed.
More informationIntroduction. Chapter Prof. Amr El-Kadi
Introduction Chapter 1 2015 Prof. Amr El-Kadi Computer System Structure 2015 Prof. Amr El-Kadi 1 Computer Abstraction layers Banking system Airline reservation Web browser Application programs Compilers
More informationEECS 3221 Operating System Fundamentals
EECS 3221 Operating System Fundamentals Instructor: Prof. Hui Jiang Email: hj@cse.yorku.ca Web: http://www.eecs.yorku.ca/course/3221 General Info 3 lecture hours each week 2 assignments (2*5%=10%) 1 project
More informationEECS 3221 Operating System Fundamentals
General Info EECS 3221 Operating System Fundamentals Instructor: Prof. Hui Jiang Email: hj@cse.yorku.ca Web: http://www.eecs.yorku.ca/course/3221 3 lecture hours each week 2 assignments (2*5%=10%) 1 project
More informationOperating Systems. Lecture Course in Autumn Term 2015 University of Birmingham. Eike Ritter. September 22, 2015
Lecture Course in Autumn Term 2015 University of Birmingham September 22, 2015 Course Details Overview Course Details What is an Operating System? OS Definition and Structure Lecture notes and resources:
More informationIntroduction to Operating Systems (Part II)
Introduction to Operating Systems (Part II) Amir H. Payberah amir@sics.se Amirkabir University of Technology (Tehran Polytechnic) Amir H. Payberah (Tehran Polytechnic) Introduction 1393/6/24 1 / 45 Computer
More informationChapter 2: System Structures
Chapter 2: Operating System Structures Operating System Services System Calls Chapter 2: System Structures System Programs Operating System Design and Implementation Operating System Structure Virtual
More informationOperating Systems Course 2 nd semester 2016/2017 Chapter 1: Introduction
Operating Systems Course 2 nd semester 2016/2017 Chapter 1: Introduction Lecturer: Eng. Mohamed B. Abubaker Note: Adapted from the resources of textbox Operating System Concepts, 9 th edition What is an
More informationFrederick P. Brooks tar dinosaurs tar tar tar pit https://galvin.info/history-of-operating-system-concepts-textbook/
Book: Dinosaurs? & Dinosaur Wars Frederick P. Brooks' Mythical Man-Month (975). Description of the software crises - likens large scale programming to a tar pit Operating Systems No scene from prehistory
More informationTDDI04, K. Arvidsson, IDA, Linköpings universitet Operating System Structures. Operating System Structures Overview. Operating System Services
TDDI04 Concurrent Programming, Operating Systems, and Real-time Operating Systems Operating System Structures [SGG7] Chapter 2 Copyright Notice: The lecture notes are mainly based on Silberschatz s, Galvin
More informationRicardo Rocha. Department of Computer Science Faculty of Sciences University of Porto
Ricardo Rocha Department of Computer Science Faculty of Sciences University of Porto Slides based on the book Operating System Concepts, 9th Edition, Abraham Silberschatz, Peter B. Galvin and Greg Gagne,
More informationOperating-System Structures
Operating-System Structures Chapter 2 Operating System Services One set provides functions that are helpful to the user: User interface Program execution I/O operations File-system manipulation Communications
More informationComputer-System Architecture (cont.) Symmetrically Constructed Clusters (cont.) Advantages: 1. Greater computational power by running applications
Computer-System Architecture (cont.) Symmetrically Constructed Clusters (cont.) Advantages: 1. Greater computational power by running applications concurrently on all computers in the cluster. Disadvantages:
More informationWhat are some common categories of system calls? What are common ways of structuring an OS? What are the principles behind OS design and
What are the services provided by an OS? What are system calls? What are some common categories of system calls? What are the principles behind OS design and implementation? What are common ways of structuring
More informationCS370 Operating Systems
CS370 Operating Systems Colorado State University Yashwant K Malaiya Fall 2016 Lecture 5 Slides based on Text by Silberschatz, Galvin, Gagne Various sources 1 1 User Operating System Interface - CLI CLI
More informationOperating System Services. User Services. System Operation Services. User Operating System Interface - CLI. A View of Operating System Services
Operating System Services One set of services for users The other set of services for system operations Operating Systems Structures Notice: This set of slides is based on the notes by Professor Perrone
More informationOPERATING SYSTEMS UNIT - 1
OPERATING SYSTEMS UNIT - 1 Syllabus UNIT I FUNDAMENTALS Introduction: Mainframe systems Desktop Systems Multiprocessor Systems Distributed Systems Clustered Systems Real Time Systems Handheld Systems -
More informationChapter 1: Introduction. Operating System Concepts 9 th Edit9on
Chapter 1: Introduction Operating System Concepts 9 th Edit9on Silberschatz, Galvin and Gagne 2013 Chapter 1: Introduction 1. What Operating Systems Do 2. Computer-System Organization 3. Computer-System
More informationThe Slide does not contain all the information and cannot be treated as a study material for Operating System. Please refer the text book for exams.
The Slide does not contain all the information and cannot be treated as a study material for Operating System. Please refer the text book for exams. Operating System Services User Operating System Interface
More informationDinosaurs? & Dinosaur Wars. CSCI 6730 / 4730 Operating Systems. Questions? Outline & Questions. Poll? Popularity: The OS Market Share
Dinosaurs? & Dinosaur Wars CSCI 6730 / 4730 s s Overview!Frederick P. Brooks' Mythical Man-Month (1975). Description of the software crises - likens large scale programming to a tarpit" No scene from prehistory
More informationOperating System Concepts 9 th Edit9on
Chapter 1: Introduction ti Operating System Concepts 9 th Edit9on Silberschatz, Galvin and Gagne 2013 Chapter 1: Introduction What Operating Systems Do Computer-System t Organization Computer-System Architecture
More informationChapter 2. Operating System Structures
Chapter 2 Operating System Structures Contents Operating System Services User Operating System Interface System Calls Types of System Calls System Programs Operating System Design and Implementation Operating
More informationCS370 Operating Systems
CS370 Operating Systems Colorado State University Yashwant K Malaiya Fall 2016 Lecture 2 Slides based on Text by Silberschatz, Galvin, Gagne Various sources 1 1 2 System I/O System I/O (Chap 13) Central
More informationDinosaurs? & Dinosaur Wars. Outline & Questions. Evolution of our Textbook. Poll? Questions?
Dinosaurs? & Dinosaur Wars!Frederick P. Brooks' Mythical Man-Month (1975). Description of the software crises - likens large scale programming to a tarpit" CSCI 6730 / 4730 s No scene from prehistory is
More information2/14/2012. Using a layered approach, the operating system is divided into N levels or layers. Also view as a stack of services
Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute CSC 432 Operating Systems David Goldschmidt, Ph.D. Using a layered approach, the operating system is divided into N levels or layers Layer 0 is the hardware Layer 1 is
More informationChapter 1: Introduction
Chapter 1: Introduction What is an operating system? Simple Batch Systems Multiprogramming Batched Systems Time-Sharing Systems Personal-Computer Systems Parallel Systems Distributed Systems Real -Time
More informationChapter 2 Operating System Structures
Chapter 2 Operating System Structures Operating System Concepts 8 th Edition, Silberschatz, Galvin and Gagne 2009 / Enhancements by Alan Today s Objectives To describe the services an operating system
More informationTopics: Early systems and OS overview Skim Chapters 1-2 of SGG Read Chapter 1 of USP CS 3733 Operating Systems
Topics: Early systems and OS overview Skim Chapters 1-2 of SGG Read Chapter 1 of USP CS 3733 Operating Systems Instructor: Dr. Turgay Korkmaz Department Computer Science The University of Texas at San
More informationChapter 1: Introduction. Operating System Concepts 8th Edition,
Chapter 1: Introduction, Administrivia Reading: Chapter 1. Next time: Continued Grand Tour. 1.2 Outline Common computer system devices. Parallelism within an operating system. Interrupts. Storage operation,
More informationTRB-COMPUTER INSTRUCTOR COMPUTER SCIENCE UNIT IV. SYSTEM SOFTWARE 10% DISCOUNT FOR ALL PGTRB MATERIALS WITH QUESTION BANK.
N COACHING CENTRE-TRICHY- TRB- COMPUTER INSTRUCTOR-COMPUTER SCIENCE STUDY MATERIAL-CONTACT: 822006 2017 N TRB-COMPUTER INSTRUCTOR COMPUTER SCIENCE UNIT IV SYSTEM SOFTWARE 10% DISCOUNT FOR ALL PGTRB MATERIALS
More informationLecture 1 - Operating System Overview
Lecture 1 - Operating System Overview Instructor : Bibhas Ghoshal (bibhas.ghoshal@iiita.ac.in) Autumn Semester, 2015 Bibhas Ghoshal OPS-332: OS Autumn Semester, 2015 1 / 1 Lecture Outline Defining an Operating
More informationSystem Call System Program Linker/Loader with Examples Types of computing Environment
CS341: Operating System Lect06 : 13 th Aug 2014 System Program Linker/Loader with Examples Types of computing Environment Dr A Sahu Dept of Comp Sc & Engg Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati 1 2 OS
More informationOften, more information is required when designing system call Information varies according to OS and types of system call
System Call Parameter Passing Often, more information is required when designing system call Information varies according to OS and types of system call Three general methods used to pass parameters to
More informationCHAPTER 1 - INTRODUCTION. Jacob Aae Mikk elsen
CHAPTER 1 - INTRODUCTION Jacob Aae Mikk elsen OBJECTIVES Provide grand tour of major operating systems components Provide coverage of basic computer system organization WHAT OPERATING SYSTEMS DO COMPUTER
More informationCS370 Operating Systems
CS370 Operating Systems Colorado State University Yashwant K Malaiya Spring 2018 Lecture 2 Slides based on Text by Silberschatz, Galvin, Gagne Various sources 1 1 2 What is an Operating System? What is
More informationCS3600 SYSTEMS AND NETWORKS
CS3600 SYSTEMS AND NETWORKS NORTHEASTERN UNIVERSITY Lecture 1: Overview and Introduction Prof. Alan Mislove (amislove@ccs.neu.edu) What is an Operating System? 2 What is an Operating System? A program
More informationUNIT I OPERATING SYSTEMS OVERVIEW
UNIT I OPERATING SYSTEMS OVERVIEW Computer System Overview-Basic Elements, Instruction Execution, Interrupts, Memory Hierarchy, Cache Memory, Direct Memory Access, Multiprocessor and Multicore Organization.
More informationModule 1 Introduction/OS Overview
Module 1 Introduction/OS Overview Reading: Chapter 1 and 2 (Silberchatz) Objective: Quick overview of computer system organization the processor (CPU), memory, and input/output, architecture and general
More informationCS 471 Operating Systems. Yue Cheng. George Mason University Fall 2017
CS 471 Operating Systems Yue Cheng George Mason University Fall 2017 Introduction o Instructor of Section 002 Dr. Yue Cheng (web: cs.gmu.edu/~yuecheng) Email: yuecheng@gmu.edu Office: 5324 Engineering
More informationChapter 2: Operating-System Structures. Operating System Concepts 9 th Edit9on
Chapter 2: Operating-System Structures Operating System Concepts 9 th Edit9on Silberschatz, Galvin and Gagne 2013 Chapter 2: Operating-System Structures 1. Operating System Services 2. User Operating System
More informationChapter 1: Introduction. Operating System Concepts 9 th Edit9on
Chapter 1: Introduction Operating System Concepts 9 th Edit9on Silberschatz, Galvin and Gagne 2013 Chapter 1: Introduction What Operating Systems Do Computer-System Organization Computer-System Architecture
More informationDistributed Systems CSCI-B 534/ENGR E-510. Spring 2019 Instructor: Prateek Sharma
Distributed Systems CSCI-B 534/ENGR E-510 Spring 2019 Instructor: Prateek Sharma Two Generals Problem Two Roman Generals want to co-ordinate an attack on the enemy Both must attack simultaneously. Otherwise,
More informationLecture 2 Operating System Structures (chapter 2)
Bilkent University Department of Computer Engineering CS342 Operating Systems Lecture 2 Operating System Structures (chapter 2) Dr. İbrahim Körpeoğlu http://www.cs.bilkent.edu.tr/~korpe 1 References The
More informationIntroduction to PC Operating Systems
Introduction to PC Operating Systems Operating System Concepts 8th Edition Written by: Abraham Silberschatz, Peter Baer Galvin and Greg Gagne John Wiley & Sons, Inc. ISBN: 978-0-470-12872-5 Chapter 2 Operating-System
More informationCS Operating Systems
CS 447 - Operating Systems Syllabus Assignments -- Uses Blitz (facultyweb.cs.wwu.edu/~phil/classes/blitz) Environment UNIX (Linux, OS X, NetBSD, FreeBSD...) Should be the same since Blitz is a Virtual
More informationChapter 1: Introduction Operating Systems MSc. Ivan A. Escobar
Chapter 1: Introduction Operating Systems MSc. Ivan A. Escobar What is an Operating System? A program that acts as an intermediary between a user of a computer and the computer hardware. Operating system
More informationOS and Computer Architecture. Chapter 3: Operating-System Structures. Common System Components. Process Management
Last class: OS and Architecture OS and Computer Architecture OS Service Protection Interrupts System Calls IO Scheduling Synchronization Virtual Memory Hardware Support Kernel/User Mode Protected Instructions
More informationUNIT 1 JAGANNATH UNIVERSITY UNIT 2. Define Operating system and its functions. Explain different types of Operating System
JAGANNATH UNIVERSITY BCAII OPERATING SYSTEM MODEL TEST PAPER (SOLVED) UNIT 1 Q1 Q2 Q3 Q4 Q5 Define Operating system and its functions Explain different types of Operating System Describe different types
More informationOverview of Operating Systems
Lecture Outline Overview of Operating Systems Instructor: Dr. Tongping Liu Thank Dr. Dakai Zhu and Dr. Palden Lama for providing their slides. 1 2 Lecture Outline Von Neumann Architecture 3 This describes
More informationLast class: OS and Architecture. OS and Computer Architecture
Last class: OS and Architecture OS and Computer Architecture OS Service Protection Interrupts System Calls IO Scheduling Synchronization Virtual Memory Hardware Support Kernel/User Mode Protected Instructions
More informationLast class: OS and Architecture. Chapter 3: Operating-System Structures. OS and Computer Architecture. Common System Components
Last class: OS and Architecture Chapter 3: Operating-System Structures System Components Operating System Services System Calls System Programs System Structure Virtual Machines System Design and Implementation
More information