Three-Dimensional Design Spring Lecturer; Koo, Sang

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1 Three-Dimensional Design Spring 2013 Lecturer; Koo, Sang

2 Introducing lecturer Academic Records Born in Seoul Seoul National University BFA Graduate School of Hong-ik Univ. MFA Graduate School of SNU Doctor of Design Major Careers ~ Designer, Kia Motors ( 具常 ) ~ Senior Designer Kia Engineering California ~ Professor, Automotive Design Catholic Univ. of Daegu ~Present Professor, Transportation Design Hanbat National University

3 Introducing lecturer Major Projects 1990 Mini Van Pregio Interior Design 1991~1994 Mid-size passenger car Credos interior design, senior designer 1994 Mid-size passenger car Credos model change exterior design, senior designer 1995 Kia concept car KMS III for Tokyo Motor Show 1996 Kia sporty coupe concept design 1996 Kia sub compact passenger car Spectra Wing design 2003 Hyundai Starex Ambulance design 2004 Luxury Limousine Bus design 2004 Hyundai compact car concept Sneakers design 2006 Hyundai sub-compact car Olive design 2007 Hyundai Grand Starex Ambulance design 2009 Hyundai Luxury car concept research 2010 Seoul Grand Park Online Electric Vehicle OLEV design 2011 Hyundai Grand Starex Camper Vehicle design 2012 Daejeon National Cemetery Tour Bus design

4 Mini Van Pregio Interior Design 1990 ~ 1991 Instrument panel / seat design

5 Mid-size passenger car Credos interior design, senior designer, 1991~1994 Model change exterior designer, 1994 Model change, 1995 Final interior rendering and interior of production model

6 Hyundai Starex Ambulance, 2003

7 Luxury Limousine Bus, 2004

8 Hyundai sub-compact car Olive, 2006 (advance design for Veloster) Hyundai Veloster, 2011

9 Hyundai Grand Starex Ambulance, 2007

10 Hyundai Grand Starex Camping Vehicle, 2011

11 Daejeon National Cemetery Tour Bus, 2012

12 Three-Dimensional Design Spring 2013 KOO, SANG Learning Outcomes To synthesize a novel shape To enhance practice in shape organizing design studio art work To enhance practice in mock-up making skills To confidently present own design and to others efficiently (successfully).

13 Beginning Basics of shapes Analyzing shapes Proportion Overall shape is composed with Shape (figure)

14 Basics of shapes Proportion Proportion is a correspondence among the measures of the members of an entire work, and of the whole to a certain part selected as standard. From this result comes the principles of symmetry. Without symmetry and proportion, there can be no principles in the design of any temple; that is, if there is no precise relation between its members as in the case of those of a well shaped man. Marcus Vitruvius Pollio (born c BC, died after c. 15 BC) Human Proportion by Vitruvius

15 Basics of shapes Proportions in shapes Golden Section( 黃金比率 ) The golden section is a line segment divided according to the golden ratio: The total length a + b is to the length of the longer segment a as the length of a is to the length of the shorter segment b.

16 A Fibonacci spiral, created by drawing arcs connecting the opposite corners of squares in the Fibonacci tiling shown to the right. Fibonacci Numbers

17 Strangely enough this ratio appears in a very popular symbol, the 5 pointed star :

18 Golden section in human body Human body proportion drawing by Leonardo Da Vinci Human Proportion by Vitruvius

19 Golden section in human body Modulor by Le Corbusier

20 Golden section in human body

21 Villa Savoye by Le Corbusier, 1931

22 Golden sections in Parthenon

23 Golden sections in Last supper of Da Vinci

24 Golden sections in Monalisa of Da Vinci

25 Golden sections in Abstraction of Trees of Piet Mondrian

faultlessness, regardless of cultural background, race, sex,

26 Recognition of Golden Section In case of people being requested to select a rectangle which looks most balanced or faultlessness, regardless of cultural background, race, sex, or age, most people chose rectangle E which uses the Golden Section.

27 Golden section can be found easily from surroundings and goods in our daily life such as name card, postcards, or credit card, and so on.

28 Examples of Golden Section recent model BMW 5series(F10)

29 Examples of Golden Section Egyptian Pyramid

30 Examples of Golden Section

31 Examples of Golden Section

Meaning of Golden Section in esthetic value The golden section or ratio, is a way of dividing space within a composition that is considered to be one of the most visually satisfying of all geometric

32 Meaning of Golden Section in esthetic value The golden section or ratio, is a way of dividing space within a composition that is considered to be one of the most visually satisfying of all geometric forms. It can be found throughout natural forms, and the human body as well. The golden ratio is called Phi. You can pronounce it like fee. Phi has been used throughout the ages to achieve harmony and balance within compositions. Examples of Phi proportions can be found in nature, such as DNA, nautilus sea shells, the human face, and body. The Greeks used it extensively in designing the Parthenon as we already saw, and the Egyptians for the pyramids. Leonardo Da Vinci constantly used the concept of Phi proportion in his work. Some of his most famous examples include the Mona Lisa, and The Last Supper. The Christian cross also is an example of Phi, also called the divine proportion. Mondrian used it within his famous color abstraction paintings.

33 Basics of shapes Shapes (Figure)? Geometric shapes Shapes composed using mathematical concept Organic shapes Shapes originated from natural organism

34 Basics of shapes Geometric Shapes Geometric Shapes are composed of segments such as; -Straight lines -Circles -Curves not composed of circular arcs

35 Examples of geometric shaped objects SK4/SK5 Radio Record Player/Dieter Rams, Germany, 1956 Apple iphon 5G, USA, 2013?

36 Basics of shapes Organic Shapes Organic Shapes have fluidic curvature and internally connected hybrid structure. The characteristics of organic shapes are; -Pleated structures -Maximum variety -Energy efficient -Light structure -Proportions -Balanced -Flowage -Pattern

37 Organic Shapes Pleated structure Pleated structure; it is related to the function of organ and reflects the shapes to adapt to changing environment Pleated Throat of Blue Whale

38 Organic Shapes Maximum variety Maximum variety; variety becomes maximum with minimum energy Nerve in green leaf

39 Organic Shapes Energy efficient Energy efficient; reaction to nature with minimum energy Hexagonal honeycomb

40 Organic Shapes Light structure Light structure; rearrange materials or reduce size of unnecessary parts and enlarge necessary part to minimize influences from overall size Deer skull

41 Organic Shapes Proportions Proportions; gradual change of ratio shell

42 Organic Shapes Balanced Balanced; natural equilibrium for existence of all organs waterfall

43 Organic Shapes Fluidic Fluidic; organic shapes follow natural curve of minimum energy consumption water flow

44 Organic Shapes Iterating pattern Iterating pattern; repeated in the most efficient system and having gradual continuity of growth Bracken

45 Basics of shapes Analyzing and Creating Shapes

$fractus which means fracture.$

46 Basics of shapes Shape Concepts in Nature -1 Fractal Geometry The term of Fractal had been originated from Latin word frangere, or fractus which means fracture. French scientist Benoit Mandelbrot(1924~2010) named Fractal for the first time. Benoit Mandelbrot (1924~2010)

47 Major concepts in Fractal Geometry Overlapping Elimination Scaling Disjunction

48 Examples of Fractal Shape (Geometry) Koch Snow flakes This is an infinite curve which bounds a finite area, and resembles a snowflake. It is made by sticking together three copies of meeting each other at 60 angles so that they close up.

$Creating a fractal shapes A vector-base fractal is composed of two parts: the initiator and the generator.$

49 Creating a fractal shapes A vector-base fractal is composed of two parts: the initiator and the generator. For example, the Koch Snowflake starts with an equilateral triangle as the initiator. The generator is a line that is divided into three equal segments. The middle segment forms an equilateral triangle as in Figure 2. Form generator Initiator

50 By replacing every line of the initiator with the full generator, we get the first iteration of the snowflake. By iterating this operation again and again, replacing every line of the new initiator with the full generator, we end with a figure that approximates a snowflake. The iteration process should continue to infinity to generate a real Koch Snowflake fractal, but as we are interested in the evolving form, we only iterate the function for some finite number of times. Figure below displays the Koch Snowflake with 3 iterations. If the generator is changed, inverted, we can develop an entirely different form, the Koch Anti-snowflake as in following figure.

51 Examples of Fractal Geometry Koch Snow flakes

52 Examples of Fractal Shapes in Natural Organs Broccoli Branches

53 amber made from pine pitch Examples of Fractal Concept

54 Changing shapes by Fractal Concepts Overlapping Elimination Scaling Disjunction

55 Overlapping

56 Elimination

57 Scaling?

58 Scaling

59 Disjunction Steven Montgomery, Disjunction, 1994 Sinta Werner, Disjunction, 2009

60 Basics of creating shapes Shape Concepts in Nature -2 Topology Topology (from the Greek τόπος, place, and λόγος, study ) is a major area of mathematics concerned with properties that are preserved under continuous deformations of objects, such as deformations that involve stretching, but no tearing or gluing. It emerged through the development of concepts from geometry and set theory, such as space, dimension, and transformation. Topology can be deployed in the process for design to grasp structural orders and characteristics of organic shapes in the Nature.

61 Topologic shapes cup and mug

62 Topologic shapes Puancare s assumption ; sphere and ring

63 Topologic shapes a continuous deformation of a cup from a sphere

64 Topologic shapes a continuous deformation of a mug from a doughnut

65 8 cases of combined Topologic shapes

66 Characteristics of shapes analyzed by Topology irregularity reciprocal relations continuous (infinitive)

67 irregularity Shapes vary within a certain formula, and new shapes can be created with distorting former regular shapes.

68 reciprocal relations Each different elements make up an overall shape connected to organic spaces with their structure by repeating structural relations.

69 continuous (infinitive) One single continuous surface is makes a seamless shape. Klein bottle

70 Methods to create shapes in Topology folding twisting distortion wave

71 folding

72 twisting

73 distortion

74 wave Wave spring, Smalley Steel Ring Co. The Wave, Arizona, USA

Shaping exercise process Shape developing has several steps, which can be divided into five steps generally. Those steps are the least elements of shaping works.

75 Shaping exercise process Shape developing has several steps, which can be divided into five steps generally. Those steps are the least elements of shaping works. Select object Analysis of shape/structure Shape creating in Fractal method Topologic change Material and structure study Mock-up making overlapping folding elimination twisting scaling distortion disjunction wave

76 Exercises of the semester Creating Shapes using major shape elements Lines Surfaces Solids

77 Examples of exercises ; lines

78 Examples of exercises ; surfaces

79 Examples of exercises ; solids

80 Examples of exercises ; solids

81 Conclude

pine cone Ratio = 13:8 or 8:5

pine cone Ratio = 13:8 or 8:5 Chapter 10: Introducing Geometry 10.1 Basic Ideas of Geometry Geometry is everywhere o Road signs o Carpentry o Architecture o Interior design o Advertising o Art o Science Understanding and appreciating