Applications of PTP in non-telecom networks. Anurag Gupta November 1 st -3 rd 2011, ITSF 2011

Transcription

1 Applications of PTP in non-telecom networks Anurag Gupta November 1 st -3 rd 2011, ITSF 2011

2 Introduction PTP/ 1588 has grown from its initial objective of Synchronization of real-time clocks in components of a networked distributed measurement & control system Intended for relatively localized systems typical of industrial automation and test and measurement environments. Applicable to local area networks supporting multicast communications (including but not limited to Ethernet) Earliest applications outside the LAN applications Telecom networks Backhaul applications Audio Video networks 2 Copyright 2011 Juniper Networks, Inc.

3 Introduction Cont. The Synchronization/ Time Transfer has applications in Smart grid Power generation Transmission & distribution Advance metering Infrastructure Data center applications, Financial sector Cloud computing Security/ forensics Intelligent transportation systems 3 Copyright 2011 Juniper Networks, Inc.

4 Agenda Cont. Examine the network topologies in above applications Compare them to the telecom networks Estimate the precision of synchronization needed Attempt to derive/ look at published numbers The constraints on these networks Suggest possible solutions Or ask the audience.. 4 Copyright 2011 Juniper Networks, Inc.

5 A SMALL DEVIATION CRITICAL INFRASTRUCTURE SECTORS 5 Copyright 2011 Juniper Networks, Inc.

6 Telecom (Backhaul Network) 1588 Grandmaster Cluster Primary GM Seco GM ndary 1588 Primary Secondary GM GM TC SP N/W Metro Trans Network. Air Interface BC RNC/ BSCs BC BTS/ NodeB Typically Frequency 50ppb/ 16ppb Phase/ Time 1uS Aggr Cell Site Router S GM Grand Master BC Boundary Clock TC Transparent Clock S Slave 6 Copyright 2011 Juniper Networks, Inc.

7 Smart Grid

8 Smart Grid Overview The power network essentially consists of The power generation Transmission Distribution Consumers/End users 8 Copyright 2011 Juniper Networks, Inc.

9 Smart Grid Power & Communication N/W Data Center New!! Control Data Center Control Data Center Switchgear Power Station Transmission Substation Customer Transmission Substation Distribution Substation 3G/Wimax/900 Mhz Transmission Substation Distribution Substation Generation Transmission Automation Substation Automation Distribution Automation AMI Communications Network Electric Power Grid HAN 9 Copyright 2011 Juniper Networks, Inc.

10 Smart Grid Power Generation Power generation Logging applications Industrial (power) control systems Synchronizing Generation to Transmission At 60 Hz 1 degree = 46.3 us Precision for these applications Logging typical 1mS Sync Gen. to Transmission (1 o phase) 1uS 10 Copyright 2011 Juniper Networks, Inc.

11 Smart Grid Power Transmission Transmission network Transmission line fault detection Transmission line fault detection error 200 to 300 meters / us ( depending on VF) X 11 Copyright 2011 Juniper Networks, Inc.

12 Smart Grid Distribution Sub-station Power Distribution SCADA systems Control Phasor Measurements Event recording Stn PC Control Hierarchy Station Bus Bay Controller Bay Controller Bay Controller Processor Bus IED IED IED IED CB relays CB relays CB relays CB relays 12 Copyright 2011 Juniper Networks, Inc.

13 Smart Grid Consumer/ Consumer Producer Power Flow Control Event Recording Metering 13 Copyright 2011 Juniper Networks, Inc.

14 Smart Grid Requirements Typical permissible ( time error) ranges are Application Fault location Synchrophasors Differential protection Fault logging SCADA applications Metering Applications Range of time Error ~1uS 1-10uS 1-100uS 10uS-5mS <1mS -100mS > 1mS Most of these could be met with existing technology!! 14 Copyright 2011 Juniper Networks, Inc.

15 Smart Grid Transmission/ Distribution Network 1588 Grandmaster Cluster Geographically at least 40 to 60 miles apart 1588 Grandmaster Cluster Primary GM GM Secondary Primary Secondary GM GM Control Center TC TC WAN/ Carrier Ethernet. TC T-Prb T-Prb Sub Station routers Equipment bay Switches BC TC S S S S IEDs- Intelligent Electrical devices S T-Prb Distribution Amps Legacy IRIG-B, 1PPS Video Surveillance Premises monitoring BC TC S IEDs S T-Prb T-Prb S S S S S S S S GM Grand Master BC Boundary Clock TC Transparent Clock S Slave 15 Copyright 2011 Juniper Networks, Inc.

16 Smart Grid Additional Network Requirements Power Grid is Critical infrastructure Severe environmental & Electrical conditions Network Design requirements Security & IDP Extensive logging of Commands Profiling White listing of Protocols Environmentally & Electrically Hardened Network Elements IEEE 1613 GR 3108/ 487 Class 2/4 or similar 16 Copyright 2011 Juniper Networks, Inc.

17 Financial Sector

18 Financial Sector/ Data center/ Cloud computing Financial Sector has changed substantially in recent years However, Some things never Change Time is Money!! My colleague is presenting on this topic.. Later in this session 18 Copyright 2011 Juniper Networks, Inc.

19 Cloud Computing

20 Cloud computing Definition & Characteristics Cloud computing is a model for enabling convenient, on-demand network access to a shared pool of configurable computing resources that can be rapidly provisioned and released with minimal management effort or service provider interaction. (Peter Mell, Tim Grance- NIST - Effectively and Securely Using the Cloud Computing Paradigm) Characteristics of the cloud model On-Demand Ubiquitous access Scalability Resource pooling Pay-per-use 20 Copyright 2011 Juniper Networks, Inc.

21 Cloud Computing Key Issues Security Is my data being backed up regularly? Privacy Is the data in a secure location? What type of encryption techniques are used for my data? Availability Cost Do I have access to my data and services at all times? Can the service provider guarantee service availability? Cloud services are variable costs, so how do I plan a budget for such services? How can I convert these variable costs to more predictable fixed costs? Performance What standardized metrics are available to measure quality of service? How can SLAs be implemented and managed? 21 Copyright 2011 Juniper Networks, Inc.

22 Cloud Computing If you search for cloud computing on the cloud!!! Results from search About 50 million results in 0.09s 22 Copyright 2011 Juniper Networks, Inc.

23 Cloud computing Service Access Example Service B Network Delay Internet provider Network Delay Service A Service C End user Service Processing Delay Network Delay Assume that the end-user invokes Service A, which in turn invokes Services B and C Total delay experienced by end-user is Processing time for services A, B, C + total network delay (including network delays between services) 23 Copyright 2011 Juniper Networks, Inc.

24 Cloud computing Service Delay Monitoring SLA Server Service B Grandmaster T-Prb Network Delay Network Delay T-Prb Service C End user T-Prb Internet provider T-Prb Service A Network Delay Service Processing Delay Probing agents deployed at strategic points in the network & servers capture Delay information Service processing time Provide real time and historical data Threshold Crossing Alarms for early warning of impending network problems 24 Copyright 2011 Juniper Networks, Inc.

25 Cloud computing Latency in HFT servers Let us extend the concept to HFT* Servers Market data IN Trade Order Out N/W interface Card Decision Application Processes Probing agents deployed at strategic points in the network & servers capture Network delay information Process to process delays Processing times * HFT: High frequency Trading 25 Copyright 2011 Juniper Networks, Inc.

26 Cloud computing Requirements We have requests to provide the accuracies of Measurement of NE latencies : (sub)-microseconds Process delays : 0.1uS ( 100nS) Process service times: 0.1uS 26 Copyright 2011 Juniper Networks, Inc.

27 Security/ Authentication

28 Security/ Authentication In my quick research A number of authentication algorithms are based on loosely synchronized clocks Question for this community How can these algorithms be improved with tight synchronization More robust algorithms Narrowing the window of vulnerability 28 Copyright 2011 Juniper Networks, Inc.

29 Intelligent Transportation Systems

30 Intelligent Transportation Systems This is relatively a broad topic Intelligent Traffic signal Management Video analytics Information & alerts This section would concentrate on Vehicle Infrastructure Integration/ Intellidrive Effort is to standardize Vehicular communication Among Vehicles( V2V) Vehicle to infrastructure ( V2I) V2V: Enabling advance crash avoidance V2I: Collecting Roadway condition information & sending alerts, related traveler information back to vehicles 30 Copyright 2011 Juniper Networks, Inc.

31 Intelligent Transportation Systems VII Concept Public Sector Apps Road Side Unit VII network Road Side Unit Pvt. Sector Apps On Board Unit 31 Copyright 2011 Juniper Networks, Inc.

32 Intelligent Transportation Systems Primary GM Secon GM dary 1588 Primary Secondary GM GM TC App Servers Service N/W Metro Transport Network. BC DSRC BC RSU Aggr RSU Router S BC 32 Copyright 2011 Juniper Networks, Inc.

33 Intelligent Transportation Systems The objectives of ITS Provide Core services Publish/subscription services Network management Certificate Authority Mapping and positioning services Most other aspects of ITS are similar to the topics already discussed!! 33 Copyright 2011 Juniper Networks, Inc.

34 Intelligent Transportation Systems Positioning service goal 95% Circular Error probability 1m translates to ~3nS. Can this be achieved? With Combination of GPS assisted by PTP over CCH channels Multiple sensor data Low cost relative positioning methods 34 Copyright 2011 Juniper Networks, Inc.

35 Opportunities Smart grid Development of accurate power system models Advanced systems management based on models & Real time data Financial Time monitoring services Real time forensics/ fraud detections Security Improved Authentication algorithms Intelligent transportation Limited only by imagination!! 35 Copyright 2011 Juniper Networks, Inc.

36 Ending Remarks PTP provides a method to ubiquitously Transfer time over any packet network. We considered a few applications of PTP outside of traditional telecom networks With the intent that this community comes up. with many more. 36 Copyright 2011 Juniper Networks, Inc.

37 References Smart grid Cristoph Brunner- Information technology for smarter grids, ISPCS 2010 Jeff Fletcher et. Al. Using clock accuracy to guide model synthesis in distributed systems, ISPCS 2010 Financial Cloud computing Peter Mell, Tim Grance- NIST - Effectively and Securely Using the Cloud Computing Paradigm ITS A detailed overview of the U.S. DOT s IntelliDrive initiative Final Report: Vehicle Infrastructure Integration proof of concept 37 Copyright 2011 Juniper Networks, Inc.

38 Questions

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