CREATE DATABASE naziv-baze-podataka [IN naziv-dbspace]
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1 SQL Vežbe V
2 CREATE DATABASE CREATE DATABASE naziv-baze-podataka [IN naziv-dbspace] [WITH LOG LOG MODE ANSI] [ ON < filespec > [,...n ] ] [ LOG ON < filespec > [,...n ] ] < filespec > ::= ( [ NAME = logical_file_name, ] FILENAME = 'os_file_name' [, SIZE = size ] [, MAXSIZE = { max_size UNLIMITED } ] [, FILEGROWTH = growth_increment ] ) [,...n ] )
3 Primer Tip datoteke Ekstenzija Primarna datoteka.mdf podataka CREATE DATABASE student Sekundarne datoteke.ndf ON podataka ( NAME = stud_sl_pod, Transakcioni log fajl.ldf FILENAME = 'C:\Program Files\Microsoft SQL //UNETI SVOJU PUTANJU Server\MSSQL.1\MSSQL\Data\student.mdf, SIZE = 10, MAXSIZE = 50, FILEGROWTH = 5 ) LOG ON ( NAME = 'stud_sl_log', FILENAME = 'C:\Program Files\Microsoft SQL Server\MSSQL.1\MSSQL\Data\student.ldf, SIZE = 5MB, MAXSIZE = 25MB, FILEGROWTH = 5MB )
4 CREATE DATABASE sajt ON (NAME='sajt_pod', FILENAME= D:\procedura\sajt.mdf') LOG ON (NAME='sajt_log', FILENAME= D:\procedura\sajt.ldf')
5 ALTER DATABASE ALTER DATABASE database_name { ADD FILE < filespec > [,...n ] ADD LOG FILE < filespec > [,...n ] REMOVE FILE logical_file_name MODIFY FILE < filespec > MODIFY NAME = new_dbname SET < optionspec > [,...n ] [ WITH < termination > ] } < optionspec > = < state_option > < cursor_option > < auto_option > < sql_option > < recovery_option > < state_option > = { SINGLE_USER RESTRICTED_USER MULTI_USER } { OFFLINE ONLINE } { READ_ONLY READ_WRITE }
6 Primer ALTER DATABASE student ADD FILE ( NAME = Stud_sl_pod2, FILENAME = 'C:\Program Files\Microsoft SQL Server\MSSQL.1\MSSQL\Data\student.ndf', SIZE = 5MB, MAXSIZE = UNLIMITED, FILEGROWTH = 10% )
7 DROP DATABASE DROP DATABASE database_name [,...n ] USE database_name CONNECT TO {[server_name.]database_name} [AS connection_name] USER [login[.password]] CONNECT TO "gizmo.pubs" USER "sa";
8 Naredbe SQL-a Naredbe vezane za šemu baze podataka CREATE, ALTER, DROP Naredbe vezane za podatke INSERT, BULK INSERT, UPDATE, SELECT, DELETE Naredbe vezane za transakcije COMMIT, ROLLBACK Naredbe vezane za kontrolu CALL, RETURN Naredbe vezane za konekciju na bazu CONNECT, DISCONNECT Naredbe vezane za sesije SET Naredbe vezane za dijagnostiku GET DIAGNOSTIC
9 Tabele i kolone Osnovna svojstva Baznatabela tabela čiji se podaci smeštaju u bazu podataka Tabelapogleda imenovani upit koji se može pozvati korišćenjem datog imena Izvedenatabela rezultat izvršavanja upita
10 SQL TIPOVI PODATAKA Binarni BIT, BIT VARYING, BLOB Datumski DATE, TIME Intervalni INTERVAL YEAR, INTERVAL YEAR(p), INTERVAL MONTH, INTERVAL MONTH(p), INTERVAL YEAR TO MONTH, INTERVAL YEAR(p) TO MONTH Logički BOOLEAN Numerički tačni INT, SMALLINT, NUMERIC, DEC približni REAL, DOUBLE PRECISION, FLOAT Tekstualni CHAR, VARCHAR, CLOB
11
12 CREATE TABLE CREATE TABLE naziv-tabele ( def.-kolone-1,..., [ def.-ograničenja-na-nivoutabele-1,...] ) Definicija-kolone naziv-kolone tip-podatka [DEFAULT klauzula] [def.-ograničenja-na-nivoukolone] Definicija-ograničenja-na-nivou-kolone [NOT NULL] [UNIQUE DISTINCT] [PRIMARY KEY] [REFERENCES klauzula] [CHECK klauzula] REFERENCES naziv-tabele [(naziv-kolone-1)] CHECK (uslov) Definicija-ograničenja-na-nivou-tabele [UNIQUE DISTINCT (naziv-kol-1,...)] [PRIMARY KEY (naziv-kol-1,...)] [FOREIGN KEY (naziv-kol-1,...) REFERENCES klauzula] [CHECK klauzula]
13 Primer CREATE TABLE student (bro_dos CHAR(10) PRIMARY KEY, pre_stu CHAR(25) NOT NULL, ime_stu CHAR(20) NOT NULL, pol_stu CHAR(1) DEFAULT 'z' CONSTRAINT stud_c_po CHECK (pol_stu IN ('z','m')), dat_rod_stu SMALLDATETIME NOT NULL) CREATE TABLE upis (bro_dos CHAR(10) CONSTRAINT upis_c_bd REFERENCES student, sko_god SMALLINT CONSTRAINT upis_c_sg CHECK (sko_god BETWEEN 1970 AND 2010), god_stu SMALLINT CONSTRAINT upis_c_gs CHECK (god_stu BETWEEN 1 AND 4), nac_fin CHAR(1) CONSTRAINT upis_c_ns CHECK (nac_fin='b' OR nac_fin='s'), CONSTRAINT upis_pk PRIMARY KEY (bro_dos, sko_god)) CREATE TABLE ispit (bro_dos CHAR(10) REFERENCES student, sko_god SMALLINT CHECK (sko_god BETWEEN 1970 AND 2010), isp_rok SMALLINT CHECK (isp_rok BETWEEN 1 AND 13), sif_pre SMALLINT, sif_nas CHAR(6), ocena SMALLINT CHECK (ocena BETWEEN 5 AND 10 OR ocena=1), dat_isp SMALLDATETIME, PRIMARY KEY (bro_dos, sko_god, isp_rok, sif_pre))
14 ALTER TABLE ALTER TABLE naziv-tabele [ADD klauzula] [DROP klauzula] [MODIFY klauzula] ADD klauzula ADD naziv-kolone tip-podatka [DEFAULT klauzula] [def.-ograničenja-nanivou-kolone] [BEFORE naziv-kolone] ADD [UNIQUE DISTINCT (naziv-kol-1,...)] [PRIMARY KEY (naziv-kol-1,...)] [FOREIGN KEY (naziv-kol-1,...) REFERENCES klauzula] [CHECK klauzula] DROP klauzula DROP naziv-kolone DROP naziv-ograničenja MODIFY klauzula MODIFY naziv-kolone tip-podatka [DEFAULT klauzula] [def.-ograničenja-nanivou-kolone]
15 Primer ALTER TABLE upis ADD vrs_upi SMALLINT ALTER TABLE ispit DROP CONSTRAINT ispit_r_bd ALTER TABLE ispit ADD FOREIGN KEY (bro_dos, sko_god) REFERENCES upis
16 CREATE INDEX CREATE [UNIQUE DISTINCT] [CLUSTER] INDEX naziv-indeksa ON naziv-tabele (nazivkol-1 [DESC],...)
17 INSERT INSERT [ INTO] { table_name view_name } [ ( column_list ) ] { VALUES ( { DEFAULT NULL expression } [,...n] ) select_statement }
18 INSERT INTO naziv-tabele [ (naziv-kolone-1,...) ] VALUES klauzula SELECT iskaz VALUES klauzula VALUES (NULL broj "string" konstanta,...) konstanta USER DATETIME TODAY CURRENT...
19 BULK INSERT BULK INSERT [ [ 'database_name'.] [ 'owner' ].] { 'table_name' FROM 'data_file' } [ WITH ( [ CHECK_CONSTRAINTS ] [ [, ] FIELDTERMINATOR [ = 'field_terminator' ] ] [ [, ] FIRSTROW [ = first_row ] ] [ [, ] LASTROW [ = last_row ] ] [ [, ] ROWTERMINATOR [ = 'row_terminator' ] ] ) ]
20 DELETE DELETE naziv-tabele [ WHERE uslov ]
21 UPDATE UPDATE naziv-tabele SET klauzula [ WHERE uslov ] SET klauzula SET naziv-kolone-1 = izraz (SELECT iskaz) NULL,... SET (naziv-kolone-1,...) = (izraz (SELECT iskaz) NULL,...) uslov [NOT] uslov-poredjenja-1 uslov-sa-podupitom-1 [AND OR [NOT] uslov-poredjenja-2,...]]
22 uslovi-poredjenja izraz relacioni-operator izraz izraz [NOT] BETWEEN izraz AND izraz izraz [NOT] IN (skup-vrednosti) naziv-kolone IS [NOT] NULL naziv-kolone [NOT] LIKE MATCHES string uslovi-sa-podupitom izraz [NOT] IN (SELECT iskaz) [NOT] EXISTS (SELECT iskaz) izraz rel.-op. ALL ANY SOME (SELECT iskaz) Relacioni operatori: <, <=, >, >=, =, <>,!=
23 MATCHES vs. LIKE
24 SELECT klauzula SELECT [ALL DISTINCT UNIQUE] izraz-1 [, izraz-2,...] izrazi {naziv-kolone [naziv-tabele.]* konstanta agregatna-funkcija FROM klauzula FROM [OUTER] naziv-tabele1 [,[OUTER] naziv-tabele2,...] WHERE uslov
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