Microsoft SQL Server" 2008 ADMINISTRATION. for ORACLE9 DBAs

Transcription

1 Microsoft SQL Server" 2008 ADMINISTRATION for ORACLE9 DBAs

2 Contents Acknowledgments *v Introduction xvii Chapter 1 Introduction to the SQL Server Platform 1 SQLServer Editions 2 Premium Editions 3 Core Editions 3 Specialized Editions 3 Free Editions 4 SQL Azure (SQL Server in the Cloud) 4 Data Warehousing with SQL Server 4 SQLServer What's in the Box? 6 RDBMS Features 7 SQL Server Tools 7 Business Intelligence with SSIS, SSRS, and SSAS 16 Complex Event Processing with Streamlnsight 17 Operating System Platforms 18 SQL Server Documentation and Sample Databases 19 SQL Server Books Online 19 AdventureWorks Sample Databases 22 SQL Server Resources, Support, and Software Patches 23 Online Resources 23 Official Microsoft Support and Software Patches 25 Chapter 2 SQL Server Architecture 27 High-Level Architecture Overview 28 Database Architecture 32 Database Storage Model 32 Physical Implementation 38 System Databases 44 master/resource 44 tempdb 45 msdb 45

3 X Microsoft SQL Server 2008 Administration for Oracle DBAs model 46 distribution 46 Database Snapshots 46 Instances 48 Inside the Instance 49 Client/Server Communication 60 Chapter 3 Installing and Configuring SQL Server 67 Installing SQL Server 68 Media and Licensing 68 Software Prerequisites 69 SQL Server Components 69 Instance Objects 72 Installation Locations and Conventions 74 Security Considerations 7^ Software Installation 80 Configuring SQL Server 92 Networking Ovewiew 92 Network Configuration 93 Basic Administration Tasks 100 Server Configuration 1"2 Chapter 4 Database Objects 111 Schemas ^12 Working with Schemas ^ Synonyms ^17 Schema Objects 118 Programmatic Objects 119 Tables, Indexes, and Views 123 Data Types 127 Working with Data Objects 134 Creating Tables 136 Creating Constraints ^39 Creating Indexes 141 Rebuilding and Reorganizing Indexes I47 Creating Relationships 149 Creating Views 154

4 Contents XI Filegroups and Partitioning 156 Creating Files and Filegroups 156 Partitioning 160 Chapter 5 Security 165 Security Objects 166 Server Security 166 Database Security 178 Protecting SQL Server Databases 187 Proxy Accounts 188 Encryption 189 Auditing 197 Policy-Based Management and Security 208 Chapter 6 Data Access and Transaction Control 211 The T-SQL Language 212 Query Execution 216 Parsing 216 Optimization 216 Execution 218 Fetching 218 Execution Plans 218 Optimizer Hints 222 Plan Guides 223 Monitoring Query Execution 225 Transaction Management 228 Auto-Commit Transactions 229 Implicit Transactions 229 Explicit Transactions 230 Distributed Transactions 230 Errors During Transaction Processing 231 Rollback Behavior 231 Transaction Isolation 232 Locking 236 Lock Granularity 236 Lock Types 236 Lock Compatibility 237 Lock Hints 238

5 xii Microsoft SQL Server 2008 Administration for Oracle DBAs Lock Escalation 241 Deadlocks 242 Monitoring Locking 244 Chapter 7 Backup and Recovery 251 Recovery Models FULL 253 BULKJOGGED 253 SIMPLE 254 Backup 255 Logical Backups 255 Physical Backups 255 Performing Backups 259 Backup History 271 Backup Permissions 272 Securing Backups 272 Backup Scheduling 273 SQL Server Maintenance Plans 273 Back Up Using SSMS 273 Backup of System Databases 277 Example Backup Scenarios 278 Restore and Recovery 2"1 Restoring and Recovering a Database 285 RESTORE WITH Options 295 Restore Permissions 297 Restore History Tables 297 Restoring System Databases 298 Restoring Using SSMS 298 Example Restore Scenarios 301 Further Reading 303 Chapter 8 Performance Tuning and Optimization 305 Windows Performance Monitor 306 Overview 306 Getting Started 307 What to Look For 313 Going Beyond the Built-in Functionality 317 2^2

6 Contents Xlii SQL Server Activity Monitor 317 Processes 318 Resource Waits 319 Data File I/O 320 Recent Expensive Queries 320 Dynamic Management Views 321 What Is SQL Server Waiting For? 321 Viewing I/O Latency by Database File 327 Finding Missing Indexes 328 SQL Server Profiler and SQL Trace 330 Event Hierarchy: Categories, Classes, and Columns 330 How to Reduce the Impact of Tracing 331 Analyzing SQL Traces 335 Database Engine Tuning Advisor 338 The Management Data Warehouse 341 WhatMDW Doesn'tDo 341 MDW Architecture 341 Chapter 9 High Availability and Disaster Recovery 347 Evaluating Business Continuity Solutions 348 Cold Standby Solutions 349 Warm Standby Solutions 349 Log Shipping 350 Database Mirroring (High-Performance Mode) 353 Replication 356 Hot Standby Solutions 356 Failover Clustering 357 Database Mirroring (High-Safety Mode with Automatic Failover) 366 Database Mirroring Walkthrough 367 Chapter 10 Scheduling, Automation, and Alerting 379 SQL Server Agent 380 Database Mail 381 Operators 383 Jobs 386 Job Execution Context 392 Job Categories 396

7 xiv Microsoft SQL Server 2008 Administration for Oracle DBAs Shared Schedules 397 Job Monitoring and Execution History 398 Alerts 401 Maintenance Plans 410 Policy-Based Management 424 Policy Evaluation 428 Exporting and Importing Policies 434 Chapter 11 Data Movement 437 Importing and Exporting Data 438 Bulk Copy Program 439 BULK INSERT Statement (T-SQL) 446 SQL Server Integration Services 449 Import and Export Wizard 462 SQL ServerManagement Studio 471 Performance Considerations for Importing and Exporting Data 474 Moving or Copying an Entire Database 478 Detach-Copy/Move-Attach Method 479 Scripting the Database 485 Copy Database Wizard 487 Backup and Restore 492 Querying Across Servers and Data Sources 496 Data Replication 506 Replication Architecture 506 Replication Types 508 Peer-to-Peer Replication 511 Chapter 12 Upgrading and Migrating to SQL Server 515 Upgrading from Older Versions 516 Upgrade Considerations 516 SQL Server Upgrade Advisor 524 The Upgrade Process 528 Migrating from Other Databases 533 Migration Tasks 534 SQL Server Migration Assistant 535 Index 547