CSCI-UA: Database Design & Web Implementation. Professor Evan Sandhaus

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1 CSCI-UA: Database Design & Web Implementation Professor Evan Sandhaus Lecture #10: Open Office Base, Life on the Console, MySQL Database Design and Web Implementation

2 Administrivia Readings: Chapters 10 for a week from Tuesday Homework Due Thursday Database Design and Web Implementation 2

3 On Today s Menu Command line refresher MySQL Preliminaries (i.e. using mysql on i6). MySQL Our very first database Creating tables Create table syntax MySQL Data types Database Engines Character Sets Collations Database Design and Web Implementation 3

4 SQL Structured Query Language Debuted in 1974 SQL-86, SQL-89, SQL-92, SQL:1999, SQL:2003, SQL:2008, SQL:2011 Used in LOTS of relational database systems Database Design and Web Implementation 4

5 MySQL Relational database engine Named after the creator s daughter My Released in 1995 Now owned by Oracle Downloaded 100 Million Times Installed on i6 for you to use! Database Design and Web Implementation 5

6 We re Gonna Build This Database Design and Web Implementation 6

7 Diving Right In - Connecting > ssh <username>@i6.cims.nyu.edu > mysql -u<username> -p<password> Database Design and Web Implementation 7

8 CREATE DATABASE spotify; Database Design and Web Implementation 8

9 USE spotify; Database Design and Web Implementation 9

10 CREATE TABLE artist( artist_id int(11) NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT, artist_name varchar(255) NOT NULL, popularity float NOT NULL DEFAULT 0, PRIMARY KEY (artist_id) ) ENGINE=InnoDB; Database Design and Web Implementation 10

11 DESC artist; Database Design and Web Implementation 11

12 INSERT INTO artist(artist_name, popularity) VALUES ('Green Day', 0.6); Database Design and Web Implementation 12

13 INSERT INTO artist(artist_name) VALUES ('Lady Gaga'); Database Design and Web Implementation 13

14 INSERT INTO artist(artist_name, popularity) VALUES ('The Beatles', 1.0), ('LMFAO', 0.4), ('Rhianna',.9); Database Design and Web Implementation 14

15 SELECT * FROM artist; Database Design and Web Implementation 15

16 SELECT * FROM artist ORDER BY popularity; Database Design and Web Implementation 16

17 SELECT * FROM artist ORDER BY popularity DESC; Database Design and Web Implementation 17

18 SELECT * FROM artist WHERE popularity > 0.5; Database Design and Web Implementation 18

19 SELECT * FROM artist WHERE artist_id = 1; Database Design and Web Implementation 19

20 SELECT * FROM artist WHERE artist_name = 'Green Day'; Database Design and Web Implementation 20

21 SELECT * FROM artist WHERE artist_name = 'Lady Gaga'; Database Design and Web Implementation 21

22 UPDATE artist SET popularity =.85 WHERE artist_id = 2; Database Design and Web Implementation 22

23 CREATE TABLE album( album_id int(11) NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT, artist_id int(11) NOT NULL, album_name varchar(255) NOT NULL, release_year int(4) NOT NULL, PRIMARY KEY (album_id), CONSTRAINT FOREIGN KEY (artist_id) REFERENCES artist (artist_id) ) ENGINE=InnoDB; Database Design and Web Implementation 23

24 INSERT INTO album (artist_id, album_name, release_year) VALUES (1, 'Dookie', 1993); INSERT INTO album (artist_id, album_name, release_year) VALUES (1, 'Uno', 2012), (1, 'Dos', 2012), (1, 'Tre!', 2013); INSERT INTO album (artist_id, album_name, release_year) VALUES (2, 'Born This Way', 2012); Database Design and Web Implementation 24

25 INSERT INTO album (artist_id, album_name, release_year) VALUES (6, 'Not a valid artist', 9999); Database Design and Web Implementation 25

26 SELECT * FROM album; Database Design and Web Implementation 26

27 SELECT * FROM artist JOIN album ON artist.artist_id = album.artist_id; Database Design and Web Implementation 27

28 SELECT * FROM artist JOIN album ON artist.artist_id = album.artist_id WHERE artist.artist_id = 1; Database Design and Web Implementation 28

29 CREATE TABLE genre( genre_name varchar(255), PRIMARY KEY (genre_name) ) ENGINE=InnoDB; Database Design and Web Implementation 29

30 INSERT INTO genre(genre_name) VALUES ('Rock'), ('Pop'), ('Punk'), ('Classic Rock'); Database Design and Web Implementation 30

31 INSERT INTO genre(genre_name) VALUES ('Rock'); Database Design and Web Implementation 31

32 ALTER TABLE album ADD COLUMN genre_name varchar(255) DEFAULT NULL; Database Design and Web Implementation 32

33 ALTER TABLE album ADD CONSTRAINT FOREIGN KEY (genre_name) REFERENCES genre (genre_name); Database Design and Web Implementation 33

34 UPDATE album SET genre_name = 'Electronica' WHERE artist_id = 2; Database Design and Web Implementation 34

35 UPDATE album SET genre_name = 'Pop' WHERE artist_id = 2; Database Design and Web Implementation 35

36 UPDATE artist JOIN album ON artist.artist_id = album.artist_id SET genre_name = 'Punk' WHERE artist_name = 'Green Day'; Database Design and Web Implementation 36

37 Conventions Name your databases, tables and columns with lowercase names separated by underscores (_). Name your tables in the singular. Use globally unique column names except for foreign keys. In SQL statements capitalize all items that are not table, column or data type names. Database Design and Web Implementation 37

38 Creating Tables Create table syntax Character Sets Collations MySQL Data Types Database Design and Web Implementation 38

39 Create Table Syntax CREATE TABLE [table_name] ( [column_name] [column_type] [column_details], KEY([column_name(s)], UNIQUE KEY([column_name(s)], PRIMARY KEY([column_name(s)], FOREIGN KEY [column_name] REFERENCES [table_name]([column_name]) ) ENGINE=[engine] DEFAULT CHARSET=[charset] COLLATE=[collation]; Database Design and Web Implementation 39

40 Create Table Syntax [column_name] [column_type] [column_details] CREATE TABLE example ( example_id int(11) NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT, example_col1 varchar(255) DEFAULT Evan, example_col2 timestamp NOT NULL DEFAULT CURRENT_TIMESTAMP ON UPDATE CURRENT_TIMESTAMP ); Database Design and Web Implementation 40

41 Create Table Syntax KEYS!! CREATE TABLE example ( example_id int(11) NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT, example_col1 varchar(255) DEFAULT Evan, example_col2 timestamp NOT NULL DEFAULT CURRENT_TIMESTAMP ON UPDATE CURRENT_TIMESTAMP, PRIMARY_KEY (example_id), UNIQUE KEY(example_col1), KEY(example_col2) ); Database Design and Web Implementation 41

42 Create Table Syntax Engine, Charset, Collate CREATE TABLE example ( example_id int(11) NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT, example_col1 varchar(255) DEFAULT Evan, example_col2 timestamp NOT NULL DEFAULT CURRENT_TIMESTAMP ON UPDATE CURRENT_TIMESTAMP ) ENGINE=InnoDB DEFAULT CHARSET=latin1 COLLATE=latin1_swedish_ci; Database Design and Web Implementation 42

43 Data Types Type {storage} Name Range Attributes Default Numeric {1 byte} Numeric {2 bytes} Numeric {3 bytes} Numeric {4 bytes} Numeric {8 bytes} Numeric {4 or 8} Numeric {4 bytes} Numeric {8 bytes} Numeric {M+2} Bit {8 bytes} TINYINT[(M)] -128 TO 127 [0 to 255 if UNSIGNED] SMALLINT[(M)] -32,768 to 32,767 [0 to 65,535] MEDIUMINT[(M)] -8,388,608 to 8,388,607 [0 to 16,777,215] INT[(M)] BIGINT[(M)] FLOAT(p) FLOAT[(M,D)] DOUBLE[(M,D)] DECIMAL[(M,[D])] Stored as string BIT[(M)] -2,147,483,648 to 2,147,483,647 [0 to 4,294,967,295] -/+9.223E+18 [0 to 18.45E+18] p= > "FLOAT" p= > "DOUBLE" Min=+/-1.175E-38 Max=+/-3.403E+38 Min=+/-2.225E-308 Max=+/-1.800E+308 Max Range = DOUBLE range Fixed point vs. DOUBLE float Binary. Display by [add zero converting with BIN()]. M=1-64 AUTO_INCREMENT UNSIGNED, ZEROFILL, SERIAL DEFAULT VALUE AUTO_INCREMENT, UNSIGNED, ZEROFILL, SERIAL DEFAULT VALUE AUTO_INCREMENT, UNSIGNED, ZEROFILL, SERIAL DEFAULT VALUE AUTO_INCREMENT, UNSIGNED, ZEROFILL, SERIAL DEFAULT VALUE AUTO_INCREMENT, UNSIGNED, ZEROFILL UNSIGNED, ZEROFILL UNSIGNED, ZEROFILL UNSIGNED, ZEROFILL UNSIGNED, ZEROFILL Prior to 5.03 TINYINT(1) Synonym Source: NULL [0 if NOT NULL] NULL [0 if NOT NULL] NULL [0 if NOT NULL] NULL [0 if NOT NULL] NULL [0 if NOT NULL] NULL [0 if NOT NULL] NULL [0 if NOT NULL] NULL [0 if NOT NULL] NULL [0 if NOT NULL] NULL [0 if NOT NULL] Database Design and Web Implementation 43

44 Data Types Type {storage} Name Range Attributes Default String {M char's} String {M char's1} String {#char's1} String {#char's1} String {#char's1} String {#char's1} CHAR[(M)] VARCHAR(M) M=0-255 Characters, FIXED. Right padded with spaces. M=0-65,535 Characters M=0-255 <v5.0.3 BINARY, CHARACTER SET BINARY, CHARACTER SET NULL [ if NOT NULL] NULL [ if NOT NULL] TINYTEXT Characters BINARY, CHARACTER SET NULL ["" if NOT NULL] TEXT2 0-65,535 Char's BINARY, CHARACTER SET NULL ["" if NOT NULL] MEDIUMTEXT2 0-16,777,215 Char's BINARY, CHARACTER SET NULL ["" if NOT NULL] LONGTEXT2 0-4,294,967,295 Char's BINARY, CHARACTER SET NULL ["" if NOT NULL] Source: Database Design and Web Implementation 44

45 Data Types Type {storage} Name Range Attributes Default String {M bytes} String {M bytes} String {#bytes1} String {#bytes1} String {#bytes1} String {#bytes1} String {1-2 bytes} BINARY[(M)] M=0-255 bytes, FIXED. Global Only (case sensitive) VARBINARY(M) 0-65,535 bytes M=0-255 <v5.0.3 Global Only (case sensitive) TINYBLOB bytes Global Only (case sensitive) BLOB 0-65,535 bytes Global Only (case sensitive) MEDIUMBLOB 0-16,777,215 bytes Global Only (case sensitive) LONGBLOB 0-4,294,967,295 bytes Global Only (case sensitive) ENUM2 ("A1","A2",...) Column is exactly 1 of values (1-255 values) CHARACTER SET NULL ["" if NOT NULL] NULL ["" if NOT NULL] NULL [ if NOT NULL] NULL [ if NOT NULL] NULL [ if NOT NULL] NULL [ if NOT NULL] NULL [ if NOT NULL] Source: Database Design and Web Implementation 45

46 Data Types Type {storage} Name Range Attributes Default Date & Time {3 bytes} Date & Time {8 bytes} Date & Time {3 bytes} Date & Time {4 bytes} Date & Time {1 bytes} DATE " " - " " Global Only (YYYY-MM-DD) DATETIME " :00:00" - " :59:59" TIME "-838:59:59" - "838:59:59" Global Only (hh:mm:ss) TIMESTAMP Global Only (YYYY-MM-DD hh:mm:ss) Global Only (YYYYMMDDhhmmss) YEAR Global Only (YYYY) NULL [" " if NOT NULL] NULL [" :00:00" if NOT NULL] NULL ["00:00:00 " if NOT NULL] Current Date & Time NULL ["0000" if NOT NULL] Source: Database Design and Web Implementation 46