SAY IT WITH DNA: Making New Messages
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1 Y WH : Making New Messages ince you will be expected to decipher a message in the unit exam, it would be wise to get as much practice as possible. f you can have fun in the process, so much the better! You are to think up at least one good (clever? funny?) message which can be written using only the 20 bols representing the 20 amino acids. hose 20 amino acids are represented by a universal single letter code, using all the letters in the English alphabet except B, J, O, U, X, and Z. his means, of course, that your message cannot have any B, J, O, U, X, or Z letters in it! little restrictive, you see, so you will need to be a bit creative. fter you have created your message (in English) on scratch paper, carefully print its code along the length of a full separate sheet of notebook paper, held horizontally, using triplets ONY. ry to keep it to one long row; make the letters clear. Do NO include the English translation; just keep it to your self. Now place your name and period at the top and hand it in. Your message will be exchanged with that from another messagecreator for translation practice, and will be entered into our annual Message Contest. CUON: obscene or derogatory messages are not acceptable, so use good judgment. You may enter one or more times. Hand in your translated message with your name as "translator". You will quickly notice that there is more than one for nearly every amino acid. Make a point of using different s whenever you can for the same (amino acid) letterbol, especially when they occur side by side in succession. Use the mino cid Dictionary below to help make your messages. You will need the tn Dictionary on your rotein ynthesis Worksheet for solving the messages. MNO CD DCONY Codons and the mino cids (bols and abbreviations) for which they code. C ala H his pro C ser CC ala H his C pro C ser C ala iso pro thr C ala iso pro C thr C C cys iso C Q glu thr C C cys C K lys Q glu thr C D asp K lys C arg C val C D asp C leu CC arg CC val CC E glu leu C arg C val C E glu leu C arg C val F phe C leu CC arg CC W trp F phe leu C arg Y tyr CC gly leu ser Y tyr CCC gly C M met C ser C space CC gly N asn ser C space CC gly N asn ser space etters NO available: B J O U X Z
2 Y WH : OEN YNHE WOKHEE: ractice ays Having studied the process by which directs the synthesis of proteins, you should be ready to decode some "secret" messages. o do this, you must follow the procedure of protein synthesis as this is taking place right now in your cells; no short cuts! ractice these steps by following and finishing the partially solved message below. E 1: "Build" the mn molecule, matching the N nucleotides to the nucleotides properly, letter by letter. (For purposes of simplicity, it will be assumed that this mn is bacterial; there are no introns to cut out!) E 2: Figure out the tn triplets (s) which would fit the mn triplets (letter by letter). E 3: ook up each tn in the tn Dictionary (below), and find the corresponding bol and amino acid abbreviation for that. ecord that oneletter bol (and its amino acid) below each. "pc" = "space". f you have done this correctly, the bols should spell out a meaningful message in English. emember, C always pairs with, always pairs with C, pairs with (in ) or U (in N), pairs with, and U (in N) pairs with (in ). Clues: C & are curved letters; & are angular; U is used in N in place of. When you finish the sample message below, decode the special message assigned to you (from the sheet with many messages). Be sure to show the details of your solution on the ractice heet provided, and hand it in. n your exam, you will be expected to do this from memory (provided with the tn Dictionary). Y OED MEE EN: code message > C C C CC CC C C C C OUON (steps 14) 1. mn (built to match the message, letter for letter> CUU UC UUU U UC UC tn (determined by matching letters (bases) with those in mn)> U CUU CU U mino acids carried by each tn (according to e s h l s dictionary, below)> u o e u o 4. ymbols of amino acids:> F E DCONY OF tn CODON & HE MNO CD (YMBO & BBEON) tn tn tn tn C U C CC C CU C U U UC U UU F F C W C Y Y he eu he eu Cys rp Cys er er er er yr yr C CC C CU CC CCC CC CCU C CC C CU CU CUC CU CUU D E D E al al al al ly ly ly ly la la la la sp lu sp lu C U C CC C CU C U U UC U UU H Q H Q eu eu eu eu rg rg rg rg ro ro ro ro His lu His lu U UC U UU UC UCC UC UCU U UC U UU UU UUC UU UUU M N K N K so Met so so er rg er rg hr hr hr hr sn ys sn ys
3 Name N Date er. Y WH : OEN YNHE CCE HEE First Message ssigned: Number of Message ssigned: (carefully copy below the message assigned): ractice message: Names of molecules for each step: Decoded Message (English word or words): econd Message ssigned: Number of Message ssigned: (carefully copy below the message assigned): message: Names of molecules for each step: Decoded Message (English word or words):
4 MEE CC C C C C C CC C C C C CC C 2. C C C C C C C C C C C CC C C C C C C C CC CC C 3. CC C C CC C C C CC C C CC CC C 4. C CC C CC CC C CC C 5. C C C C C CC CCC C 6. C C C C CC CC CC CC C C C C 7. C CC CC C C CC C C C CC C C CC CC CCC C C CC C CC C 8. CC C C C C CC CC C CC C CC CC C C C 9. C C C C C CC CC C C C CC C C 10. C C C C C C 11. CC CC CC C C C CC C C CC C 12. CC C C C CC C C CC C CC C CC C C 13. C C CC C CC C C CC C C 14. C C CC C C CC C C 15. C CC C CC C CC C C CC CC C C 16. C C C C CC C C C C CC C C CC CC C
5 17. C C CC CC CC C C C CC CC C C C C C CC M 18. C C C C C C C 19. CC C CC C C C C C CC C C 20. C C C C C CC C CC CC C CC C CCC 21. CC C C CC C C C C C CC CC C C 22. C C C C C C C CCC C C C C 23. C C CC CC C C C C C C C C 24. C C CC C C C C CC C 25. CC C CC C C C C CC C C CC C CC CC C C C 26. CC C C C C C C 27. CC C C C C CC C C C C CC C 28. C C C C C CC CC C C C C 29. CC C C CCC C CC C CC C CC C 30. C C CCC C CC C C C C C C C CC C C CC C C C C CC CC C C C C C C C C CC CCC C
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