Using ODS Object Oriented Features To Produce A Formatted Record Layout

Transcription

1 Using ODS Object Oriented Features To Produce A Formatted Record Layout Suzanne M. Dorinski, US Census Bureau, Washington DC ABSTRACT This paper uses the Fiscal Year 2005 State Library Agencies Survey to demonstrate the usefulness of storing the survey metadata in an Excel spreadsheet. The metadata were originally stored in a Word document, and not easily available to the programmer. When the metadata are stored in a spreadsheet, we can read it with SAS and have it available to produce the required database documentation. We can also produce the formatted record layout as RTF, which looks almost identical to the original Word document. To produce the formatted record layout, we use the new data _null_ ODS object oriented features experimentally available in SAS We note that when changes are made to the metadata in the Excel spreadsheet, they easily flow to both the formatted record layout and the database documentation. INTRODUCTION The U.S. Census Bureau is the data collection agent for the State Library Agencies Survey (StLA). For fiscal year 2005 (FY 2005), the sponsor was the National Center for Education Statistics (NCES). The survey collects data about staffing, collections, revenue, and expenditures. The first data collection was FY The record layout was stored in a Word document, formatted with tab stops. For FY 2005, 103 variables were removed from the survey. This is when we noticed that storing the record layout in a Word document was not very efficient. The survey analyst had to remove variables by hand, and then update the start positions for the variables in the sections following the removed variables. Frank DiIorio and Jeff Abolafia presented a paper at SESUG in 2006 ( The Design and Use of Metadata: Part Fine Art, Part Black Art ) that discussed why file layouts should not be stored in Word. We were intrigued by their arguments, but we were stymied by the requirement that the file layout in future years have the exact same format as the FY 2005 file layout contained in the public use data file documentation. Daniel O Connor presented a paper at SUGI 28 ( Next Generation Data _NULL_ Report Writing Using ODS OO Features ) that showed how to use ODS object oriented features to produce custom output. We studied his paper in detail to figure out how we could use those techniques to produce a file layout matching the format in the FY 2005 data file documentation. We created an Excel spreadsheet with all the information shown in the file layout. The main advantage of using an Excel spreadsheet is that if we add or remove survey items in the future, the start position can be updated automatically in Excel. We used the FY 2005 record layout for this paper, which is shown in Appendix A of the public use data file documentation, available at DISCUSSION OF THE PARTS OF THE FILE LAYOUT The first page of the record layout from the data file documentation is shown in Figure 1. I ve noted the parts of the file layout in blue text in Figure 1. * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * 1

2 Figure 1. First page of record layout from data file documentation 2

3 The file layout consists of the following parts: Page header, which is the Appendix A text and the line below it. Table header, which shows the names of the columns in the table. Explanatory text, which describes the file (source, number of records, number of fields, record size). Variable name, which is column 1 in the table. Survey part, which is column 2 in the table. Data item, which is column 3 in the table. Data type, which is column 4 in the table. Field length, which is column 5 in the table. Start position, which is column 6 in the table. Description, which is column 7 in the table. Part name, which is the section of the questionnaire where the survey variable is located. Description header, which is information that prints in the row above a survey variable, if there is information to print. Footer information, which is information that prints in the rows below a survey variable, if there is information to print. A variable in the data collection must have a value for columns 1 through 7 in the table. If a data item has been removed from the survey, it is now reserved for future use. Columns 1 through 6 in the table are all blank for such items, but we want a special note in column 7 that states that the item is reserved for future use. The ODS object oriented features allow us to make the part name span the entire page (from columns 1 through 7), and force the first 6 columns to be blank when we insert a special note in column 7. We are also printing two variables in column 7, description header (if it exists) and description. * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * 3

4 DISCUSSION OF THE FILE LAYOUT SPREADSHEET We developed a spreadsheet that contains two sheets with all the information needed for the record layout. The file_layout sheet contains the survey metadata for each variable. See Figure 2 for an example. Figure 2. Survey metadata for BRANCH The file_layout sheet contains the following variables: database_doc_output_exclude is a flag with a default value of blank. If the analyst wants to exclude the variable from the database documentation tables, the analyst sets this variable to X. This variable was created for use in other SAS programs, which will be included in the online proceedings version of this paper. variable_name is the name of the survey variable. This variable is printed in column 1 in the formatted record layout in Figure 1. survey_part is the section of the questionnaire in which the survey variable is located. This variable is printed in column 2 in the formatted record layout in Figure 1. data_item is a sequence code for the survey variable response. This variable is printed in column 3 in the formatted record layout in Figure 1. 4

5 data_type indicates whether the survey variable is alphanumeric or numeric. This variable is printed in column 4 in the formatted record layout in Figure 1. field_length is the length of the survey variable. This variable is printed in column 5 in the formatted record layout in Figure 1. start_position is the column in the ASCII file where the survey variable begins. This variable is printed in column 6 in the formatted record layout in Figure 1. description_header is text that should be printed above a survey variable row, in column 7, if it exists. description is the text that explains the survey variable. This variable is printed in column 7 in the formatted record layout in Figure 1. footer1 through footer10, if they exist, are printed in column 7 in the formatted record layout in Figure 1, after the survey variable row. The footer variables are generally used to explain in further detail what the values of the survey variable represent. The spreadsheet is designed to require no updating from year to year if the variables have not changed. The description_header for BRANCH, Location in state government as of October 1, &cy, ^n whom the agency reports to, and selection methods, has a macro variable, &cy. The analyst will set the value for &cy in the program that creates the formatted record layout. The program uses ^ as the ODS escape character, and the ^n in the description_header for BRANCH causes whom the agency reports to, and selection methods to be printed on the line below Location in state government as of October 1, &cy,. If you specify text that is longer than the column, the text will wrap. Forcing the new line is simply a way to control where the line breaks. We allow up to 10 footnotes, simply for ease of data entry. If we force new lines with ^n, it should be possible to have all the footnotes stored in one footnote field. The footnotes are used to produce other parts of the data file documentation. The other sheet in the file layout spreadsheet is the survey_part_description sheet, which contains two variables: survey_part and survey_part_description. See Figure 3 for the screen shot of the survey_part_description sheet. Figure 3. Screen shot of survey_part_description sheet 5

6 DISCUSSION OF O CONNOR S SUGI PAPER O Connor briefly covered quite a few techniques in his SUGI paper. He started off with an example that shows tabular data, similar to the kind of output you get from PROC PRINT. Then he discussed using the object oriented technique to create a report one item at a time. His examples for non-tabular output include creating customer account statements, where the format of the account statement is non-tabular, and you want to repeat that output for each customer in your data set. O Connor has posted more information at The examples from his SUGI paper are at I downloaded the examples and worked with those programs before figuring out what I needed to do to produce the formatted record layout. GETTING STARTED ON THE FORMATTED RECORD LAYOUT The SAS program discussed in this paper will be part of the online proceedings, along with the spreadsheet that serves as input for the program. See Figure 4 for the beginning of the data _null_ that produces the formatted record layout. We read the spreadsheet into a SAS data set called file_layout. We process the data set by survey_part, because we want blank lines between each part of the survey in the record layout. Before we print the table, we set up a two-line title with the obj.title function. When you open the output in Word, the two-line title is the first header in the document. We have specified ^ as the ODS escape character, so the ^n causes the title to take up two lines. The obj.head_start function is the beginning of the table header. Anything specified here will be a table header that repeats across the pages of the table. Note that we can specify the column width in the obj.format_cell function. We use ^n to cause the column header to take up two lines in the output. There are several lines of explanatory text at the top of the record layout that we do not want to repeat across the pages of the table. The obj.head_end function is the end of the table header. Our table has 7 columns, and we want the explanatory text to start in column 3 (Data item) and end in column 7 (Description). We specify that the first two cells in that row are blank with the obj.format_cell(' ', column_span: 2)statement. Then the following obj.format_cell function specifies the text, and column_span is set to 5 to indicate that the text starts in column 3 and continues through column 7. * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * 6

7 Figure 4. Beginning of the data _null_ data _null_; length description_header_text description_text footer1_text footer2_text footer3_text footer4_text footer5_text footer6_text footer7_text footer8_text footer9_text footer10_text $ &long_text_length ; set file_layout end=eof; by survey_part; if _n_=1 then dcl odsout obj(); obj.open_dir(); obj.title(text: "Appendix A Record Layout of State Library Agencies Data File, FY &CY^n (istla&cy_2_digits.a.mdb and istla&cy_2_digits.a.txt)", overrides: "font_style= " ); obj.table_start(); obj.head_start(); obj.row_start(type: "Header"); obj.format_cell(text: "Variable^n name", overrides: "cellwidth=1in just=l"); obj.format_cell(text: "Survey^n part", overrides: "cellwidth=0.5in just=l"); obj.format_cell(text: "Data^n item", overrides: "cellwidth=0.5in just=l"); obj.format_cell(text: "Data^n type", overrides: "cellwidth=0.5in just=l"); obj.format_cell(text: "Field^n length", overrides: "cellwidth=0.5in just=l"); obj.format_cell(text: "Start^n position", overrides: "cellwidth=0.5in just=l"); obj.format_cell(text: "Description", overrides: "cellwidth=3.3in just=l"); obj.head_end(); /* now add notes at very top of record layout! */ obj.format_cell(' ', column_span: 2); obj.format_cell(text: "Data Source: State Library Agencies Survey, Fiscal Year &cy", column_span: 5, overrides: "just=l"); obj.format_cell(' ', column_span: 2); obj.format_cell(text: "Number of records = %trim(&num_records) (one record per observation)", column_span: 5, overrides: "just=l"); obj.format_cell(' ', column_span: 2); obj.format_cell(text: "Number of fields = %trim(&num_fields)", column_span: 5, overrides: "just=l"); obj.format_cell(' ', column_span: 2); obj.format_cell(text: "ASCII file (istla&cy_2_digits.a.txt) is fixed width; record size = %trim(&rec_size) ", column_span: 5, overrides: "just=l"); 7

8 PRODUCING ONE SURVEY PART IN THE RECORD LAYOUT See Figure 5 for the code. As we encounter each distinct value of survey_part for the first time, we want to print out the description of that survey part and have it take up the entire line. Then we check the description_header variable for the record. If it has text, we print it in column 7 (Description). We use the resolve function here because the value of description_header may contain macro variables. The resolve function causes the macro variable &cy to display as Then we check variable_name. If variable_name is blank, we print a note in the Description column stating that the item or items are blank and reserved for future use. Figure 5. Processing each survey part if first.survey_part then obj.format_cell(text: survey_part_description, column_span: 7, overrides: "just=l"); * if description_header has text, print it out in column 7 after printing * a blank line. ; if description_header ne '' then description_header_text=resolve(description_header); obj.format_cell(' ', column_span: 6); obj.format_cell(text: description_header_text, description_text=resolve(description); * if variable_name is blank, there should be a note in the description * field explaining that the item is reserved for future use. want a * blank line before and after that note. ; if variable_name='' then obj.format_cell(' ', column_span: 6); obj.format_cell(text: description_text, PRINTING ALL THE DETAILS FOR A SURVEY VARIABLE See Figure 6 for the code. We use the obj.format_cell function repeatedly to print the variable_name, survey_part, data_item, data_type, field_length, start_position, and description_text. In Figure 5, description_text is the result of the resolve function on the description variable. We use the resolve function because description may contain macro variables. Once we have printed all the details for the survey variable, we need to check for footnotes, called footer1 through footer10 in the spreadsheet. The %check_footers macro is checking each footer variable. If the footer variable is not blank, it gets printed in column 7 (Description). If the next footer variable is blank, we print a blank line. If we have finished processing the last record for that survey_part, we print a blank line. If there are more survey_parts to process, we continue. If we have reached the end of the file, we use the appropriate functions to close our table. 8

9 Figure 6. Printing all the details for a variable * otherwise the observation in the data set is an entire row that should * be printed out. ; else obj.format_cell(text: variable_name, obj.format_cell(text: survey_part, obj.format_cell(text: data_item, obj.format_cell(text: data_type, obj.format_cell(text: trim(put(field_length, 10.)), obj.format_cell(text: trim(put(start_position, 10.)), obj.format_cell(text: description_text, * check to see if footer1, footer2, footer3, etc exist. if they do, * print in column 7 ("description") in output, and put a blank line * after last bit of text. ; %check_footers if footer10 ne '' then footer10_text=resolve(footer10); obj.format_cell(' ', column_span: 6); obj.format_cell(text: footer10_text, if last.survey_part then ; if eof then obj.table_end(); obj.title(clear: 2); obj.close_dir(); run; NOTES AT THE VERY END OF THE RECORD LAYOUT At the end of the record layout, we want to print four notes. The first note gives the definition for N in the record layout, the second note gives the definition for A in the record layout, the third note gives the definition for the daggers in the record layout, and the fourth note tells the reader that the survey instrument is in another appendix. We use RTF text statements to place these notes after the table created with ODS object oriented programming. ODS RTF TEXT="N\tab Numeric field."; ODS RTF TEXT="A\tab Alpha character field."; ODS RTF TEXT=" \tab Not applicable."; ODS RTF TEXT="NOTE: The survey instrument is in appendix C."; 9

10 A FEW PROBLEMS STILL REMAIN The formatted record layout is one appendix in the data file documentation. The RTF output from this program is added to a longer Word document that contains the user s guide, state codes, survey instrument, imputation flag frequencies, and frequencies and distributions of the variables. We have had problems with the page number code on other RTF outputs when inserted into existing Word documents, so we do not handle page numbering in the SAS program. This may not be an issue in SAS 9.2. We used ODS RTF output in this program to create the output file. ODS RTF output lets Word handle page breaks. The original record layout in Word was manually edited to prevent variable groups from splitting across pages, and to ensure that the survey part description was not stranded on one page with the first variable in that section on the following page. Variable groups do split across pages and survey part descriptions are sometimes stranded in the output from this program. SAS 9.2 with the RTF tagset may be able to avoid these problems. OTHER PROBLEMS NOW SOLVED Now that we have the survey metadata in an Excel spreadsheet, it is available for use in other programs. Specifically, we can now use the footer1 through footer10 variables when we produce PROC FREQ output for the database documentation. The online proceedings will contain the other programs used to produce some of the appendices for the public use file database documentation. WARNING ON EXPERIMENTAL METHOD Let me emphasize that the object oriented features are experimental in SAS Figure 7 is a screen shot from the log when you run this program. Note that the message in green is important, so I spotlighted it here. Figure 7. Warning that method is experimental in SAS * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * 10

11 REFERENCES DiIorio, Frank and Abolafia, Jeff The Design and Use of Metadata: Part Fine Art, Part Black Art, Proceedings of the 14 th Annual Southeast SAS Users Group Conference. Atlanta, GA. Available at O Connor, Daniel Next Generation Data _NULL_ Report Writing Using ODS OO Features, Proceedings of the Twenty-Eighth Annual SAS Users Group International Conference. Seattle, WA. Available at O Connor has posted more information at and ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS SAS is a Registered Trademark of the SAS Institute, Inc. of Cary, North Carolina. Other brand and product names are trademarks of their respective companies. The author wishes to thank Cindy Sheckells for asking if SAS could produce this type of output. The author wishes to thank Chris Boniface, James Clement, Carma Hogue, Johnny Monaco, Rita Petroni, Cindy Sheckells, and Freda Spence for reading the draft of this paper and providing helpful comments. DISCLAIMER This report is released to inform interested parties of research and to encourage discussion. The views expressed on technical issues are those of the author and not necessarily those of the U.S. Census Bureau. CONTACT INFORMATION Your comments and questions are valued and encouraged. Contact the author at: Suzanne M. Dorinski U.S. Census Bureau OSMREP, Room 7K042E Washington, DC (301) Suzanne.Marie.Dorinski@census.gov * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * 11

12 APPENDIX COMPLETE PROGRAM dm 'cle log; cle out'; *********************************************************************************; * this is create_stla_file_layout_document_from_spreadsheet_object_oriented.sas *; * *; * Program creates file layout from spreadsheet, using ODS object oriented *; * features. See SUGI paper by Daniel O'Connor of SAS for more details. *; * Output is RTF. TECHNIQUE IS EXPERIMENTAL FOR SAS *; * *; * suzanne m. dorinski 7/6/08 *; *********************************************************************************; **************** MACRO VARIABLES **************************************; * cy is the current year in 4 digit format; * py is the prior year in 4 digit format; * cy_2_digits is the last 2 digits of current year; * long_text_length is used in length and attrib statements so that we can deal with * really long text fields; * num_records is the number of states that responded for StLA; * num_fields is the number of fields shown in the record layout; * rec_size is physical size of the fixed-width file; * input_dir_spreadsheet is the directory where the spreadsheet is stored; * spreadsheet_name is the name of the file layout spreadsheet -- do NOT include.xls extension; * dsn_dir is the directory where the permanent data set will be stored; * output_dir is the directory where the RTF will be stored; * output_file_name is the name of the RTF output -- do NOT include.rtf extension; %let cy=2005; %let py=2004; %let cy_2_digits=05; %let long_text_length=1000; %let num_records=51; %let num_fields=468; %let rec_size=103 KB; %let input_dir_spreadsheet=c:\users\suzanne\documents\nesug_2008_stla; %let spreadsheet_name=stla_2005_file_layout_in_excel_object_oriented; %let output_dir=c:\users\suzanne\documents\nesug_2008_stla; %let output_file_name=&cy._example_file_layout_from_spreadsheet_object_oriented; **************** END MACRO VARIABLES **********************************; options missing=' ' linesize=132 pagesize=60 nodate nonumber mprint; title; footnote; ODS ESCAPECHAR='^'; ODS LISTING CLOSE; * do not show output in listing window ; ODS RESULTS OFF; * do not open up Word viewer in SAS session ; ODS PATH WORK.TEMPLAT(UPDATE) SASHELP.Tmplmst(READ); proc template; define style styles.newprinter; parent=styles.printer; replace color_list 12

13 "Colors used in the default style" / 'link'= blue 'bgh'= white /* bgh was graybb */ 'fg' = black 'bg' = white; replace fonts / 'TitleFont2' = ("Arial",12pt,Bold) /* this is font used for titles in ODS OO output! */ 'TitleFont' = ("Arial",12pt,Bold ) /* default is Times Roman 13pt bold italic */ 'StrongFont' = ("Times Roman",12pt,Bold) /* default is 10 pt */ 'EmphasisFont' = ("Times Roman",10pt,Italic) 'FixedEmphasisFont' = ("Courier",9pt,Italic) 'FixedStrongFont' = ("Courier",9pt,Bold) 'FixedHeadingFont' = ("Courier",9pt,Bold) 'BatchFixedFont' = ("SAS Monospace, Courier",6.7pt) 'FixedFont' = ("Courier",9pt) 'headingemphasisfont' = ("Times Roman",12pt,Bold Italic) /* default is 11 pt */ 'headingfont' = ("Arial",9pt,Bold) /* default is Times Roman 11 pt bold */ 'docfont' = ("Arial",9pt); /* default is Times Roman 10 pt */ style body from document / leftmargin=0.8in rightmargin=0.5in topmargin=0.8in bottommargin=1in; style rowheader from rowheader / background=_undef_ font=fonts('headingfont') just=left protectspecialchars=off; /* allow me to insert RTF control words */ style table from table / rules=groups /* only line inside table is below header */ frame=above /* put line above header */ cellpadding=0pt /* minimize space inside cells */ outputwidth=100%; /* outputwidth=100% forces all tables to use entire width of page */ style data from data / protectspecialchars=off; /* allow me to use RTF control words in data cells */ style UserText from UserText "Controls the TEXT= style" / outputwidth=100% /* force ODS RTF TEXT= cells to use entire width of page */ protectspecialchars=off; style systemtitle from systemtitle / protectspecialchars=off; /* allow me to insert RTF control words */ run; %macro print_blank_line; obj.format_cell(' ', column_span: 7); %mend print_blank_line; %macro check_footers; 13

14 %do i=1 %to 9; if footer&i ne '' then footer&i._text=resolve(footer&i); obj.format_cell(' ', column_span: 6); obj.format_cell(text: footer&i._text, if footer%eval(&i+1)='' then % %mend check_footers; PROC IMPORT OUT= WORK.file_layout DATAFILE= "&input_dir_spreadsheet\&spreadsheet_name..xls" DBMS=EXCEL REPLACE; SHEET="file_layout"; GETNAMES=YES; MIXED=NO; SCANTEXT=YES; USEDATE=YES; SCANTIME=YES; RUN; PROC IMPORT OUT= WORK.part_description DATAFILE= "&input_dir_spreadsheet\&spreadsheet_name..xls" DBMS=EXCEL REPLACE; SHEET="survey_part_description"; GETNAMES=YES; MIXED=NO; SCANTEXT=YES; USEDATE=YES; SCANTIME=YES; RUN; * at the moment, we assume that the file layout spreadsheet * DOES have survey_part for items reserved for future use. need to * do that to make sure that the merge works properly. ; data file_layout; merge file_layout(in=f) part_description(in=p); by survey_part; run; * description_header is currently longer than description field, * so we need to use ATTRIB statement below, because description * is the column where description_header will be printed. * we also have to add extra length to account for any special * RTF control words and style formats applied inside description. * remember that ATTRIB statement needs to be done before set * statement, and you have to specify both the length and the format! ; data file_layout; attrib description length=$&long_text_length format=$&long_text_length..; set file_layout; 14

15 run; options orientation=portrait center; ODS RTF FILE="&output_dir\&output_file_name..rtf" STYLE=newprinter; * RESOLVE FUNCTION! need it here to get SAS to resolve the macro variables that * are used in description_header and description variables. as far as i can tell, * this is the only way to get the &cy in the Excel spreadsheet to show up as the * value specified in the %let statement at the top of this program. ; * also using resolve function to resolve macro variables used in footer variables; data _null_; length description_header_text description_text footer1_text footer2_text footer3_text footer4_text footer5_text footer6_text footer7_text footer8_text footer9_text footer10_text $ &long_text_length ; set file_layout end=eof; by survey_part; if _n_=1 then dcl odsout obj(); obj.open_dir(); obj.title(text: "Appendix A Record Layout of State Library Agencies Data File, FY &CY^n (istla&cy_2_digits.a.mdb and istla&cy_2_digits.a.txt)", overrides: "font_style= " ); obj.table_start(); obj.head_start(); obj.row_start(type: "Header"); obj.format_cell(text: "Variable^n name", overrides: "cellwidth=1in just=l"); obj.format_cell(text: "Survey^n part", overrides: "cellwidth=0.5in just=l"); obj.format_cell(text: "Data^n item", overrides: "cellwidth=0.5in just=l"); obj.format_cell(text: "Data^n type", overrides: "cellwidth=0.5in just=l"); obj.format_cell(text: "Field^n length", overrides: "cellwidth=0.5in just=l"); obj.format_cell(text: "Start^n position", overrides: "cellwidth=0.5in just=l"); obj.format_cell(text: "Description", overrides: "cellwidth=3.3in just=l"); obj.head_end(); /* now add notes at very top of record layout! */ obj.format_cell(' ', column_span: 2); obj.format_cell(text: "Data Source: State Library Agencies Survey, Fiscal Year &cy", column_span: 5, overrides: "just=l"); obj.format_cell(' ', column_span: 2); obj.format_cell(text: "Number of records = %trim(&num_records) (one record per observation)", column_span: 5, overrides: "just=l"); obj.format_cell(' ', column_span: 2); obj.format_cell(text: "Number of fields = %trim(&num_fields)", column_span: 5, overrides: "just=l"); obj.format_cell(' ', column_span: 2); 15

16 obj.format_cell(text: "ASCII file (istla&cy_2_digits.a.txt) is fixed width; record size = %trim(&rec_size) ", column_span: 5, overrides: "just=l"); if first.survey_part then obj.format_cell(text: survey_part_description, column_span: 7, overrides: "just=l"); * if description_header has text, print it out in column 7 after printing a blank * line. ; if description_header ne '' then description_header_text=resolve(description_header); obj.format_cell(' ', column_span: 6); obj.format_cell(text: description_header_text, description_text=resolve(description); * if variable_name is blank, there should be a note in the description field * explaining that the item is reserved for future use. want a blank line before * and after that note. ; if variable_name='' then obj.format_cell(' ', column_span: 6); obj.format_cell(text: description_text, overrides: "just=l font_weight=medium" ); * otherwise the observation in the data set is an entire row that should be printed * out. ; else obj.format_cell(text: variable_name, obj.format_cell(text: survey_part, obj.format_cell(text: data_item, obj.format_cell(text: data_type, obj.format_cell(text: trim(put(field_length, 10.)), obj.format_cell(text: trim(put(start_position, 10.)), obj.format_cell(text: description_text, * check to see if footer1, footer2, footer3, etc exist. if they do, print in * column 7 ("description") in output, and put blank line after last bit of text. ; %check_footers if footer10 ne '' then footer10_text=resolve(footer10); 16

17 obj.format_cell(' ', column_span: 6); obj.format_cell(text: footer10_text, if last.survey_part then ; if eof then obj.table_end(); obj.title(clear: 2); obj.close_dir(); run; ODS RTF TEXT="N\tab Numeric field."; ODS RTF TEXT="A\tab Alpha character field."; ODS RTF TEXT=" \tab Not applicable."; ODS RTF TEXT="NOTE: The survey instrument is in appendix C."; ODS RTF CLOSE; proc template; delete styles.newprinter; run; * now open the listing window again ; ODS LISTING; 17