REPORT MICROCHIP CONTROLLER UNITS AND DIGITAL TECHNICS PRACTICING. Student : Đỗ Thành Trung Student Number : Class : 14146CL2 CONTENT :

Transcription

1 REPORT CONTENT : MICROCHIP CONTROLLER UNITS AND DIGITAL TECHNICS PRACTICING Lecturer : Student : Mst. Bùi Hà Đức Đỗ Thành Trung Student Number : Class : 14146CL2 Ho Chi Minh city, 26 th October

2 Preface : icrocontroller Units (MCUs) are being used in daily life and industry as a need of more productivity, more modernizing and more profits. So it is important for students who are now studying to be Engineers, especially those who are going to be Automation Engineers, to master this century-technology as fast as possible. By mastering it, we will have contributed great pieces for developments of society and the world. There are lots of MCUs manufacturers in the world such as : ATMel ( Arduino series ), Microchip( Pic 16F877, Dspic30F family,. ) but I am using 2 products of Microchip are dspic30f4011 for real-life exercises and dspic33fj12gp202 for virtual exercises on Proteus. They are Microchip's 16-bit, PIC24 MCUs and dspic Digital Signal Controllers provide designers with an easy upgrade path from 8-bit PIC microcontrollers and a cost effective option to 32-bit MCUs. The broad product line includes everything from extreme Low Power microcontrollers to high performance digital signal controllers. With single cycle execution, deterministic interrupt response, zero overhead looping, and fast DMA, the dspic family also adds a single cycle 16x16 MAC and 40-bit accumulators, ideal for math intensive applications like motor control and digital power. Combined with hardware and free software, these 16-bit products are ideal for designs including high efficiency Motor Control, platinum-rated Digital Power Supplies, and Low Power for longer battery life in portable applications. Integrated touch and display features help lower costs and simplify designs for user interfaces including mtouch Sensing, Graphics, and Segmented Display drivers. Also specialized peripherals and software for Connectivity such as USB, CAN and wireless protocols make it easy to communicate with other systems. 2

3 I am using Proteus v8.3 sp2 to create virtual environment for exercises, Xc16 as compiler and MPLAB X IDE v3.40 to configure Bits of PIC Memory View and PICKIT 3 to load the data into MCUs. 3

4 Chapters list : I. Introduction to Microcontroller and MPLB X IDE v3.40 II. III. Lab 1 : Interacting with LEDs Lab 2 : Timer IV. Lab 3 : LCD and ADC ( Analog to Digital Conversion ) V. Lab 4 : PWM ( Pulse Width Modulation ) VI. Homeworks and tests. 4

5 INTRODUCTION TO MICROCHIPS AND MPLAB X IDE v Microchip Technology Inc. The Embedded Control Solutions Company - Microchip Technology Inc. is a leading provider of microcontroller and analog semiconductors, providing low-risk product development, lower total system cost and faster time to market for thousands of diverse customer applications worldwide. Headquartered in Chandler, Arizona, Microchip offers outstanding technical support along with dependable delivery and quality. - MPLAB X Integrated Development Environment (IDE) MPLAB X IDE is a software program that runs on a PC (Windows, Mac OS, Linux ) to develop applications for Microchip microcontrollers and digital signal controllers. It is called an Integrated Development Environment (IDE), because it provides a single integrated "environment" to develop code for embedded microcontrollers. 5

6 MPLAB XC16 PRO Compiler Subscription License MPLAB XC Compilers produce highly optimized code. Subscription licenses unlock PRO-level optimizations, which produce the best execution speed and code size for all PIC microcontrollers (MCUs) and dspic Digital Signal Controllers (DSCs) along with the best in compiler features. The MPLAB XC16 PRO Subscription License is charged on a monthly basis, providing 16-bit designers the ability to make use of the most features and best code optimization only when needed in the design cycle. Subscribers will also have the ability to use any version MPLAB XC16 Microchip compiler at any time, without the need for an active Microchip MPLAB XC High Priority Access (HPA) maintenance subscription. Unlike most software subscription solutions, the license is not cloudbased, providing designers the additional flexibility of using the license offline. Some example layouts : 6

7 . This is Proteus : Note : In my report, I will describe most of my projects and exercises by Proteus. We can apply the code from dspic33 into dspic30 with some changes in Configuration Bits and Registers. 7

8 And let s move on to our main projects! 8

9 Lab 1 : Basic Inputs and Outputs, Interacting with LEDs. 2.1 Objectives : - Get familiar with basic interfacing techniques and learn how to use the various microcontroller peripheral registers. - Improve skills in programming C language. 2.2 Common Registers : - TRISx : Data direction register, all port pins are defined as inputs after a reset. x : pins (B, A, ) TRISx = 0 ; define pin is an output TRISx = 0 ; define pin is an input - LATx : supply data to the outputs - PORTx : state of the input pins - ADPCFG : control the analog/digital assignment of each pin. o 1 will set that pin in Digital mode o 0 will set that pin in Analog mode 2.3 Experiments : Project 1 : Blinking LEDs. 8 LEDs are connected to PORTB[0-7] of the microcontroller. Blink the LEDs continuously with 1 sec on, 1 sec off. #Setting : Resistor value = 290 Ohm. Capacitor value = 22pF XTAL = 10MHz This is the schematic: 9

10 /* * File: blinking_led.c * Author: TrungChua * * Created on October 1, 2016, 9:54 AM */ #include <xc.h> #pragma config FNOSC = PRI #pragma config POSCMD = XT #pragma config FWDTEN = OFF // Oscillator Mode (Primary Oscillator (XT, HS, EC)) // Primary Oscillator Source (XT Oscillator Mode) // Watchdog Timer Enable (Watchdog timer enabled/disabled by user software) #define XTFREQ #define PLLMODE 1 #define FCY XTFREQ*PLLMODE/2 #include <libpic30.h> 10

11 void main(void) // IOs ADPCFG = 0xFFF ; //Define TRISB = 0; //cac chan B la output //Vars int i,j; int dem ; dem=0; int A[8] = 0x01,0x02,0x04,0x08,0x10,0x20,0x40,0x80; while(1) LATB = A[i]; delay_ms(1000); LATB = 0 ; delay_ms(1000); Project 2 : Chasing LEDs. 8 LEDs are connected to PORTB[0-7] of the microcontroller. The LEDs turn on alternately in clockwise manner where only one LED is ON at any time. #Setting : Resistor value = 290 Ohm. Capacitor value = 22pF XTAL = 10MHz Delay = 100ms This is the schematic: 11

12 /* * File: blinking_led.c * Author: TrungChua * * Created on October 1, 2016, 9:54 AM */ #include <xc.h> #pragma config FNOSC = PRI #pragma config POSCMD = XT #pragma config FWDTEN = OFF // Oscillator Mode (Primary Oscillator (XT, HS, EC)) // Primary Oscillator Source (XT Oscillator Mode) // Watchdog Timer Enable (Watchdog timer enabled/disabled by user software) #define XTFREQ #define PLLMODE 1 #define FCY XTFREQ*PLLMODE/2 #include <libpic30.h> 12

13 void main(void) // IOs ADPCFG = 0xFFF ; //Define TRISB = 0; //cac chan B la output //Vars int i,j; int dem ; dem=0; i=0; int A[8] = 0x01,0x02,0x04,0x08,0x10,0x20,0x40,0x80; while(1) LATB = A[i]; delay_ms(100); LATB = 0 ; delay_ms(100); i++; if(i>7) i=0; Project 3: Chasing LEDs with Button Like Project 2 but If the button is pressed, the Leds will run in anticlockwise manner. #Setting : Resistor value = 290 Ohm. Capacitor value = 22pF XTAL = 10MHz Delay time depends on users. This is the schematic : 13

14 /* * File: blinking_led_with_button.c * Author: TrungChua * * Created on October 1, 2016, 9:54 AM */ #include <xc.h> #pragma config FNOSC = PRI #pragma config POSCMD = XT #pragma config FWDTEN = OFF // Oscillator Mode (Primary Oscillator (XT, HS, EC)) // Primary Oscillator Source (XT Oscillator Mode) // Watchdog Timer Enable (Watchdog timer enabled/disabled by user software) #define XTFREQ #define PLLMODE 1 #define FCY XTFREQ*PLLMODE/2 #include <libpic30.h> void main(void) //IOs 14

15 ADPCFG = 0xFFF ; TRISB = 0; TRISBbits.TRISB15 = 1; //Vars int i ; int dem ; dem=0; i=0; int A[8] = 0x01,0x02,0x04,0x08,0x10,0x20,0x40,0x80; while(portbbits.rb15 == 1 ) X: delay_ms(50); LATB=A[i]; delay_ms(50); LATB = 0; i++; if(i>7) i=0; if(portbbits.rb15 == 0) delay_ms(50); while (i>=0) if(portbbits.rb15 == 1) Z: dem++; delay_ms(50); while(dem%2!=0) delay_ms(50); LATB=A[i]; delay_ms(50); LATB = 0; i--; 15

16 if(i==-1) i=7; if(portbbits.rb15 == 0) delay_ms(50); goto Z; if(dem%2==0) goto X; Project 4 : Random LEDs. 8 LEDs are connected to PORTB[0-7] of the microcontroller. the LEDs light one LED at a time but in random positions. #Setting : Resistor value = 290 Ohm. Capacitor value = 22pF XTAL = 10MHz Delay = 100ms #include <xc.h> #include <stdio.h> #include <stdlib.h> #define XTFREQ #define PLLMODE 1 #define FCY XTFREQ*PLLMODE/2 16

17 #include <libpic30.h> #pragma config FNOSC = PRI #pragma config FWDTEN = OFF #pragma config POSCMD = XT void main() ADPCFG=0xFF; TRISB=0; int c, k,n; char s=""; n=rand()%(256); for (c = 7; c >= 0; c--) k = n >> c; if (k & 1) s=s+"1"; else s=s+"0"; n= atoi(s); while (1) LATB=0b n; delay_ms(100); LATB=0; delay_ms(100); Project 5 : 7-Segment LED Interfacing. Write a program to display a 2-digit number on the 7-segment LEDs. #Setting : Resistor value = 290 Ohm. 17

18 Capacitor value = 22pF XTAL = 10MHz Delay = 50ms This is the schematic: /* * File: 7seg_16.c * Author: TrungChua * * Created on October 1, 2016, 9:54 AM */ #include <xc.h> #pragma config FNOSC = PRI #pragma config POSCMD = XT #pragma config FWDTEN = OFF // Oscillator Mode (Primary Oscillator (XT, HS, EC)) // Primary Oscillator Source (XT Oscillator Mode) // Watchdog Timer Enable (Watchdog timer enabled/disabled by user software) #define XTFREQ #define PLLMODE 1 #define FCY XTFREQ*PLLMODE/2 18

19 #include <libpic30.h> void main(void) //Led array unsigned char A[] = 0x3F,0x06,0x5B,0x4F,0x66,0x6D,0x7D,0x07,0xFf,0x6f; //IOs ADPCFG = 0xFFF ; //cac chan vo input la analog TRISB = 0; //cac chan B la output while(1) LATBbits.LATB10 = 0 ; LATB = 0xFB00 A[1]; delay_ms(50); LATBbits.LATB10 = 1 ; LATBbits.LATB11 = 0; LATB = 0xF700 A[6] ; delay_ms(50); LATBbits.LATB11 = 1; Project 6 : Write a program to display number 2016 using 7-segment LEDs. #Setting : Resistor value = 290 Ohm. Capacitor value = 22pF XTAL = 10MHz Delay = 50ms This is the schematic: 19

20 /* * File: 2016.c * Author: TrungChua * * Created on Ngày 01 tháng 10 năm 2016, 16:28 */ #include<xc.h> #define XTFREQ #define PLLMODE 1 #define FCY XTFREQ*PLLMODE/2 #include<libpic30.h> unsigned char a=0b ; unsigned char flag=0; int main(void) 20

21 //IOs ADPCFG=0xFFF; TRISB=0; LATB=0x3F; //Led array int a[]=0x3f,0x06,0x5b,0x4f,0x66,0x6d,0x7d,0x07,0x7f,0x6f; while(1) TRISBbits.TRISB11=0; LATB=0xF000 a[2]; delay_ms(5); TRISBbits.TRISB11=1; TRISBbits.TRISB12=0; LATB= 0xEF00 a[0]; delay_ms(5); TRISBbits.TRISB12=1; TRISBbits.TRISB13=0; LATB=0xDF00 a[1]; delay_ms(5); TRISBbits.TRISB13=1; TRISBbits.TRISB14=0; LATB=0xBF00 a[6]; delay_ms(5); TRISBbits.TRISB14=1; return 0; 21

22 Lab 2 : Timer. 3.1 Objectives : - Get familiar with basic interfacing techniques and learn how to work with TIMER and its registers. - Improve skills in programming C language. - Combine skills in connecting various peripheral devices. 3.2 Common Registers : Timer register (16bits) T1CON - control register PR1 - Period TMR1 - counter T1CONbits.TON Enable timer register o = 1 Enable o = 0 Disable Timer interrupt Bit IFS0bits.T1IF - interrupt flag status bit Bit IEC0bits.T1IE - interrupt enable bit Bit IPC0bits.T1IP<2:0> - interrupt priority Timer ISR : int num; void _ISR _T1Interrupt(void) 22

23 num++; IFS0bits.T1IF = 0; 3.3 Experiments : Project 1 : 0 to 99 Write a program to display number from 0 to 99 using 7-segment LEDs and Timer. #Setting : Resistor value = 290 Ohm. Capacitor value = 22pF XTAL = 10MHz Delay = 10ms This is the schematic: /* 23

24 * File: 7seg_Timer.c * Author: TrungChua * * Created on Ngày 01 tháng 10 năm 2016, 16:28 */ #include "xc.h" #include <p33fj12gp202.h> #include <stdio.h> #pragma config FNOSC = PRI #pragma config POSCMD = XT // Oscillator Mode (Primary Oscillator (XT, HS, EC)) // Primary Oscillator Source (XT Oscillator Mode) #pragma config FWDTEN = OFF #define XTFREQ // Crystal frequency #define PLLMODE 1 // On-chip PLL setting #define FCY XTFREQ*PLLMODE/2 // Instruction Cycle Frequency #include <libpic30.h> // library for delay function int num; void _ISR _T1Interrupt(void) num++; IFS0bits.T1IF=0; If(t==100) t =0; void main(void) //Led array unsigned char Led[] = 0x3F,0x06,0x5B,0x4F,0x66,0x6D,0x7D,0x07,0x7f,0x6f; //IOs ADPCFG = 0xFFFF ; //input la digital TRISB = 0; //B output //Timer 24

25 TMR1 = 0 ; IFS0bits.T1IF =0; IEC0bits.T1IE = 1; PR1 = 0x4C4b; //tao delay 1s T1CON = 0x8030; //chon prescaler 1:256 while(1) int a,b; a = num/10; b = num%10; delay_ms(10); LATBbits.LATB15=1; LATB=0x8000 Led[a]; LATBbits.LATB15=0; delay_ms(10); LATBbits.LATB14=1; LATB=0x4000 Led[b]; LATBbits.LATB14=0; Project 2 : You DRUNK or WHAT? Write a program to inspect people after a party whether they had drunk too much or not, using 7-segment LEDs and Timer. + The time is indicated by the LEDs after the button is pressed + TIMER is activated ONLY when the LED-BLUE lights on. LED-BLUE on 1 sec and off 1 sec. #Setting : Resistor value = 290 Ohm. Capacitor value = 22pF 25

26 XTAL = 10MHz Delay = 10ms This is the schematic: /* * File: Drunk.c * Author: TrungChua * * Created on Ngày 17 tháng 10 năm 2016, 16:28 */ #include <xc.h> #pragma config FNOSC = PRI #pragma config POSCMD = XT #pragma config FWDTEN = OFF // Oscillator Mode (Primary Oscillator (XT, HS, EC)) // Primary Oscillator Source (HS Oscillator Mode) // Watchdog Timer Enable (Watchdog timer enabled/disabled by user software) #define XTFREQ #define PLLMODE 1 26

27 #define FCY XTFREQ*PLLMODE/2 #include <libpic30.h> // khai bao bien chung int r,k; // ngat timer void _ISR _T1Interrupt (void) k++; r=0; if (k%2==0) LATAbits.LATA0 = 0; else if (k%2==1) LATAbits.LATA0 = 1; IFS0bits.T1IF = 0; int hienso(int q) int a[10]=0x3f,0x06,0x5b,0x4f,0x66,0x6d,0x7d,0x07,0x7f,0x6f; LATBbits.LATB10=0; LATB=0x7B00 a[q/1000] ; delay_ms(10); LATBbits.LATB10=1; LATBbits.LATB11=0; LATB= 0x7700 a[q%1000/100]; delay_ms(10); LATBbits.LATB11=1; LATBbits.LATB12=0; LATB= 0x6F00 a[q%100/10]; delay_ms(10); 27

28 LATBbits.LATB12=1; LATBbits.LATB13=0; LATB= 0x5F00 a[q%10]; delay_ms(10); LATBbits.LATB13=1; return(0); int main(void) // khai bao IO ADPCFG = 0xFFFF; TRISB=0; TRISBbits.TRISB14 = 1; TRISAbits.TRISA0 = 0; TRISAbits.TRISA1 = 1; // khai bao timer TMR1 = 0; PR1 = 0x4C4C; IFS0bits.T1IF = 0; IEC0bits.T1IE = 1; T1CON = 0x8030; //khai bao bien long tt=0; // loop while (1) if(portabits.ra1==0) T1CONbits.TON = 0; 28

29 if (k%2==1 && r==0) tt = TMR1*0.0512;r=1; //tt = ((TMR1*256*2)/ )*1000; delay_ms(50); while(portabits.ra1==0) ; T1CONbits.TON = 1; hienso(tt); return (0); Lab 3 : LCD and ADC ( Analog to Digital Conversion ). 4.1 Objectives : - Get familiar with basic interfacing techniques and learn how to work with TIMER, LCD, ADC and their registers. - Improve skills in programming C language. - Combine skills in connecting various peripheral devices. 4.2 Common Registers : LCD : - #include <lcd.h> - Lcd_Init(); - Activate LCD - Lcd_Clear() Clear screen for next cycle. 29

30 - Lcd_Set_Cursor(x,y) set cursor. o x, y : coordinate of cursor on the screen, x<2 and y < Lcd_Write_String(<string>); - show strings on screen. - sprintf(<char array >,"%u",<int numbers>) - %f with float numbers. => use this function to convert from num to string. ADC : *Attention : these below registers are used for dspic33 MCUs but not for dspic30f MCUs. You may want to look up for the Datasheet of dspic30f Family if you are working with dspic30f Configure port pins as analog inputs ( register ADPCFG ). - Select input chanel AD1CHS0. - Select conversion clock ( AD1CON3 ) - Select conversion trigger (AD1CON1 ) - Turn on module ( AD1CON1.ADON ) - Start sampling : SAMP for manual sampling or ASAMP for automatic sampling. - DONE bit to finish SAMP process. - Data is returned to ADCBUF Experiments : Project 1 : Show Time. Write a program to show time using LCD and Timer. #Setting : Capacitor value = 22pF XTAL = 10MHz Delay = 1s This is the schematic: 30

31 /* * File: LCD_Timer.c * Author: TrungChua * * Created on Ngày 20 tháng 10 năm 2016, 16:28 */ #include <xc.h> #include <stdio.h> #include <stdlib.h> #pragma config FNOSC = PRI #pragma config POSCMD = XT #pragma config FWDTEN = OFF // Oscillator Mode (Primary Oscillator (XT, HS, EC)) // Primary Oscillator Source (HS Oscillator Mode) // Watchdog Timer Enable (Watchdog timer enabled/disabled by user software) #define XTFREQ #define PLLMODE 1 31

32 #define FCY XTFREQ*PLLMODE/2 #include <libpic30.h> #define RS LATBbits.LATB14 #define EN LATBbits.LATB15 #define D4 LATBbits.LATB0 #define D5 LATBbits.LATB1 #define D6 LATBbits.LATB2 #define D7 LATBbits.LATB3 #include "lcd.h" #include <p33fj12gp202.h> int s; void _ISR _T1Interrupt(void) s++; IFS0bits.T1IF = 0 ; int main (void) // IO ADPCFG = 1; TRISB = 0 ; //TIMER TMR1 = 0 ; IFS0bits.T1IF = 0 ; IEC0bits.T1IE =1 ; PR1 = 0X1E85 ; T1CON = 0X0030; //LCD Lcd_Init(); unsigned char b[8]; unsigned int a ; while (1) 32

33 delay_ms(100); T1CON = 0x8030; delay_ms(100); sprintf(b,"%u",s); Lcd_Clear(); Lcd_Set_Cursor(1,1); Lcd_Write_String("TMR = "); Lcd_Set_Cursor(2,1); Lcd_Write_String(b); T1CON = 0X0030; return 0; Project 2 : Which temperature is it? Write a program to show room s temperature using LCD and LM35. #Setting : Capacitor value = 22pF XTAL = 10MHz This is the schematic: 33

34 /* * File: ADC_LM35.c * Author: TrungChua * * Created on Ngày 20 tháng 10 năm 2016, 16:28 */ #include <xc.h> #include <stdio.h> #include <stdlib.h> #pragma config FNOSC = PRI #pragma config POSCMD = XT #pragma config FWDTEN = OFF // Oscillator Mode (Primary Oscillator (XT, HS, EC)) // Primary Oscillator Source (HS Oscillator Mode) // Watchdog Timer Enable (Watchdog timer enabled/disabled by user software) #define XTFREQ #define PLLMODE 1 #define FCY XTFREQ*PLLMODE/2 34

35 #include <libpic30.h> #define RS LATBbits.LATB14 #define EN LATBbits.LATB15 #define D4 LATBbits.LATB0 #define D5 LATBbits.LATB1 #define D6 LATBbits.LATB2 #define D7 LATBbits.LATB3 #include "lcd.h" #include <p33fj12gp202.h> int main (void) //IOs ADPCFG = 0xFFF0; TRISB = 0; //ADC AD1CON1bits.ADON =1 ;//ADC on AD1CHS0=1;//Connect AN1 as CH0 input AD1CSSL = 0; //No scan AD1CON3 = 0x000F; //LCD Lcd_Init(); double t ; unsigned char a[10]; while (1) AD1CON1bits.SAMP = 1 ; delay_us(10); AD1CON1bits.SAMP = 0; while(ad1con1bits.done == 0); t = ADCBUF0 ; t = (t*5000/1024)/10; //max ADC la 1023, LM35 chi hoat dong o 10mV/1 do C sprintf(a,"%f",t); Lcd_Clear(); 35

36 Lcd_Set_Cursor(1,1); Lcd_Write_String("Temp = "); Lcd_Set_Cursor(2,1); Lcd_Write_String(a); delay_ms(500); return 0; Project 3 : Adjust variable resistor Write a program to show temperature in room using LCD and LM35. #Setting : Capacitor value = 22pF XTAL = 10MHz This is the schematic: /* * File: ADC_POT.c * Author: TrungChua 36

37 * * Created on Ngày 22 tháng 10 năm 2016, 16:28 */ #include <xc.h> #include <stdio.h> #include <stdlib.h> #pragma config FNOSC = PRI #pragma config POSCMD = XT #pragma config FWDTEN = OFF // Oscillator Mode (Primary Oscillator (XT, HS, EC)) // Primary Oscillator Source (HS Oscillator Mode) // Watchdog Timer Enable (Watchdog timer enabled/disabled by user software) #define XTFREQ #define PLLMODE 1 #define FCY XTFREQ*PLLMODE/2 #include <libpic30.h> #define RS LATBbits.LATB14 #define EN LATBbits.LATB15 #define D4 LATBbits.LATB0 #define D5 LATBbits.LATB1 #define D6 LATBbits.LATB2 #define D7 LATBbits.LATB3 #include "lcd.h" #include <p33fj12gp202.h> int main (void) // IO ADPCFG = 0xFFF0; TRISB = 0; AD1CON1bits.ADON =1 ;//ADC on AD1CHS0=1;//Connect AN2 as CH0 input AD1CSSL = 0; //No scan AD1CON3 = 0x000F; //ADCS=3 (min TAD for 10Mhz is 3*TCY = 300ns ) Lcd_Init(); 37

38 //Vars int adcvalue; unsigned char a[10]; while (1) AD1CON1bits.SAMP = 1 ; //Start sampling (SAMP = 1 ) delay_us(10); AD1CON1bits.SAMP = 0 ; //Clear SAMP bit ( trigger conversion ) while (AD1CON1bits.DONE == 0 ); //Wait for Done bit in ADCON1 adcvalue = ADCBUF0 ; //assign value to variable adcvalue //adcvalue = 800; adcvalue = (adcvalue*0.098); sprintf(a,"%u",adcvalue); Lcd_Clear(); Lcd_Set_Cursor(1,1); Lcd_Write_String(a); delay_ms(500); return 0; 38

39 Lab 4 : PWM ( Pulse Width Modulation ). *In this part, all of my experiments are real-life experiments so there will be no schematic or virtual environtments by Proteus. 5.1 Objectives : - Get familiar with basic interfacing techniques and learn how to work PWM and its registers. - Improve skills in programming C language. - Experience in real-life projects. - Combine skills in connecting various peripheral devices. 5.2 Common Registers : PTMR:PWM Time Base Register PTPER : PWM Time Base Period Register PWMCON1 : PWM Control Register #1 PWMCON2 : PWM Control Register #2 PDC1 : PWM Duty Cycle register #1 PDC2 : PWM Duty Cycle register #2 PDC3 : PWM Duty Cycle register #3 PDC4 : PWM Duty Cycle register #4 Refer to the dspic30f family manual, section 15 for more detail of these registers above. T PWM = T CY * ( PTPER +1 ) * PTPMR Prescaler Value Or PTMR is configured for one of the Continuous Up/Down Count modes : T PWM = T CY * 2 * ( PTPER +1 ) * PTPMR Prescaler Value 5.3 Experiments : 39

40 Project 1 : Control the brightness of light by pot /* * File: PWM1.c * Author: TrungChua * * Created on Ngày 22 tháng 10 năm 2016, 16:28 */ #pragma config FPR = HS // Primary Oscillator Mode (HS) #pragma config FOS = PRI // Oscillator Source (Primary Oscillator) #pragma config WDT = WDT_OFF // Watchdog Timer (Disabled) #include <stdio.h> #include <stdlib.h> #include <xc.h> #include <math.h> #define XTFREQ #define PLLMODE 1 #define FCY XTFREQ*PLLMODE/4 #include <libpic30.h> int k=3; double e; int main() //IOs TRISE = 0; LATE = 0xFF; ADPCFG = 0xFFF0; //ADC ADCHS = 2; ADCON1bits.ADON = 1; //ADC on PTCON = 0x800C; //prescaler 64 PTPER = 0x00FF; PWMCON1 = 0x0007; while(1) AD1CON1bits.SAMP = 1 ; //start sampling (SAMP = 1) delay_us(10); AD1CON1bits.SAMP = 0; // clear SAMP bit_trigger conversion) while (AD1CON1bits.DONE == 0); e = ADCBUF0; // assign value to e PDC1 = e * 255*500 / 1023 ; 40

41 return (0); Project 2 : Control the brightness of a tricolor LED /* * File: PWM2.c * Author: TrungChua * * Created on Ngày 22 tháng 10 năm 2016, 16:28 */ #pragma config FPR = HS // Primary Oscillator Mode (HS) #pragma config FOS = PRI // Oscillator Source (Primary Oscillator) #pragma config WDT = WDT_OFF // Watchdog Timer (Disabled) #include <stdio.h> #include <stdlib.h> #include <xc.h> #include <math.h> #define XTFREQ #define PLLMODE 1 #define FCY XTFREQ*PLLMODE/4 #include <libpic30.h> int k=3; double e; int main() TRISE = 0; LATE = 0xFF; ADPCFG = 0xFFF0; ADCHS = 2; ADCON1bits.ADON = 1; //ADC on PTCON = 0x800C; //prescaler 64 PTPER = 0x00FF; PWMCON1 = 0x0007; PDC1=255; PDC2=0; PDC3=0; while(1) while ( (PDC1 > 0)&&(PDC2<=255) ) PDC1 = PDC1-3; PDC2=PDC2+6; PDC3=PDC3+3; delay_ms(20); 41

42 return (0); while (PDC1 >0 ) PDC1 = PDC1-3; PDC2=PDC2-6; if (PDC2<=0) PDC2=0; PDC3=PDC3+3; delay_ms(20); while ( (PDC1 > 0)&&(PDC2<=255) ) PDC1 = PDC1+3; PDC2=PDC2+6; PDC3=PDC3-3; delay_ms(20); while (PDC1 <255 ) PDC1 = PDC1+3; PDC2=PDC2-6; if (PDC2<=0) PDC2=0; PDC3=PDC3-3; delay_ms(20); 42

43 HomeWorks and Tests. 6.1 Counter the button & turn on the led. #pragma config FNOSC = PRI // Oscillator Mode (Primary Oscillator (XT, HS, EC)) #pragma config POSCMD = HS // Primary Oscillator Source (HS Oscillator Mode) #pragma config FWDTEN = OFF // Watchdog Timer Enable (Watchdog timer enabled/disabled by user software) #include<xc.h> #define XTFREQ #define PLLMODE 1 #define FCY XTFREQ*PLLMODE/4 #include <libpic30.h> int main(void) ADPCFG = 0xFFFF; // analog to digital 43

44 TRISB = 0; // B output TRISE = 1; // E input int led4=0; int k; while (1) if (PORTEbits.RE0 == 0 ) delay_ms(50); while(portebits.re0 == 0) led4=~led4; LATBbits.LATB7 = led4; if (led4 == 1) A: if (PORTEbits.RE1 == 0 ) delay_ms(50); while(portebits.re1 == 0) k++; delay_ms(80); if (PORTEbits.RE1 == 0 ) goto A; LATB=0b k; LATBbits.LATB7=led4; return (0); 44

45 6.2 Use LCD & button to show the percent and control the speed. #pragma config FNOSC = PRI // Oscillator Mode (Primary Oscillator (XT, HS, EC)) #pragma config POSCMD = HS // Primary Oscillator Source (HS Oscillator Mode) #pragma config FWDTEN = OFF // Watchdog Timer Enable (Watchdog timer enabled/disabled by user software) #include <xc.h> #define xtfreq #define pllmode 1 #define FCY xtfreq*pllmode/2 #include "libpic30.h" #define RS LATBbits.LATB14 #define EN LATBbits.LATB15 #define D4 LATBbits.LATB0 #define D5 LATBbits.LATB1 #define D6 LATBbits.LATB2 #define D7 LATBbits.LATB3 #include <lcd.h> #include <p33fj12gp202.h> #include <stdio.h> #include <stdlib.h> 45

46 int s=0; int k ; void _ISR _T1Interrupt(void) s = s + k ; IFS0bits.T1IF = 0 ; if(s>1000) s = 0; int main (void) // IO ADPCFG = 0xFFFF; TRISB = 0 ; TRISBbits.TRISB12 = 1; TRISBbits.TRISB13 = 1 ; //TIMER TMR1 = 0 ; IFS0bits.T1IF = 0 ; IEC0bits.T1IE =1 ; PR1 = 0X5b8d ; T1CON = 0X8020; //LCD Lcd_Init(); unsigned char b[8]; k=20; while (1) if(portbbits.rb12 == 0) delay_ms(50); k=(k+20*0.2); 46

47 if(portbbits.rb13 == 0) delay_ms(50); k=( k-20*0.2); if (k<s) k=2; sprintf(b,"%u",s/10); Lcd_Clear(); Lcd_Set_Cursor(1,1); Lcd_Write_String("Level = "); Lcd_Set_Cursor(2,1); Lcd_Write_String(b); Lcd_Set_Cursor(2,5); Lcd_Write_String("%"); delay_ms(50); return 0; Use LM35 & POT( variable resistor) to control fan speed. 47

48 #include <p33fj32gp202.h> #include <xc.h> #include <stdio.h> #pragma config FNOSC = PRI // Oscillator Mode (Primary Oscillator (XT, HS, EC)) #pragma config POSCMD = XT // Primary Oscillator Source (XT Oscillator Mode) #pragma config FWDTEN = OFF #define XTFREQ #define PLLMODE 1 #define FCY XTFREQ*PLLMODE/4 #include <libpic30.h> #define RS LATBbits.LATB13 #define EN LATBbits.LATB14 #define D4 LATBbits.LATB1 #define D5 LATBbits.LATB2 #define D6 LATBbits.LATB3 #define D7 LATBbits.LATB4 #include <lcd.h> int k; double e; double i; double sp; void _ISR _T1Interrupt (void) e=0; for (k=0;k<=7;k++) AD1CHS0 = 1; // connect AN1 as CH0 input AD1CON1bits.SAMP = 1 ; //start sampling (SAMP = 1) delay_us(10); AD1CON1bits.SAMP = 0; // clear SAMP bit_trigger conversion) while (AD1CON1bits.DONE == 0); e = e + ADCBUF0; // assign value to e IFS0bits.T1IF = 0; e = e / 8 ; e = e * 500 / 1023 ; AD1CHS0 = 0; AD1CON1bits.SAMP = 1 ; //start sampling (SAMP = 1) delay_us(10); AD1CON1bits.SAMP = 0; // clear SAMP bit_trigger conversion) while (AD1CON1bits.DONE == 0); i = ADCBUF0; // assign value to e int main(void) //IOs TRISB=0; ADPCFG = 0xFFFF; //ADC AD1CHS0 = 1; // connect AN1 as CH0 input AD1CSSL = 0; //No scan 48

49 AD1CON1bits.ADON = 1; //ADC on //TIMER TMR1 = 0; PR1 = 0x4C4B; IFS0bits.T1IF = 0; // CLR INTERRUPT FLAG IEC0bits.T1IE = 1; // SET INTERRUPT ENABLE BIT T1CON = 0x8030; //LCD Lcd_Init(); unsigned char b[16]; while(1) if(e<40.0) sp = 0; else if (e>=40.0 && e < 65.0) sp = i; else if (e>=65.0) sp = 2200; sprintf(b,"%f",sp); Lcd_Clear(); Lcd_Set_Cursor(1,1); Lcd_Write_String("Fan speed "); Lcd_Set_Cursor(2,1); Lcd_Write_String(b); delay_ms(500); return (0); 6.4 TRAFFIC LIGHTS : 49

50 /* * HomeWork : Traffic Lights. * Created: Thu Oct * Processor: dspic33fj12gp202 * Compiler: MPLAB XC16 Den do : 15s Den xanh : 12s Den vang : 3s */ #include <xc.h> #pragma config FNOSC = PRI #pragma config POSCMD = XT #pragma config FWDTEN = OFF #define XTFREQ #define PLLMODE 1 #define FCY XTFREQ*PLLMODE/2 #include <libpic30.h> #include <p33fj12gp202.h> //Global Vars int t1,t2; int t; int k =0; int dd = 15; int dx = 12; int dv = 3 ; unsigned int den1=0, den2=0,den=0; void _ISR _T1Interrupt(void) t1--; t2--; if(t1<0 ) t1 = dd; if(t2 < 0 ) t2 =dx; IFS0bits.T1IF = 0; // Oscillator Mode (Primary Oscillator (XT, HS, EC)) // Primary Oscillator Source (XT Oscillator Mode) // Watchdog Timer Enable (Watchdog timer enabled/disabled by user software) int main (void) // IO ADPCFG = 0xFFFF ; TRISB = 0; //Timer TMR1 = 0 ; PR1 = 0x4C4B; IFS0bits.T1IF = 0 ; IEC0bits.T1IE = 1 ; T1CON = 0x8030; //Var unsigned int dendo1 = 0x0040; unsigned int denvang1 = 0x0080; unsigned int denxanh1 = 0x0100 ; unsigned int dendo2 = 0x0200; 50

51 unsigned int denvang2 = 0x0400; unsigned int denxanh2 = 0x0800 ; unsigned char mabit[10] = 0,0b0001,0b0010,0b0011,0b0100,0b0101,0b0110,0b0111,0b1000,0b1001; t1 = dd; t2 = dx; den1=dendo1; den2=denxanh2; t=dv; while (1) if(t2==0 && k == 0 ) t2 = t; den2=denvang2; k++; if(t1==0 && k == 1) t1 = dx ; den1=denxanh1; t2 = dd; den2=dendo2; k++; if(t1 ==0 && k == 2 ) t1 =t; den1=denvang1; k++; if(t2==0 && k == 3 &&t1==0 ) t1=dd; den1=dendo1; t2=dx; den2=denxanh2; k=0; int a,b,c,d; a=t1/10; b=t1%10; c=t2/10; d=t2%10; LATBbits.LATB12 = 0; LATB = 0X8000 mabit[a] den2 den1; delay_ms(10); LATBbits.LATB12 = 1; LATBbits.LATB13=0; LATB = 0x4000 mabit[b] den2 den1; delay_ms(10); LATBbits.LATB13=1; 51

52 LATBbits.LATB14 = 0; LATB = 0X2000 mabit[c] den2 den1; delay_ms(10); LATBbits.LATB14 = 1; LATBbits.LATB15=0; LATB = 0x1000 mabit[d] den2 den1; delay_ms(10); LATBbits.LATB15=1; return 0; 6.5 Final Test : /* Main.c file generated by New Project wizard * * Created: Sat Oct * Processor: dspic33fj12gp202 * Compiler: MPLAB XC16 */ #pragma config POSCMD = XT #pragma config FNOSC = PRI #pragma config FWDTEN = OFF // Primary Oscillator Source (XT Oscillator Mode) // Oscillator Mode (Primary Oscillator (XT, HS, EC)) // Watchdog Timer Enable (Watchdog timer enabled/disabled by user software) #include <xc.h> 52

53 #include <p33fj12gp202.h> #define xtfreq #define pllmode 1 #define FCY xtfreq*pllmode/2 #include "libpic30.h" #define RS LATBbits.LATB14 #define EN LATBbits.LATB15 #define D4 LATBbits.LATB4 #define D5 LATBbits.LATB5 #define D6 LATBbits.LATB6 #define D7 LATBbits.LATB7 #include "lcd.h" int t1=0; int t2=0; void _ISR _T1Interrupt(void) t1++; IFS0bits.T1IF =0 ; void _ISR _T2Interrupt(void) t2++; IFS0bits.T2IF =0 ; int main (void) // IOs ADPCFG = 0xfff; TRISB =0; TRISBbits.TRISB12 = 1; TRISBbits.TRISB13=1; //Timer TMR1=0; 53

54 PR1=0x4C4D; IFS0bits.T1IF = 0; IEC0bits.T1IE = 1 ; T1CON=0X0020; TMR2=0; PR2=0x4C4D; IFS0bits.T2IF = 0; IEC0bits.T2IE = 1 ; T2CON=0X0020; //Lcd Lcd_Init(); unsigned char s[10]; double V=0; while (1) if(portbbits.rb12==0) T2CONbits.TON=1; t1=0; delay_ms(50); while(portbbits.rb12==0); T2CONbits.TON=0; if(t2<1) Lcd_Clear(); Lcd_Set_Cursor(1,1); Lcd_Write_String("Wrong Item "); else if(t2>=1) T1CONbits.TON=1; delay_ms(50); t2=0; 54

55 if(portbbits.rb13==0) T1CON=0X0020; delay_ms(50); V=200/t1; while(portbbits.rb13==0) ; sprintf(s,"%f",v); Lcd_Clear(); Lcd_Set_Cursor(1,1); Lcd_Write_String("True Item(s) "); Lcd_Set_Cursor(2,1); Lcd_Write_String(s); Lcd_Set_Cursor(2,1); Lcd_Write_String("V = "); Lcd_Set_Cursor(2,5); Lcd_Write_String(s); Lcd_Set_Cursor(2,8); Lcd_Write_String("m/s "); delay_ms(50); return 0; END OF REPORT THANKS FOR YOUR ATTENTIONS! Great things come to those who hustle 55