mith College Computer Science Week 7 CSC111 Fall 2015 Dominique Thiébaut
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1 mith College Computer Science Week 7 CSC111 Fall 2015 Dominique Thiébaut dthiebaut@smith.edu
2 Dynamic Web Page Example IF Statements & Boolean Expression
3 An Application: Generating Dynamic Web Pages
4 Introduction to HTML (Hyper Text Markup Language)
5 HTML uses TAGS <title> CSC111 Web Page Example </title>
6 HTML uses TAGS <title> CSC111 Web Page Example </title>
7 HTML uses TAGS <title> CSC111 Web Page Example </title>
8 HTML uses TAGS <title> CSC111 Web Page Example </title> And if we want words to be in bold or italics, there are special tags for that too!
9 HTML uses TAGS <title> CSC111 Web Page Example </title> And if we want words to be in <strong>bold</strong> or <em>italics</em>, there are special tags for that too!
10 Go to
11 <html> <head> <title>csc111 Web Page Example</title> </head> <body> <h1>news of the Day</h1> Fall break was this past weekend, and was too short. </body> </html> A Web Page
12 <html> <head> <title>csc111 Web Page Example</title> </head> <body> <h1>news of the Day</h1> Fall break was this past weekend, and was too short. </body> </html> A Web Page
13 An Application <html> <head> <title> Democratic Polls </title> </head> <body> <h1>results</h1> <data /> </body> </html> dempolls.raw
14 An Application <html> <head> <title> Democratic Polls </title> </head> <body> <h1>results</h1> <data /> </body> </html> Biden 19.1 Chafee 0.6 Clinton 44.4 Lessig 0.0 O'Malley 1.0 Sanders 25.1 Webb 1.2 dempolls.data dempolls.raw
15 An Application <html> <head> <title> Democratic Polls </title> <body> <h1>results</h1> <data /> </body> </html> Biden 19.1 Chafee 0.6 Clinton 44.4 Lessig 0.0 O'Malley 1.0 Sanders 25.1 Webb 1.2 dempolls.data dempolls.raw
16 How to Write Programs in Top-Down Fashion 1. Start with the problem 2. Break problem down into a few simple parts 3. Call a function for each part 4. Take each part as a separate, new, smaller problem 5. Go back to Step 2 until the smaller problem can be solved by just a few Python statements.
17 Chapter 7 in Zelle
18 Bits, binary switch Relational Operators Boolean Operators Teller Machine Revisited Exercises
19 Bits & Boolean Values Bits: 0 and 1 Boolean values: True and False Boolean switches: Imagine a world where every decision has a binary outcome: Do you want to go out or do you want to stay in? If you go out, do you walk or do you take the car?
20 ?
21 ? True
22 ? False
23 ? True False
24 ? True False
25 if answer to question is True: True else: False
26 Boolean Expression if question: True else: False
27 Boolean Expression if question: else: True False George Boole (wikipedia.org)
28 Life Examples if today is school day: go to class else: go away for weekend if food at Duckett > food at your house: go eat at Duckett else: go eat at your house if fire alarm rings: evacuate building
29 Life Examples if driving parents' car: if low on fuel: if close to home: drive home and let parents will fill up car else: stop next gas station and buy minimum gas to get home
30 Python Example Amount to withdraw? 71 3 $20-bill(s) 1 $10-bill(s) 0 $5-bill(s) 1 $1-bill(s) Exercise: print s whenever necessary
31 Example amount = int( input( "Amount? " ) ) no20s = amount // 20 amount = amount % 20 no10s = amount // 10 amount = amount % 10 no5s = amount // 5 no1s = amount % 5 print( no20s, "$20-bill(s)" )
32 Example amount = int( input( "Amount? " ) ) no20s = amount // 20 amount = amount % 20 no10s = amount // 10 amount = amount % 10 no5s = amount // 5 no1s = amount % 5 if no20s == 1: print( no20s, "$20-bill" ) else: print( no20s, "$20-bills" )
33 Assume no20s contains 1 True if no20s == 1: print( no20s, "$20-bill" ) else: print( no20s, "$20-bills" )
34 Assume no20s contains 3 False if no20s == 1: print( no20s, "$20-bill" ) else: print( no20s, "$20-bills" )
35 Bits, binary switch Relational Operators Logical Operators Teller Machine Revisited Exercises
36 Relational Operators Operator Meaning == equal to!= not equal to < less than <= less than or equal to > greater than >= greater than or equal to
37 Examples if no20s == 1: print( no20s, "$20-bill" ) else: print( no20s, "$20-bills" ) amount = input( "Amount to withdraw? " ) if amount > 400: print( "You are limited to $400 a week." ) amount = 400 no20s, no10s, no5s, no1s = breakdown( amount )
38 Coding Exercise Recode the Teller-Machine program, so that the output correctly displays"bill" or "bills" a number of bills of 0 is not displayed only an amount less than $400 is allowed only amounts multiples of $5 are allowed.
39 Exercises (Group 1) def f0(): a = 3 b = 5 c = 10 f0() if a < b: print( "statement 1" ) else: print( "statement 2" ) print( "f0 done!" )
40 Exercises (Group 1) def f0(): a = 30 # <== changed! b = 5 c = 10 f0() if a < b: print( "statement 1" ) else: print( "statement 2" ) print( "f0 done!" )
41 Exercises (Group 1) def f0(): a = 30 # <== changed! b = 5 c = 10 if a < b: else: print( "f0 done!" )
42 Exercises (Group 1) def f0(): a = 3 # <== changed again! b = 5 c = 10 if a < b: if c == 10: print( "statement 1" ) else: print( "statement 2" ) else: print( "statement 3" ) print( "f0 done!" )
43 Exercises (Group 1) def f0(): a = 3 b = 1 # <== changed! c = 101 # <== changed! if a < b: if c == 10: print( "statement 1" ) else: print( "statement 2" ) else: print( "statement 3" ) print( "f0 done!" )
44 Exercises (Group 1) def f0(): a = 3 b = 1 # <== changed! c = 101 # <== changed! if a < b: if c == 10: print( "statement 1" ) else: print( "statement 2" ) else: print( "statement 3" ) print( "f0 done!" )
45 We stopped here last time
46 Bits, binary switch Relational Operators Boolean Operators Teller Machine Revisited Exercises
47 Boolean Operators And, Or, Not
48 True and False are Python values! Boolean Operators And, Or, Not
49 if expression1 and expression2: statement statement statement else: statement statement statement
50 True True if expression1 and expression2: statement statement statement else: statement statement statement
51 True True True if expression1 and expression2: statement statement statement else: statement statement statement
52 True True True if expression1 and expression2: statement statement statement else: statement statement statement
53 False False True if expression1 and expression2: statement statement statement else: statement statement statement
54 False False True if expression1 and expression2: statement statement statement else: statement statement statement
55 False True False if expression1 and expression2: statement statement statement else: statement statement statement
56 False False False if expression1 and expression2: statement statement statement else: statement statement statement
57 And if expression1 and expression2: statement statement True True statement else: statement True False statement False True statement False False
58 Or if expression1 or expression2: statement True False statement False True statement else: statement statement statement True False True False
59 Not if not expression: statement statement statement else: statement statement statement False True
60 Bits, binary switch Relational Operators Boolean Operators Teller Machine Revisited Exercises
61 Coding Exercise Recode the Teller-Machine program, with And, Or, and Not the output correctly displays"bill" or "bills" a number of bills of 0 is not displayed only an amount less than $400 is allowed only amounts multiples of $5 are allowed.
62 else is not always used if no20s == 1: print( no20s, "$20-bill" ) else: print( no20s, "$20-bills" )
63 else is not always used caption = "$20-bill" if no20s!= 1: caption = caption + "s" print( no20s, caption )
64 Computer Graphics is Covered in Chapter 4
65 Graphics Library Can be found here: index.php/zelle%27s_graphics.py_for_python_3 And in the Links and Resources section of the class Web page
66
67 Doing Graphics: 1. Open a graphic window 2. Draw on it 3. Close it 4. Terminate the program
68 from graphics import * def main(): win = GraphWin("CSC111", 600, 400) c = Circle(Point(50,50), 10) c.draw(win) main() win.getmouse() # Pause to view result win.close() # Close window when done
69 width height from graphics import * def main(): win = GraphWin("CSC111", 600, 400) c = Circle(Point(50,50), 10) c.draw(win) main() win.getmouse() # Pause to view result win.close() # Close window when done
70 Objects to Play With: Points Circles Rectangles Labels (text)
71 Points Used to anchor other objects (circles or rectangles) Defined by x and y coordinates # create a point at location (50, 50) p1 = Point(50,50) # create a point at location (50, 50) p2 = Point(150,50)
72 0, 0 width = , , 50 height = , 350
73 Circles Defined by a center and a radius The center is a Point # create a circle centered at (50, 50) # with radius 70 c1 = Circle( Point(50,50), 70 ) c1.draw( win )
74 Rectangles Defined by a top-left, and a bottom-right point # create a rectangle with top-left corner # at (5,5) and bottom-right at (50,50) r3 = Rectangle( Point(5,5), Point( 50, 50) ) r3.draw( win )
75 Labels Defined by an anchor Point, and A string that is displayed, centered on the anchor point. # Create a text label centered at (100,100) # and containing "Smith College" label3 = Text( Point(100,100), "Smith College" ) label3.draw( win )
76 Filling an Object with Color # create a rectangle with top-left corner # at (5,5) and bottom-right at (50,50) r3 = Rectangle( Point(5,5), Point( 50, 50) ) r3.setfill( "red" ) r3.draw( win )
77 Filling an Object with Color # create a rectangle with top-left corner # at (5,5) and bottom-right at (50,50) r3 = Rectangle( Point(5,5), Point( 50, 50) ) color = color_rgb( 200, 100, 150 ) r3.setfill( color ) r3.draw( win )
78 Lot's of Colors to Choose from
79 Demo Time
80 from graphics import * def main(): win = GraphWin( "Lab 7 Moving ball", 600, 400 ) # create and draw a red circle center = Point( 100, 100 ) circ = Circle( center, 30 ) circ.setfill( 'red' ) circ.draw( win ) # set initial direction of ball dx = 1.5 dy = 0.25 # move ball on screen while win.checkmouse() == None: circ.move( dx, dy ) #x = circ.getcenter().getx() #y = circ.getcenter().gety() win.close() # Close window when done main()
81 Understanding Motion circ Center at (3,2)
82 Understanding Motion Center at (3,2) circ deltax = 2.5 deltay = 1
83 Understanding Motion Center at (3,2) circ deltax = 2.5 deltay = 1 circ.move( deltax, deltay )
84 Understanding Motion deltax = 2.5 Center at (5.5, 3) deltay = 1 circ circ.move( deltax, deltay )
85 Understanding Motion deltax = 2.5 Center at (5.5, 3) deltay = 1 circ circ.move( deltax, deltay ) circ.move( deltax, deltay )
86 Understanding Motion deltax = 2.5 Center at (8, 4) deltay = 1 circ.move( deltax, deltay ) circ.move( deltax, deltay ) circ
87 Concepts of Graphics & Animation
88 Every element is an OBJECT Examples Organization of a graphic program Something completely different
89 Every Graphic Element is an Object
90 p = Point( 50, 150 ) Point x, y getx() p
91 p = Point( 50, 150 ) Point p.getx() x, y getx() 50 p
92 Circle center radius Circle Object
93 Circle center radius x, y getcenter() Circle Object
94 Circle center radius getcenter() x, y getx() Point Object Circle Object
95 Circle center radius getcenter() x, y getx() Point Object 50 number Circle Object
96 Circle center radius getcenter() x, y getx() Point Object 50 number Circle Object
97 Rectangle P1 P2 getp1() getp2() Rectangle Object
98 Rectangle P1 P2 x, y getp1() Point Object getp2() Rectangle Object
99 Rectangle P1 P2 getp1() x, y getx() Point Object getp2() Rectangle Object
100 Rectangle P1 P2 getp1() getp2() x, y getx() Point Object 50 number Rectangle Object
101 Text (label) anchor text getanchor() gettext() Text Object
102 Text (label) anchor text getanchor() gettext() Text Object
103 Text (label) anchor text getanchor() gettext() x, y getx() Point Object Text Object
104 Text (label) anchor text getanchor() gettext() x, y getx() Point Object Text Object
105 Text (label) anchor text getanchor() gettext() x, y getx() Point Object 245 number Text Object
106 Where is all this Defined?
107 Every element is an OBJECT Examples Organization of a graphic program Something completely different
108 Examples
109 p = Point( 50, 150 ) Point p.getx() x, y getx() 50 point1 point1 = Point( 50, 150 ) x = point1.getx() y = point1.gety() if x <= 0 or y <= 0: # the point is outside the window
110 center radius getcenter() x, y getx() Point Object Circle 50 number Circle Object point1 = Point( 50, 150 ) circ1 = Circle( point1, 30 ) center1 = circ1.getcenter() x = center1.getx() y = center1.gety() if x <= 0 or y <= 0: # the center is outside the window
111 center radius getcenter() x, y getx() center1 Circle 50 number circ1 Same computation point1 = Point( 50, 150 ) circ1 = Circle( point1, 30 ) center1 = circ1.getcenter() x = center1.getx() y = center1.gety() if x <= 0 or y <= 0: # the center is outside the window x = circ1.getcenter().getx() y = circ1.getcenter().gety() if x <= 0 or y <= 0: #
112 P1 P2 getp1() x, y getx() Point Object Rectangle 50 number getp2() r = Rectangle( Point( 50, 150 ), Point( 150, 150 ) ) r.move( dx, dy ) Rectangle Object x1 = r.getp1().getx() y1 = r.getp1().gety() x2 = r.getp2().getx() y2 = r.getp2().gety() mousep = win.checkmouse() if mousep!= None: x = mousep.getx() y = mousep.gety() if x1 <= x <= x2 and
113 Every element is an OBJECT Examples Organization of a graphic program Something completely different
114 Organization of a Graphic Program
115 # open the graphic window Skeleton Program # define and initialize the graphic objects # start animation loop. Stop on specific user interaction while win.checkmouse() == None: # move/update each object according to its speed # and direction # Loop is over. # close the graphic window
116 # open the graphic window win = GraphWin( "Demo", 600, 400 ) Skeleton Program # define and initialize the graphic objects # start animation loop. Stop on specific user interaction # move/update each object according to its speed # and direction # Loop is over. # close the graphic window
117 # open the graphic window win = GraphWin( "Demo", 600, 400 ) Skeleton Program # define and initialize the graphic objects circ = Circle( Point( 100, 100 ), 30 ) circ.setfill( 'red' ) circ.draw( win ) dx, dy = 3, 2 # start animation loop. Stop on specific user interaction # move/update each object according to its speed # and direction # Loop is over. # close the graphic window
118 # open the graphic window win = GraphWin( "Demo", 600, 400 ) Skeleton Program # define and initialize the graphic objects circ = Circle( Point( 100, 100 ), 30 ) circ.setfill( 'red' ) circ.draw( win ) dx, dy = 3, 2 # start animation loop. Stop on specific user interaction while win.checkmouse() == None: # move/update each object according to its speed # and direction # Loop is over. # close the graphic window
119 # open the graphic window win = GraphWin( "Demo", 600, 400 ) Skeleton Program # define and initialize the graphic objects circ = Circle( Point( 100, 100 ), 30 ) circ.setfill( 'red' ) circ.draw( win ) dx, dy = 3, 2 # start animation loop. Stop on specific user interaction while win.checkmouse() == None: # move/update each object according to its speed # and direction circ.move( dx, dy ) # Loop is over. # close the graphic window
120 # open the graphic window win = GraphWin( "Demo", 600, 400 ) Skeleton Program # define and initialize the graphic objects circ = Circle( Point( 100, 100 ), 30 ) circ.setfill( 'red' ) circ.draw( win ) dx, dy = 3, 2 # start animation loop. Stop on specific user interaction while win.checkmouse() == None: # move/update each object according to its speed # and direction circ.move( dx, dy ) # Loop is over. # close the graphic window
121 # open the graphic window win = GraphWin( "Demo", 600, 400 ) Skeleton Program # define and initialize the graphic objects circ = Circle( Point( 100, 100 ), 30 ) circ.setfill( 'red' ) circ.draw( win ) dx, dy = 3, 2 # start animation loop. Stop on specific user interaction while win.checkmouse() == None: # move/update each object according to its speed # and direction circ.move( dx, dy ) # Loop is over. # close the graphic window
122 # open the graphic window win = GraphWin( "Demo", 600, 400 ) Skeleton Program # define and initialize the graphic objects circ = Circle( Point( 100, 100 ), 30 ) circ.setfill( 'red' ) circ.draw( win ) dx, dy = 3, 2 # start animation loop. Stop on specific user interaction while win.checkmouse() == None: # move/update each object according to its speed # and direction circ.move( dx, dy ) # Loop is over. # close the graphic window
123 # open the graphic window win = GraphWin( "Demo", 600, 400 ) Skeleton Program # define and initialize the graphic objects circ = Circle( Point( 100, 100 ), 30 ) circ.setfill( 'red' ) circ.draw( win ) dx, dy = 3, 2 # start animation loop. Stop on specific user interaction while win.checkmouse() == None: # move/update each object according to its speed # and direction circ.move( dx, dy ) # Loop is over. # close the graphic window
124 # open the graphic window win = GraphWin( "Demo", 600, 400 ) Skeleton Program # define and initialize the graphic objects circ = Circle( Point( 100, 100 ), 30 ) circ.setfill( 'red' ) circ.draw( win ) dx, dy = 3, 2 # start animation loop. Stop on specific user interaction while win.checkmouse() == None: # move/update each object according to its speed # and direction circ.move( dx, dy ) # Loop is over. # close the graphic window win.close()
125 # open the graphic window win = GraphWin( "Demo", 600, 400 ) Skeleton Program # define and initialize the graphic objects circ = Circle( Point( 100, 100 ), 30 ) circ.setfill( 'red' ) circ.draw( win ) dx, dy = 3, 2 # start animation loop. Stop on specific user interaction while win.checkmouse() == None: # move/update each object according to its speed # and direction circ.move( dx, dy ) # Loop is over. # close the graphic window win.close()...
126 Measuring Distances
127 y1 x1
128 y1 x1 y2 x2
129 y1 x1 d y2 x2
130 y1 x1 d y2 x2
131 b d a
132 b d a d 2 = a 2 + b 2
133 y1 x1 b d y2 a x2
134 a y1 b x1 d y2 x2
135 a y1 b x1 d y2 x2 d = sqrt( (y2-y1)*(y2-y1) + (x2-x1)*(x2-x1) )
136 y1 x1 d y2 x2 from math import * def distance( x1, y1, x2, y2 ): return sqrt( (x1-x2)*(x1-x2) + (y1-y2)*(y1-y2) )
137 5 Testing 3 4
138 3 5 Testing 4
139 Every element is an OBJECT Examples Organization of a graphic program Something fun
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