WAN-compatible 10 Gigabit Ethernet Tutorial. Opticon Burlingame, CA July 31, 2000
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1 WAN-compatible 10 Gigabit Ethernet Tutorial Opticon 2000 Burlingame, CA July 31, 2000
2 Carrier and Service Provider Applications Location A 10GbE Metro Metropolitan Optical Networks Dark Fiber Interconnect DWDM Connectivity Ethernet Aggregation Point of Presence (PoP)/ Central Office (CO) 10GbE Location C Metro Networks 10GbE Core DWDM Optical Network Location B 10GbE National Backbone 1
3 IEEE P802.3ae 10Gb/s Ethernet Task Force WORK IN PROGRE! Web site: /802/3/ae/public/index.html 2
4 IEEE P802.3ae Objectives Support a speed of Gb/ s at the MAC/PLS service interface Define two families of PHYs: A LAN PHY, operating at a data rate of Gb/ s A WAN PHY, operating at a data rate compatible with the payload rate of OC-192c/ SDH VC-4-64c Solution: UniPHY with LAN and WAN support Define a mechanism to adapt the MAC/PLS data rate to the data rate of the WAN PHY Solution: Open Loop technique 3
5 10 Gigabit Ethernet Alliance ( Promote broad market acceptance (LAN/MAN/WAN) of 10 Gigabit Ethernet and its real-world applications Facilitate IEEE 802.3ae standards progress via technical contributions based on real-world 10GE applications Advocate 10 GE product interoperability testing amongst computing and telecommunications industry members 4
6 OSI Reference Model Layers Data Link CSMA/CD Layers Higher Layers Logical Link Control MAC Ethernet Line Termination Equipment (ELTE) Ethernet Line Termination Equipment (non-muxed) Physical RS Layer 1 Relay PCS SONET WIS WIS SONET Framer Regenerator PMA PMA PMD PMD SONET E/O 3R SONET WAN Segment λα WAN Link Segment λb OC192 5
7 UniPHY Components 64b/66b WIS Ser/Des Serial PMD WWDM PMD 6
8 PHY Layer Model Upper Layers MAC Control (Optional) Media Access Control (MAC) Reconciliation Physical Coding Sublayer (PCS) WAN Interface Sublayer(WIS) 16-bit parallel Physical Medium Attachment (PMA) Physical Medium Dependent (PMD) MEDIUM = Sublayer or 64b/66b Coding (Packet Delineation) SONET Framing & x 7 +x 6 +1 Scrambler (WAN Compatibility) ( Gbaud) or 16-bit parallel (OIF) SerDes & CDR E/O 7
9 Upper Layers MAC Control (Optional) Media Access Control (MAC) Reconciliation Physical Coding Sublayer (PCS) WAN Interface Sublayer (WIS) 16-bit parallel Physical Medium Attachment (PMA) Physical Medium Dependent (PMD) MEDIUM PMD PMD or 64b/66b Coding (Packet Delineation) SONET Framing & x 7 +x 6 +1 Scrambler (WAN Compatibility) ( Gbaud) or 16-bit parallel (OIF) SerDes & CDR E/O 8
10 Main PMD Proposals 850 nm Serial HBW (high bandwidth) MMF, 300 m objective 1310 nm 4-lambda WDM installed MMF, 100/300 m objectives -- SMF, 2/10 km objectives 1310 nm serial SMF, 2/10 km objectives 1550 nm serial SMF, 40 km objective 9
11 16-bit parallel Upper Layers MAC Control (Optional) Media Access Control (MAC) Reconciliation Physical Coding Sublayer (PCS) WAN Interface Sublayer (WIS) Physical Medium Attachment (PMA) Physical Medium Dependent (PMD) MEDIUM PMD Interfaces or (bypass PCS and WIS) or 64b/66b Coding (Packet Delineation) SONET Framing & x 7 +x 6 +1 Scrambler (WAN Compatibility) ( Gbaud) or 16-bit parallel (OIF) SerDes & CDR E/O 10
12 16-Bit Parallel (OIF) PMD Interface PCS TRANSMIT FUNCTION WIS RECEIVE FUNCTION MHz 16-bit word 16-bit word MHz tx_bit_clk tx_bit<15:0> 16-bit parallel I/F rx_bit<15:0> rx_bit_clk PMA PMD Transmit MDI Receive 11
13 (WAN PHY WWDM PMD Interface) PCS TRANSMIT FUNCTION WIS RECEIVE FUNCTION 16-bit word striped data 16-bit word striped data serial up to ~ Gbaud Gbaud ( = Sublayer) PMA PMD Transmit MDI Receive 12
14 WIS x 7 +x 6 +1 Scrambler 16-bit parallel Upper Layers MAC Control (Optional) Media Access Control (MAC) Reconciliation Physical Coding Sublayer (PCS) WAN Interface Sublayer (WIS) Physical Medium Attachment (PMA) Physical Medium Dependent (PMD) MEDIUM WIS or 64b/66b Coding (Packet Delineation) SONET Framing & x 7 +x 6 +1 Scrambler (WAN Compatibility) ( Gbaud) or 16-bit parallel (OIF) SerDes & CDR E/O 13
15 State is Periodically Resynchronized Provides high randomization Assures adequate number of transitions for line rate clock recovery at the receiver Reset x 7 +x 6 +1 scrambler state every octets time First row of Section OH Scrambled Not scrambled 576B B WIS (SONET) frame 14
16 WIS Layer SONET Framing Upper Layers MAC Control (Optional) Media Access Control (MAC) Reconciliation Physical Coding Sublayer (PCS) WAN Interface Sublayer (WIS) 16-bit parallel Physical Medium Attachment (PMA) Physical Medium Dependent (PMD) MEDIUM WIS or 64b/66b Coding (Packet Delineation) SONET Framing & x 7 +x 6 +1 Scrambler (WAN Compatibility) ( Gbaud) or 16-bit parallel (OIF) SerDes & CDR E/O 15
17 Payload Capacity ( Gb/s) 576 octets WIS Frame = STS-192c Frame octets 9 rows Section Transport Overhead Line (STS-192c) Envelope Capacity (STS-192c) SPE IDLE packet IDLE Path Overhead column Fixed Stuff Payload Capacity 9 rows IDLE packet PCS data stream octets IDLE STS-192c = Synchronous Transport Signal level 192, c = concatenated SPE = Synchronous Payload Envelope 16
18 Transmit WIS Frame control Flow Control WIS Reference Diagram B1 (BIP-8) 1 tx_bit_clk From PCS Path Overhead Fixed stuff for next SPE B3 (BIP-8) Line Overhead Section Overhead Inhibit scrambling first row of Section OH for next frame data SPE x 7 +x 6 +1 scrambler 16-bit word assembly tx_bit<15:0> Information required to calculate G Mbaud PMA/PMD - x 7 +x 6 +1 Descrambler WIS frame Synchronization 1 rx_bit<15:0> To PCS Conceptual Interface data control Serializer Flow Control Section Overhead Line Overhead Path Overhead Fixed stuff Columns inhibit descrambling of first row of Section Overhead Look for A1/A2 transition 1 rx_bit_clk 17 Receive WIS Frame
19 Packet Delineation Upper Layers MAC Control (Optional) Media Access Control (MAC) Reconciliation Physical Coding Sublayer (PCS) WAN Interface Sublayer (WIS) 16-bit parallel Physical Medium Attachment (PMA) Physical Medium Dependent (PMD) MEDIUM PCS or 64b/66b Coding (Packet Delineation) SONET Framing & x 7 +x 6 +1 Scrambler (WAN Compatibility) ( Gbaud) or 16-bit parallel (OIF) SerDes & CDR E/O 18
20 64b/66b: Building Frames from RS Symbols RS = Reconciliation Sublayer From RS Reference: 19
21 64b/66b Code Overview Data Codewords have 01 sync preamble bit data field (scrambled) Mixed Data/Control frames are identified with a 10 sync preamble bit type 56-bit data/control field (scrambled) Both the 8-bit type and 56-bit data/control fields are scrambled 20
22 PHY Interfaces Upper Layers MAC Control (Optional) Media Access Control (MAC) Reconciliation Physical Coding Sublayer (PCS) WAN Interface Sublayer (WIS) 16-bit parallel Physical Medium Attachment (PMA) Physical Medium Dependent (PMD) MEDIUM / or 64b/66b Coding (Packet Delineation) SONET Framing & x 7 +x 6 +1 Scrambler (WAN Compatibility) ( Gbaud) or 16-bit parallel (OIF) SerDes & CDR E/O 21
23 Short reach I/F: is ~3 (~7 cm) Reconciliation sublayer 36 1 Signals TXD (32 data bits, 4 control bits) TXC (transmit clock) PHY 36 1 RXD (32 data bits, 4 control bits) RXC (receive clock) Station Management = 10 Gigabit Media Independent Interface 1 1 MDC MDIO (serial 2 wire interface) 22
24 = 10 Gigabit extended Attachment Unit Interface = extender Sublayer Increased reach is ~3 (~7 cm) is ~20 (~50 cm) Lower connection count is 74 wires (2 sets of 32 data, 4 control & 1 clock) is 16 wires (2 sets of 4 differential pairs) Gbaud, 8B/10B encoded over 20 FR-4 PCB traces CDR-based, 4 lane serial, self-timed interface May be implemented in CMOS, BiCMOS, SiGe Direct mapping of RS/ data to/from PCS 23
25 Functions 8B/10B transmission code Column striping across 4 independent serial lanes Identified as lane 0, lane 1, lane 2, lane 3 Perform lane and interface (link) synchronization Perform lane-to-lane deskew Provide packet delimiters Perform error control to prevent error propagation 24
26 Rate Adaptation Upper Layers MAC Control (Optional) Media Access Control (MAC) Reconciliation Rate Adaptation: Open loop Physical Coding Sublayer (PCS) WAN Interface Sublayer (WIS) 16-bit parallel Physical Medium Attachment (PMA) Physical Medium Dependent (PMD) MEDIUM 25
27 Open Loop Required for the WAN mode of UniPHY only Reduces MAC data rate (from Gb/s) to Gb/s MAC stretches IPG in proportion to the length of the packet preceding the IPG MAC knows the desired data rate and stretches the IPG appropriately 26
28 PMD interfaces Summary and 16-bit Parallel (and ) WIS (WAN Interface Sublayer) PCS SONET frame and overheads WIS framing function x7+ x6 +1 frame-synchronous scrambler 64b/66b (Packet Delineation) PHY Interfaces and WAN rate adaptation Open Loop 16-bit parallel Upper Layers MAC Control (Optional) Media Access Control (MAC) Reconciliation Physical Coding Sublayer (PCS) WAN Interface Sublayer(WIS) Physical Medium Attachment (PMA) Physical Medium Dependent (PMD) MEDIUM 27
29 Ethernet the World Location A Carrier CO SP PoP 10GbE Carrier CO SP PoP 10GbE 10GbE 10GbE MAN Optical Transport MAN 10GbE 10GbE Core DWDM Optical Network Optical Transport Location B 10GbE Optical Transport 10GbE Campus LAN 28
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