Mobile and Wireless Technologies for Healthcare. Contents. What is telemedicine? Body Area Network (BAN) Wired or Not

Transcription

1 Mobile and Wireless Technologies for Healthcare Mohsen Guizani Western Michigan University Wired or Not Depends on where, why, what and how we will measure. * Emergency * Anesthesia * Intensive care (IC) * Ward * Doctor s office * Patients home * On street! * Everywhere!! Contents Wireless Telemedicine, its components, and Body Area Networks (BANs) E-health-care Systems Framework Middleware Approach to Ubiquitous Health-care Systems Emerging Health-care Technologies & Applications (3 systems). What is telemedicine? Medicine at a distance Medicine as we know it from practice, education, etc., using informationcommunication technology in all forms Body Area Network (BAN) Broad range of possible devices Broad range of media types Connect everything you carry on you and with you Offer Connected User experience Matches low power environment Challenge: scalability, data rate, power Wireless Sensor and Body- Area Networks Wireless Sensor and Body-Area Networks Consist of a (potentially) large number of devices with sensor or actuator functionality. Broad range of applications and services Broad range of bandwidth requirements and network topologies May interact with other networks in close proximity ( instant partner communication ) Devices may be always-on or low duty cycle Devices may be context aware Wireless Sensor and Body- Area Networks WG5 scope: short-range radio communication systems The Immediate Environment: elements and devices surrounding us, the nearest objects, including those that might be part of our body Personal and Area Networks Local Area Networks Sensor and Body-Area Networks Workshop 1 / 7

2 Body Area Networks Target Position Components of Telemedicine Average power consumption, sustained data rate 1 Gbit/s Wireless USB 100 Mbit/s 10 Mbit/s IEEE a/b/g 1 Mbit/s A dy Bo 100 kbit/s an re k or etw Bluetooth ZigBee 10 kbit/s 1 kbit/s 2 mw 5 mw 10 mw 20 mw 50 mw 100 mw 200 mw 500 mw 1000 mw Non-invasive WBANs Invasive WBANs Monitoring and sensing signals from the human body for medical applications Distributed communications over the human body Invasive or In-Body Area Networks wirelessly connect implanted medical devices operating in the MICS bands ( MHz) and on-body sensors operating in ISM bands or using UWB with monitoring equipment to provide patient health data in realtime. Miniature Pill camera takes hundred of thousands of images during typical eight-hours test. Images and medical data are transmitted to a reader machine: Workstation allows to view, edit, archive and the live video, images and data. Physician can observe and detect exact location of suspected in-body disorder Patient data can be sent through the network to establish a diagnosis and trigger the required actions via actuators. An invasive WBAN Body Area Networks Usage Scenarios Body Sensor Network Medical application Vital patient data Wireless sensors Link with bedside monitor Up to sensors Five similar networks in range Minimum setup interaction Potentially wide application Total traffic/patient < 10 kbps Body senor network Fitness monitoring Wearable audio Mobile device centric Video stream Remote control & I/O devices Fitness Monitoring Central device is MP3 player Wireless headset included Expand functionality Speed, distance Heart rate, respiration monitor Temperature sensor Pacing information Location information Wristwatch display unit, etc. Total system load < 500 kbps Synchronization may go faster Workshop 2/7

3 Wearable Audio Mobile Device Centric Central device is headset Stereo audio, microphone Connected devices Cellular phone MP3 player, PDA CD audio player AP at home Handsfree car Remote control, Others Requires priority mechanism Network load < 500 kbps Mobile terminal is central point Covers broad set of data Sensors vital, other Headset Peripheral devices Handsfree / car Provide gateway to outside Offload sensor data, other Requires priority mechanism Network load < 500 kbps Personal Video Real-Time Telemedicine Central device is video camera Camera sensor, recording, display Stream video content SDTV, HDTV Connect other devices Personal storage device Playback device w/ large display Remote beam finder Location information (meta data) Mobile communications device (MMS) Home media server (sync) Total traffic load: Mbps Requirements Good audio+video-conferencing capabilities Real-time medical data transmission + feedback The Remote Ultrasound Challenge Challenge #1: Data size Data compression/transmission Challenge #2: Real-time feedback on image quality Challenge #3: Remote 3D reconstruction Need to ensure 2D images are good quality Use of Radio Frequency IDs (RFIDs) Penetration of Sensors into Wireless Telemedicine Assistance for the disabled Hospital management Implants Smart Implants Medical Monitoring Telemedicine can use a number of technologies! E-health-care Systems Framework RFID (Active and passive) Short range, reader/tags for identification and tracking The most common frequencies are 124 khz, 1356 MHz, MHz and 245 GHz Zigbee (Sensor networks) Up to 100 m range, up to 250 kb/s, 2.4 GHz Bluetooth Up to 100 m range, up to 760 kb/s, 2.4 GHz WLAN/Wi-Fi Up to 100 m range, up to 54 MB/s, 2.4 GHz, 5.2 GHz UWB (Ultra-wideband) Up to 10 m range, up to 1 GB/s, GHz Bluetooth 3.0 will use UWB radio WMTS: Wireless Medical Telemetry Services Up to kilometers, 608 to 614 MHz, 1395 to 1400 MHz, 1429 to 1432 MHz Workshop 3 / 7

4 Available Technologies With many ways of communicating and many user interfaces. WIREH: A Wireless Solution Framework in Healthcare Requirements of E-healthcare Framework Global wireless healthcare roadmap Modus-Operandi ehealth-care Server NGOs, Government, Other Health Initiatives, Donors, Corporates Generic Architecture Data Display Data Retrieval Data Storage WEB Wired Access ApplicationServer 10g With wireless component PHC Hospital Wireless Access Workshop 4 / 7 Oracle 10g

5 Supporting New Healthcare Applications and Processes Business Process Overview Remote Monitoring delivers New Applications Nutritionist Patient Delivery Man defines Diet Type For Patient Application Programming Interface 4 Selects one set from Feeds Back Informations About patient Sets Of menus Single Source of Truth Social Services Existing Applications Integrating Information Protecting Patient Privacy HL7 version 2.X Delaminated File HL7 Version 3 Interface Engine Security Service Auditing Service XML Person Services Message Services Flat File Single Source of Truth Bespoke Standard Single Record Patient: HL7 Version 3.0 A glance at the Benefits of using Oracle Fusion Middleware for Ehealthcare Oracle Fusion Middleware Integrate Orchestrate Develop Analyze Access Deploy Optimize Manage Secure AGAPE Emerging Health-care Technologies & Applications Context awareness for anytime and anywhere assistance manage ad hoc assistance groups Emergency assistance Ad hoc Network Ubiquitous A B Context awareness is crucial in group management supports Context awareness can also help reduce bystander apathy Workshop 5/7

6 Experimental Setup Motivation & Problem Experimental Setup Pc Expo injapan ANGELAH (AssistiNG ELders At Home) Deployment setting Deployment setting Mobile Ad hoc Network(MANET) scenario - IEEE b(wireless cards) - static IP - AODV(Ad hoc On Demanding Distance Vector) routing protocol Xybernauts MA-V wearable device -Elderly users and physicians Anytime and anywhere outdoor assistance requires formation of first response groups wherever emergency events occur Not only medical personnel, but also friends, neighbors, and passer-by can contribute the interactions among first responders needed to make rapid decisions in unexpected situations to coordinate assistance tasks depending on user skills, location, and device characteristics ECG Pocket View Holter - monitors arrhythmia disorders through skin-contact electrodes Home networks Set-top box is nowadays a web server at home Connect all devices to set-top box include the door lock system Your PDA has your profile except password When your PDA is connected to the home server devices know your profile and customize services Any server Institute Renata Home server Hand held device ANGELAH Objectives of ANGELAH Reliability concerned with network bandwidth and connectivity should be considered significantly in emergency assistant system. Context aware middleware is essential application not only in healthcare, but also in all other ubiquitous environments like home networks. Î The ANGELAH framework is envisioned to support elders at home. ANGELAH presents a middleware-level solution integrating both elder monitoring and emergency detection solutions and networking solutions. ANGELAH has two main features: ANGELAH Framework SE3.1 LR1 Room11 SE1.3 SE1.1Room AE1 SE2.1 Home Network LR3 LR2 Brief Functionality of ANGELAH Room Room33 SE3.3 AE3 SE1.2 Enables efficient integration between a variety of sensor entities (SEs) and actuators deployed at home for emergency detection Provides a solid framework for creating and managing rescue teams composed of individuals willing to promptly assist elders in case of emergency situations. A prototype of ANGE- A prototype of ANGELAH has already been designed and implemented for helping indoor elders with vision impairments. Elder SE3.2 Local Responders Bluetooth, WIFI SE1 TIFF (LZW) are needed to see this picture. QuickTime and a TIFF (LZW) are needed QuickTime to see this picture. and a TIFF (LZW) are needed QuickTime to see this picture. and a SE2.2 Room Room22 SE2.3 Emergency Notification AE2 Emergency Information Volunteer Availability Home Manager (HM) Responders Selection LR4 Locality 1 Locality Manager (LM) Surveillance Center (SC) Collaboration Management Support Workshop Choice of interaction mode 6/7 Exempted Volunteer

7 Various Players in ANGELAH An Example of Computer Vision based Emergency Detection (integrated with ANGELAH) Uses MADM Algorithm PEACH (Pervasive Environment for AffeCtive Healthcare) PEACH integrates affective/emotional computing with ubiquitous networking to provide a unique middleware-level healthcare solution. Integrates sensors in the human s Body Area Network (BAN) to monitor individuals emotional states and detect emergency situations. Formulates emergency ad hoc rescue teams to assist the victims. Envisaged for drug abuses/overuses scenarios. PEACH Framework TelemedicineCost Reduction & Reaching more people And... Conclusion Wireless Telemedicine, its components, and Body Area Networks (BANs) E-health-care Systems Framework Middleware Approach to Ubiquitous Healthcare Systems Emerging Health-care Technologies & Applications (3 systems) Future of Telemedicine Challenges in Telemedicine Workshop 7 / 7