Introduction to IT Networking. Class Logistics. Learning Objectives. APPA-Institute for Facilities Management. J. Craig Klimczak, D.V.M., M.S.

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1 Introduction to IT Networking APPA-Institute for Facilities Management J. Craig Klimczak, D.V.M., M.S. Chief Information Officer Community College of Baltimore County 800 S Rolling Road Baltimore, MD cklimczak@ccbcmd.edu Class Logistics Be sure to sign the sign-in sheet being passed around the room. Make yourself comfortable. If you need to leave for a short break quietly exit and return. APPA Institute is more than learning technical information about college and university facilities. It is also about building relationships and networks beyond your current organization. APPA wants to make this experience valuable to each and every one of you. We do this by gathering your feedback. Remember to fill out your course feedback forms. Learning Objectives Be able to list the uses of IT networks found in today s higher education institutions. Be able to identify and label the fundamental components of an IT network. Be able to differentiate between the low, middle and high level layers of the OSI network model and describe the basic protocols commonly used at each level. Be able to discuss and contrast the essential midlevel network protocols used by IT networks. 1

2 Exercise One While this class is about IT networking, there is another layer of networking that is a vital part of your experience here at the APPA Institute. APPA would like for you to have an opportunity to build an interpersonal network of peers and colleagues that you can draw upon throughout your career in facilities management. There is no better way to promote this than by creating opportunities for group interaction. We are going to start this class with a group exercise that you will conduct at your tables. Group Exercise Assignments At each table assign someone to each of the following roles: Facilitator, Writer, Timekeeper, and Relayer. Facilitator generate and focus the discussion Writer document the discussion Timekeeper allow 5 minutes per topic Relayer - share your group s information with all of us What is a network? Share a personal experience about how have you used a network in your job? Talk about a network that you have used describing the characteristics and uses of the network. Share a personal experience about how the use of the network has either improved your job or has made it more difficult. What advantages and disadvantages have you found with working with networks? How are network used in facilities management? 2

3 Report Out Pick only one example of a network that you discussed at your table that has not been shared previously to share with the larger group. List the examples on a flip chart. Select individuals familiar with each network to review the uses, advantages, disadvantages, efficiency gains and process improvements. OSI Network Layer Model Open Systems Interconnection Application Layer Presentation Layer Session Layer Transport Layer Network Layer Data Link Layer Physical Layer Choices To switch or not to switch that is the question. The first networks required a circuit: Telegraph and Telephone. Circuits were switched using a switchboard. 3

4 Addresses Telephone IP Addresses Telephone Switchboard Mechanical Switch 4

5 Better Idea Rather than switch the circuits, switch the data traveling along the circuits. Leonard Kleinrock at MIT published the first paper on packet switching theory in July 1961 and the first book on the subject in Packet Demonstration We are going to set up a network in the classroom that mimics how the Internet works. Assign Roles Sender/Receiver Router Network Link Network Server Rules 1. Sender and Receiver can only place or take a message from a link. 2. Link can only pass a message from one end to the other. 3. Router can place or take messages from links; can pass a message from one link to another; can choose which links to transfer messages to and from. 5

6 Data Packet Network Example Common Protocols DNS Dynamic Naming System DHCP Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol BGP Border Gateway Protocol HTTP Hypertext Transfer Protocol URL Universal Resource Locator NAT Network Address Translator 6

7 DNS Dynamic Naming System But what if you don't know the IP address of the computer you want to connect to? What if the you need to access a web server referred to as How does your web browser know where on the Internet this computer lives? DHCP Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol (DHCP) is a client/server protocol that automatically provides an Internet Protocol (IP) host with its IP address and other related configuration information such as the subnet mask and default gateway. DHCP allows hosts to obtain required TCP/IP configuration information from a DHCP server. BGP Border Gateway Protocol Border Gateway Protocol (BGP) is a standardized exterior gateway protocol designed to exchange routing and reachability information among autonomous systems (AS) on the Internet. [1] 7

8 HTTP Hypertext Transfer Protocol The Hypertext Transfer Protocol (HTTP) is an application protocol for distributed, collaborative, hypermedia information systems. [1] HTTP is the foundation of data communication for the World Wide Web. URL Uniform Resource Locator A Uniform Resource Locator (URL), commonly informally termed a web address scheme:[//[user:password@]host[:port]][/]path[?query][#fragment] NAT Network Address Translator Network Address Translation (NAT) is a way to map an entire network (or networks) to a single IP address. NAT is necessary when the number of IP addresses assigned to you by your Internet Service Provider is less than the total number of computers that you wish to provide Internet access for. 8

9 Closing Remarks Networks can be complex to understand, we can simplify them by breaking them down into layers Voice, video, and data are all now represented as bits on converged single infrastructure networks New technologies are entering the facilities workspace everyday Technologies are enabling institutions to manage resources and cut costs Introduction to IT Networking APPA-Institute for Facilities Management J. Craig Klimczak, D.V.M., M.S. Chief Information Officer Community College of Baltimore County 800 S Rolling Road Baltimore, MD cklimczak@ccbcmd.edu 9