Configuration and Management of Networks. Pedro Amaral
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1 Configuration and Management of Networks Pedro Amaral 2012
2 Service Provider Networks Carrier grade networks that carry customers traffic: Triple play residential customers Voice High Speed Internet Broadcast TV and Video on Demand Mobile Backhaul Interconnection of the RAN (Radio Access Network) Enterprise Services Enterprise inter- branch WAN connections Data center networks (Cloud) interconnection
3 Configuration and Management of Networks Service Provider Networks
4 Service Provider Networks Access: Provides access to residential and business customers over DSL, fiber, cable, or wireless. Carrier Ethernet aggregation: Aggregates the access network across a Carrier Ethernet network and provides interconnectivity to the IP/MPLS edge and IP/MPLS core. Intelligent service edge: Interfaces services with the IP/MPLS core; this is the provider edge for both residential and business subscriber services. IP/MPLS core: Provides scalable IP/MPLS routing in the core network. Policy/service layer: Provides broadband policy management to control service delivery a key component of the Service Exchange Framework.
5 Service Provider Networks Carrier Ethernet Aggregation - Multiple Layer 2/Layer 3 technologies for Ethernet transport. Layer 3 routing with PIM- SSM Layer 3 MPLS VPN and multicast VPN (RFC 2547bis) H- VPLS EoMPLS (Pseudowires) IEEE 802.1q (VLANS), 802.1ad(QinQ), 802.1ah (PBB) Applications have different requirements that can not be addressed by a single, universal approach to network design
6 Service Provider Networks Protocols by service Service Residential High-Speed Internet Residential VoIP Recommended Transport Protocols EoMPLS or IEEE 802.1ad EoMPLS or Layer 3 IP Routing over MPLS FRR Transport Function Backhaul Internet traffic from the access network to the Broadband Remote Access Router for AAA and service control. Provide QoS, tiered, quota-based, and usagebased Internet access. Connect signaling traffic to softswitch and RTP traffic to Internet or core IP network. Provide QoS. Residential IPTV Layer 3 PIM SSM over MPLS FRR Broadcast TV service with massive scalability, fast recovery from failures, and excellent QoE. Residential Video on Demand Business Ethernet Private Line (EPL) Business Ethernet Virtual Private Line (EVPL) Layer 3 IP Routing over MPLS FRR EoMPLS or IEEE 802.1ad EoMPLS or IEEE 802.1ad Video-on-demand service with massive scalability, fast recovery from failures, and excellent QoE. Transport of Ethernet circuit at full data rate with no statistical multiplexing. This requires QoS. Transport of Ethernet Virtual Connection with CIR/EIR and statistical multiplexing gain. Business MPLS VPN MPLS or IEEE 802.1ad Transport of subscriber Ethernet Virtual Connection to MSE router that is the provider edge of the MPLS VPN service. CIR/EIR guarantees bandwidth. Business E-LAN H-VPLS or IEEE 802.1ad Multipoint virtual LAN service for business customers. CIR/EIR guarantees bandwidth. Mobile Backhaul EoMPLS or IEEE 802.1ad Pseudowire backhaul for 3G, WiMAX, and Wi-Fi networks.
7 Service Provider Networks Carrier Ethernet Networks Ethernet Service Definition according to the Metro Ethernet Forum: User- to- Network Interface (UNI) Point of demarcation to the customer. Ethernet Virtual Connection (EVC) Association of two or more UNIs Two main service types : Ethernet Line Service (ELS) This is basically a point- to- point (P2P) Ethernet service. Ethernet LAN Service (E- LAN) This is a multipoint- to- multipoint (MP2MP) Ethernet.
8 Service Provider Networks Ethernet Challenges P 12-15, Nov. 2012
9 Service Provider Networks 12-15, Nov. 2012
10 Service Provider Networks P 12-15, Nov. 2012
11 Service Provider Networks 12-15, Nov. 2012
12 Service Provider Networks Carrier Ethernet 15, Nov. 2012
13 Service Provider Networks Carrier Ethernet 15, Nov. 2012
14 Service Provider Networks Carrier Ethernet thernet Halabi sher: Cisco Press Date: October 01, 2003 ISBN: X ages: 240 finitive guide to Enterprise and Carrier Metro Ethernet applications. iscover the latest developments in metro networking, Ethernet, and MPLS services hat they can do for your organization earn from the easy-to-read format that enables networking professionals of all leve nderstand the concepts
15 Service Provider Networks Carrier Ethernet Provider Bridging 12-15, Nov. 2012
16 Service Provider Networks Carrier Ethernet Provider Bridging P 12-15, Nov. 2012
17 Service Provider Networks Carrier Ethernet Provider Bridging P 12-15, Nov. 2012
18 Service Provider Networks Carrier Ethernet Provider Bridging P 12-15, Nov. 2012
19 Service Provider Networks Carrier Ethernet Provider Bridging P 12-15, Nov. 2012
20 Service Provider Networks Carrier Ethernet Provider Bridging P 12-15, Nov. 2012
21 Service Provider Networks Carrier Ethernet Provider Bridging 802.1ah (MAC inmac) 802.1ah Provider Backbone Bridging Network (PBBN) BCB 4 BCB 1 BCB 3 BCB 2 BEB1 BEB2 Backbone Core Bridges (BCB) Backbone Edge Bridges (BEB) 802.1ad Provider Bridging Network (PBN) PEB1 PB1 PEB2 CE Q Customer Bridges CE2 H1 H200 H201 H400
22 Service Provider Networks Carrier Ethernet Provider Bridging 802.1ah (MAC in MAC) PBB provides a MAC tunneling scheme to transport Ethernet frames between BEBs. BEBs are responsible for translating frames to/from new PBB format. All intelligence is on BEBs. BCBs are regular 802.1ad Provider Bridges. Allows upgrading from 802.1ad to 802.1ah by updating the edge nodes only. BCB 4 BEB4 BEB3 Si PBB encapsulation / decapsulation BCB 1 BEB1 Si Si BCB 2 Si PBB-encapsulated Frame BCB 3 BEB2 PBB encapsulation / decapsulation Customer Frame Customer Frame
23 Service Provider Networks Carrier Ethernet Provider Bridging 802.1ah (MAC in MAC) I-TAG: Contains 24 Bits to Identify a Service Instance B-DA B-SA B-TAG. I-SID C-DA C-SA S-TAG C-TAG Payload FCS Second MAC-Header B-TAG: same Ethertype as S-Tag Service Instance Scalability New 24-bits Service Instance Identifier (I-SID) instead of 12-bits VLAN Domain Isolation & MAC-Address Scalability Encapsulate Customer MAC frames at the edge of the network into Backbone MAC frames: New MAC header Backwards Compatibility with IEEE 802.1ad Ethertype of B-VLAN is the same as 802.1ad S-VLAN (0x88a8) PBB leverages existing L2 control plane mechanisms
24 Service Provider Networks Carrier Ethernet Provider Bridging 802.1ah (MAC in MAC) S-VLAN I-SID B-VLAN BEB 802.1ah BEB 802.1ad BEB BCBs BEB 802.1ad S-VLANs from access mapped or bundled into I-SIDs on BEBs. I-SID provides service identification in PBB network. Global in scope within a single operator s network I-SIDs bundled into B-VLANs for transport over PBB core. B-VLAN defines transport topology in PBB network (e.g., a spanning-tree).
25 Service Provider Networks Carrier Ethernet Provider Bridging 802.1ah (MAC in MAC) C Q CE BEB B ah BEB B4 C-MAC Address B-MAC Address 802.1Q CE C3 C ad B2 BEB B3 BEB 802.1ad C4 BCBs Each BEB uniquely identified by one or more unicast B-MAC addresses. Additionally, a BEB may listen in to one or more B-MAC multicast group addresses B-MAC addresses guaranteed to be unique within a provider s network & may be administered by operator.
26 Service Provider Networks Carrier Ethernet Provider Bridging 802.1ah (MAC in MAC) 802.1ah BEB BEB C-MAC Address Space B-MAC Address Space 802.1ad BEB BEB 802.1ad BCBs Backbone Edge Bridge (BEB): Learn and forward based on both Customer MAC (C-MAC) and Backbone MAC (B-MAC) addresses Build a mapping of C-MAC to B-MAC addresses Backbone Core Bridge (BCB): Learn and forward based on B-MAC addresses only
27 Service Provider Networks Carrier Ethernet Provider Bridging 802.1ah (MAC in MAC) Known Unicast C-MAC Address B-MAC Address 802.1Q CE 802.1ad BEB 802.1ah BEB 802.1ad 802.1Q CE C1 C4 C1 C-VLAN DA SA Ingress BEB Ingress BEB encapsulates frame with PBB header B-MAC DA is set to egress BEB s MAC address (learnt via reverse traffic) B-MAC SA set to ingress BEB s MAC address I-SID determined based on S-VLAN & B-VLAN determined based on I-SID Egress BEB strips off PBB encapsulation B2 B3 Egress BEB C4 C1 DA SA C4 C1 S-VLAN C-VLAN B3 B2 B-VLAN I-SID C4 C1 S-VLAN C-VLAN DA SA B-DA B-SA C-DA C-SA C4 S-VLAN C-VLAN
28 Service Provider Networks Carrier Ethernet Provider Bridging 802.1ah (MAC in MAC) Multicast, Broadcast and Unknown Unicast C-MAC Address B-MAC Address 802.1Q CE 802.1ad BEB 802.1ah BEB 802.1ad G3 G Q CE C1 C4 C1 C-VLAN DA SA B2 Ingress BEB G3 Egress BEB C4 C1 DA SA C4 S-VLAN C-VLAN C4 C1 S-VLAN C-VLAN G3 B2 B-VLAN I-SID C4 C1 S-VLAN C-VLAN DA SA B-DA B-SA C-DA C-SA Ingress BEB encapsulates frame with PBB header B-MAC DA is set to B-MAC multicast group address B-MAC SA set to ingress BEB s MAC address I-SID determined based on S-VLAN & B-VLAN determined based on I-SID One or multiple egress BEBs listen in to the group address
29 Service Provider Networks MPLS is already used in many different applications: Unicast IP routing Multicast IP routing MPLS TE QoS MPLS VPNs MPLS Three main VPN technologies: Layer 3 VPNs Layer 2 VPNs VPLS Point- to- point PSW (pseudowires)
30 MPLS - Basic Idea Packets are switched, not routed, based on labels Labels are filled in the packet header Basic operation: Ingress LER (Label Edge Router) pushes a label in front of the IP header LSR (Label Switch Router) does label swapping Egress LER removes the label The key : establish the forwarding table Link state routing protocols Exchange network topology information for path selection OSPF-TE, IS-IS-TE Signaling/Label distribution protocols: Set up LSPs (Label Switched Path) LDP, RSVP-TE, CR-LDP
31 Configuration and Management of Networks a. Routing protocols (e.g. OSPF-TE, IS-IS-TE) exchange reachability to destination networks 1b. Label Distribution Protocol (LDP) establishes label mappings to destination network 4. LER at egress removes label and delivers packet IP IP 10 IP 20 IP 2. Ingress LER receives packet and label s packets 3. LSR forwards packets using label swapping
32 MPLS - Advantages Scalability of network layer routing. Using labels as a means to aggregate forwarding information. Labels provide forwarding along an explicit path different from the one constructed by destination-based forwarding. Better QoS and TE capabilities Recursion is provided for; hence tunnels can exist within tunnels. Several VPN traffic separation possibilities.
33 Service Provider Networks EA 19-23, Nov. 2012
34 Service Provider Networks MEA 19-23, Nov. 2012
35 Service Provider Networks Layer 3 Vs. Layer 2 VPNs A 19-23, Nov. 2012
36 Service Provider Networks Layer 3 VPNs MEA 19-23, Nov. 2012
37 Service Provider Networks Layer 3 VPNs - 23, Nov. 2012
38 Service Provider Networks Layer 3 VPNs Advantages: 19-23, Nov. 2012
39 Service Provider Networks Layer 2 VPNs: LDP Layer 2 Circuits PseudoWires RFC 4447, Virtual Private Wire or EoMPLS Uses bidirectional MPLS LSPs between PE routers. And a second label that identifies the Pseudowires (only used by the PEs).
40 Service Provider Networks Layer 2 VPNs: VPLS MEA 19-23, Nov. 2012
41 Service Provider Networks Challenges Overly complicated Service and transport mixed up. Complicated management and high OPEX for a shrinking revenue. Management of tunnels and provisioning of services is very static New directions include SDN and increased Layer 2 capabilities. New Layer 2 protocols simplify the network and might reduce the need for MPLS and complex operation SDN provides tools for separating control and service planes from transport and virtualization of networks in the edge
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