Development of Optimal Design System based on Building Information Modeling

Transcription

1 Combined Heat,Air,Moisture and Pollutant Simulations Syracuse,New York,Sept 9-11,2009 Development of Optimal Design System based on Building Information Modeling Yunting Diao (the University of Tokyo) Shinsuke Kato (Institute of Industrial Science, the University of Tokyo)

2 Background For the environmental deterioration (especially Global warming), it is important to save energy and decrease the greenhouse gases(co 2, etc) emission. In construction industry, lower energy consumption and higher comfort becomes the aim of building design besides utilitasfirmitasvenustas. In another word, it is a great need of optimal design varied simulations method Simulation is widely used during the building design process, to evaluate the performance of buildings or reduce the influence of buildings to environment. CASE /15 needs Status quo reason solution

3 Background Design procedure Simulation architect Simulation architect, structural,electrical,hvac engineer Budgeting specialist engineering project supervisor It is apparent that the energy-saving potential will drop with the design process. Because the parameters, such as shape, size of openings, etc, which give great effect to building performance are determined during conceptual design period. It is best to optimize design plan during conceptual design. But! In actual project, simulations are done at the end of preliminary design to just confirm its performance. WHY? needs Status quo reason solution 2/15

4 Background First, it is difficult for architects to do multi simulations. a.without expertise, it is hard to set the input files and the conditions of simulation software. b.for the various performance, such as energy load, lighting, ventilation, etc, can become a trade-off relationship, which make it complex to decide. Secondly, building design is a integrated work. The parameter is not just decided by its performance, but by aesthetic. It will take a lot of time and coordination, between architect and engineer, to get a optimization plan. For a real project, it is not feasible. Lastly, the architects and the engineers use different platforms (as CAD tools), when exchange data between two of the platforms, it is need to change the data format, which is not smoothly done frequently. 3/15 needs Status quo reason solution

5 Background There is a great need of a system that it can do simulation automatically, and show the results to designers to help them optimize their plan from conceptual design. A integrate platform among building design, structure, equipment, estimate, etc so we use the concept of BIM, to construct the system. As the need of precision of simulation will become higher and higher, the system should grow while the design is proceeding. 4/15 needs Status quo reason solution

6 database database database Administration of data 4 CFD D simulation Dynamic simulation 5/15 Outline building life cycle evolution of database result result database optimization Sound simulation Lighting simulation Thermal environment simulation Steady-state simulation

7 The previous research (construct database) Database it likes the heart of the Virtual Building system. Other applications, such as CAD, simulations, connect to it like plug-ins. Virtual building is constructed on Object-Oriented Database system, using database manager called Cache. 3 steps to deal with data 1. Obtain the project data from draft drawn by CAD. Save it as PDB(project database), which only depends on the project itself. (shape, size, location, relationship between rooms, name of material ) 2. Get the general data from GDB(general database), which is not change by the project. (weather data, physical property of material ) 3. Join the two parts of data. 6/15

8 Current research In the previous research, we use AE-CAD, which architect compose the parts like wall, window to complete a design. It is closer to one s thinking but less flexibility to other CAD software. Building Information Modeling focus: More data will be shared between architects and engineers than used to flexibility design process = compose the model representations of the actual parts and pieces being used to build a building close to one s thinking reproduce a whole lifecycle of a building in the digital world Industry foundation classes(ifc/ifcxml) 7/15 BIM database prototype optimization

9 Current research Excel. Worksheet Perimeter Excel. Worksheet Material CAD ID, name, structure of layers Perimeter: Wall, ceiling, floor (ID, Physical orientation, property area, of whether with opening) Window, door(size, materials coordinate) GDB 8/15 BIM database prototype optimization

10 Read the path of CAD file and material database Get data from PDB and GDB Single simulation annual AC load PMV daylight factor sound pressure level ventilation volume Optimization of window size Case study 9/15 BIM database prototype optimization

11 Overview of case study Purpose Verify the possibility of virtual building that use it in conceptual design. About isight: Optimization and automation program developed by Engineous Software. Flowchart of the case study model the design plan by AE-CAD database Turn the model into data AE-Converter(.csv) Thermal environment simulation Lighting simulation Ventilation simulation Process refer to isight Input files for simulations (.csv[renew]) Define the parameters, and put them into proper position of input files of simulations Genetic Algorithm To next generation optimization Run various simulations AE/SimHeat Daylighting Read the output files and define the object factors of optimum design from the files GA Obtain the optimum design (s) 10/15 BIM database prototype optimization

12 Overview of case study Outline a one-floor house with insulation in Tokyo There is a double-glazing window(as6) in both north and south wall. Only the window in the south is optimized. The right lower corner of the window is fixed. Chromosome data of Genetic Algorithm design parameters width 0.5m-4.5m, at 0.05m intervals height 0.5m-2.15m, at 0.05m intervals Task plan Genetic Algorithm(Neighborhood Cultivation GA) Total case: 400(2640) Generation: 20 Population 20 South Object Model Object i. Total energy consumption of one year (only by air-conditioning) ii. Daylight factor iii. The volume of ventilation 11/15 BIM database prototype optimization

13 Overview of case study Setting of air-conditioning Type Energy consumption COP standard 1200W Heating 3.0 Cooling 2.8 Setting Heating Cooling Other ON/OFF schedule ON 6-9 am 12-14pm 16-22pm ON Temperature Humidity 0% 50% 6-9 am 12-14pm 16-22pm OFF U-value U-value(W/m 2 K) Wall Ceiling Floor window /15 BIM database prototype optimization

14 Result Pareto answer Window of normal size2m 2 Optimum size: 2.85m 0.7m Ventilation volume: 3168m 3 /h Annual AC load: 27904MJ/Year Daylight factor: Annual AC load: MJ/Year Daylight factor Window of large size5m 2 Optimum size: 2.85m 1.75m Ventilation volume: 6095m3/h Annual AC load: 29429MJ/Year Daylight factor: Annual AC load: MJ/Year Ventilation volume: M 3 /Hour 13/15 BIM database prototype optimization

15 Conclusion Suggest a supporting system for architect to optimize their design plan, which is based on a synthesizing building database.(also it can be used to administer building data during the whole building lifecycle) Develop a prototype of the system and confirm the possibility of it to be used in conceptual design. Future work How to feedback the optimized plan to design side(cad) How to inherit the optimized result from the previous stage and use it more efficiently Get data from 3D CAD(Revit Architecture, ArchiCAD ) 14/15

16 Thank you! 15/15